| al-Qassam | the military wing of Hamas, created in 1992 |
| al-Shatat | Palestinians living outside Israel and the OPT |
| Dayton Brigade | |
| US-trained Palestinian forces operating on the West Bank | |
| Eretz Israel | all the territory of Ottoman Palestine (Greater Israel) |
| Galabiya (Ar.) | a loose, collarless floor-length robe worn by men and originating in Egypt |
| Goldstone Enquiry | |
| Commission set up by the UN to investigate Israeli and Palestinian war crimes during Operation Cast Lead | |
| Gush Emunim | a political movement, no longer officially in existence, committed to establishing Jewish settlements in the West Bank, Gaza and the Golan Heights |
| Hasbara (Heb.) | propaganda |
| Hijab (Ar.) | a headscarf worn in front of men and in public to cover a woman’s hair |
| International | a foreigner (usually an unpaid volunteer) living in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT) and supporting Palestinians in various non-violent ways |
| Intifada | a period of intensified Palestinian struggle against occupation. The First Intifada ran between 1987– 93, the Second from 2000–5 |
| Islamic Jihad | a small Palestinian armed organisation, formed in 1979 to fight for the sovereignty of Palestine and freedom from Israel |
| Jilbab (Ar.) | an ankle-length, long-sleeved overgarment worn by women |
| Mizrahi | a Jew whose family migrated to Israel from an Arab country |
| Nakba | the 1947–8 uprooting of the Palestinians from their homeland |
| Naksa Day | anniversary of Israel’s seizure, in June 1967, of the West Bank from Jordan, the Sinai from Egypt and the Golan Heights from Syria. |
| Olga Appeal | call for political reform issued by a gathering of Israeli scholars and activists in 2004 |
| Oslo Accords | Agreements signed in 1993 and 1995 between the PLO and Israel |
| Salafist | Muslims who emphasise their rigid adherence to seventh-century Islam |
| Samoud (Ar.) | fortitude (sometimes defined as a mix of courage, obstinacy and pride) |
| Tánaiste | Irish deputy prime minister |
| Thobe (Ar.) | an ankle-length robe with small collar, worn by men and originating in Arabia |