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Introduction: The Progressive-Conservative Clash
4 “Liberal” and “progressive”: For useful discussion of these labels, see Paul Waldman, Being Right Is Not Enough: What Progressives Must Learn from Conservative Success (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2006), 10–11.
6 Liberalism: For a useful exegesis of liberalism, see Paul Starr, Freedom’s Power: The History and Promise of Liberalism (New York: Basic Books, 2008).
7 “cap over the wall”: Clifton A. Leonhardt, “’Cap Over Wall’ Joined Political Lexicon,” New York Times, February 19, 1996, http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/19/opinion/l-cap-over-wall-joined-political-lexicon-055735.html.
Chapter 1: The Sixties
13 number of births: Todd Gitlin, The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage (New York: Bantam, 1993).
13 More babies are born: Neil A. Wynn, Historical Dictionary of the Roosevelt-Truman Years (New York: Scarecrow Press, 2008), 51.
14 Armey once blustered: Todd Gitlin, The Bulldozer and the Big Tent: Blind Republicans, Lame Democrats and the Recovery of American Ideals (New York: Wiley, 2007), 239.
14 Hayden on reach of Sixties: Tom Hayden, The Long Sixties: From 1960 to Barack Obama (New York: Paradigm, 2009), 5.
17 creator of Family Ties: Bruce Weber, “Gary David Goldberg, Television Writer and Creator of ‘Family Ties,’ Dies at 68,” New York Times, June 24, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/25/arts/television/gary-david-goldberg-creator-of-family-ties-dies-at-68.html.
21 “cussers and doubters”: “LBJ Raps Cussers, Doubters,” Daytona Beach Morning Journal, June 28, 1967.
28 “Why not? Get her on the phone”: Taylor Branch, “How Kennedy Won the Black Vote: A Call to Coretta Scott King Brought Groundswell of Support,” Los Angeles Times, December 15, 1988, http://articles.latimes.com/1988-12-15/news/vw-329_1_coretta-king/2.
28 “confronted primarily with a moral issue”: Adam Clymer, “When Presidential Words Led to Swift Action,” New York Times, June 8, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/09/us/remembering-two-seminal-kennedy-speeches.html?pagewanted=all.
29 “two societies”: John Herbers, “Panel On Civil Disorders Calls for Drastic Action to Avoid 2-Society Nation,” New York Times, February 29, 1969, http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0229.html.
29 Ho Chi Minh at Versailles: A. Scott Berg, Wilson (New York: G.P. Putman, 2013), 528.
29 “within five years”: Rick Perlstein, Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America (New York: Scribner, 2008), 102.
31 with thinly veiled threats: Jean Fritz, “Remember the Lady,” New York Times, June 7, 1987, http://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/07/books/remember-the-lady.html.
31 Sanger was indicted: Gloria Feldt, “Margaret Sanger’s Obscentity,” New York Times, October 15, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/15/opinion/nyregionopinions/15CIfeldt.html.
31 “menace to society”: “Margaret Sanger Is Dead at 82; Led Campaign for Birth Control,” New York Times, September 7, 1966.
31 excessive expectations are attached: Cathy Booth Thomas, “The Pill That Unleashed Sex,” Time, March 31, 2003, http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1977881_1977891,00.html.
31 an end to poverty: Elaine Tyler May, “Promises the Pill Could Never Keep,” New York Times, April 24, 2010.
31 opposition is unlike anything: Marlene LeGates, In Their Time: A History of Feminism in Western Society (New York: Routledge, 2001).
32 One student interested in exploring: Fred M. Hechinger, “Women ‘Educated’ Out of Careers,” New York Times, March 6, 1963.
32 “Some people think”: “Angry Battler for Her Sex,” Life, November 1, 1963, https://books.google.com/books?id=VlIEAAAAMBAJ.
32 “weekend of lip service”: Betty Friedan, “Demanding Full Equality,” Time, March 31, 2003, http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1977881_1977891_1978447,00.html.
32 “In my growing up years”: Gloria Steinem, interview by the author, December 2, 2014.
32 “It was the first time”: Ibid.
33 “We assumed that it was such simple justice”: Ibid.
33 It started with fire ants: Elizabeth Kolbert, “Human Nature,” New Yorker, May 28, 2007, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/05/28/human-nature.
34 “The Desolate Year”: “Rachel Carson Dies of Cancer; ‘Silent Spring’ Author Was 56,” New York Times, April 15, 1964, https://www.nytimes.com/books/97/10/05/reviews/carson-obit.html.
34 sees the weather conspire: Jane E. Brody, “Millions Plagued by Air Irritants,” New York Times, November 26, 1966, http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/11/26/issue.html.
34 Cuyahoga River in Ohio catches fire: Michael Scott, “Cuyahoga River Fire 40 Years Ago Ignited an Ongoing Cleanup Campaign,” Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 22, 2009, http://www.cleveland.com/science/index.ssf/2009/06/cuyahoga_river_fire_40_years_a.html.
34 first-ever Earth Day: Gladwin Hill, “Activity Ranges from Oratory to Legislation,” New York Times, April 23, 1970, http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1970/04/23/issue.html.
34 “reason Earth Day worked”: Keith Schneider, “Gaylord A. Nelson, Founder of Earth Day, Is Dead at 89,” New York Times, July 4, 2005, http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/04/politics/gaylord-a-nelson-founder-of-earth-day-is-dead-at-89.html.
35 “Just keep me out of trouble”: Elizabeth Drew, “Nostalgia for Nixon?” Washington Post, June 9, 2007, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/08/AR2007060802260.html.
35 no other mass movement: John McCormick, Reclaiming Paradise: The Global Environmental Movement (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989), vii.
35 sewed together his safety net: A.W. Gaffney, “The Hundred Years’ War for Healthcare Reform,” In These Times, March 25, 2010, http://inthesetimes.com/article/15098/the_hundred_years_war_for_healthcare_reform.
36 AMA’s best friends in Congress: Julian Zelinzer, The Fierce Urgency of Now: Lyndon Johnson, Congress and the Battle for the Great Society (New York: Penguin Press, 2015), 191.
36 advertise the healthful effect: Catherine Gourley, Media Wizards: A Behind-the-Scenes Look at Media Manipulations (New York: 21st Century, 1999), 51.
36 biggest drop in smoking in 20 years: Mike Strobbe, “Historic Smoking Report Marks 50th Anniversary,” USA Today, January 5, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2014/01/05/historic-smoking-report-marks-50th-anniversary/4318233/.
37 smoking dips 3.5 percent: Thomas R. Marshall, “The 1964 Surgeon General’s Report and Americans’ Beliefs about Smoking,” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 2, no. 70 (2015): 250–278, http://jhmas.oxfordjournals.org/content/70/2/250.short?rss=1.
37 lives have been saved: Alexandra Sifferlin, “Thank You, Surgeon General: Tobacco Control Has Saved 8 Million Lives,” Time, January 7, 2014, http://healthland.time.com/2014/01/07/thank-you-surgeon-general-tobacco-control-has-saved-8-million-lives/.
37 “lights and rights”: “The Inheritor,” Time, January 7, 1967, http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,843150,00.html.
37 “it relaxes you, makes you forget”: Gene Johnson, “As Pot Goes Proper, A History of Weed,” Associated Press, December 6, 2012, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/pot-proper-history-weed-article-1.1214613.
38 Senate hearings publicize its horrors: Perlstein, Nixonland, 73.
38 “sell slavery to the young”: “State of the Union Address,” January 17, 1968, Washington D.C., Speeches, Lyndon Johnson Presidential Library.
38 marijuana arrests jump tenfold: Richard C. Schroeder, The Politics of Drugs: An American Dilemma (New York: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1980), 16.
38 remained on the books: David E. Newton, Marijuana: A Reference Handbook (Denver, CO: ABC-CLIO, 2013), 66.
38 95 percent of addicts in Vietnam: Alix Spiegel, “What Vietnam Taught Us About Breaking Bad Habits,” NPR, January 2, 2012, http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/01/02/144431794/what-vietnam-taught-us-about-breaking-bad-habits.
38 “We understood that drugs”: Dan Baum, Smoke and Mirrors: The War on Drugs and the Politics of Failure (Boston: Back Bay Books, 1997).
38 “Pot Peace Prosperity—Vote McGovern”: Perlstein, Nixonland, 713.
38 “The key is to devise a system”: “Haldeman Diary Shows Nixon Was Wary of Blacks and Jews,” New York Times, May 18, 1994, http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/18/us/haldeman-diary-shows-nixon-was-wary-of-blacks-and-jews.html.
38 reduced in 28 states: George Galster, Reality and Research: Social Science and U.S. Urban Policy Since 1960 (Lanham, MD: Urban Institute Press, 1996), 158.
38 High Times starts appearing: Seth Stevenson, “Gnarly Birthday, High Times!” Slate, October 15, 2014, http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2014/10/the_40th_anniversary_of_high_times_a_pot_magazine_in_the_era_of_legal_marijuana.html.
38 According to Governor David Paterson: Madison Gray, “A Brief History of New York’s Rockefeller Drug Laws,” Time, April 2, 2009, http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1888864,00.html.
39 gays in America: Mark Jenkins, “At Stonewall and in Salt Lake, Gays at the Barricades,” NPR, June 18, 2010, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127839207.
39 Quincy Troupe wrote in the late 1940s: Stuart Timmons, Bo Young, and Will Roscoe, The Trouble with Harry Hay: Founder of the Modern Gay Movement (New York: White Crane Books, 2012), xiv.
39 Things begin to change: Dudley Clendinen, “Harry Hay, 90, Early Proponent of Gay Rights, Is Dead,” New York Times, October 25, 2002, http://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/25/obituaries/25HAY.html.
39 “The average homosexual, if there be such”: Dylan Stableford, “’The Homosexuals’: Mike Wallace’s Controversial 1967 CBS Report Gets Second Viewing Online,” Yahoo News, April 10, 2012, http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/cutline/homosexuals-mike-wallace-controversial-1967-cbs-report-gets-170733217.html.
40 “And it was fantastic”: American Experience: Stonewall Uprising, directed by Kate Davis and David Heilbroner (2010), film.
40 In a seminal Village Voice piece: Lucian Truscott IV, “Gay Power Comes to Sheridan Square,” Village Voice, July 3, 1969, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/stonewall-village-voice/.
Chapter 2: Nader
44 “I took it seriously”: Justin Martin, Nader: Spoiler, Crusader, Icon (New York: Perseus, 2002), 5.
45 “From day one”: Ralph Nader, interview by the author, March 12, 2015.
48 “He was unflappable”: Martin, Nader, 47.
48 puts under oath James Roche: Stan Luger, Corporate Power, American Democracy and the Automobile Industry (New York: Cambridge, 1999), 70.
49 “in fairness to Ralph”: Paul Ingrassia, “How the Corvair’s Rise and Fall Changed America Forever,” Reuters, May 9, 2002, http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2012/05/09/how-the-corvairs-rise-and-fall-changed-america-forever/.
49 “scale of priorities”: Nancy Bowem, Ralph Nader: Man with a Mission (Brookfield, CT: Twenty First Century Books, 2002), 45.
50 “You might call it my obsession”: Nader, interview with author, March 12, 2015.
51 “only did 20 percent”: Robert F. Buckhorn, Nader: The People’s Lawyer (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1972), 97.
51 Nader Raiders like McClure’s: based on Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Bully Pulpit: Teddy Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and the Golden Age of Journalism (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2013), xii.
52 “crime in the suites”: Ralph Nader, “White Collar Crime: America’s Crime without Criminals,” New York Times, May 19, 1985, http://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/19/business/white-collar-fraud-america-s-crime-without-criminals.html.
54 extremists “like Ralph Nader”: Jacob S. Hacker and Paul Pierson, Winner-Take-All Politics: How Washington Made the Rich Richer and Turned Its Back on the Middle Class (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2010), 117.
56 Nader and Green articles: Nader, “A Citizens Guide to the Consumer Economy,” New York Review of Books, September 2, 1971; Green and Moore, “Winter’s Discontent: Market Failure and Consumer Welfare,” Yale Law Journal, April, 1973, 903.
62 “If there were one thing”: James Lardner, “Bad News Bearers,” Washington Post, March 22, 1982, http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1982/03/22/bad-news-bearers/81577ef7-a5ce-4792-b9e8-3ff86de20744/.
63 shocked and thrilled: Eileen Shanahan, “Nader Asserts Monopolies Mulct the Public of Billions, Report Charges Political Power Aids Giants in Blocking Antitrust Suits,” New York Times, June 6, 1971, A1.
63 There is a big reaction: The Closed Enterprise System: Ralph Nader’s Study Group Report on Antitrust Enforcement (New York: Grossman Publishers, 1972).
68 “His wild mane”: Hays Gorey, Nader and the Everyman (New York: Putman, 1975), 88.
69 “The gentlemen who run”: Robert F. Buckhorn, Nader: the People’s Lawyer (New York: Prentice Hall, 1972), 127.
70 While reviews are positive: John Kenneth Galbraith, “Like Jackals Feeding on the Body Politic,” New York Times, May 18, 1975.
70 asked about Nader: Buckhorn, Nader, 137.
70 hear a president: “Remarks at the 100th Anniversary of the Los Angeles County Bar Association,” May 4, 1978, Los Angeles, California, Jimmy Carter papers.
70 “minimum fee schedules”: Golfarb v. Virginia State Bar. U.S. Supreme Court, 16 June 1975.
71 “Nader’s Biggest Raid”: “Nader’s Biggest Raid,” Time, July 31, 1972, http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,877927,00.html.
73 “believe in a division of labor”: Roberta Ann Johnson, The Struggle against Corruption: A Comparative Study (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004), 26.
73 “It may still be one”: Hays Gorey, Nader and the Power of the Everyman (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1985), 253.
73 “good deal of meat”: “Nader’s Criticism ‘Valid’—Mansfield,” Sarasota Herald-Tribune, October 5, 1972.
73 Bollier on Who Runs Congress?: David Bollier, Citizen Action and Other Big Ideas: A History of Ralph Nader and the Modern Consumer Movement (Washington, D.C.: Center for the Study of Responsive Law, 1989), 25.
75 Wall Street Journal runs a front-page piece: Robert Merry and Albert Hunt, “Business Lobby Gains More Power as It Rides Antigovernment Tide,” Wall Street Journal, May 17, 1978.
78 “both sides of my mouth”: Cheryl Lavin, “Nader: The Dragon Slayer Still Breathing Fire,” Chicago Tribune, July 13, 1986, http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-07-13/features/8602190959_1_ralph-nader-prepaid-ticket-candy-bar/2.
79 “come at them with a national outcry”: Marc Fisher, “Ralph Nader’s Paradise Lost,” Washington Post, July 23, 1989, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1989/07/23/ralph-naders-paradise-lost/7b384962-f600-455b-b3c1-fd4401407e6d/.
79 from companies to consumers: Ralph Nader, “California Voters Acted to Save $100 Billion,” Huffington Post, November 15, 2013, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ralph-nader/california-prop-103_b_4282587.html.
80 well-known CNN and LA Times commentator: Jon Healey, “Sen. Bernie Sanders Positions Self to Be Next Ralph Nader,” Los Angeles Times, September 15, 2014, http://www.latimes.com/opinion/opinion-la/la-ol-bernie-sanders-president-independent-hillary-clinton-ralph-nader-20140915-story.html.
80 Schneider on Nader: Marlene Cimons, “Nader’s Raiders 20 Years Later,” Los Angeles Times, October 27, 1989, http://articles.latimes.com/1989-10-27/news/vw-778_1_nader-s-raiders/2.
80 “thought he had his day”: Matthew Purdy, “Congress’ Loss Is Nader’s Gain,” Philadelphia Inquirer, February 10, 1989, http://articles.philly.com/1989-02-10/news/26152231_1_ralph-nader-nader-s-raiders-meat-and-poultry-safety.
80 “four-person strikes forces”: Nader, interview by the author, March 12, 2015.
80 “My problem is that I’m bolder”: Ibid.
81 “invasion from Mars”: Martin, Nader, 226.
81 New Hampshire primary ballot: Ibid., 229.
81 21 state ballots: 1996 Official Presidential General Election Results, http://www.fec.gov/96fed/geresult.htm.
82 raises an unexpected $8 million: Martin, Nader, 260.
82 “joy and justice!”: “Nader Rally Refrain: If Bush Equals Gore, Why Not?” New York Times, October 15, 2000, http://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/15/politics/15NADE.html.
82 “borders on the wicked”: An Unreasonable Man, directed by Henriette Mantel (2007, Genius Entertainment), film.
82 “He cost us the election”: James Dao, “Angry Democrats, Fearing Nader Cost Them Presidential Race, Threaten to Retaliate,” New York Times, November 9, 2000, http://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/09/us/2000-elections-green-party-angry-democrats-fearing-nader-cost-them-presidential.html.
87 “you’re more driven”: Nader, interview by the author, March 12, 2015.
90 “nervous if things go wrong”: Justin Martin, Nader: Spoiler, Crusader, Icon (New York: Perseus, 2002), 155.
91 “a man without parallel”: Gorey, Nader and the Power of the Everyman, 153.
91 “Ralph is living proof”: Michael Kinsley, “Saint Ralph,” Washington Post, November 21, 1985, http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1985/11/21/saint-ralph/019823dd-a4c7-4e57-897f-a96bfc0d570a/.
92 “talent and technique”: Dotson Rader, “Inside the Actors Studio Host James Lipton on His Favorite Interview and Pimping in Paris,” Parade, May 28, 2013, http://parade.com/17599/dotsonrader/inside-the-actors-studio-host-james-lipton-on-his-favorite-interview-and-pimping-in-paris/.
Chapter 3: The Advocate
95 President Clinton on public advocate: William J. Clinton, “Remarks on Kick Butts Day in Brooklyn, New York,” April 15, 1997. Outline by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=53996.
98 the term “corpocracy”: Eric Gelman, “Corporate Bloat,” Businessweek, September 9, 1985, 92F.
98 Fortune lauds: Michael Kinsley, “A New Kind of Naderism,” Fortune, September 16, 1985, 193.
100 three blocks north: Dennis Hevesi, “New Consumer Chief Faults R.J. Reynolds on Its ‘Camel’ Ads,” New York Times, February 21, 1990.
101 traces back to 1831: Mark Green and Laurel Eisner, “The Public Advocate for New York City: An Analysis of the Country’s Only Elected Ombudsman,” New York Law School Law Review vol. 42 (1998).
109 “They would view”: Sydney Schanberg, “Food (Still) Costs More in Poor Districts,” Newsday, May 29, 1991.
110 under the leadership: Jonathan P. Hicks, “Mayor Gives Final Approval for East Harlem Supermarket,” New York Times, August 2, 1995, http://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/02/nyregion/mayor-gives-final-approval-for-east-harlem-supermarket.html.
112 take the lead: Trish Hall, “How Fat? Burger King to Post Answers,” New York Times, August 8, 1991, http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/08/nyregion/how-fat-burger-king-to-post-answers.html.
112 “Kosher coalition”: Leonard Sloane, “Fighting Price Gouging on Passover Foods,” New York Times, April 11, 1992, http://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/11/news/fighting-price-gouging-on-passover-foods.html.
116 “de-fund the Public Advocate’s office”: Peter Vallone, My Life in New York Politics: From Hell Gate to City Hall (New York: Chaucer Press, 2005), 211.
117 Giuliani’s charter commission: Dan Barry, “A Mayor’s Like-Minded Charter Panel,” New York Times, June 17, 1999.
117 “I can’t imagine”: Barry, “A Mayor’s Like-Minded Charter Panel.”
118 “Never be a bully”: Rudy Giuliani, Leadership (New York: Miramax, 2005), 267.
118 “loyalty tests”: Michael Powell and Russ Buettner, “In Matters Big and Small, Crossing Giuliani Had Price,” New York Times, January 22, 2008.
119 “mayoral brutality”: Jim Dwyer, “Red Light Row Leaves Rudy Seeing Red,” New York Daily News, September 14, 1997.
123 backs us up: “Laxity on Police Abuses,” New York Times, September 18, 1999.
123 spotted on the red carpet: Kevin Flynn, “Safir Faces Criticism After Oscar Trip,” New York Times, March 23, 1999.
124 “wasn’t an altar boy”: Eric Lipton, “Giuliani Cites Criminal Past of Slain Man,” New York Times, March 20, 2001.
124 sue the mayor: Thomas J. Lueck, “Mayor May Face Inquiry in Dorismond Case,” New York Times, November 22, 2000.
126 It’s all run: Selwyn Raab, “He Runs Trash Hauling with Silence and Pastry,” New York Times, February 20, 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/20/nyregion/he-runs-trash-hauling-with-silence-and-pastry.html.
127 Mayor “Eliot Ness”: Selwyn Raab, “Giuliani Has a Plan to Battle Mafia Grip on Trash Hauling,” New York Times, November 30, 1995, http://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/19/nyregion/trash-haulers-face-new-list-of-charges-about-fees.html.
Chapter 4: What It’s Like—New York Politics
131 “they lie more”: Evan Thomas, Robert Kennedy: His Life (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), 297.
132 “restore order and respect”: Richard Nixon, “Address Accepting the Presidential Nomination at the Republican National Convention,” speech, August 8, 1968, Miami Beach, Florida. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=25968.
133 The opponent is Lee Alexander: Lawrence Van Gelder, “Lee Alexander, 69, Mayor Whose Career Ended in Jail,” New York Times, December 27, 1996, http://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/27/nyregion/lee-alexander-69-mayor-whose-career-ended-in-jail.html.
134 spokesman for Attica inmates: Robert McG. Thomas Jr., “Herbert Blyden, 61, Speaker for Inmates in Attica Revolt,” New York Times, September 24, 1997, http://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/24/nyregion/herbert-blyden-61-speaker-for-inmates-in-attica-revolt.html.
134 Ramsey’s idea of limiting: “Al and Ramsey and Abe; But Bess Is No One’s Woman,” New York, May 27, 1974, 13.
134 contribute a total: Steven R. Weisman, “Clark Says He’s Raised $500,000 in Spite of Limit,” New York Times, October 19, 1974.
134 Javits has accepted $15,000: Michael Kramer, “Will Javits Beat Javits?” New York, October 28, 1974, 42.
136 running guns for the IRA: Jack Holland, “Paul O’Dwyer Always Fought the Good Fight,” Irish Echo, February 16, 2011, http://irishecho.com/2011/02/a-view-north-paul-odwyer-always-fought-the-good-fight-2/.
136 writes a story: Frank Lynn, “Moynihan Backing Off Senate Bid; Crangle ‘Out on Limb,’” New York Times, June 4, 1976.
136 On June 11: Maurice Carroll, “Moynihan Enters U.S. Senate Race,” New York Times, June 11, 1976.
138 raises a recent Times series: Seymour Hersh, “The Contrasting Lives of Sidney R. Korshak,” New York Times, June 27, 1976.
139 unforced error: “Mrs. Abzug Won’t Back Moynihan If He Wins Primary,” New York Times, August 29, 1976, 43.
141 Lowenstein shot: Rudy Max, “A Tale of Two Greens,” Washington Post, April 13, 1980.
143 won’t be a candidate: Frank Lynn, “Ferraro Bars Senate Race in ‘86,” New York Times, December 12, 1985, http://www.nytimes.com/1985/12/12/nyregion/ferraro-bars-senate-race-in-86.html.
144 exposed-pipes office: Bennett Roth, “Dyson-Green Contest a Contrast in Political Funding,” Sunday Times Union, August 31, 1986.
144 “listen to the organ grinder”: David Egner, “Green, Dyson, Senate Hopefuls, Clash in Debate,” Schenectady Gazette, August 12, 1986, 30.
146 “millions of reasons”: Jennifer Peltz, “Hank Morris, Political Consultant, Sentenced For Pension Fund Scheme,” Huffington Post, February 17, 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/17/hank-morris-political-con_n_824769.html.
147 “one of most vituperative political debates”: Frank Lynn, “Green and Dyson Exchange Accusions,” New York Times, August 20, 1986.
147 Dyson’s financial portfolio: Fred Dicker, “Dyson: Gov Inspired My Sale of South Africa Stock,” New York Post, September 3, 1986.
148 big front-page picture: Frank Lynn, “Mark Green Beats Dyson in Primary,” New York Times, September 10, 1986.
148 back to earth: “Mayor Commends D’Amato as Being ‘Superb Senator,’” New York Times, September 11, 1986, 1.
149 “anything short of killing Javits”: “Around City Hall,” New Yorker, September 22, 1980, 132.
149 cocaine derivative in Washington Heights: “Crack Operation Lawmakers Learn the Drug World’s Ways,” Philadelphia Inquirer, July 11, 1986, http://articles.philly.com/1986-07-11/news/26099097_1_federal-drug-agent-drug-users-dealer.
149 enforces an illegal scheme: Murray Waas, “The Soul of a New Machine Politician,” New Republic, March 10, 1986, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/politics/105039/the-soul-new-machine-politician.
149 “return your phone calls”: Phillip M. Stern, Still the Best Congress Money Can Buy (New York: Regnery Gateway, 1992), 90.
150 $13 million war chest: Howard Kurtz, “New York City Support Wanes for Beleaguered Senator D’Amato,” Washington Post, September 27, 1989.
151 “there was a nonaggression pact”: Michael Oreskes, “The Election: New Voting Patterns and a Look at ‘88,” New York Times, November 6, 1986.
152 “obviously distraught”: “Ex-Opponent Asks Senate Ethics Panel for D’Amato Inquiry,” New York Times, July 18, 1989, http://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/18/us/ex-opponent-asks-senate-ethics-panel-for-d-amato-inquiry.html
152 Ethics Committee releases its ten-page report: Helen Dewar, “Ethics Panel Criticizes D’Amato for Letting Brother Use Office,” Washington Post, August 3, 1991, http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/08/03/ethics-panel-criticizes-damato-for-letting-brother-use-office/e5474cef-ee95-4f42-ab91-1f82cf07402a.
152 “completely exonerated”: Lindsey Gruson, “Senate Panel Finds No Evidence to Warrant Action on D’Amato,” New York Times, August 3, 1991, A1.
153 In a reversal: Elissa Gootman, “Old Rivals in Court, with Nary a Cross Word,” New York Times, June 17, 2003.
154 who chooses words carefully: Celestine Bohlen, “Cuomo Calls for ‘New Era of Harmony,’” New York Times, September 5, 1989, http://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/05/nyregion/cuomo-calls-for-new-era-of-harmony.html.
155 “Mayors come and go”: Francis X. Clines, “Dinkins Ends the Campaign on Note of Gratitude,” New York Times, November 3, 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/11/03/nyregion/the-1993-elections-the-incumbent-dinkins-ends-the-campaign-on-note-of-gratitude.html.
156 Fritz Schwartz on Green: Joe Conason, “Mark Green’s Poll Inspiring Campaign for Public Advocate,” New York Observer, March 22, 1993, 1.
157 “the voluble Mr. Green”: “Mark Green for Public Advocate,” New York Times, October 26, 1993.
158 Michael Tomasky writes: Michael Tomasky, “Campaign Wishes,” New York, April 15, 1996, 30.
160 Dole annoys Chuck: Emily Heil, “Chuck Schumer and That ‘Most Dangerous Place in Washington’ Joke,” Washington Post, April 1, 2015, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/reliable-source/wp/2015/04/01/chuck-schumer-and-that-most-dangerous-place-joke/.
161 “fumes of fame”: Marc Humbert, “Ferraro Loses New York Senate Bid,” Washington Post, September 16, 1998, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/keyraces98/stories/apny091698.htm.
161 political weirdness: James Bennet, “Clinton Moves from School to Fundraiser,” New York Times, April 16, 1997, http://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/16/nyregion/in-brooklyn-clinton-moves-from-school-to-fund-raiser.html.
162 “era of D’Amato is over”: Blaine Harden, “New York’s Veteran ‘Senator Pothole’ Gets Run Over by Schumer,” Washington Post, November 4, 1998, https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/keyraces98/stories/ny110498.htm.
167 Buckley v. Valeo: Amy Handlin, Dirty Deals?: An Encyclopedia of Lobbying, Political Influence, and Corruption (New York: ABC-CLIO, 2014), 189.
169 “wide reputation”: Wayne Barrett, “The Early Line,” Village Voice, April 1, 2000, http://www.villagevoice.com/news/the-early-line-6417841.
170 what a coincidence: Leslie Maitland, “D’Amato Cited in Another Brief Filed by Green,” New York Times, December 14, 1989, http://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/14/nyregion/d-amato-cited-in-another-brief-filed-by-green.html.
171 tells the New Yorker: Elizabeth Kolbert, “How to Succeed,” New Yorker, December 20, 1999, 40.
171 “How does a New York politician”: Bob Herbert, “Trouble for Ferrer,” New York Times, May 14, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/14/opinion/in-america-trouble-for-ferrer.html.
171 wedding vows: Greg Gittrich and Corky Siemaszko, “Rev. Al Sports New ‘Do’: Sleeker Sharpton, Wife Renew ‘80 Marital Vows,” New York Daily News, August 27, 2001
172 “4 Democrats Spar Cordially”: Adam Nagourney, “4 Democrats Spar Cordially In Mayor Race,” New York Times, May 7, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/07/nyregion/4-democrats-spar-cordially-in-mayor-race.html.
172 Sharpton then disingenuously: Adam Nagourney, “Ferrer Refuses Endorsement Linked to Race,” New York Times, May 10, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/10/nyregion/ferrer-refuses-endorsement-linked-to-race.html.
173 1199 Hospital Workers: Juan Gonzalez, “How 1199 Cast Vote for Ferrer,” New York Daily News, September 6, 2001, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/1199-cast-vote-ferrer-article-1.933594.
173 wine-splashed dinner: Steven Greenhouse, “Labor Divided House in Mayoral Fight,” New York Times, September 4, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/04/nyregion/labor-a-divided-house-in-mayoral-race-each-democrat-has-a-union-s-support.html.
174 Atta is having dinner: “The Night Before Terror,” Portland Press Herald, October 5, 2001, http://www.pressherald.com/2011/08/25/september-11-portland-maine-chronology-fbi-mohamed-atta-abdulaziz-alomari.
180 phone interview: Michael Cooper and Adam Nagourney, “Green Says He’d Top Giuliani in a Crisis,” New York Times, October 2, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/02/nyregion/green-says-he-d-top-giuliani-in-a-crisis.html.
181 “moral prestige”: James Traub, “No-Fun City,” New York Times Magazine, November 4, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/04/magazine/no-fun-city.html?pagewanted=all.
181 “this and that”: Robert Hardt Jr., “Mario Goes for Green,” New York Post, October 9, 2001, http://nypost.com/2001/10/09/mario-goes-for-green/.
181 “a mother hiccups”: Jonathan P. Hicks and Randal C. Archibald, “Green Presses Attack Tactics, Accusing Rival of Inconstancy,” New York Times, October 7, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/07/nyregion/green-presses-attack-tactics-accusing-rival-of-inconstancy.html.
182 tough, negative ad: Robert Hardt Jr., “Dems’ Runoff Getting ‘Ugly’—With One Day to Go, Charges of Racism Fly Amid Dueling Ads,” New York Post, October 10, 2001, http://nypost.com/2001/10/10/dems-runoff-getting-ugly-with-one-day-to-go-charges-of-racism-fly-amid-dueling-ads/.
182 “They lynch you”: Michael Cooper and Randal C. Archibold, “Runoff Campaign Turns Strange as Candidates Trade Charges,” New York Times, October 10, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/16/nyregion/political-memo-heated-race-revisited-amid-claims-of-racism.html.
182 “stay out of Harlem”: Peter Noel, “Mark Green, You Can’t Hide,” Village Voice, October 16, 2001 http://www.villagevoice.com/news/mark-green-you-cant-hide-6396685.
182 “That ad is defensible”: Adam Nagourney, “Heated Race Revisited, Amid Claims of Racism,” New York Times, October 16, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/16/nyregion/political-memo-heated-race-revisited-amid-claims-of-racism.html.
187 “emphasizing not politics”: Eliot Spitzer, interview by the author, March 10, 2015.
187 “appeal to both”: Arnie Sergura, interview by the author, May 12, 2015.
188 “too independent”: Dominick Carter, interview by the author, May 13, 2015.
188 “That’s fine”: Michael Saul, “Billionaire Says Tax Returns Are His Business,” New York Daily News, November 1, 2001, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/billionaire-tax-returns-business-article-1.926163.
188 Purnick on Bloomberg: “For Bloomberg, Ambition vs. Caution,” New York Times, January. 28, 2016, A29. See also Mike Bloomberg: Money, Power, Politics (New York: PublicAffairs, 2010).
189 “give him a hug”: Jules Witcover, “Support of Guiliani Put Bloomberg on Top,” Baltimore Sun, November 9, 2001, http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2001-11-09/news/0111090109_1_rudy-giuliani-giuliani-endorsement-garth.
190 racial anthrax: Joyce Shelby, “Rev. Al Warns Green: Black Nod’s in Doubt,” New York Daily News, November 4, 2001 http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/rev-al-warns-green-black-nod-doubt-article-1.934339.
190 headlines start appearing: Mark Stamey, “Bitter Rev. Al Says Green Played ‘Race Card’ to Beat Ferrer,” New York Post, October 14, 2001, http://nypost.com/2001/10/14/bitter-rev-al-says-green-played-the-race-card-to-beat-ferrer/.
190 “Sharpton and, to his credit”: Elizabeth Kolbert, “How to Succeed,” New Yorker, December 20, 1999, 44.
191 provocative lead: Larry Cohler-Esses, “Sharton-Ferrer Flyper Flap: Green campaign did it, 3 Dem Sources Charge,” New York Daily News, October 30, 2001, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/sharpton-ferrer-flyer-flap-green-campaign-3-dem-sources-charge-article-1.922719.
192 At the dinner: Michael Cooper, “Unity Dinner for Green Is Anything But, with Ferrer Absent,” New York Times, November 3, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/03/nyregion/unity-dinner-for-green-is-anything-but-with-ferrer-absent.html.
195 Gracious Tone: Joel Siegel, “Green Takes Gracious Tone,” New York Daily News, December 13, 2001, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/green-takes-gracious-tone-article-1.923517. See also Adam Nagourney, “Avoiding ‘Should Have,’ Green Looks Back at Race,” New York Times, December 13, 2001, D4.
196 Dismayed journalists: Michael Tomasky, “Carpe Dems,” New York magazine, November 19, 2001, http://nymag.com/news/articles/bloomberg/tomasky.htm.
196 “walk on eggshells”: Joyce Purnick, “The Race Card and When to Fold,” New York Times, November 12, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/12/nyregion/metro-matters-the-race-card-and-knowing-when-to-fold.html.
196 “white sheets and a hood”: Clyde Haberman, “Sharpton Loses the Ring But Never the Spotlight,” New York Times, January 23, 2002, http://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/23/nyregion/nyc-sharpton-loses-the-ring-but-never-the-spotlight.html.
198 skeptical New York Times: “A Primary Choice: Mark Green,” New York Times, September 2, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/02/opinion/a-primary-choice-mark-green.html.
198 Smith on Green loss: Chris Smith, “Not Mike,” New York magazine, October 20, 2011.
198 “one other thing”: Ray Kelly, Vigilance: My Life Serving America and Protecting its Empire City (New York: Hachette Books, 2015).
199 McGovern reportedly replied: Katie Glueck, “Mondale: McGovern Funny, Idealistic,” Politico, October 21, 2012, http://www.politico.com/story/2012/10/mondale-recalls-mcgoverns-humor-ideals-082686.
199 The New York Post writes: Richard Perez-Pena, “McCall Criticizes Cuomo for ‘Divisive’ Comment,” New York Times, November 17, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/17/nyregion/mccall-criticizes-cuomo-for-a-divisive-comment.html.
199 proudly informs: Tom Robbins, “The Hidden Persuaders,” Village Voice, October 16, 2001, http://www.villagevoice.com/news/the-hidden-persuaders-6396683.
200 contributed $50,000: Benjamin Smith, “Bloomberg Donates $50,000 to Group Linked to Fulani,” New York Sun, July 17, 2002, http://culteducation.com/group/1076-new-alliance-party/15182-bloomberg-donates-50000-to-group-linked-to-fulani-.html.
200 “So what!”: Joyce Purnick, Bloomberg: Money, Power, Politics (New York: Public Affairs, 2010), 114.
200 “that racial contract”: Ricahrd Perez-Pena, “McCall Criticizews Cuomo for ‘Divisive’ Comment,” New York Times, November 17, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/17/nyregion/mccall-criticizes-cuomo-for-a-divisive-comment.html.
200 “racialized and ridiculed”: Wayne Barrett, “Getting Greened,” Village Voice, September 11–18, 2002.
201 Biden memorably says: “Biden: Rudy’s Sentences Consist of ‘A Noun, a Verb and 9/11,’” Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2007/10/30/biden-rudys-sentences-con_n_70509.html.
201 flicker of irony: Celeste Katz, Chauncey Alcorn, and Larry McShane, “Al Sharpton Rips Giuliani Over Obama Comments, Says ‘Rudy Needs a Hug,’” New York Daily News, February 22, 2015, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/al-sharpton-rips-giuliani-obama-comments-article-1.2123984.
201 “What’s Next for Green”: Dean E. Murphy and Michael Cooper, “What’s Next for Green? Politics (and a Beard) May Be Out,” New York Times, December 3, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/03/nyregion/what-s-next-for-green-politics-and-a-beard-may-be-out.html.
206 “a nesting place”: “Cuomo vs. Green,” New York Times, August 27, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/27/opinion/nyregionopinions/CIattygenl.html.
206 “maybe 10 phone calls”: Patrick Healy, “In Son’s Race, Father Sees Cuomo Comeback,” New York Times, October 31, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/31/nyregion/31mario.html?n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FO%2FOrganized%20Labor&_r=0.
209 “look into this again”: Ben Smith, “New Probe into Green’s ’01 Mayor Campaign,” New York Daily News, June 22, 2006, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/new-probe-green-01-mayor-campaign-article-1.636062.
209 letter exonerating me: Michael Brick, “Investigation into ’01 Race Exonerates Green,” New York Times, July 22, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/22/nyregion/22green.html?pagewanted=print.
210 under criminal investigation: Damon Winter, “Notes Found in Review of Police Work Could Exonerate 2 Convicted in Killing,” New York Times, April 8, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/09/nyregion/notes-found-as-brooklyn-detectives-work-is-reviewed-could-exonerate-two-convicted-of-murder.html; Josh Saul, “Fishy-Funds Probers Closing in on Hynes,” New York Post, October 19, 2015, 2.
210 selfish about-face: Michael Barbaro and Tim Arango, “Bloomberg Said to test a Term-Limit Reversal,” New York Times, August 22, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/23/nyregion/23bloomberg.html.
211 exclusive interview: Jonathan P. Hicks, “Put Off by Term-Limits Fight, Green Ponders Another Run for Public Advocate,” New York Times, December 7, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/08/nyregion/08green.html.
212 “most corrupt”: Annie Karni, “Bill de Blasio Sought Campaign Contributions from Landlord He Once Blasted as ‘One of the Most Corrupt’ in City: Sources,” New York Daily News, September 7, 2009, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/election/de-blasio-sought-money-corrupt-landlord-sources-article-1.1448450.
214 astonished New York Times: Michael Cooper, “At $92.60 a Vote, Bloomberg Shatters n Election Record,” New York Times, December 4, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/04/nyregion/at-92.60-a-vote-bloomberg-shatters-an-election-record.html.
Chapter 5: What It’s Like—National Politics
221 “somebody had to”: Kurt Andersen, “Going for a Knockout,” Time, March 5, 1984, http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,952336,00.html.
222 buries his ax:Matt Bai, “How Gary Hart’s Downfall Forever Changed American Politics,” New York Times, September 18, 2014.
223 Hart on Mondale’s PAC: “Hart Draws Some Blood,” Newsweek, May 7, 1984.
224 Hart’s rallies in NYC, with Sagan: Maureen Dowd, “New Yorkers to Vote Today in Primary,” New York Times, April 3, 1984, http://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/03/nyregion/new-yorkers-to-vote-today-in-primary-hart.html.
226 Have a summit: Bernard Weinraub, “Mondale and Hart, With Smiles, Say Only Target is Reagan,” New York Times, June 26, 1984, http://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/27/us/mondale-and-hart-with-smiles-say-only-target-now-is-reagan.html.
228 farewell and a wink: “Excerpts from Hart Speech to Convention Exhorting party for Campaign,” New York Times, July 19, 1984.
229 “Did I ... ?” Robin Toner, “Hart, Conceding Error, Says He Did Nothing Immoral,” New York Times, May 6, 1987, http://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/06/us/hart-conceding-error-says-he-did-nothing-immoral.html.
232 “Let them be produced”: Hendrik Hertzberg, Politics: Observations and Arguments, 1966–2004 (New York: Penguin, 2004), 171.
234 Clinton on Brown’s flat tax: Evans and Novak, “Brown’s Flat Tax Can Cost Him NY,” New York Post, March 27, 1992, 23.
236 Clinton and Gore: For more on the tense situation between the two, see Robert Shrum, No Excuses: Concessions of a Serial Campaigner (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007), 366.
236 Clinton lands at JFK: Vincent Morris, Dan Mangan, “Bill’s Slow Ride Out on Ex-Prez Flight,” New York Post, January 21, 2001.
239 John doesn’t disappoint: Michael Tackett, “Bush’s Handling of the War Emerges as A Central Issue,” Chicago Tribune, September 21, 2004.
240 “outsourced the job”: Richard W. Stevenson and Jodi Wilgoren, “Candidates Give Tough Response to the al Qaeda Tape,” New York Times, October 30, 2004.
241 Kerry’s concession: For the best summary of Kerry’s last day as a candidate, see chapter seven of Shrum, No Excuses.
Chapter 6: What It Takes
250 produces worry: Jonathan Alter, The Defining Moment: FDR’s Hundred Days and the Triumph of Hope (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005), 23.
251 “Attack, attack, attack”: Todd Gitlin, The Bulldozer and the Big Tent: Blind Republicans, Lame Democrats and the Recovery of American Ideals (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley and Sons, 2007), 102.
254 “let ’em”: Larry Getlen, “Journalist Debunks Babe Ruth’s Legendary ‘Called Shot,’” New York Post, February 1, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/02/01/chicago-journalist-debunks-babe-ruths-called-shot/.
257 “public opinion baths”: Stephen Wynalda, 366 Days in Abraham Lincoln’s Presidency: The Private, Political, and Military Decisions of America’s Greatest President (New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2014), 171.
257 “learning nuthin’”: Robert Caro, Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson (New York: Vintage, 2002), 569.
258 “unavoidable for comment”: Dan Janison, “Ed Koch Wasn’t Always What He Seemed,” Newsday, February 1, 2013, http://www.newsday.com/long-island/columnists/dan-janison/ed-koch-wasn-t-always-what-he-seemed-1.4547518.
259 “look like Trayvon”: Byron Tau, “Obama: ‘If I Had a Son, He’d Look Like Trayvon,’” Politico, March 23, 2012, http://www.politico.com/blogs/politico44/2012/03/obama-if-i-had-a-son-hed-look-like-trayvon-118439.
259 “could have been me”: Tom Cohen, “Obama: ‘Trayvon Martin Could Have Been Me,’” CNN, July 19, 2013, http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/19/politics/obama-zimmerman/.
259 “know when to retreat and dare to do it”: “Great Leaders Know When to Retreat,” Financial Times, November 15, 2010, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ee27af48-eb57-11df-b482-00144feab49a.html#axzz3lSfynI7P.
260 The EQ of Henry Lloyd George: A. Scott Berg, Wilson (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 2013), 524–525.
261 Clinton confidant Bernie Nussbaum: Rebecca Trasister, “The Best Thing Hillary Could Do for Her Campaign? Drop Bill,” New Republic, May 7, 2015, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/121733/best-thing-hillary-could-do-her-campaign-drop-bill.
264 Gray Panthers in Oregon: Jeff Mapes, “Wyden’s Political Apprenticeship with the Gray Panthers,” Oregonian/Oregon Live, July 24, 2013, http://www.oregonlive.com/mapes/index.ssf/2013/07/wydens_political_apprenticeshi.html.
Chapter 7: Media Politics
267 Buckley on Green: William F. Buckley Jr.: On the Firing Line: The Public Life of Our Public Figures (New York: Random House, 1989), 172–175.
267 prep school days: John B. Judis, William F. Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001), 36.
271 “been destroyed”: J. R. Jones, “The Real Buckley-Vidal Debate Happened on the Page,” Chicago Reader, August 5, 2015.
271 Buckley on Green: Buckley, On the Firing Line, 172–175.
276 segments on Benghazi: Hannah Groch-Begley and Rob Savillo, “Report: Fox’s Benghazi Obsession By the Numbers,” Media Matters for America, September 16, 2014.
277 One 2003 poll: David Brock, The Republican Noise Machine: Right-wing Media and How It Corrupts Democracy (New York: Crown Publishing, 2004), 334.
278 “complete fabrication”: Steve Rendall, “George Washington on Guns . . . According to Sean Hannity,” FAIR, January 9, 2013.
279 “Jebbie says...”: Jill Lepore, “Bad News,” New Yorker, January 20, 2014.
280 Rich is right: Frank Rich, “Stop Beating a Dead Fox,” New York, January 26, 2014.
281 “working the refs”: Eric Alterman, “What Liberal Media?” The Nation, February 6, 2003.
282 Taking Over Air America: Matt Flamm, “Air America Goes Green,” Crain’s New York Business, March 19, 2007, 3.
284 “brainful of joy”: Lizz Winstead, Lizz Free or Die: Essays (New York: Riverhead Books, 2012), 255.
288 “a liberal tendency”: Paul Farhi, “With O’Reilly Joining Peers on Radio, Liberals Are Being Left Out of the Mix,” Los Angeles Times, May 17, 2002.
288 “public good”: John Nichols and Robert W. McChesney, “How to Save Journalism,” The Nation, January 7, 2010.
289 “since Icarus”: Lauren Collins, “The Oracle,” New Yorker, October 13, 2008.
Chapter 8: Economy and Democracy
293 irrational exuberance: William A. Rusher, “Liberalism: Dead Or Alive?,” Ludington Daily News, April 22, 1987, 4.
295 Reagan as actor: See Sean Wilentz, The Age of Reagan: A History, 1974–2008 (New York: HarperCollins, 2008).
298 tactics endorsed: Mark Mazzetti, “Panel Faults C.I.A. Over Brutality and Deceit in Terrorism Interrogations,” New York Times, December 9, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/10/world/senate-intelligence-committee-cia-torture-report.html.
298 Bush’s low polls: Megan Thee-Brenan, “Poll Finds Disapproval of Bush Unwavering,” New York Times, January 16, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/17/us/politics/17poll.html.
298 July 10, 2001, meeting: See The Spymasters, Showtime, 2015.
300 Obama’s successful presidency: For the three best books on this man and his presidency, see: David Axelrod’s Believer: My Forty Years in Politics (2015), Jonathan Alter’s The Center Holds: Obama and His Enemies (2013), and David Remnick’s The Bridge: The Life and Rise of Barack Obama (2010).
301 Not one Republican: An exception appeared as this book went to print: David Brooks, “I Miss Barack Obama,” New York Times, February 9, 2016.
302 Census Bureau report: Sabrina Tavernise, “Whites Account for Under Half of Births in U.S.,” New York Times, May 17, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/17/us/whites-account-for-under-half-of-births-in-us.html.
302 deny public services: Roxanna Kopetman, “Politics, Activism, Families: How Prop. 187 Is Still Felt 20 Years Later,” Orange County Register, October 31, 2014, http://www.ocregister.com/articles/california-640388-prop-state.html.
302 fastest-growing racial cohort: Anna Brown, “U.S. Hispanic and Asian Populations Growing, But for Different Reasons,” Pew Research, June 26, 2014, http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/06/26/u-s-hispanic-and-asian-populations-growing-but-for-different-reasons/.
303 white share of the electorate: Chris Cillizza and Jon Cohen, “President Obama and the White Vote? No Problem,” Washington Post, November 8, 2012, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2012/11/08/president-obama-and-the-white-vote-no-problem/.
303 seemingly homogenously white: Jack Healy, “A Drive for Swing State Votes Has Colorado’s Latinos Listening,” New York Times, May 26, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/27/us/republicans-seek-to-bridge-gap-with-latinos-in-colorado-and-beyond.html.
304 “not especially political”: Jackie Calmes, “To Hold Senate, Democrats Rely on Single Women,” New York Times, July 3, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/03/us/single-women-midterm-elections.html.
304 now number 55 million: Mara Liasson, “All the Single Ladies: 5 Takeaways About Unmarried Female Voters,” New York Times, May 5, 2014, http://www.npr.org/2014/05/05/308955525/all-the-single-ladies-5-takeaways-about-unmarried-women-voters.
305 identifying as Christians dropped: Nate Cohn, “Big Drop in Share of Americans Calling Themselves Christians,” New York Times, May 12, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/12/upshot/big-drop-in-share-of-americans-calling-themselves-christian.html.
305 “cannot overrule God”: Ashley Killough, “Mike Huckabee: The Supreme Court Can’t Overrule God,” CNN, April 29, 2015.
305 more comfortable with a gay president: Trudy Ring, “Poll: Americans Prefer Gay President to Evangelical or Tea Partier,” Advocate, May 6, 2015, http://www.advocate.com/politics/2015/05/06/poll-americans-prefer-gay-president-evangelical-or-tea-partier.
305 trend is even more dramatic: Michael Lipka, “Millennials Are Increasingly Driving Growth of ‘Nones,’” Pew Center Research, May 12, 2015, http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/05/12/millennials-increasingly-are-driving-growth-of-nones/.
305 left their church: Jaweed Kaleem, “One Third of Millennials Who Left Their Religion Did It Because of Anti-Gay Policies: Survey,” Huffington Post, February 26, 2014, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/02/26/millennials-gay-unaffiliated-church-religion_n_4856094.html.
306 “capital in this campaign, political capital”: Richard W. Stevenson, “Confident Bush Outlines Ambitious Plan for Second Term,” New York Times, November 5, 2004, http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/05/politics/campaign/confident-bush-outlines-ambitious-plan-for-2nd-term.html.
306 would be so foolish: Rachel Maddow, “Why Focus Groups’ Incredulity Matters” (blog), MSNBC, July 9, 2012, http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/why-focus-groups-incredulity-matters.
306 David Frum argues that: David Frum, “The Republican Advantage Among Older Voters Won’t Last,” Atlantic, May 14, 2014, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/05/the-republican-advantage-among-older-voters-wont-last/370851/.
307 “Democracy cannot work”: David Moberg, “America’s 200-Year-Long Battle for Workplace Democracy,” In These Times, September 3, 2015, http://inthesetimes.com/article/15546/americas_200_year_long_battle_for_workplace_democracy.
307 slow but steady decline: Steven Greenhouse, “Union Membership in U.S. Fell to a 70-Year Low Last Year,” New York Times, January 21, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/22/business/22union.html.
307 IMF concedes: Michael Hitzik, “IMF Agrees: Decline of Union Power Has Increased Income Inequality,” Los Angeles Times, March 25, 2015, http://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-mh-imf-agrees-loss-of-union-power-20150325-column.html.
307 highest point since 2008: Lydia Saad, “Americans’ Support for Labor Unions Continues to Recover,” Gallup, August 17, 2015, http://www.gallup.com/poll/184622/americans-support-labor-unions-continues-recover.aspx.
308 threatened public sector organizing: Garrett Epps, “The End of Public-Employee Unions?” Atlantic, February 20, 2015, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/02/the-end-of-public-employee-unions/385690/.
308 western New York: Susan Dominus, “What Happened to the Girls in Le Roy,” New York Times Magazine, March 7, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/11/magazine/teenage-girls-twitching-le-roy.html.
309 Frank Rich wrote a classic essay: Whitewash, New York, May 5, 2013, http://nymag.com/news/frank-rich/republicans-civil-rights-2013-5/.
309 American Enterprise Institute scholars: Thomas E. Mann and Norman Ornstein, It’s Even Worse Than It Looks: How the American Constitutional System Collided with the New Politics of Extremism (New York: Basic Books, 2013), xxiv.
310 82 percent of consistent liberals: Norman Ornstein, “Yes, Polarization Is Asymmetric—and Conservatives Are Worse,” Atlantic, June 19, 2014, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/06/yes-polarization-is-asymmetric-and-conservatives-are-worse/373044/.
315 Lowry on conservatism: George Packer, “The Fall of Conservatism,” New Yorker, May 22, 2008, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/05/26/the-fall-of-conservatism.
315 worst showing since 1992: Paul Singer, “Poll: Republican Party Approval Ratings Lowest in Decades,” USA Today, July 24, 2015, http://onpolitics.usatoday.com/2015/07/24/poll-republican-party-approval-ratings-lowest-in-decades/.
315 gap shrank by half: “Liberals Make Big Comeback in 2015,” Wall Street Journal, June 7, 2015, http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2015/06/07/liberals-make-big-comeback-in-2015-poll-analysis-finds/.
315 “concerned about people like me”: Aaron Blake, “Poll: Republicans Seen as More Extreme, Democrats as More Bipartisan,” Washington Post, January 27, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2014/01/27/poll-republicans-seen-as-more-extreme-democrats-as-more-bipartisan/.
315 report in March 2013: Thomas B. Edsall, “The Republican Autopsy Report,” New York Times, March 20, 2013, http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/20/the-republican-autopsy-report/?_r=0.
315 “lost to our party”: David Frum, Comeback: Conservatism That Can Win Again (New York: Broadway Books, 2007), 2.
316 much-heralded book in 2015: N. Gregory Mankiw, “The Conservative Heart, by Arthur C. Brooks,” New York Times, July 28, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/02/books/review/the-conservative-heart-by-arthur-c-brooks.html.
317 send Jews “to the ovens”: Jennifer Shutt, “Mike Huckabee: Obama Marching Israelis ‘To the Door of the Oven,’” Politico, July 26, 2015, http://www.politico.com/story/2015/07/mike-huckabee-iranian-nuclear-deal-120636.
317 the jig’s up: For example, see this comment: “’The Republican Party has never done anything for the working man like me, even though we’ve voted Republican for years,’ said Leo Martin, a 62-year-old machinist,” quoted in Patrick Healy and Jonathan Martin, “Republicans Fearing a Lasting Split as Class Divisions Erupt,” New York Times, January 10, 2016. Generally, see Thomas Frank, What’s the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America (New York: Henry Holt, 2004).
318 freaked out: Jordan Fabian, “Obama Defends Comparing GOP to Iran Hardliners,” The Hill, August 7, 2015, http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/250542-obama-doubles-down-on-comparing-gop-to-iranian-hardliners.
318 19,000 lives now saved: Harold Pollack, Bill Gardner, and Timothy Jost, “Valuing Medicaid,” American Prospect, July 26, 2015.
318 “warrior spirit”: See Paul Waldman, Being Right Is Not Enough: What Progressives Must Learn from Conservative Success (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2006), 19.
318 Republican gains in states: Alec MacGillis, “Who Turned my Blue State Red?” New York Times Sunday Review, November 22, 2015, 4.
320 of marriage equality: David Cole, “The Roberts Court Tunes In to Democracy, For Once,” The Nation, July 2, 2015, http://www.thenation.com/article/the-roberts-court-tunes-in-to-democracy-for-once/.
320 “better outcomes for society”: Binyamin Appelbaum, “Jean Tirole Wins Nobel in Economics for Work on Regulation,” New York Times, October 13, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/14/business/jean-tirole-wins-nobel-prize-in-economics.html.
321 “hands off my Medicare”: Timothy Noah, “The Medicare-Isn’t-Government Meme,” Slate, August 5, 2009, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/prescriptions/2009/08/the_medicareisntgovernment_meme.html.
321 sparing thousands of families: Robert D. McFadden, “Frances Oldham Kelsey, Who Saved U.S. Babies from Thalidomide, Dies at 101,” New York Times, August 7, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/08/science/frances-oldham-kelsey-fda-doctor-who-exposed-danger-of-thalidomide-dies-at-101.html.
324 93 percent of income gains: “Top 1% Got 93% of Income Growth as Rich-Poor Gap Widened,” Bloomberg, October 2, 2012, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-10-02/top-1-got-93-of-income-growth-as-rich-poor-gap-widened.
324 85 richest billionaires: Graeme Wearden, “Oxfam: 85 Richest People as Wealthy as Poorest Half of the World,” Guardian, January 20, 2014.
324 just 47 individuals: Paul Buchheit, “5 Facts About How America Rigged for a Massive Wealth Transfer to the Rich,” Alternet, November 4, 2014, http://www.alternet.org/economy/5-facts-about-how-america-rigged-massive-wealth-transfer-rich.
324 rose 937 percent: Bryce Covert, “CEOS Earn Nearly 300 Times What Their Workers Make,” Think Progress, June 12, 2014, http://thinkprogress.org/economy/2014/06/12/3448115/ceo-worker-pay-ratio/.
324 productivity rose 96 percent: Dean Paton, “Poverty Is Not Inevitable: What We Can Do Now to Turn Things Around,” Bill Moyers.com, August 29, 2014, http://billmoyers.com/2014/08/29/poverty-is-not-inevitable-what-we-can-do-now-to-turn-things-around/.
325 $14 trillion over two years: Mark Gongloff, “The Financial Crisis Cost More Than $14 Trillion: Dallas Fed Study,” Huffington Post, July 30, 2013, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/30/financial-crisis-cost-fed-study_n_3676118.html.
326 Progressive economic program generally: See George Stiglitz, The Great Divide: Unequal Societies and What We Can Do About Them (2013); Robert B. Reich, Saving Capitalism: For the Many, Not the Few (2015); Jeff Madrick, Seven Bad Ideas: How Mainstream Economists have Damaged America and the World (2015); Paul Krugman, “Is Vast Inequality Necessary?” New York Times, January 15, 2016, A31; Patricia Cohen, “Raising Taxes on the Wealthiest Would Pay for Candidates’ Bold Plans,” New York Times, October 17, 2015, B1; Harold Myerson, “Why Democrats Need to Take Sides” American Prospect, July/August 2015, 18.
326 Financial trading tax: Editorial, “The Need for a Financial Trading Tax,” New York Times, January 28, 2016, A26.
327 Wrote one advocate: Paul Buchheit, “Infuriating Facts About Our Disappearing Middle-Class Wealth,” Common Dreams, November 3, 2014, http://www.commondreams.org/views/2014/11/03/infuriating-facts-about-our-disappearing-middle-class-wealth.
327 Profit-sharing: Dan Merica, “Hillary Clinton to Propose 15% Tax Credit for Profit Sharing,” CNN, July 16, 2015, http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/16/politics/hillary-clinton-tax-credit-profit-sharing/.
327 there will be stiff fines: Andrew Sparrow, “’National Living Wage’ Dodgers Face Higher Penalties,” Guardian, August 31, 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/sep/01/national-living-wage-dodgers-face-higher-penalties.
328 “are not frills”: Barack Obama, “Remarks by President Obama at the White House Summit on Working Families,” June 23, 2014, Washington D.C.
328 Guaranteed retirement accounts: Teresa Ghilarducci and Hamilton James, “A Smarter Plan for Retirement,” New York Times, January 1, 2016.
329 only 160 families: Nicholas Confessore, Sarah Cohen, and Karen Yourish, “Small Pool of Rich Donors Dominates Election Giving,” New York Times, August 1, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/02/us/small-pool-of-rich-donors-dominates-election-giving.html.
329 the lowest in 72 years: “The Worst Voter Turnout in 72 Years,” New York Times, November 11, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/12/opinion/the-worst-voter-turnout-in-72-years.html.
329 study out of Loyola: Justin Levitt, “A Comprehensive Investigation of Voter Impersonation Finds 31 Credible Incidents Out of One Billion Ballots Cast,” Washington Post, August 6, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonkblog/wp/2014/08/06/a-comprehensive-investigation-of-voter-impersonation-finds-31-credible-incidents-out-of-one-billion-ballots-cast/.
329 “except refine it”: Henry Demarest Lloyd, “Story of a Great Monopoly,” Atlantic, March 1881, http://www.theatlantic.com/ideastour/markets-morals/lloyd-full.html.
333 eagerly audition: Nicholas Confessore, “Koch Brothers’ Budget of $889 Million for 2016 Is on Par with Both Parties’ Spending,” New York Times, January 26, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/27/us/politics/kochs-plan-to-spend-900-million-on-2016-campaign.html.
333 Justice Kennedy expresses regret: Paul Blumenthal, “Anthony Kennedy’s Citizens United Disclosure Salve ‘Not Working,’” Huffington Post, November 2, 2015.
333 Kennedy, Scalia and Citizens United: See Brennan Center Report, “Six 5-4 Roberts Court Decisions have Transformed Role of Money in Elections,” January 13, 2016.
334 “I want to be a bus driver”: Samuel G. Freedman, “The Other America,” Los Angeles Times, March 3, 1991, http://articles.latimes.com/1991-03-03/books/bk-241_1_alex-kotlowitz.
335 Nixon on blacks: “The Long Dog Whistle,” The Nation, November 9, 2015, 8.
336 Bipartisan push on justice reform: Michael Shear, “Obama Calls for Less Prison and More Fairness in Sentencing Laws,” New York Times, November 3, 2015.
336 20 times wealthier: “About Gun Violence,” Brady Campaign, http://www.bradycampaign.org/about-gun-violence.
336 “Tiller the Baby Killer”: Gabriel Winant, “O’Reilly’s Campaign Against Murdered Doctor,” Salon, Mar
336 “Gospel of Giuliani”: Ta-Nehisi Coates, “The Gospel of Rudy Giuliani,” Atlantic, November 24, 2014.
337 white family is 20 times wealthier: Dave Gilson, “Chart: the Typical White Family is 20 Times Wealthier than the Typical Black Family,” Mother Jones, October 2, 2014, http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2014/10/income-inequality-race-wealth-income.
337 “few avenues of escape”: The Editorial Board, “The Architecture of Segregation,” New York Times, September 5, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/sunday/the-architecture-of-segregation.html;
337 study at the University of Kansas: Jaeah Lee, “Driving While Black Has Actually Gotten More Dangerous in the Last 15 Years,” Mother Jones, April 15, 2015, http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2015/04/north-carolina-traffic-stops.
337 “justice” system: “Criminal Justice Fact Sheet,” NAACP, http://www.naacp.org/pages/criminal-justice-fact-sheet.
337 “Missing Black Men”: Editorial, “The Methodology: 1.5 Million Missing Black Men,” New York Times, April 20, 2015.
338 Comey and body cameras: “Ferguson Effect: Political Lies About Police Brutality,” New York Times, October 27, 2015, A26.
339 heat wave melting pavements: Vivek Nemana, “At least 800 Have Died in a Heat Wave That Has Melted Roads in India,” Business Insider, May 26, 2015, http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-india-heatwave-kills-800-as-capitals-roads-melt-2015-5.
339 half of wildlife lost: Damian Carrington, “Earth Has Lost Half of Its Wildlife in the Past 40 Years, Says WWF,” Guardian, September 30, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/sep/29/earth-lost-50-wildlife-in-40-years-wwf.
339 6.5 feet by the next century: “Sea Level Rise,” National Geographic, http://ocean.nationalgeographic.com/ocean/critical-issues-sea-level-rise/.
339 within just feet of high tide: Justin Gillis, “Rising Sea Levels Seen as Threat to Coastal U.S.,” New York Times, March 13, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/14/science/earth/study-rising-sea-levels-a-risk-to-coastal-states.html.
339 “Five Lies About Tobacco”: Joseph Blast, “Five Lies About Tobacco,” Heartland Institute, July 1998, https://www.heartland.org/policy-documents/july-1998-five-lies-about-tobacco-tobacco-bill-wasnt-about-kids.
339 “For everybody who thinks it’s warming”: Igor Bobic, “Mitch McConnell Shrugs Off Climate Change: ‘Each Side Has Their Scientists,’” Huffington Post, August 20, 2014, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/20/mitch-mcconnell-climate-change_n_5694575.html.
340 In Florida, the terms “climate change”: Tristram Korten, “In Florida, Officials Ban Term ‘Climate Change,’” Miami Herald, March 8, 2015, http://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/article12983720.html.
340 more likely to vote: Coral Davenport and Marjorie Connelly, “Most Republicans Say They Back Climate Action, Poll Finds,” New York Times, January 30, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/31/us/politics/most-americans-support-government-action-on-climate-change-poll-finds.html.
339 Carbon tax: Editorial, “Proof that a Price on Carbon Works,” New York Times, January 29, 2016, A26.
340 “We’re the first generation”: Thomas Friedman, “Memorial Day 2050,” New York Times, May 24, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/25/opinion/sunday/friedman-memorial-day-2050.html.
340 “few people anywhere imagined”: Hendrik Hertzberg, “Obama Wins,” New Yorker, November 17, 2008.
341 USA, USA, USA: Richard Fausset and Alan Blinder, “Era Ends As South Carolina Lowers Confederate Flag,” New York Times, July 10, 2015.