PROLOGUE: THE ISLAMIC STATE OF MINNESOTA
1. Jamie Yuccas, “Minneapolis Has Become Recruiting Ground for Islamic Extremists,” CBS News, August 27, 2014, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/minneapolis-has-become-recruiting-ground-for-islamic-extremists/.
2. Gary Strauss, Donna Leinwand Leger, and Kevin Johnson, “Somalis in U.S. Condemn Kenyan Mall Attack,” USA Today, September 24, 2013, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/09/23/potential-somali-american-involvement-in-kenyai-mall-attack-setting-off-fears-in-us/2856553/.
3. E. A. Torriero, “They’re 100% American, and Pro-Hezbollah: U.S. Scrutiny Resented in Dearborn,” Chicago Tribune, July 27, 2006, http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2006-07-27/news/0607270148_1_hezbollah-israeli-terrorist-organization.
4. David Johnston, “Militants Drew Recruit in U.S., F.B.I. Says,” New York Times, February 23, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/24/washington/24fbi.html?_r=0.
5. Paul McEnroe and Allie Shah, “Sept. 7: Federal Grand Jury Targets Local Terrorist Pipeline,” Star Tribune, September 20, 2014, http://www.startribune.com/local/minneapolis/274233901.html.
6. Holly Yan, Sonia Moghe, and Greg Botelho, “Douglas McAuthur McCain: From American Kid to Jihadi in Syria,” CNN, September 3, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/27/us/who-was-douglas-mccain/.
7. Meg Wagner, “Minnesota Dad-of-Nine Abdirahmaan Muhumed Killed Fighting for ISIS in Syria: Report,” New York Daily News, August 28, 2014, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/american-isis-terrorist-killed-syria-id-report-article-1.1919877.
8. Michael Zennie, “Somali-American Who Died Fighting for ISIS Cleaned Planes for Delta Airlines at Minneapolis Airport before He Joined Terrorist Group,” Daily Mail, September 3, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2742206/Somali-American-died-fighting-ISIS-cleaned-planes-Delta-Airlines-Minneapolis-airport-joined-terrorist-group.html.
9. Bob Fletcher, in interview with the author, September 16, 2014.
10. McEnroe and Shah, “Sept. 7: Federal Grand Jury Targets Local Terrorist Pipeline.”
11. Ibid.
12. Tom Lyden, “Exclusive: Man Booted from Minn. Mosque an ISIS Recruiter or FBI Mole?,” Fox 9 News (Minneapolis-St. Paul), October 5, 2014, http://www.myfoxtwincities.com/story/26469968/man-booted-from-minn-mosque-an-isis-recruiter-or-fbi-mole.
13. Fletcher, interview.
14. Omar Jamal, in interview with the author, September 16, 2014.
15. Kate Raddatz, “Homeland Secretary Visits Mpls. to Discuss Somali Terror Recruitment,” CBS Minnesota, November 7, 2014, http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2014/11/07/homeland-secretary-visits-mpls-to-discuss-somali-terror-recruitment/.
16. Ludovica Iaccino, “Isis and Jihadi Terrorists ‘Post 90 Tweets Every Minute’ to Spread Propaganda,” International Business Times, November 4, 2014, http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/isis-jihadi-terrorists-post-90-tweets-every-minute-spread-propaganda-1473064.
17. Naina Bajekal, “ISIS Mass Beheading Video Took 6 Hours to Film and Multiple Takes,” Time, December 9, 2014, http://time.com/3624976/isis-beheading-technology-video-trac-quilliam/.
18. Erika Solomon, “ISIS Fighters Crave Snacks and Gadgets of the West They Disdain,” Financial Times, November 28, 2014, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/5298d716-758a-11e4-a1a9-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3Ld2iJloI.
19. Ryan Mauro, “ISIS Releases ‘Flames of War’ Feature Film to Intimidate West,” Clarion Project, September 21, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/analysis/isis-releases-flames-war-feature-film-intimidate-west.
20. Joseph A. Carter, Shiraz Maher, and Peter R. Neumann, “#Greenbirds: Measuring Importance and Influence in Syrian Foreign Fighter Networks,” International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence, 2014, http://icsr.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/ICSR-Report-Greenbirds-Measuring-Importance-and-Infleunce-in-Syrian-Foreign-Fighter-Networks.pdf.
21. M. L. Nestel and Rachael Levy, “ISIS Supporters in America: The Jihadis Next Door?,” Vocativ, October 1, 2014, http://www.vocativ.com/usa/nat-sec/isis-america-jihadi-next-door/?page=all.
22. Carter, Maher, and Neumann, “#Greenbirds.”
23. Nestel and Levy, “ISIS Supporters in America.”
24. Matt Zapotosky, “Virginia Woman Accused of Attempting to Aid Islamic State,” Washington Post, November 17, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/va-woman-accused-of-attempting-to-support-isis/2014/11/17/060c250c-6e8b-11e4-893f-86bd390a3340_story.html.
CHAPTER ONE: THE CALIPHATE RETURNS
1. John Hall, “Western Aid ‘Is Funding ISIS Fighters’ because Jihadists Are Demanding Huge Bribes to Let Trucks Carrying Supplies Reach Desperate Families, Official Claims,” Daily Mail, October 20, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2800100/western-aid-funding-isis-fighters-jihadists-demanding-huge-bribes-let-trucks-carrying-supplies-reach-desperate-families-official-claims.html.
2. George Packer, “The Common Enemy,” New Yorker, August 25, 2014, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/08/25/the-common-enemy.
3. Janine di Giovanni, Leah McGrath Goodman, and Damien Sharkov, “How Does ISIS Fund Its Reign of Terror?,” Newsweek, November 6, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/2014/11/14/how-does-isis-fund-its-reign-terror-282607.html.
4. Spencer Ackerman, “Foreign Jihadists Flocking to Iraq and Syria on ‘Unprecedented Scale’—UN,” Guardian, October 30, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isis.
5. Greg Miller, “Airstrikes against Islamic State Do Not Seen [sic] to Have Affected Flow of Fighters to Syria,” Washington Post, October 30, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/airstrikes-against-the-islamic-state-have-not-affected-flow-of-foreign-fighters-to-syria/2014/10/30/aa1f124a-603e-11e4-91f7-5d89b5e8c251_story.html.
6. Athena Yenko, “ISIS Is World [sic] Richest Terrorist Group in History,” International Business Times, November 13, 2014, http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/572651/20141113/isis-forbes-israel-list-ten-richest-terrorist.htm#.VIoNryfQlJk.
7. Martin Chulov, “ISIS: The Inside Story,” Guardian, December 11, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/11/-sp-isis-the-inside-story.
8. Rachel Avraham, “Hezbollah’s War against ISIS,” Foreign Policy Association, August 31, 2014, http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2014/08/31/hezbollahs-war-against-isis/.
9. “ISIS Allegedly Issues ‘Caliphate’ Passport,” Al Arabiya News, July 5, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/07/05/ISIS-allegedly-issues-caliphate-passport.html; Cheryl K. Chumley, “Islamic State Touts $250M Year-End Budget Surplus; Opens Bank,” Washington Times, January 5, 2015, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/5/islamic-state-touts-250m-year-end-budget-surplus-o/; Associated Press, “ISIS Says It Will Create Its Own Currency,” New York Post, November 14, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/11/14/isis-says-it-will-create-its-own-currency/.
10. Raf Sanchez, “Does the Islamic State Have a Scud Missile?,” Telegraph, June 30, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/10936926/Does-the-Islamic-State-have-a-Scud-missile.html.
11. Jeremy Bender, “As ISIS Routs the Iraqi Army, Here’s a Look at What the Jihadists Have in Their Arsenal,” Business Insider, July 8, 2014, http://www.businessinsider.com/isis-military-equipment-breakdown-2014-7?op=1#ixzz3LnUTdS3D.
12. David Majumdar, “U.S. Fighter Jocks Pray the ‘ISIS Air Force’ Rumors Are True,” Daily Beast, October 21, 2014, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/10/21/u-s-fighter-jocks-pray-the-isis-air-force-rumors-are-true.html.
13. Thomas Gibbons-Neff, “Islamic State Has a Guide to Shoot Down Apache Helicopters with MANPADS,” Washington Post, October 28, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2014/10/28/islamic-state-has-a-guide-to-shoot-down-apache-helicopters-with-manpads/.
14. Ted Thornhill, “ISIS Arming Themselves with US-Made Military Hardware to Wage Jihad across the Middle East after Seizing Weapons from Syrian Rebels and Iraqi Soldiers,” Daily Mail, September 9, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2749197/ISIS-arming-US-military-hardware-wage-jihad-Middle-East-seizing-weapons-Syrian-rebels-Iraqi-soldiers.html.
15. Nabih Bulos, Patrick J. McDonnell, and Raja Abdulrahim, “ISIS Weapons Windfall May Alter Balance in Iraq, Syria Conflicts,” Los Angeles Times, June 29, 2014, http://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-iraq-isis-arms-20140629-story.html#page=1.
16. Ibid.
17. Bill Hutchison, “ISIS Seizes Chemical Weapons Depot Near Baghdad, May Have Access to Deadly Sarin Gas Rockets,” New York Daily News, July 9, 2014, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/isis-seizes-chemical-weapons-depot-baghdad-sarin-gas-rockets-article-1.1859934.
18. Matt Schiavenza, “ISIS Captures Iraqi Chemical Weapons Facility,” International Business Times, June 19, 2014, http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-captures-iraqi-chemical-weapons-facility-1606450.
19. Loveday Morris, “Islamic State Militants Allegedly Used Chlorine Gas against Iraqi Security Forces,” Washington Post, October 23, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/islamic-state-militants-allegedly-used-chlorine-gas-against-iraqi-security-forces/2014/10/23/c865c943-1c93-4ac0-a7ed-033218f15cbb_story.html.
20. Alexander Smith, “Nuclear Experts Play Down Threat of Uranium Stolen by ISIS,” NBC News, July 10, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/iraq-turmoil/nuclear-experts-play-down-threat-uranium-stolen-isis-n152926.
21. Adam Kredo, “Report: Islamic State Claims ‘Radioactive Device’ Now in Europe,” Washington Free Beacon, December 8, 2014, http://freebeacon.com/national-security/report-islamic-state-claims-radioactive-device-now-in-europe/.
22. Noah Shachtman, “Hidden Horrors: Western Intelligence Suspects Assad Has a Secret Chemical Stockpile,” Daily Beast, May 1, 2014, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/05/01/western-intelligence-suspects-assad-has-a-secret-chemical-stockpile.html.
23. Annabel Grossman, “ISIS Using Bombs Containing Live Scorpions in Effort to Spread Panic, in Tactics Used 2,000 Years Ago against Romans,” Daily Mail, December 16, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2875968/ISIS-using-bombs-containing-live-SCORPIONS-effort-spread-panic-tactic-used-2-000-years-ago-against-Romans.html.
24. Fred Lucas, “Obama Has Touted al Qaeda’s Demise 32 Times since Benghazi Attack,” CNS News, November 1, 2012, http://cnsnews.com/news/article/obama-touts-al-qaeda-s-demise-32-times-benghazi-attack-0.
25. David Remnick, “Going the Distance: On and Off the Road with Barack Obama,” New Yorker, January 27, 2014, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/01/27/going-the-distance-2?currentPage=all.
26. Marc A. Thiessen, “Obama vs. the Generals,” Washington Post, September 15, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/marc-thiessen-obama-overrules-his-generals-in-fight-against-islamic-state/2014/09/15/0cff59a0-3ce1-11e4-9587-5dafd96295f0_story.html.
27. Terence P. Jeffrey, “Flashback—Obama: ‘We’re Leaving behind a Sovereign, Stable and Self-Reliant Iraq,’” CNS News, June 12, 2014, http://cnsnews.com/news/article/terence-p-jeffrey/flashback-obama-we-re-leaving-behind-sovereign-stable-and-self.
28. Jonathan Karl, “3 Times Obama Administration Was Warned about ISIS Threat,” ABC News, September 29, 2014, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/times-obama-administration-warned-isis-threat/story?id=25843517.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Jeffrey, “Flashback—Obama.”
32. Brendan Bordelon, “Former Iraq Ambassador: Obama ‘Warned by Everybody’ about ISIS, but ‘Did Almost Nothing,’” National Review Online, October 29, 2014, http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/391398/former-iraq-ambassador-obama-warned-everybody-about-isis-did-almost-nothing-brendan.
33. James Franklin Jeffrey, “Behind the U.S. Withdrawal from Iraq: Negotiations Were Repeatedly Disrupted by Obama White House Staffers’ Inaccurate Public Statements,” Wall Street Journal, November 2, 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/james-franklin-jeffrey-behind-the-u-s-withdrawal-from-iraq-1414972705.
34. Mary Anne Weaver, “The Short, Violent Life of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi,” Atlantic, July 1, 2006, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2006/07/the-short-violent-life-of-abu-musab-al-zarqawi/304983/.
35. “ISIS: Portrait of a Jihadi Terrorist Organization,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 2014, http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/Data/articles/Art_20733/101_14_Ef_1329270214.pdf.
36. Weaver, “The Short, Violent Life.”
37. “ISIS: Portrait of a Jihadi Terrorist Organization.”
38. Janine di Giovanni, “Who Is ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi?,” Newsweek, December 8, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/2014/12/19/who-isis-leader-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-290081.html.
39. Ruth Sherlock, “How a Talented Footballer Became World’s Most Wanted Man, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,” Telegraph, November 11, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/10948846/How-a-talented-footballer-became-worlds-most-wanted-man-Abu-Bakr-al-Baghdadi.html.
40. Chulov, “ISIS: The Inside Story.”
41. Sherlock, “How a Talented Footballer.”
42. Di Giovanni, “Who Is ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi?”
43. Chulov, “ISIS: The Inside Story.”
44. Bill Sanderson, “Iraq Insurgency Leader: ‘I’ll See You in New York,’” New York Post, June 14, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/06/14/iraq-insurgency-leader-ill-see-you-in-new-york/.
45. “Profile: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,” BBC, July 5, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-27801676.
46. Di Giovanni, “Who Is ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi?”
47. “US State Department Wants IS Leader Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, Offering $10 Million Reward,” news.com.au, September 26, 2014, http://www.news.com.au/world/us-state-department-wants-is-leader-abu-bakr-albaghdadi-offering-10-million-reward/story-fndir2ev-1227071497608.
48. “ISIS Leader al-Baghdadi: ‘Erupt Volcanoes of Jihad,’” NBC News, November 13, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/isis-leader-al-baghdadi-erupt-volcanoes-jihad-n247801.
49. “ISIS: Portrait of a Jihadi Terrorist Organization.”
50. Michael S. Schmidt, “434 People Killed in Iraq Since U.S. Pulled Out,” New York Times, January 27, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/28/world/middleeast/suicide-bomber-attacks-funeral-procession-in-iraq.html?_r=0.
51. “ISIS: Portrait of a Jihadi Terrorist Organization.”
52. Jessica Lewis, “Al Qaeda in Iraq’s ‘Breaking the Walls’ Campaign Achieves Its Objectives at Abu Ghraib—2013 Iraq Update #30,” Institute for the Study of War, July 28, 2013, http://iswiraq.blogspot.com/2013/07/al-qaeda-in-iraqs-breaking-walls.html.
53. Michael Knights, “ISIL’s Political-Military Power in Iraq,” Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, August 27, 2014, https://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/isils-political-military-power-in-iraq.
54. AFP, “Syria Death Toll Now Exceeds 200,000: Monitor,” Al Arabiya News, December 2, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/12/02/Syria-death-toll-now-exceeds-200-000-monitor-.html.
55. Richard Barrett, “The Islamic State,” Soufan Group, November 2014, http://soufangroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/TSG-The-Islamic-State-Nov14.pdf.
56. “ISIS: Portrait of a Jihadi Terrorist Organization.”
57. Barrett, “The Islamic State.”
58. Paula Astih, “Lebanon Braces for Attacks from ISIS and al-Nusra Front,” Asharq Al-Awsat, December 18, 2014, http://www.aawsat.net/2014/12/article55339612.
59. Aaron Y. Zelin, “Jihad 2020: Assessing al-Qaida’s 20-Year Plan,” World Politics Review, September 11, 2013, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/13208/jihad-2020-assessing-al-qaida-s-20-year-plan.
CHAPTER TWO: HELL AWAITS: WELCOME TO THE ISLAMIC STATE
1. Steven Nabil, in telephone interview with the author, September 24, 2014.
2. Phil Mattingly, “The Phases of Obama’s Iraq War,” Bloomberg, November 11, 2014, http://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2014-11-11/the-phases-of-obamas-iraq-war; “Obama: Iraq Has to Solve Its Own Problems,” Al Jazeera, June 14, 2014, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2014/06/obama-iraq-solve-own-problems-201461316139782530.html.
3. “Obama: Iraq Has to Solve Its Own Problems.”
4. Rebecca Collard, “Why Iraq Is So Desperate to Retake Mosul Dam from ISIS,” Time, August 16, 2014, http://time.com/3126423/iraq-isis-mosul-dam-airstrikes/.
5. Fazel Hawramy, “Kurdish Pershmerga [sic] Forces Prepare Escape Route for Yazidis Trapped in Sinjar,” Guardian, December 19, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/19/kurdish-pershmerga-yazidis-safe-escape-route-sinjar-isis.
6. Loveday Morris, “Iraqi Yazidis Stranded on Isolated Mountaintop Begin to Die of Thirst,” Washington Post, August 5, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/iraqi-yazidis-stranded-on-isolated-mountaintop-begin-to-die-of-thirst/2014/08/05/57cca985-3396-41bd-8163-7a52e5e72064_story.html.
7. Haroon Siddique, “20,000 Iraqis Besieged by ISIS Escape from Mountain after US Air Strikes,” Guardian, August 10, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/10/iraq-yazidi-isis-jihadists-islamic-state-kurds.
8. “Obama Says Militant Siege Broken—but Iraq Mission Not over Yet,” Fox News, August 14, 2014, http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/08/14/obama-us-has-broken-iraqi-militant-siege-rescue-effort-not-needed/; Hawramy, “Kurdish Pershmerga [sic] Forces Prepare Escape Route.”
9. Mark Landler and Eric Schmitt, “ISIS Says It Killed Steven Sotloff after U.S. Strikes in Northern Iraq,” New York Times, September 2, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/03/world/middleeast/steven-sotloff-isis-execution.html?_r=0.
10. Ashley Killough, “Strong Reaction to Obama Statement: ‘ISIL Is Not Islamic,’” CNN, September 11, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/10/politics/obama-isil-not-islamic/.
11. Charlie Spiering, “Obama: ISIS Beheadings ‘Represent No Faith, Least of All the Muslim Faith,” Breitbart, November 17, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2014/11/17/obama-isis-beheadings-represent-no-faith-least-of-all-the-muslim-faith/.
12. Barack Obama, “Remarks by the President on a New Beginning,” WhiteHouse.gov, June 4, 2009, http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-cairo-university-6-04-09.
13. Barack Obama, “Remarks by the President to the UN General Assembly,” WhiteHouse.gov, September 25, 2012, http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/09/25/remarks-president-un-general-assembly.
14. Yoel Natan, “164 Jihad Verses in the Koran,” Answering Islam, 2004, http://www.answering-islam.org/Quran/Themes/jihad_passages.html.
15. Daniel Pipes, “How Many Islamists?,” Daniel Pipes Middle East Forum, January 26, 2013, http://www.danielpipes.org/blog/2003/10/how-many-islamists; Nathan Lean, “Stop Saying ‘Moderate Muslims.’ You’re Only Empowering Islamophobes,” New Republic, June 25, 2014, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/118391/troubling-phrase-moderate-muslims-only-empowers-islamophobes.
16. Jeremy Diamond, “Poll: Most Americans Believe ISIS Serious Threat,” CNN, November 24, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/11/24/politics/isis-november-poll/.
17. Mark Murray, “Poll: Americans Want Boots on the Ground against ISIS,” MSNBC, October 15, 2014, http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/isis-poll-americans-want-boots-on-the-ground.
18. “Obama Warns Defeating ISIS Won’t Be Quick,” NBC News, August 26, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/iraq-turmoil/obama-warns-defeating-isis-wont-be-quick-n189356.
19. Dave Boyer, “Obama Confesses: ‘We Don’t Have a Strategy Yet’ for Islamic State,” Washington Times, August 28, 2014, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/aug/28/obama-admits-isil-dilemma-we-dont-have-strategy-ye/?page=all.
20. “Presidential Daily Briefs: A Time-Based Analysis,” Government Accountability Institute, September 2014, http://www.g-a-i.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/GAI-Report-PDB-Update-9.29.2014.pdf.
21. Wynton Hall, “Report: Obama Has Missed Over Half His Second-Term Daily Intel Briefings,” Breitbart, September 29, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2014/09/29/report-obama-has-missed-over-half-his-second-term-daily-intel-briefings/.
22. Jennifer Epstein, “Barack Obama’s Long Walks Spoiled,” Politico, August 24, 2014, http://www.politico.com/story/2014/08/barack-obama-criticism-110296.html.
23. Missy Ryan and Erin Cunningham, “U.S. Advisers in Iraq Stay Out of Combat but See Fighting Edging Closer,” Washington Post, January 1, 2015, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-advisers-in-iraq-stay-out-of-combat-but-see-fight-edge-nearer/2015/01/01/6da57c3a-9038-11e4-ba53-a477d66580ed_story.html.
24. Ibid.
25. Nicholas Watt, “Defeat of ISIS Cannot Be Achieved without Ground Troops, Says Tony Blair,” Guardian, September 21, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/sep/22/blair-defeat-isis-ground-troops.
26. Ryan and Cunningham, “U.S. Advisers in Iraq.”
27. “US Flies Roughly 85 Percent of Airstrikes against Islamic State, in Complex Mix of Tactics, Politics,” Fox News, November 30, 2014, http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/11/30/us-outpaces-allies-in-airstrike-in-iraq-syria/.
28. Josh Rogin and Eli Lake, “Iran-Backed Militias Are Getting U.S. Weapons,” Bloomberg, January 8, 2015, http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-01-08/iranbacked-militias-are-getting-us-weapons-in-iraq.
29. Martha Ann Overland, “U.S. Strikes Have Killed 1,100 ISIS Fighters and Cost $1 Billion,” NPR, December 24, 2014, http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/12/24/372168736/u-s-strikes-have-killed-1-100-isis-fighters-and-cost-1-billion.
30. Hollie McKay, “Iraq’s Peshmerga Desperate for US Arms in Fight against ISIS,” Fox News, January 3, 2015, http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/01/03/iraq-peshmerga-desperate-for-us-arms-in-fight-against-isis/.
31. Agence France-Presse, “Kurdish Peshmerga Forces Launch Offensive to Retake ISIS Held Areas,” Guardian, December 17, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/17/kurds-peshmerga-offensive-isis-sinjar-territory-mosul.
32. Agence France Presse, “Kurds Push Back ISIS in Syria’s Kobani: Activists,” Daily Star (Lebanon), January 5, 2015, http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Jan-05/283114-kurds-push-back-isis-in-syrias-kobani-activists.ashx.
33. Reuters, “‘Islamic State Seeking Bases inside Lebanon,’” Jerusalem Post, January 3, 2015, http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Islamic-State-seeking-bases-inside-Lebanon-386552.
34. Erin Banco, “ISIS Destroys at Least Six Border Control Stations on Jordan-Iraq Border,” International Business Times, December 16, 2014, http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-destroys-least-six-border-control-stations-jordan-iraq-border-1759922.
35. Alessandria Masi, “ISIS Claims Attack on Saudi Arabian Border, Signals Strategy Change in Militant Infiltration,” International Business Times, January 5, 2015, http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-claims-attack-saudi-arabia-border-signals-strategy-change-militant-infiltration-1773754.
36. Damien Sharkov, “Saudi Arabia Constructing 600-Mile Wall to Keep Out ISIS,” Newsweek, January 15, 2015, http://www.newsweek.com/saudi-arabia-constructing-600-mile-long-wall-keep-isis-out-299664.
37. John Hall, “ISIS Signs Up More than 6,000 New Recruits Since American Airstrikes Began, As France Makes Ruling on Groups [sic] Name and Says It Will Start Calling Them Derogatory ‘Daesh Cutthroats,’” Daily Mail, September 18, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2760644/ISIS-signs-6-000-new-recruits-American-airstrikes-began-France-says-start-calling-group-derogatory-Daesh-cutthroats.html.
38. Greg Miller, “Airstrikes against Islamic State Do Not Seen [sic] to Have Affected Flow of Fighters to Syria,” Washington Post, October 30, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/airstrikes-against-the-islamic-state-have-not-affected-flow-of-foreign-fighters-to-syria/2014/10/30/aa1f124a-603e-11e4-91f7-5d89b5e8c251_story.html.
39. Laura Dean, “Allegiance to ISIS: Egypt’s Ansar Beit al-Maqdis Pledges Support,” NBC News, November 12, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/allegiance-isis-egypts-ansar-beit-al-maqdis-pledges-support-n246741.
40. Ibid; “Video Shows Beheading of Four Egyptians in Sinai,” Al Arabiya News, August 28, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/08/28/Sinai-militants-claim-beheading-of-4-Egyptians.html.
41. Mirco Keilberth, Juliane von Mittelstaedt, and Christoph Reuter, “The ‘Caliphate’s’ Colonies: Islamic State’s Gradual Expansion into North Africa,” Spiegel, November 18, 2014, http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-expanding-into-north-africa-a-1003525.html.
42. Ibid.
43. Reuters, “Algeria Says It Killed Leader of ISIS-Linked Group behind French Tourist’s Beheading,” NBC News, December 23, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/algeria-says-it-killed-leader-isis-linked-group-behind-french-n273666.
44. “Pakistan Taliban Sack Spokesman Shahidullah Shahid for IS Vow,” BBC October 21, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-29640242?ns_mchannel=social&ns_campaign=bbc_news_asia&ns_source=twitter&ns_linkname=news_central.
45. Ryan Mauro, “Exclusive: Terror Org. Harbored by Pakistani Gov’t Now Backs ISIS,” Clarion Project, December 29, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/analysis/exclusive-terror-org-harbored-pakistani-govt-now-backs-isis.
46. Tim Arango, “Escaping Death in Northern Iraq,” New York Times, September 3, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/04/world/middleeast/surviving-isis-massacre-iraq-video.html?_r=1.
47. Meg Wagner, “‘I Had a Great Will to Live’: Lone Survivor of ISIS Massacre That Killed as Many as 560 Played Dead to Escape Terrorists,” New York Daily News, September 4, 2014, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/lone-survivor-isis-massacre-played-dead-report-article-1.1927471.
48. Ivan Watson, “‘They Would Torture You’: ISIS Prisoners Reveal Life inside Terror Group,” CNN, October 28, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/28/world/meast/syria-isis-prisoners-watson/index.html?iid=article_sidebar.
49. “Islamic State Executed Nearly 2,000 People in Six Months: Monitor,” Reuters, December 28, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/12/28/us-mideast-crisis-casualties-idUSKBN0K60EK20141228.
50. Sam Greenhill, “‘There Are Hundreds of Bodies with Their Heads Cut Off . . . They Put Their Heads on Display to Scare Us’: Survivors of Kobane Massacre Reveal the Brutality of ISIS Rampage in Syrian Border Town,” Daily Mail, October 12, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2790296/blood-curdling-screams-headless-bodies-siege-town-mail-man-sam-greenhill-reports-frontline-jihadi-squads-lie-wait-western-hostages.html.
51. Richard Barrett, “The Islamic State,” Soufan Group, November 2014, http://soufangroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/TSG-The-Islamic-State-Nov14.pdf.
52. Ibid.
53. Duncan Gardham, “Exclusive: Grinning ISIS Commander Who Recruits Jihadis from Home Counties Taunts Britain ‘from beyond the Grave,’” Daily Mail, updated November 21, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2839307/Grinning-ISIS-commander-recruits-jihadis-Home-Counties-taunts-Britain-grave.html.
54. Cheryl K. Chumley, “Islamic State Touts $250M Year-End Budget Surplus; Opens Bank,” Washington Times, January 5, 2015, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/5/islamic-state-touts-250m-year-end-budget-surplus-o/.
55. Karen Leigh, “ISIS Makes Up to $3 Million a Day Selling Oil, Say Analysts,” ABC News, August 2, 2014, http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-makes-million-day-selling-oil-analysts/story?id=24814359.
56. S. B., “Where Islamic State Gets Its Money,” Economist, January 4, 2015, http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2015/01/economist-explains.
57. Rukmini Callimachi, “Paying Ransoms, Europe Bankrolls Qaeda Terror,” New York Times, July 29, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/30/world/africa/ransoming-citizens-europe-becomes-al-qaedas-patron.html?_r=0&gwh=95C631B187E675A4006B7E85996ACBFA&gwt=pay&assetType=nyt_now.
58. Matthew Levitt and Lori Plotkin Boghardt, “Funding ISIS (Infographic),” Washington Institute, September 12, 2014, https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/funding-isis-infographic.
59. S. B., “Where Islamic State Gets Its Money.”
60. Cathy Otten, “Last Remaining Christians Flee Iraq’s Mosul,” Al Jazeera, July 22, 2014, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/07/last-remaining-christians-flee-iraq-mosul-201472118235739663.html.
61. Sharona Schwartz, “This Is Not a One-Eyed Smiley Face, It’s a Symbol of Frightening Things Happening to Middle East Christians,” TheBlaze, September 24, 2014, http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/09/24/this-is-not-a-one-eyed-smiley-face-its-a-symbol-of-frightening-things-happening-to-middle-east-christians/.
62. Perry Chiaramonte, “ISIS Reportedly Selling Christian Artifacts, Turning Churches into Torture Chambers,” Fox News, December 23, 2014, http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/12/22/isis-reportedly-selling-christian-artifacts-turning-churches-into-torture-1596164509/?intcmp=trending.
63. Tera Dahl, “After 2,000 Years, the Last Christian Is Forced to Leave Mosul,” Breitbart, July 20, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2014/07/20/after-2-000-years-the-last-christian-is-forced-to-leave-mosul/.
64. Chris Mitchell, “Before Being Killed, the Children Told ISIS: ‘No, We Love Yeshua,’” CBN News, November 6, 2014, http://blogs.cbn.com/jerusalemdateline/archive/2014/11/06/before-being-killed-the-children-told-isis-no-we-love.aspx.
65. “17-Year Old Boy Crucified by ISIS in Raqqa,” Clarion Project, October 20, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/news/islamic-state-crucifies-17-year-old-boy-raqqa.
66. “Video: Father Helps ISIS Militants Stone Daughter as per Sharia,” Clarion Project, October 21, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/news/video-islamic-state-stones-young-woman-accused-adultery#.
67. Ivan Watson, “‘Treated like Cattle’: Yazidi Women Sold, Raped, Enslaved by ISIS,” CNN, October 30, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/30/world/meast/isis-female-slaves/.
68. Aki Peritz and Tara Maller, “The Islamic State of Sexual Violence,” Foreign Policy, September 16, 2014, http://foreignpolicy.com/2014/09/16/the-islamic-state-of-sexual-violence/.
69. Nick Squires, “Yazidi Girl Tells of Horrific Ordeal as ISIL Sex Slave,” Telegraph, September 7, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/11080165/Yazidi-girl-tells-of-horrific-ordeal-as-Isil-sex-slave.html.
70. “French, British IS Fighters Discuss Use of Yazidi Women as Sex Slaves,” MEMRI (Special Dispatch No. 5833), September 3, 2014, http://www.memri.org/report/en/print8135.htm.
71. Dov Lieber, “ISIS Published Female Sex Slave Handbook,” Jerusalem Post, December 13, 2014, http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/ISIS-published-female-sex-slave-handbook-384510.
72. Sharona Schwartz, “Islamic State Fighters Accused of Raping ‘Thousands of Women’ and Girls as Young as Age Nine,” TheBlaze, September 23, 2014, http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/09/23/islamic-state-fighters-accused-of-raping-thousands-of-women-and-girls-as-young-as-age-9/.
73. Omar Abdullah, “ISIS Teaches Children How to Behead in Training Camps,” ABC News, September 6, 2014, http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-teaches-children-behead-training-camps/story?id=25303940.
74. Jennifer Newton, “Forced to Watch Crucifixions, Stonings, and Beheadings and Taught to Fire Machine Guns as Big as They Are: How Islamic State Training Camps for Children Are Swelling Its Ranks with Junior Jihadis,” Daily Mail, August 30, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2738469/Forced-watch-crucifixions-stonings-beheadings-taught-fire-machine-guns-big-How-Islamic-State-training-camps-children-swelling-ranks-junior-jihadis.html.
75. Mangala Dilip, “ISIS Releases Jihadi Mothers’ Handbook on How to Raise Terrorists,” International Business Times, January 1, 2015, http://www.ibtimes.co.in/isis-releases-jihadi-mothers-handbook-how-raise-terrorists-618978.
CHAPTER THREE: TARGET AMERICA: WHY YOU SHOULD CARE ABOUT ISIS
1. Greg Botelho and Jim Sciutto, “Slain ISIS Jihadi among More than 100 Americans Fighting with Militants in Syria,” CNN, August 28, 2014, http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/26/world/meast/syria-american-killed/.
2. Maggie Ybarra, “Intel Believes 300 Americans Fighting with Islamic State, Posing Threat to U.S.: American Militants Could Commit Terrorist Attacks with Skills Acquired in Iraq, Syria,” Washington Times, August 26, 2014, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/aug/26/us-citizens-joining-islamic-state-pose-major-threa/?page=all.
3. David Chazan, “Brussels Museum Shooting Suspect ‘Beheaded Baby,’” Telegraph, September 7, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/11080079/Brussels-museum-shooting-suspect-beheaded-baby.html.
4. “The American Face of Foreign Terror Recruits,” Anti-Defamation League, September 5, 2014, http://blog.adl.org/extremism/american-recruits-to-terror-abroad-isis.
5. “FBI Director: We Know the Americans Fighting in Syria,” CBS News, October 3, 2014, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/fbi-director-james-comey-we-know-the-americans-fighting-in-syria/.
6. Zeke J. Miller, “Some Americans Fighting with Terror Groups Have Returned to the U.S., Obama Administration Says,” Time, September 22, 2014, http://time.com/3418455/isis-isil-barack-obama-us/.
7. “FBI Director: We Know the Americans.”
8. Adam Goldman and Greg Miller, “American Suicide Bomber’s Travels in U.S., Middle East Went Unmonitored,” Washington Post, October 11, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/american-suicide-bombers-travels-in-us-middle-east-went-unmonitored/2014/10/11/38a3228e-4fe8-11e4-aa5e-7153e466a02d_story.html.
9. Adam Kredo, “Dem Rep: 40 American ISIL Fighters Have Already Returned to the United States: These Individuals under Surveillance, ‘Being Tracked’ by the FBI,” Washington Free Beacon, September 19, 2014, http://freebeacon.com/national-security/dem-rep-40-american-isil-fighters-have-already-returned-to-the-united-states/.
10. Brian Fairchild, in e-mail interview with the author, October 2, 2014.
11. Erick Stakelbeck, The Terrorist Next Door: How the Government Is Deceiving You about the Islamist Threat (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2011), 49–50.
12. Rukmini Callimachi, “Terrorists Used New Tactic to Spare Some Muslims,” Associated Press, September 29, 2013, http://bigstory.ap.org/article/terrorists-used-new-tactic-spare-some-muslims.
13. “Sydney Siege: Two Hostages and Gunman Dead after Heavily Armed Police Storm Lindt Cafe in Martin Place,” ABC News, December 16, 2014, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-16/sydney-siege-gunman-two-hostages-dead/5969162.
14. Chris Spargo, “ISIS Urges Muslims to ‘Kill Disbelievers’ and Calls Secretary of State John Kerry an ‘Old Uncircumcised Geezer’ in Latest Audio Release,” Daily Mail, September 22, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2764736/ISIS-urges-Muslims-kill-disbelievers-calls-Secretary-State-John-Kerry-old-uncircumcised-geezer-latest-audio-release.html.
15. Jana Winter, “Law Enforcement Bulletin Warned of ISIS Urging Jihad Attacks on US Soil,” Fox News, September 18, 2014, http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/09/17/law-enforcement-bulletin-warned-isis-urging-jihad-attacks-on-us-soil/.
16. Jessica Zuckerman, Steven P. Bucci, and James Jay Carafano, “60 Terrorist Plots since 9/11: Continued Lessons in Domestic Counterterrorism,” Special Report #137 on Terrorism, The Heritage Foundation, July 22, 2013, http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2013/07/60-terrorist-plots-since-911-continued-lessons-in-domestic-counterterrorism.
17. Eric Owens, “Don’t Be Alarmed but Some Arab Guy Walked into a High School Asking ‘Suspicious’ Questions,” Daily Caller, October 2, 2014, http://dailycaller.com/2014/10/02/dont-be-alarmed-but-some-arab-guy-walked-into-a-high-school-asking-suspicious-questions/.
18. Ibid.
19. Meg Wagner, “Australian Police Kill Teen Terror Suspect Who Stabbed Officers, Foiling Plot to Behead Cops, Wrap Bodies in ISIS Flag: Officials,” New York Daily News, September 24, 2014, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/australian-police-kill-teen-terror-suspect-wanted-behead-cops-report-article-1.1950841.
20. AP and AFP, “IS Ordered ‘Demonstration Killings’ in Australia, Says PM,” Times of Israel, September 18, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/australian-pm-is-ordered-demonstration-killings-in-country/.
21. Stewart Bell, “Soldier Dies after Being Run Down in Suspected Terror Attack Near Montreal: Martin ‘Ahmad’ Rouleau Killed after High-Speed Chase,” National Post (Canada), October 20, 2014, http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/10/20/driver-who-ran-into-canadian-soldiers-near-montreal-was-known-to-counter-terrorism-officials-rcmp/.
22. Tristin Hopper, “What Exactly Happened When Martin Rouleau Was Lying in Wait to Run CF Members Over?,” National Post (Canada), October 21, 2014, http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/10/21/what-exactly-happened-when-martin-rouleau-was-lying-in-wait-to-run-cf-members-over/.
23. Jon Williams et al., “Canada PM Calls Parliament Shooting a ‘Terrorist’ Act,” ABC News, October 22, 2014, http://abcnews.go.com/International/canada-pm-calls-parliament-shooting-terrorist-act/story?id=26372013&page=2.
24. Les Whittington and Joanna Smith, “Cpl. Nathan Cirillo of Hamilton Identified as Soldier Gunned Down in Ottawa Attack,” Toronto Star, October 22, 2014, http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2014/10/22/one_person_shot_at_war_memorial_in_ottawa_police_say.html.
25. Brandon Darby, “Exclusive Leak: FBI Report Warns of Potential Homegrown ISIS Attacks against Law Enforcement in US,” Breitbart, October 23, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-Texas/2014/10/23/FBI-Report-Warns-of-Potential-Homegrown-ISIS-Attacks-Against-Law-Enforcement-in-US.
26. Jonathan Dienst, “Bratton: Hatchet Attack on Cops Was a Lone Wolf ‘Act of Terror,’” NBC New York, October 29, 2014, http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Motive-Hatchet-Attack-NYPD-Zale-Thompson-Ax-Queens-Motive-280312192.html.
27. Olivier Guitta, “Stopping the Lone Jihadi,” National Post (Canada), October 30, 2014, http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2014/10/30/olivier-guitta-stopping-the-lone-jihadi/.
28. Ashley Fantz, Pamela Brown, and Aaron Cooper, “Police: Seattle Man’s Hatred of U.S. Foreign Policy Motivated Killings,” CNN, September 16, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/16/justice/ali-brown-charges-killing-spree/.
29. Fred Fleitz, “The Tevlin Murder: Another Sign of the President’s Denial of the Radical Islamist/Sharia Threat,” Center for Security Policy, September 15, 2014, http://www.centerforsecuritypolicy.org/2014/09/15/the-tevlin-murder-another-sign-of-the-presidents-denial-of-the-radical-islamistsharia-threat/.
30. “Yemeni al-Qaeda Claims French Magazine Attack,” Al Jazeera, January 10, 2015, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2015/01/yemeni-al-qaeda-claims-french-magazine-attack-201511073656841867.html.
31. Simon Tomlinson, “More Questions Emerge over How Paris Jihadists Were Able to Operate amid Revelations Deli Killer Was on U.S. Watch List,” Daily Mail, January 13, 2015, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2907921/Further-questions-raised-Paris-jihadists-able-operate-s-revealed-Paris-deli-killer-U-S-terror-watch-list.html.
32. Rose Troup Buchanan, “Amedy Coulibaly Shot Dead by French Police in Hail of 40 Bullets during Paris Kosher Market Siege,” Independent (UK), January 12, 2015, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/amedy-coulibaly-shot-dead-by-french-police-in-hail-of-40-bullets-during-paris-kosher-market-siege-9971694.html.
33. Julian Borger, “Paris Gunman Amedy Coulibaly Declared Allegiance to ISIS,” Guardian, January 11, 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/11/paris-gunman-amedy-coulibaly-allegiance-isis; Rowan Scarborough, “Islamic State Launches Social Media Campaign to Unleash ‘City Wolves,’” Washington Times, January 13, 2015, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/13/islamic-state-launches-new-jihad-kill-westerners-h/.
34. Dan Bilefsky and Maïa de la Baume, “In a Video, ISIS Fighters Call for Attacks in France,” New York Times, November 20, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/21/world/europe/video-shows-french-isis-fighters-calling-for-attacks-in-france.html?_r=1; Rowan Scarborough, “Islamic State Launches Social Media Campaign to Unleash ‘City Wolves,’” Washington Times, January 13, 2015, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/13/islamic-state-launches-new-jihad-kill-westerners-h/.
35. Paul Cruickshank, Mariano Castillo, and Catherine E. Shoichet, “Belgian Operation Thwarted ‘Major Terrorist Attacks,’ Kills 2 Suspects,” CNN, January 15, 2015, http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/15/world/belgium-anti-terror-operation/.
36. Patrick Poole, “‘Lone Wolf’ or ‘Known Wolf’? The Ongoing Counter-Terrorism Failure: An Extensive Report Shows How U.S. Law Enforcement Missteps and Dangerous Policies Keep Getting People Killed,” PJ Media, October 24, 2014, http://pjmedia.com/blog/lone-wolf-or-known-wolf-the-ongoing-counter-terrorism-failure/?singlepage=true.
37. Neil Munro, “Border Meltdown: Obama Delivering 290,000 Illegals to U.S. Homes,” Daily Caller, July 5, 2014, http://dailycaller.com/2014/07/05/border-meltdown-obama-delivering-290000-illegals-to-u-s-homes/.
38. Edwin Mora, “474 Illegals from Terrorism-Linked Countries Apprehended in 2014 Alone,” Breitbart, September 19, 2014, http://cdn.breitbart.com/Big-Peace/2014/09/18/474-Aliens-From-Terrorism-Linked-Countries-Apprehended-in-2014-Alone.
39. Eric Bradner, “Top Homeland Security Official: ISIS Hasn’t Crossed Border into U.S.,” CNN, October 8, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/08/politics/jeh-johnson-duncan-hunter-isis/.
40. Rebecca Kaplan, “Homeland Security Says Terrorists Haven’t Crossed U.S.-Mexico Border,” CBS News, October 9, 2014, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/homeland-security-says-terrorists-havent-crossed-us-mexico-border/.
41. “GOP Rep: ISIS, Mexican Drug Cartels Are ‘Talking to Each Other,’” Breitbart, August 20, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-TV/2014/08/20/GOP-Rep-ISIS-and-Mexican-Drug-Cartels-Are-Talking-to-Each-Other.
42. Ashley Killough, “Rick Perry: It’s Possible ISIS Has Crossed Southern Border,” CNN, August 21, 2014, http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2014/08/21/rick-perry-its-possible-isis-has-crossed-southern-border/.
43. Terence P. Jeffrey, “Joint Chiefs Chair, ‘Open Borders and Immigration Issues’ Make ISIL ‘Immediate Threat,’” CNS News, August 22, 2014, http://cnsnews.com/news/article/terence-p-jeffrey/joint-chiefs-chair-open-borders-and-immigration-issues-make-isil.
44. “EXCLUSIVE: Hezbollah Uses Mexican Drug Routes into U.S.,” Washington Times, March 27, 2009, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/mar/27/hezbollah-uses-mexican-drug-routes-into-us/?page=all.
45. Jessica Vaughan, “ICE Enforcement Collapses Further in 2014,” Center for Immigration Studies, October 2014, http://cis.org/ICE-Enforcement-Collapses-Further-2014.
46. Fairchild, e-mail interview.
47. Dale Hurd, “Chemical ISIS? New Photos Tell Disturbing Story,” CBN News, October 15, 2014, http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2014/October/Photos-Suggest-ISIS-May-Have-Chemical-Weapons/.
48. Harald Doornbos and Jenan Moussa, “Found: The Islamic State’s Terror Laptop of Doom: Buried in a Dell Computer Captured in Syria Are Lessons for Making Bubonic Plague Bombs and Missives on Using Weapons of Mass Destruction,” Foreign Policy, August 28, 2014, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2014/08/28/found_the_islamic_state_terror_laptop_of_doom_bubonic_plague_weapons_of_mass_destruction_exclusive.
CHAPTER FOUR: HEARTLAND HORROR: THE AMERICAN RECRUITS
1. Jenny Deam, “Colorado Woman’s Quest for Jihad Baffles Neighbors,” Los Angeles Times, July 25, 2014, http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-high-school-jihadi-20140726-story.html#page=1.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Kirk Mitchell, “Arvada Teen Jihadist ‘Wannabe’ Pleads Guilty to Terror Charge,” Denver Post, September 10, 2014, http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_26504683/arvada-jihadist-wannabe-set-plead-guilty-terror-charge.
5. Anna Nemtsova, “Inside the Minds of Russia’s Black Widows,” Daily Beast, August 26, 2013, http://www.thedailybeast.com/witw/articles/2013/08/26/a-mother-s-despair-chechen-and-dagestani-mothers-radicalize-after-losing-sons-and-husbands-to-war-with-russia.html.
6. Deam, “Colorado Woman’s Quest.”
7. Bill Chappell, “4-Year Prison Term for Colorado Woman over Plot to Join ISIS,” NPR, January 23, 2015, http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/01/23/379466005/4-year-prison-term-for-colorado-woman-over-plot-to-join-isis.
8. Mitchell, “Arvada Teen Jihadist ‘Wannabe.’”
9. Associated Press, “Denver Teens Encouraged to Join ISIS by ‘Online Predator’, Friends Say,” Guardian, October 23, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/oct/23/denver-teens-isis-online-predator.
10. Alessandria Masi, “ISIS Female Recruitment Campaign Could Have Inspired Three American Teenage Girls to Join ISIS in Syria,” International Business Times, October 21, 2014, http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-female-recruitment-campaign-could-have-inspired-three-american-teenage-girls-join-1709185.
11. Alistair Bell, “Female Jihadists from U.S. Heartland Join ISIS,” Reuters/Al Arabiya News, September 15, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/09/15/Female-jihadists-from-U-S-heartland-join-ISIS.html.
12. Bob Fletcher, in interview with the author, September 16, 2014.
13. Harriet Sherwood et al., “Schoolgirl Jihadis: The Female Islamists Leaving Home to Join ISIS Fighters,” Guardian, September 29, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/29/schoolgirl-jihadis-female-islamists-leaving-home-join-isis-iraq-syria.
14. Ibid.
15. Natasha Culzac, “ISIS: British Women Led by Aqsa Mahmood ‘Running Sharia Police Unit for Islamic State in Syria,’” Independent (UK), September 8, 2014, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-british-women-running-sharia-police-unit-for-islamic-state-in-syria-9717510.html.
16. “UK Female Jihadists Run ISIS Sex-Slave Brothels,” Al Arabiya News, September 12, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/variety/2014/09/12/UK-female-jihadists-run-ISIS-sex-slave-brothels.html.
17. Sherwood et al. “Schoolgirl Jihadis.”
18. Ibid.
19. “ISIS Fighters Open ‘Marriage Bureau,’” Al Arabiya News, July 28, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/variety/2014/07/28/Marry-me-ISIS-fighters-open-marriage-bureau-.html.
20. Elizabeth Kulze and Gilad Siloach, “ISIS Opens a Jihadi Finishing School for Women,” Vocativ, October 17, 2014, http://www.vocativ.com/world/isis-2/isis-opens-jihadi-finishing-school-women/.
21. Ibid.
22. Chris Perez, “Pregnant Austrian Teens in ISIS: We’ve Made a Huge Mistake,” New York Post, October 10, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/10/10/pregnant-teen-girls-who-joined-isis-weve-made-a-huge-mistake/.
23. Ibid.
24. Chris Perez, “Teen Who Joined ISIS: ‘Here I Can Really Be Free,’” New York Post, October 27, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/10/27/austrian-teen-who-joined-isis-here-i-can-really-be-free/.
25. Nick Squires, Rome, and agencies, “Austrian Teenage Girl Jihadist ‘Killed in Syria,’” Telegraph, September 15, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/austria/11098039/Austrian-teenage-girl-jihadist-killed-in-Syria.html.
26. AFP, “Austria Stops School Girls Going to Syria,” Al Arabiya News, September 10, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/world/2014/09/10/Austria-stops-school-girls-going-to-Syria-.html.
27. Graeme Wood, “The Three Types of People Who Fight for ISIS: A Breakdown of the Most Evil Group on the Planet,” New Republic, September 10, 2014, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/119395/isiss-three-types-fighters.
28. Erick Stakelbeck, The Terrorist Next Door: How the Government Is Deceiving You about the Islamist Threat (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2011), 114–15.
29. Ibid., 114–16.
30. Patrick Howley, “‘Sharia Law Is Coming!!!!’ Oklahoma Beheader Celebrated Terrorists, Disparaged Non-Muslims on Facebook,” Daily Caller, September 26, 2014, http://dailycaller.com/2014/09/26/sharia-law-is-coming-oklahoma-beheader-celebrated-terrorists-disparaged-non-muslims-on-facebook/.
31. John Sexton, “Alton Nolen’s Facebook Page Depicted Beheading a Month before Release from Probation,” Breitbart, September 26, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2014/09/26/Alton-Nolen-s-Facebook-Page-Included-Image-of-Beheading-and-Jihadists-Abroad.
32. Lydia Warren et al., “Fired Muslim Convert Store-Worker Who Beheaded Female Colleague after Losing His Job Was ‘Shouting Islamic Phrases’ as He Carried Out His Bloody Rampage,” Daily Mail, September 27, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2771940/Fired-Muslim-convert-store-worker-beheaded-female-colleague-lost-job-argument-stoning-women.html.
33. Abby Ohlheiser, “What We Know about Alton Nolen, Who Has Been Charged with Murder in the Oklahoma Beheading Case,” Washington Post, September 30, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/09/30/what-we-know-about-alton-nolen-who-has-been-charged-with-murder-in-the-oklahoma-beheading-case/.
34. Michael Daly, “No Purple Hearts: Nidal Hassan’s Murders Termed ‘Workplace Violence’ by U.S.,” Daily Beast, August 6, 2013, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/08/06/nidal-hasan-s-murders-termed-workplace-violence-by-u-s.html.
35. Katharine Lackey, “Fort Hood Shooter Asks to Be ‘Citizen’ of Islamic State,” USA Today, August 29, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/29/fort-hood-shooter-islamic-state/14790297/.
36. Jason Howerton, “Oklahoma Beheading Suspect Uttered Arabic Words during Attack, Had ‘Infatuation’ with Beheadings: Prosecutor,” TheBlaze, September 30, 2014, http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/09/30/oklahoma-beheading-suspect-uttered-arabic-words-during-attack-had-infatuation-with-beheadings-prosecutor/.
37. Ohlheiser, “What We Know about Alton Nolen.”
38. Simon Sebag Montefiore, Jerusalem: The Biography (New York: Vintage Books, 2011), 129.
39. Eliza Shapiro, “Heavy History: Is Tamerlan Tsarnaev Named after a Brutal Warlord?,” Daily Beast, April 19, 2013, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/04/19/is-tamerlan-tsarnaev-named-after-a-brutal-warlord.html.
40. Ishaan Tharoor, “Saudi Arabia, Key to Obama’s Strategy, Beheaded at Least 8 People Last Month,” Washington Post, September 11, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/11/saudi-arabia-key-to-obamas-strategy-beheaded-at-least-8-people-last-month/.
41. “New York TV Exec Gets 25 Years to Life for Wife’s Beheading,” CNN, March 9, 2011, http://www.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/03/09/new.york.beheading/.
42. Jeff Pegues, “Gruesome Double Murder, Men Decapitated,” WABC-TV New York, February 11, 2013, http://7online.com/archive/8989357/.
43. Ben Morgan et al., “Woman Beheaded: ‘Muslim Convert’ Known as Fat Nick Suspected of Slaughtering Grandmother Pictured for First Time,” London Evening Standard, September 5, 2014, http://www.standard.co.uk/news/crime/woman-beheaded-first-picture-of-muslim-convert-nicknamed-fat-nick-suspected-of-murdering-82yearold-9714057.html.
44. Dave Urbanski, “Another Oklahoma Man, Reportedly a Muslim, Arrested after He Allegedly Threatened to Cut Off Coworker’s Head: ‘This Is Just What We Do,’” TheBlaze, September 28, 2014, http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/09/28/another-oklahoma-man-reportedly-a-muslim-arrested-after-he-allegedly-threatened-to-cut-off-coworkers-head-this-is-just-what-we-do/.
45. Richard Engel, James Novogrod, and Michele Neubert, “Exclusive: American Extremist Reveals His Quest to Join ISIS,” NBC News, September 3, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/exclusive-american-extremist-reveals-his-quest-join-isis-n194796.
46. Ibid.
47. Ibid.
48. Rick Jervis, “Suspected American Militant Held after Airport Arrest,” USA Today, August 11, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/11/kennedy-airport-arrest/13889915/.
49. Associated Press, “NY Man ‘Tried to Aid ISIS,’” New York Post, September 17, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/09/17/upstate-ny-man-allegedly-tried-to-aid-isis/.
50. Greg Botelho, “Feds: NY Store Owner Plotted to Send Jihadists to Syria, Kill U.S. Troops Himself,” CNN, September 17, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/16/justice/suspected-isis-supporter-ny/.
51. Associated Press, “NY Man.”
52. “Halal Mojoes Chicken & Pizza, 1193 North Clinton Avenue, Rochester, NY 14621—Restaurant Inspection Findings and Violations,” City-Data.com, http://www.city-data.com/ny-state-restaurants/HALAL-MOJOES-CHICKEN-PIZZA.html.
53. Amy Young, “Former Employee Says Not Surprised by Elfgeeh’s Arrest,” RochesterHomepage.net, June 2, 2014, http://www.rochesterhomepage.net/story/d/story/former-employee-says-not-surprised-by-elfgeehs-arr/20415/H-4mUYmfNUOoW7cFfGjmiQ.
54. Botelho, “Feds: NY Store Owner.”
55. Mike Brunker, “Illinois Teen Charged with Trying to Travel to Mideast to Join ISIS,” NBC News, October 6, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/illinois-teen-charged-trying-travel-mideast-join-isis-n219511.
56. Mark Guarino, “US Teen from Suburban Illinois Charged with Attempting to Join ISIS,” Guardian, October 6, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/oct/06/us-teen-charged-isis-chicago-airport.
57. “Feds: Bolingbrook Teen Tried to Go to Syria to Join ISIS,” CBS Chicago, October 6, 2014, http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2014/10/06/teen-terror-suspect-arrested-at-ohare/.
58. Associated Press, “Two Teenage Siblings Were Arrested with Would-Be Isis Recruit at Chicago Airport,” Guardian, November 3, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/03/teenage-siblings-arrested-isis-recruit-chicago-mohammed-hamzah-khan.
59. “Motorist with ISIS Flag Makes Bomb Threat against Police,” CBS Chicago, August 28, 2014, http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2014/08/28/motorist-with-isis-flag-makes-bomb-threat-against-police/.
60. Devlin Barrett, “Ohio Man Charged with Plotting ISIS-Inspired Attack on U.S. Capitol,” Wall Street Journal, January 14, 2015, http://www.wsj.com/articles/ohio-man-charged-with-plotting-isis-inspired-attack-on-u-s-capitol-1421272998.
61. Mike Conneen, “ISIS Graffiti in Northwest D.C. Puts FBI on Alert,” ABC 7, October 8, 2014, http://www.wjla.com/articles/2014/10/isis-graffiti-in-northwest-d-c-puts-fbi-on-alert-107912.html.
62. Jeff Schogol, “Possible ISIL Leaflets Found Near Quantico Marine Base,” USA Today, November 2, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/11/01/possible-isil-leaflets-found-near-quantico-marine-base/18336375/.
63. Ryan Mauro, “Video: Houston Man Pledges Allegiance to ISIS in Front of Cop,” Clarion Project, October 15, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/analysis/video-houston-man-pledges-allegiance-isis-front-cop.
64. See Erick Stakelbeck, “America Ripe for Muslim Brotherhood’s Agenda?,” CBN News, July 8, 2013, http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/us/2013/July/America-to-Become-Brotherhoods-Fifth-Column/.
65. Shane Harris, “Lady al Qaeda: The World’s Most Wanted Woman,” Foreign Policy, August 26, 2014, http://foreignpolicy.com/2014/08/26/lady-al-qaeda-the-worlds-most-wanted-woman/.
66. See Erick Stakelbeck, “Muslim Brotherhood Gains Foothold in Boston,” CBN News, June 6, 2013, http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/us/2013/June/Muslim-Brotherhood-Gains-Foothold-in-Boston/.
67. Ibid.
68. Timothy M. Phelps, “Justice Department to Ban Profiling by Federal Law Enforcement,” Los Angeles Times, September 26, 2014, http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-0927-holder-profiling-20140927-story.html; Pete Williams, “Holder Unveils Revisions to Limits on Profiling by Federal Law Enforcement,” NBC News, December 8, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/holder-unveils-revisions-limits-profiling-federal-law-enforcement-n263661.
69. Steven Emerson, “New Details about the Threat and Operation of the New Islamic State,” Investigative Project on Terrorism, September 6, 2014, http://www.investigativeproject.org/4559/emerson-on-fox-news-justice-with-judge-jeanine#.
70. Mordechai Kedar and David Yerushalmi, “Shari’a and Violence in American Mosques,” Middle East Quarterly 18, no. 3 (summer 2011): 59–72, http://www.meforum.org/2931/american-mosques.
71. Ihsan Bagby, “The American Mosque 2011: Basic Characteristics of the American Mosque, Attitudes of Mosque Leaders,” Report Number 1 from the US Mosque Study 2011, January 2012, http://faithcommunitiestoday.org/sites/faithcommunitiestoday.org/files/The%20American%20Mosque%202011%20web.pdf.
72. See Erick Stakelbeck, The Brotherhood: America’s Next Great Enemy (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2013), 222–23.
73. Chuck Ross, “Obama Official Praises Mosque of Oklahoma Beheader Alton Nolen,” Daily Caller, October 5, 2014, http://dailycaller.com/2014/10/05/obama-official-praises-mosque-of-oklahoma-beheader-alton-nolen/.
74. Kelly File, “Chilling: Man Who Attended Okla. Beheading Suspect’s Mosque Reveals Radical Teachings,” Fox News, October 1, 2014, http://insider.foxnews.com/2014/10/01/chilling-man-who-attended-okla-beheading-suspect%27s-mosque-reveals-radical-teachings.
75. Ludovica Iaccino, “ISIS and Jihadi Terrorists ‘Post 90 Tweets Every Minute’ to Spread Propaganda,” International Business Times, November 4, 2014, http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/isis-jihadi-terrorists-post-90-tweets-every-minute-spread-propaganda-1473064.
CHAPTER FIVE: JIHADI COOL: HIP-HOPPIN’ AND HEAD-CHOPPIN’
1. Erick Stakelbeck, The Terrorist Next Door: How the Government Is Deceiving You about the Islamist Threat (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2011), 44–45.
2. “Anjem Choudary and the al-Muhajiroun Network,” HOPE not hate, http://www.hopenothate.org.uk/al-muhajiroun/summary/.
3. “Return of the Islamic State?,” Islamic Thinkers Society, http://islamicthinkers.com/welcome/?p=1236&page=2.
4. Dominik Lemanski and Neil Doyle, “New Links Found between Isis Fighters and Preacher Anjem Choudary,” Daily Star, June 15, 2014, http://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/383905/New-links-found-between-Isis-fighters-and-preacher-Anjem-Choudary.
5. Russell Myers, “British Boxing Champion Anthony Small Defends IS Beheading James Foley,” Mirror, September 2, 2014, http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/steven-sotloff-beheading-british-boxing-4153714.
6. Jessica Best, “Radical Islamist Preacher Anjem Choudary ‘Proud’ of Lee Rigby Killer Michael Adebolajo,” Mirror, December 20, 2013, http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/radical-islamist-preacher-anjem-choudary-2945584.
7. John Hall, “‘Chillin’ with My Homie or What’s Left of Him’: British Rapper Turned ISIS Jihadist Poses with Severed Head as They Seize More Key Towns Close to Syrian Border with Turkey,” Daily Mail, August 13, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2723659/ISIS-militants-seize-key-towns-villages-close-Syrian-border-Turkey.html.
8. Scott Shane and Ben Hubbard, “ISIS Displaying a Deft Command of Varied Media,” New York Times, August 30, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/world/middleeast/isis-displaying-a-deft-command-of-varied-media.html?_r=0.
9. Alexander Trowbridge, “Jihadists on the Move in Iraq with Weapons, Hashtags,” CBS News, June 16, 2014, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/isis-jihadists-on-move-in-iraq-using-weapons-and-twitter-hashtags/.
10. John Hall, “‘How Is Democracy Treating You Guys?’ ISIS Militants Take to Social Media to Encourage Ferguson Protesters to Embrace Islamic Extremism,” Daily Mail, August 19, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2728624/How-democracy-treating-guys-ISIS-militants-social-media-encourage-Ferguson-protesters-embrace-Islamic-extremism.html.
11. Adelle Nazarian, “#NapaQuake: ISIS Hijacks Napa Earthquake Hashtags to Spread Terror,” Breitbart, August 26, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-California/2014/08/26/NapaQuake-Islamic-Militants-Hijack-Napa-Earthquake-Hashtags-to-Spread-Message-of-Terror.
12. Simon Tomlinson and Amy White, “‘This Is Our Football, It’s Made of Skin #WorldCup,’: After Posting Sickening Beheading Video of Iraqi Policeman, ISIS Boast of Slaughtering 1,700 Soldiers,” Daily Mail, June 13, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2656905/ISIS-jihadists-seize-two-towns-bear-Baghdad-U-S-tanks-helicopters-stolen-fleeing-western-trained-Iraqi-forces.html.
13. Jim Hoft, “ISIS Uses Kidnapped Reporter in Brutal New Twitter Campaign #StevensHeadInObamasHands,” Gateway Pundit, August 25, 2014, http://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2014/08/isis-uses-kidnapped-reporter-in-brutal-new-twitter-campaign-stevensheadinobamashands/.
14. John Dodge, “Chicago a Top Terror Target: Ominous Tweet Connects ISIS Threat in City,” CBS Chicago, August 22, 2014, http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2014/08/22/ominous-tweet-connects-isis-threat-in-chicago/.
15. Jamie Weinstein, “ISIS Threatens America: ‘We Will Raise the Flag of Allah in the White House,’” Daily Caller, August 8, 2014, http://dailycaller.com/2014/08/08/isis-threatens-america-we-will-raise-the-flag-of-allah-in-the-white-house/.
16. Josiah Ryan, “ISIS Supporters Reportedly Post Photo of the Group’s Black Flag with an Ominous Message in Front of the White House,” TheBlaze, August 11, 2014, http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/08/11/isis-supporters-reportedly-post-photo-of-the-groups-black-flag-with-an-ominous-message-in-front-of-the-white-house/.
17. Nathaniel Zelinsky, “ISIS Sends a Message: What Gestures Say about Today’s Middle East,” Foreign Affairs, September 3, 2014, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/141956/nathaniel-zelinsky/isis-sends-a-message.
18. Perry Chiaramonte, “ISIS T-shirts, Gear Help Terror Group Spread Murderous Message,” Fox News, August 18, 2014, http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/08/18/bootleg-isis-t-shirts-helping-terror-group-to-spread-fear-campaign/.
19. Ryan Mauro, in e-mail interview with the author, September 8, 2014.
20. Sophia Rosenbaum, “‘Jumanji’-Loving Jihad Supporter Mourns Robin Williams,” New York Post, August 13, 2014, http://nypost.com/2014/08/13/jumanji-loving-jihad-supporter-mourns-robin-williams/.
21. Alexander Smith, “28,000 Pro-ISIS Twitter Accounts Created Since James Foley Murder,” NBC News, September 4, 2014, http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/28-000-pro-isis-twitter-accounts-created-james-foley-murder-n195401.
22. Rachael Levy, “ISIS Tweets Call for Assassination of Twitter Employees: Extremists Linked to ISIS Tell ‘Lone Wolves’ to Target Employees of the Social Network,” Vocativ, September 8, 2014, https://www.vocativ.com/world/syria-world/isis-threatens-twitter-employees/.
23. Guy Adams, “Five Minutes of Savagery and a Video as Slick as It Is Sickening,” Daily Mail, August 20, 2013, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2730354/Five-minutes-savagery-video-slick-sickening.html.
24. Scott Shane and Ben Hubbard, “ISIS Displaying a Deft Command of Varied Media,” New York Times, August 30, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/world/middleeast/isis-displaying-a-deft-command-of-varied-media.html?_r=0.
25. David Blair, “How ISIL Doctored the Image of Obama, Making Him Appear Haggard in Videos: The Terrorist Group Carefully Manipulate Their Videos to Make the US President Look as Tired and Weary as Possible, Demonstrating Its Technical Prowess,” Telegraph, September 3, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/barackobama/11073769/How-Isil-doctored-the-image-of-Obama-making-him-appear-haggard-in-videos.html.
26. Jeryl Bier, “Kerry: ‘Root Cause of Terrorism’ Is Poverty: ‘In Many Cases . . .’,” Weekly Standard, January 15, 2014, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/kerry-root-cause-terrorism-poverty_774682.html.
27. AFP, “Eradicating Poverty Will Defeat Extremists: John Kerry,” Times of India, September 20, 2014, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/Eradicating-poverty-will-defeat-extremists-John-Kerry/articleshow/42941803.cms.
28. Michelle McPhee and Bryan Ross, “Official: American May Be Key in ISIS Social Media Blitz,” ABC News, September 3, 2014, http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2014/09/official-american-may-be-key-in-isis-social-media-blitz/.
29. Denise Lavoie, “FBI Offers $50,000 Reward in Search for Suspected Terrorist from Mansfield,” CBS Boston, October 3, 2012, http://boston.cbslocal.com/2012/10/03/fbi-offers-50000-reward-for-suspected-terrorist-from-mansfield/.
30. McPhee and Ross, “Official: American May Be Key.”
31. Josh Kovensky, “ISIS’s New Mag Looks like a New York Glossy—with Pictures of Mutilated Bodies,” New Republic, August 25, 2014, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/119203/isiss-dabiq-vs-al-qaedas-inspire-comparing-two-extremist-magazines.
32. Reuters, “Al-Qaeda Sympathizers Battle ‘Infidels’ with Rap,” Sydney Morning Herald, February 11, 2004, http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/02/10/1076388363442.html.
33. Sudarsan Raghavan, “American Jihadist Believed to Be Killed in Somalia,” Washington Post, September 12, 2013, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/american-jihadist-abu-mansoor-al-amriki-believed-killed-in-somalia/2013/09/12/3230f8ee-1bba-11e3-80ac-96205cacb45a_story.html.
34. J. Dana Stuster, “9 Disturbingly Good Jihadi Raps: OK, Maybe Not So ‘Good,’” Foreign Policy, April 29, 2013, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/04/29/9_disturbingly_good_jihadi_raps.
35. Miranda Frum, “Bad Rap: An ISIS Killer in His Own Awful Words,” Daily Beast, September 3, 2014, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/09/03/an-isis-killer-in-his-own-awful-words.html.
36. Souad Mekhennet, “German Officials Alarmed by Ex-Rapper’s New Message: Jihad,” New York Times, August 21, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/01/world/europe/01jihadi.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&.
37. AFP, “German Rapper-Turned-Jihadist Reported Dead in Syria,” Al Arabiya News, April 22, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/04/22/German-rapper-turned-jihadist-reported-dead-in-Syria-.html.
38. Mekhennet, “German Officials Alarmed.”
39. Richard Spencer and Ragdy Samaan, “Islamic State’s New Icon Is a Hipster Jihadi: Sword-Wielding Supporter of the Caliphate Is a University Graduate from a Well-Off Cairo Family, Say Friends,” Telegraph, August 6, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/11011634/Islamic-States-new-icon-is-a-hipster-jihadi.html.
40. Rajia Aboulkheir, “Meet Islam Yaken, a Cosmopolitan Egyptian Who Turned into ISIS Fighter,” Al Arabiya News, August 3, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/variety/2014/08/03/Meet-Islam-Yaken-a-cosmopolitan-Egyptian-who-turned-into-ISIS-fighter-.html.
41. Spencer and Samaan, “Islamic State’s New Icon.”
42. Doug Stanglin, “‘Rolling Stone’ Defends Tsarnaev Glam Cover Amid Outcry: Magazine Says Negative Response Is Similar to Cover 43 Years Ago on Mass Murderer Charles Manson,” USA Today, July 17, 2013, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/07/17/dzhokhar-tsarnaev-boston-marathon-bombing-rolling-stone/2523891/.
43. Dylan Stableford, “Rolling Stone’s Newsstand Sales Double for Tsarnaev Issue,” Yahoo! News, August 1, 2013, http://news.yahoo.com/rolling-stone-s-newsstand-sales-double-for-tsarnaev-issue-171449116.html.
CHAPTER SIX: LONDON FALLING: THE BATTLE FOR BRITAIN
1. “Group Hails 9/11 ‘Magnificent 19,’” CNN, September 10, 2003, http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/europe/09/10/sept.11.ukposter/.
2. Erick Stakelbeck, “The Watchman Show: The ISIS Caliphate,” CBN News, September 24, 2014, http://blogs.cbn.com/stakelbeckonterror/archive/2014/09/24/the-watchman-show-the-isis-caliphate.aspx.
3. Simon Tomlinson, “‘Only Allah Can Judge Me’: Muslim Convert Richard Dart Refuses to Stand in Dock as He Is Sentenced to Six Years in Prison for Terrorism Offenses,” Daily Mail, April 25, 2013, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2314594/Muslim-convert-Richard-Dart-refuses-stand-dock-sentenced-years-prison-terrorism-offences.html.
4. Sophie Jane Evans, “Moment Muslim Extremist Warned There Would Be Terror Attack during William and Kate’s Wedding As He’s Jailed for 31 Months for Possessing Terror Manuals,” Daily Mail, August 12, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2723082/Moment-Muslim-extremist-warned-terror-attack-William-Kates-wedding-hes-jailed-31-months-possessing-terror-manuals.html.
5. Raheem Kassam, “‘Very Good Chaps’: Anjem Coudary Admits Pro-ISIS Pamphleteers Are His Students,” Breitbart London, August 14, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-London/2014/08/14/Anjem-admits-ISIS-demonstrators-are-his-students.
6. “Anjem Choudary and the al-Muhajiroun Network,” HOPE not hate, no date, http://www.hopenothate.org.uk/al-muhajiroun/summary/.
7. “Radical Preacher Anjem Choudary Released from Custody,” BBC, September 26, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/business-29386983.
8. Kathy Shaidle, “Islamists on Welfare: Paid to Plot the West’s Demise,” Middle East Forum, April 4, 2011, http://www.meforum.org/2870/islamists-on-welfare.
9. Erica Ritz, “Prominent Muslim Cleric: Collect Gov’t Welfare as a ‘Jihad Seeker’s Allowance,’” TheBlaze, February 18, 2013, http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2013/02/18/prominent-muslim-cleric-collect-govt-welfare-as-a-jihad-seekers-allowance/.
10. Raheem Kassam, “In Pictures: Pro-ISIS Agitators Take to the Heart of London’s Tourist District,” Breitbart London, August 12, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-London/2014/08/12/ISIS-agitators-London; Dina al-Shibeeb, “Pro-ISIS Leaflets Target London Shoppers,” Al Arabiya News, August 14, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/2014/08/14/Pro-ISIS-leaflets-target-shoppers-on-London-s-Oxford-St-.html.
11. Raheem Kassam, “‘Very Good Chaps’: Anjem Choudary Admits Pro-ISIS Pamphleteers Are His Students,” Breitbart London, August 14, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Breitbart-London/2014/08/14/Anjem-admits-ISIS-demonstrators-are-his-students.
12. Steven Stalinsky and R. Sosnow, “On Twitter, British Pro-Jihad Islamist Anjem Choudary—Whose Network Is Regarded as ‘Single Biggest Gateway to Terrorism’ for European Fighters in Syria—Incites to Violence and Jihad, Calls for Conquest of West; in Tweet, He Defends Opinion Expressed by Accused Islamist During His Trial That U.K. Is ‘a Theoretic & Practical Battlefield,’” MEMRI, December 13, 2013, http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/857/7665.htm#_ednref5.
13. Dominik Lemanski and Neil Doyle, “New Links Found between ISIS Fighters and Preacher Anjem Choudary: We Can Today Reveal New Links between Young Muslims Fighting for the ISIS Group and Preacher Anjem Choudary,” Daily Star (UK), June 15, 2014, http://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/383905/New-links-found-between-Isis-fighters-and-preacher-Anjem-Choudary.
14. Stakelbeck, “The Watchman Show: The ISIS Caliphate.”
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Madeline Grant and Damien Sharkov, “‘Twice As Many’ British Muslims Fighting for ISIS than in UK Armed Forces,” Newsweek, August 20, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/twice-many-british-muslims-fighting-isis-armed-forces-265865.
18. Kim Hjelmgaard and John Bacon, “More British Muslims Fight for Islamic State than Britain,” USA Today, August 21, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/08/21/islamic-state-americans-british/14384045/.
19. Jonathan Owen, “Islamic State: British Fighters Make Up a Quarter of Foreign Jihadists,” Independent (UK), August 20, 2014, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/islamic-state-backgrounder-british-fighters-make-up-a-quarter-of-foreign-jihadists-9681547.html.
20. Grant and Sharkov, “‘Twice As Many’ British Muslims.”
21. Mail Foreign Service, “Held by ISIS, Five Jihadi Brits Who Want to Go Home: Wantaway Fighters Stripped of Weapons and Marched to ‘Punishment Centre,’” Daily Mail, September 12, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2754241/Held-IS-five-jihadi-Brits-want-home-Wantaway-fighters-stripped-weapons-marched-punishment-centre.html.
22. Glen Owen and William Lowther, “Obama Sends CIA to UK to Probe Terrorist ‘Breeding Ground’: President in Pointed Snub to MI5 over ‘Lone Wolf’ Mission to Interrogate British Security Experts,” Daily Mail, June 28, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2673511/Obama-sends-CIA-UK-probe-terrorist-breeding-ground-President-pointed-snub-MI5-lone-wolf-mission-interrogate-British-security-experts.html.
23. Erick Stakelbeck, The Terrorist Next Door: How the Government Is Deceiving You about the Islamist Threat (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2011), 44–45.
24. Chris Pleasance and Tom McTague, “How Muhammad Is Now the Most Popular Name for Baby Boys in England and Wales . . . but It Doesn’t Top Official List because There Are So Many Ways to Spell It,” Daily Mail, updated August 16, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2725724/How-Muhammad-popular-baby-boys-England-Wales-doesnt-official-list-ways-spell-it.html.
25. Soeren Kern, “Britain’s Sharia Courts: ‘You Cannot Go against What Islam Says,’” Gatestone Institute, April 23, 2013, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/3682/uk-sharia-courts.
26. Erick Stakelbeck, The Brotherhood: America’s Next Great Enemy (Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 2013), 238–39.
27. Ibid.
28. “Brighton Teenager Abdullah Deghayes Killed in Syria,” BBC News, April 18, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-sussex-27076266.
29. Andrew Malone and David Williams, “Torture Hell of Princes’ Hostage Friend: How British Journalist Held by ‘Jihadi John’ Was Waterboarded, Given Electric Shocks, Tasered and Forced to Fight Other Prisoners to Entertain Barbaric IS Fanatics,” Daily Mail, updated September 21, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2762901/John-Cantlie-Briton-ISIS-video-close-William-Harry.html.
30. Daniel Pipes, “Britain’s New Export: Islamist Carnage,” National Review Online, August 3, 2010, available on DanielPipes.org, http://www.danielpipes.org/8706/britain-export-islamist-terrorism.
31. Sohrab Ahmari, “Inside the Mind of the Western Jihadist: Shiraz Maher, a British Citizen Who Lived the Experience, Describes the Allure of the Islamic State for Young Westerners and the Deadly Peril It Poses,” Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2014, http://online.wsj.com/articles/sohrab-ahmari-inside-the-mind-of-the-western-jihadist-1409352541.
32. Gordon Rayner and Martin Evans, “‘British’ Jihadist Who Beheaded Journalist Is Londoner Called John,” Telegraph, August 20, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/11047109/British-jihadist-who-beheaded-journalist-is-Londoner-called-John.html.
33. Larry McShane, “British Doctor May Be Key to Identifying James Foley’s ISIS Executioner: Report,” New York Daily News, August 23, 2014, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/uk-doctor-key-iding-james-foley-killer-report-article-1.1913265.
34. John Hall, “‘British Banker’ Reveals He Has Quit to Join ISIS in Iraq because He Hated ‘Being Ruled by Laws Other than Allah’s’ and ‘the Self-Indulgence of the Rich,’” Daily Mail, September 17, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2759535/British-banker-reveals-quit-join-ISIS-Iraq-hated-ruled-laws-Allah-s-self-indulgence-rich.html.
35. Soeren Kern, “Britain’s Female Jihadists,” Gatestone Institute, September 21, 2014, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/4714/britain-female-jihadists.
36. Ibid.
37. Jeremy Hodges, “U.K. Terror Police Ask Families to Out Home-Grown Jihadis,” Bloomberg, August 26, 2014, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-08-26/u-k-terror-police-ask-families-to-out-home-grown-jihadis.html.
38. Shiv Malik and Sandra Laville, “ISIS Recruitment Moves from Online Networks to British Mosques: Growing Evidence That Britain Is a Specific Target for Jihadis Looking to Exploit Fundamentalist Islam,” Guardian, September 5, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/05/isis-recruitment-moves-to-radical-network-and-mosques.
39. Abul Taher and Nic North, “‘Infidels Must Wear Red Collars and Shave Heads’: ‘Nazi’ Vision of Muslim Britain from Imam Who Ran ‘ISIS’ Barbecue in Cardiff Park,” Daily Mail, June 28, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2673493/Infidels-wear-red-collars-shave-heads-Nazi-vision-Muslim-Britain-Imam-ran-Isis-barbecue-Welsh-park.html.
40. “British Islamist Abu Waleed: Muslims Should Humiliate Christians in Order to Make Them Convert to Islam,” MEMRI, January 16, 2014, http://www.memri.org/clip_transcript/en/4263.htm.
41. Taher and North, “‘Infidels Must Wear Red Collars.’”
42. Anthony Bond, “ISIS: Watch British Student Boast of Joining ‘Golden Era of Jihad’ in Shocking New Video,” Daily Mirror, August 28, 2014, http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/isis-watch-student-urge-fellow-4126249.
43. Lee Ferran, Rym Momtaz, and James Gordon Meek via Good Morning America, “British PM on New ISIS Beheading: ‘They’re Not Muslims, [but] Monsters,’” ABC News, September 14, 2014, http://abcnews.go.com/International/british-pm-isis-beheading-theyre-muslims-monsters/story?id=25491141.
44. Simon Hooper, “UK Aims to Become Centre for Islamic Finance: Global Islamic Finance Market Is Valued at $1.3tn and Is Growing Faster than the Conventional Banking Sector,” Al Jazeera, November 1, 2013, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2013/10/uk-aims-become-centre-islamic-finance-201310319840639385.html.
CHAPTER SEVEN: AMSTERDAMNED: ISIS OVER EUROPE
1. Soeren Kern, “The Islamization of Belgium and the Netherlands in 2013,” Gatestone Institute, January 13, 2014, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/4129/islamization-belgium-netherlands.
2. Damien Sharkov, “Pro-ISIS Demonstrators Call for ‘Death to Jews’ in the Netherlands,” Newsweek, July 30, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/pro-isis-demonstrators-call-death-jews-hague-262064.
3. Abigail R. Esman, “Dutch Mayor Cancels Anti-ISIS Rally as ‘Too Provocative,’” Investigative Project on Terrorism, August 14, 2014, http://www.investigativeproject.org/4518/dutch-mayor-cancels-anti-isis-rally-as-too.
4. “Summery [sic] of Report ‘Transformation of Jihadism in the Netherlands,’” Algemene Inlichtingen-en Veiligheidsdienst, no date, click on the hyperlink “The transformation of jihadism in the Netherlands; swarm dynamics and new strength” to accesss the report, https://www.aivd.nl/english/publications-press/@3114/transformation/.
5. Soeren Kern, “Dutch Jihadists in Syria Pose Threat to the Netherlands,” Soeren Kern.com, May 15, 2014, http://soerenkern.com/2014/05/15/dutch-jihadists-syria-pose-threat-netherlands/.
6. Soeren Kern, “Moroccan Crime in the Netherlands & the Myths of Multiculturalism: ‘Because They Do Not Want To,’” Gatestone Institute, November 28, 2011, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/2624/moroccan-crime-netherlands.
7. Jim Hoft, “Dutch Welfare Recipient and Jihadi Poses with Five Severed Heads in Syria,” Gateway Pundit, March 18, 2014, http://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2014/03/dutch-welfare-recipient-and-jihadi-poses-with-five-severed-heads-in-syria/.
8. Sophie Jane Evans, “The Dutch Jihadi Fighter (and Artist) Training British Teenagers How to Kill in Syria (and When He’s Not Doing That He’s Taking Pictures of Cats),” Daily Mail, July 9, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2685648/Syria-fighter.html.
9. “Dutch Mum Rescues Daughter from Islamic State in Syria,” BBC, November 19, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30111040.
10. “Summery [sic] of Report ‘Transformation of Jihadism in the Netherlands.’”
11. Kern, “The Islamization of Belgium and the Netherlands.”
12. Abigail R. Esman, “Guest Column: The Disturbing Heroes of Dutch Muslim Youth,” Investigative Project on Terrorism, November 25, 2014, http://www.investigativeproject.org/4664/the-disturbing-heroes-of-dutch-muslim-youth#; and see “Nederlandse Moslimjongeren en de Arabische Herfst,” Forum Verkenning, November 2014, http://www.forum.nl/Portals/0/publicaties/FORUM%20-%20Verkenning%20Nederlandse%20moslimjongeren%20en%20de%20Arabische%20Herfst.pdf.
13. Janene Van Jaarsveldt, “Mayor’s Remarks on Jews and Jihadists Sparks [sic] Outrage,” NL Times, October 23, 2014, http://www.nltimes.nl/2014/10/23/twitter-uproar-hilversum-mayors-comment/.
14. Evelyn Marcus, “Dutch Official Calls ISIS ‘a Zionist Plot,’” Gatestone Institute, August 23, 2014, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/4641/isis-zionist-plot; Timon Dias, “Dutch Security Official Haifi Champions Libelous ‘Protocols of Zion,’” Gatestone Institute, September 8, 2014, http://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/4678/yasmina-haifi-protocols.
15. Christopher Caldwell, “Islamic Europe?,” Weekly Standard, October 4, 2004, http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/004/685ozxcq.asp.
16. “The Future of the Global Muslim Population,” Pew Research Religion & Public Life Project, January 27, 2011, http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/.
17. Ibid.
18. “International Religious Freedom Report for 2013,” U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, no date, http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm#wrapper.
19. “Islamic State Crisis: ‘3,000 European Jihadists Join Fight,’” BBC, September 26, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29372494.
20. Greg Miller, “Airstrikes against Islamic State Do Not Seen [sic] to Have Affected Flow of Fighters to Syria,” Washington Post, October 30, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/airstrikes-against-the-islamic-state-have-not-affected-flow-of-foreign-fighters-to-syria/2014/10/30/aa1f124a-603e-11e4-91f7-5d89b5e8c251_story.html.
21. Richard Barrett, “Foreign Fighters in Syria,” Soufan Group, June 2014, http://soufangroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/TSG-Foreign-Fighters-in-Syria.pdf.
22. Agence France-Presse, “France: 60 Women among Residents Involved ‘in Jihad,’” Al Arabiya News, September 14, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/09/14/France-says-930-citizens-or-residents-involved-in-jihad-.html.
23. AFP, “60 Germans Died Fighting for IS—Intelligence Chief,” Times of Israel, November 23, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/60-germans-died-fighting-for-is-security-chief/.
24. “Summery [sic] of Report ‘Transformation of Jihadism in the Netherlands.’”
25. Michael Shields and Toby Chopra, “Islamist Militants on Rise in Austria: Government,” Reuters, August 22, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/22/us-austria-militants-syria-iraq-idUSKBN0GM19R20140822.
26. Rosie Scammell, “Most Italian Jihadis with ISIS Aren’t Immigrants,” The Local, August 25, 2014, http://www.thelocal.it/20140825/50-italians-join-isis-in-iraq-and-syria.
27. “Canada’s Foreign Fighters: And Don’t Come Back,” Economist, September 23, 2014, http://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2014/09/canadas-foreign-fighters.
28. Brendan de Beer, “Portugal’s Jihadists,” Portugal News, April 9, 2014, http://theportugalnews.com/news/portugals-jihadists/32641.
29. Barrett, “Foreign Fighters in Syria.”
30. Michael McCaul, “Europe Has a Jihadi Superhighway Problem,” Time, November 11, 2014, http://time.com/3578462/european-union-security-gap-foreign-fighters-terrorists/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+time%2Ftopstories+%28TIME%3A+Top+Stories%29.
31. “Yusuf al-Qaradawi,” Investigative Project on Terrorism, July 9, 2008, http://www.investigativeproject.org/profile/167.
32. Anna Momigliano, “Young European Converts Are Swelling the Ranks of Islamic State: Flocking of Foreigners to Syria and Iraq Is Unprecedented, Expert Tells Haaretz,” Haaretz, September 2, 2014, http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/.premium-1.613705.
33. Ibid.
34. Madeline Grant, “16% of French Citizens Support ISIS, Poll Finds,” Newsweek, August 26, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/16-french-citizens-support-isis-poll-finds-266795.
35. “French-Speaking ISIS Fighters in Al-Raqqa, Including Former French Paratrooper Who Converted to Islam, Urge Fellow Muslims to Join the Jihad,” MEMRI, April 22, 2014, http://www.memrijttm.org/french-speaking-isis-fighters-in-al-raqqa-including-former-french-paratrooper-who-converted-to-islam-urge-fellow-muslims-to-join-the-jihad.html.
36. Dan Bilefsky and Maïa de la Baume, “In a Video, ISIS Fighters Call for Attacks in France,” New York Times, November 20, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/21/world/europe/video-shows-french-isis-fighters-calling-for-attacks-in-france.html?_r=2.
37. Ian Traynor, “Major Terrorist Attack Is ‘Inevitable’ As ISIS Fighters Return, Say EU Officials,” Guardian, September 25, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/25/major-terrorist-attack-inevitable-isis-eu.
38. Reuters, “Another Attack in France: Van Rams into Christmas Market, Hits 10 Pedestrians,” Haaretz, December 22, 2014, http://www.haaretz.com/news/world/.premium-1.633265.
39. Griff Witte and Anthony Faiola, “France Sends 10,000 Troops Across Country, Protecting Hundreds of Jewish Sites,” Washington Post, January 12, 2015, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/hollande-calls-crisis-meeting-10000-extra-forces-sent-to-protect-people-of-france/2015/01/12/63610982-9a34-11e4-a7ee-526210d665b4_story.html.
40. Alexandra Hudson and Sabine Siebold, “Germany Warns Security Situation ‘Critical’ Due to Radical Islam,” Reuters, October 28, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/28/us-mideast-crisis-germany-idUSKBN0IH0PL20141028.
41. Joel Stonington, “On Patrol with the Man behind Germany’s ‘Sharia Police,’” Vocativ, October 31, 2014, http://www.vocativ.com/world/germany-world/germanys-sharia-police/.
42. A. K. “German Hooligans: Of Riots to Come,” Economist, October 29, 2014, http://www.economist.com/blogs/charlemagne/2014/10/german-hooligans.
43. Rose Troup Buchanan, “ISIS Riots Spreading across Europe as Islamists Clash with Kurdish Supporters in Germany,” Independent (UK), October 8, 2014, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/dozens-injured-in-prokurdish-protests-in-germany-over-isis-encroachment-9782042.html.
44. “Anti-Islamization PEGIDA Demonstrations in Dresden Draw 15,000,” DW, December 12, 2014, http://www.dw.de/anti-islamization-pegida-demonstrations-in-dresden-draw-15000/a-18133601; “Survey Finds One in Three Germans Supports PEGIDA ‘Anti-Islamization’ Marches,” DW, January 1, 2015, http://www.dw.de/survey-finds-one-in-three-germans-supports-pegida-anti-islamization-marches/a-18166667.
45. “Merkel Criticizes Anti-Islam PEGIDA Movement in New Year’s Speech,” DW, December 31, 2014, http://www.dw.de/merkel-criticizes-anti-islam-pegida-movement-in-new-years-speech/a-18164445.
46. “Survey Finds One in Three Germans Supports PEGIDA.”
47. Reuters, “300 ISIS Supporters Facing Trial in Germany,” Jerusalem Post, November 30, 2014, http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/300-ISIS-supporters-facing-trial-in-Germany-383255.
48. News from Elsewhere, “Norway: Mohammed Most Common Men’s Name in Oslo,” BBC, August 29, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-28982803.
49. Andrew C. McCarthy, “Losing Malmo: And Brussels, and Rome, and Amsterdam . . . ,” National Review Online, August 27, 2011, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/275686/losing-malmo-andrew-c-mccarthy.
50. AFP, “Danish Jihadists ‘on Benefits while Fighting for ISIS,’” Al Arabiya News, November 28, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/world/2014/11/28/Danish-jihadists-on-benefits-while-fighting-for-ISIS-.html.
51. Anthony Faiola and Souad Mekhennet, “Denmark Tries a Soft-Handed Approach to Returned Islamist Fighters,” Washington Post, October 19, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/denmark-tries-a-soft-handed-approach-to-returned-islamist-fighters/2014/10/19/3516e8f3-515e-4adc-a2cb-c0261dd7dd4a_story.html.
52. Natalie Ilsley, “Three Arrested in Copenhagen after Danish Mosque Declares Its Support of ISIS,” Newsweek, September 4, 2014, http://www.newsweek.com/three-arrested-copenhagen-after-danish-mosque-declares-its-support-isis-268464.
53. Paul Miller, “Reports: Massive New Year’s Terrorist Invasion of Israel Thwarted by Security Forces,” Breitbart, July 25, 2014, http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Peace/2014/07/25/Reports-Massive-Terrorist-Invasion-of-Israel-Thwarted-by-Security-Forces.
54. Haaretz and Reuters, “U.K. Deputy PM: Israel Strikes on Gaza ‘Deliberately Disproportionate,’” Haaretz, July 17, 2014, http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.605735.
55. Lahav Harkov, “Former British Commander in Afghanistan: No Army Acts with as Much Discretion as IDF Does,” Jerusalem Post, September 4, 2014, http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Former-British-commander-in-Afghanistan-No-army-acts-with-as-much-discretion-as-IDF-does-374382.
56. Ben Cohen, “Israeli Think-Tank: Majority of Identified Gaza War Casualties Were Terrorists,” Algemeiner, December 2, 2014, http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/12/02/israeli-think-tank-52-percent-of-identified-gaza-war-casualties-were-terrorists/.
57. Luke Lewis, “45,000 March in London’s Biggest Pro-Palestine Rally Yet,” BuzzFeed, July 26, 2014, http://www.buzzfeed.com/lukelewis/londons-biggest-pro-palestinian-protest-yet-draws-45000.
58. Chris Greenwood, “Rising Tide of Anti-Semitism in Britain as Jewish People Face Backlash over Bloodshed in Gaza,” Daily Mail, July 27, 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2707421/Rising-tide-anti-semitism-Britain-Jewish-people-face-backlash-bloodshed-Gaza.html.
59. Ibid.
60. Jessica Elgot, “France’s Jews Flee as Rioters Burn Paris Shops, Attack Synagogue,” Huffington Post, updated July 23, 2014, http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/07/22/france-jewish-shops-riot_n_5608612.html.
61. Jon Henley, “Antisemitism on Rise across Europe ‘in Worst Times Since the Nazis,’” Guardian, August 7, 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/aug/07/antisemitism-rise-europe-worst-since-nazis.
62. Ibid.
63. Liam Hoare, “Brazen Anti-Semitism Sends French Jews Racing to Leave in Record Numbers,” Jewish Daily Forward, July 16, 2014, http://forward.com/articles/202126/brazen-anti-semitism-sends-french-jews-racing-to-l/.
64. Micki Weinberg, “Wave of Anti-Semitic Rallies Hits Cities across Germany,” Times of Israel, July 21, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/wave-of-anti-semitic-rallies-hits-cities-across-germany/; Henley, “Antisemitism on Rise.”
65. Henley, “Antisemitism on Rise.”
CHAPTER EIGHT: AMERICA FIDDLES AND THE WORLD BURNS
1. Niv Elis and Lahav Harkov, “El Al Says There Is ‘No Chance’ It Will Cancel Flights to, from Israel,” Jerusalem Post, July 22, 2014, http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Report-US-considering-grounding-flights-to-Israel-amid-rocket-threat-368492.
2. J. E. Dyer, “Finally, Obama Leads from the Front: The Hamas-FAA Move against Ben Gurion,” Liberty Unyielding, July 23, 2014, http://libertyunyielding.com/2014/07/23/finally-obama-leads-front-hamas-faa-move-ben-gurion/.
3. Amie Parnes, “Israel Flight Ban ‘Prudent,’ Obama Says,” The Hill, July 24, 2014, http://thehill.com/policy/transportation/213288-obama-defends-israel-flight-ban.
4. Tom Curry, “Ted Cruz Sees Obama ‘Economic Boycott’ of Israel as FAA Extends Tel Aviv Flight Ban,” Roll Call, July 23, 2014, http://blogs.rollcall.com/the-container/ted-cruz-sees-obama-economic-boycott-of-israel/.
5. “FAA Lifts Ban on U.S. Airlines Flying into and out of Israel,” CBS News, July 24, 2014, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/faa-lifts-ban-on-u-s-airlines-flying-into-and-out-of-israel/; Pete Kasperowicz, “State Goes after Ted Cruz on FAA’s Ban on Flights to Israel, TheBlaze, July 23, 2014, http://www.theblaze.com/blog/2014/07/23/state-goes-after-ted-cruz-on-israel/.
6. Aryeh Savir, “Hamas’ Mega-Attack through Gaza Terror Tunnels Exposed,” Ynetnews, July 27, 2014, http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4550733,00.html.
7. Stuart Winer, “Video Warns ‘Zionists’ More Car Attacks Are Coming,” Times of Israel, November 19, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/video-warns-zionists-that-car-attacks-are-coming/.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Elior Levy, “Terrorist Known Hamas Member, Brother of Terrorist Freed in Shalit Deal,” Ynetnews, November 5, 2014, http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4588477,00.html.
11. Winer, “Video Warns ‘Zionists.’”
12. Maayan Lubell, “Palestinians Kill Five in Jerusalem Synagogue Attack,” Reuters, November 19, 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/19/us-mideast-palestinians-israel-idUSKCN0J20E220141119.
13. “Hamas: 25 Years of Terror,” American Israel Public Affairs Committee, December 10, 2012, http://www.aipac.org/~/media/Publications/Policy%20and%20Politics/AIPAC%20Analyses/Issue%20Memos/2012/12/AIPAC%20Memo%20-%20Hamas%20-%2025%20Years%20of%20Terror.pdf.
14. Ari Yashar, “Hundreds of Hamas Terrorists in Israel Switching to ISIS,” Arutz Sheva, January 8, 2015, http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/189706#.VLHaDifQlJk.
15. Amos Harel, “Spreading Out in Syria, ISIS Approaches Israel’s Golan Border,” Haaretz, December 18, 2014, http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/.premium-1.632498.
16. AFP, “Rebels Seize Most of Syria’s Golan Truce Line,” Al Arabiya News, September 13, 2014, http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/09/13/NGO-Rebels-seize-most-of-Syrian-side-of-Golan-truce-line.html.
17. Yaakov Lappin and Yonah Jeremy Bob, “Israel Arrests ISIS-Affiliated Cell in West Bank,” Jerusalem Post, January 4, 2015, http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/Cleared-for-publication-Islamic-State-cell-members-arrested-in-Hebron-386620.
18. Lazar Berman, “Three More Israeli Arabs Join Islamic State,” Times of Israel, October 12, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/three-more-israeli-arabs-join-islamic-state/.
19. Eitan Arom, “Spanish Parliament Easily Passes Measure Recognizing Palestinian State,” Jerusalem Post, November 18, 2014, http://www.jpost.com/International/Spanish-lawmakers-pass-symbolic-motion-on-eventual-recognition-of-Palestine-382189.
20. Tovah Lazaroff, “European Parliament Urges EU Foreign Ministers to Support Palestinian Statehood,” Jerusalem Post, December 18, 2014, http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/European-Parliament-urges-EU-foreign-ministers-to-support-Palestinian-statehood-385012.
21. Adam Kredo, “Reports: Obama Mulling Sanctions on Israel,” Washington Free Beacon, December 4, 2014, http://freebeacon.com/national-security/reports-obama-mulling-sanctions-on-israel/.
22. Robert Tait, “‘Solve the Israel-Palestine Issue to Slow ISIL Recruitment,’ Says John Kerry,” Telegraph, October 19, 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/israel/11172550/Solve-the-Israel-Palestine-issue-to-slow-Isil-recruitment-says-John-Kerry.html.
23. Thomas Joscelyn, “Obama Adviser: Jihadists’ Caliphate ‘Absurd,’” Weekly Standard, August 12, 2014, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/obama-adviser-jihadists-caliphate-absurd_802853.html#.
24. Eric Schmitt, “In Battle to Defang ISIS, U.S. Targets Its Psychology,” New York Times, December 28, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/29/us/politics/in-battle-to-defang-isis-us-targets-its-psychology-.html.
25. Michael W. Chapman, “Howard Dean on Paris Attacks: They’re Not ‘Muslim Terrorists,’” CNS News, January 9, 2015, http://cnsnews.com/blog/michael-w-chapman/howard-dean-paris-attacks-they-re-not-muslim-terrorists.
26. Jodi Wilgoren, “The Vermont Governor: Dean Narrowing His Separation of Church and Stump,” New York Times, January 4, 2004, http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/04/politics/campaigns/04DEAN.html?ei=5062&en=1a78968b2fd09908&ex=1073797200&partner=GOOGLE&pagewanted=print&position=.
27. Fran Blandy and Richard Carter, “France Seeks Security Answers after Paris Attacks,” Yahoo! News, January 12, 2014, http://news.yahoo.com/world-leaders-join-paris-march-millions-attack-victims-053608792.html.
28. Dan Friedman, Adam Edelman, and Ginger Adams Otis, “Eric Holder, Top U.S. Officials No-Shows at Paris Unity Rally,” New York Daily News, updated January 12, 2015, http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/eric-holder-u-s-dignitaries-no-shows-paris-unity-rally-article-1.2073821.
29. Noah Rothman, “Obama Declares World ‘Less Violent’ than Ever,” Hot Air, June 12, 2014, http://hotair.com/archives/2014/06/12/obama-declares-world-less-violent-than-ever/; Ben Wolfgang, “Obama Tells Troops: ‘The World Is Better, Safer, More Peaceful,’” Washington Times, December 26, 2014, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/dec/26/obama-tells-troops-world-better-safer-more-peacefu/.
30. Paul D. Shinkman, “Obama: ‘Global War on Terror’ Is Over,” U.S. News & World Report, May 23, 2013, http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/05/23/obama-global-war-on-terror-is-over.
31. Victor Davis Hanson, “Obama: Transforming America,” National Review Online, October 1, 2013, http://www.nationalreview.com/article/359967/obama-transforming-america-victor-davis-hanson.
32. Raymond Ibrahim, “Egypt’s Sisi: Islamic ‘Thinking’ Is ‘Antagonizing the Entire World,’” Raymond Ibrahim: Islam Translated, January 1, 2015, http://www.raymondibrahim.com/from-the-arab-world/egypts-sisi-islamic-thinking-is-antagonizing-the-entire-world/.
33. Raymond Ibrahim, “A New Year in Egypt: The Significance of President Sisi’s Speech,” American Spectator, January 9, 2015, http://spectator.org/articles/61428/new-year-egypt-significance-president-sisis-speech.
34. Ariel Ben Solomon, “Sisi Becomes First Egyptian Leader to Attend Mass at Coptic Church,” Jerusalem Post, January 7, 2015, http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Sisi-becomes-first-Egyptian-leader-to-attend-mass-at-Coptic-church-387041.
35. Elise Labott, “U.S. Suspends Significant Military Aid to Egypt,” CNN, October 9, 2013, http://www.cnn.com/2013/10/09/world/meast/us-egypt-aid/.
36. Julian Pecquet, “Congress Allows Obama to Reopen Military Aid to Egypt,” Al Monitor, December 10, 2014, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/12/egypt-military-aid-obama-congress-human-rights.html.
37. “What’s Become of Egypt’s Morsi?,” BBC, September 6, 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-24772806.
38. “Federal Judge Agrees: CAIR Tied to Hamas,” Investigative Project on Terrorism, November 22, 2010, http://www.investigativeproject.org/2340/federal-judge-agrees-cair-tied-to-hamas.
39. Ryan Mauro, “UAE Doubles Down on Designation of CAIR as Terrorists,” Clarion Project, November 26, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/analysis/uae-doubles-down-designation-cair-terrorists.
40. Patrick Howley, “Obama Admin Spends Christmas Trying to Get Islamist Groups off Terror List [Video],” Daily Caller, December 25, 2014, http://dailycaller.com/2014/12/25/obama-admin-spends-christmas-trying-to-get-islamist-groups-off-terror-list-video/.
41. Steve Emerson and John Rossomando, “A Red Carpet for Radicals at the White House,” Investigative Project on Terrorism, October 21, 2012, http://www.investigativeproject.org/3777/a-red-carpet-for-radicals-at-the-white-house.
42. Soner Cagaptay, “Erdogan’s Empathy for Morsi,” Washington Institute, September 14, 2013, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/erdogans-empathy-for-morsi.
43. Erick Stakelbeck, “Shady Ally? Qatar Accused of Sponsoring Terror,” CBN News, October 15, 2014, http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2014/October/Shady-Ally-Qatar-Accused-of-Sponsoring-Terror/.
44. “Turkey Denies Allowing Hamas to Operate in Its Territory,” Times of Israel, November 28, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/turkey-denies-allowing-hamas-to-operate-in-its-territory/.
45. Jonathan Spyer, “Amid Rumors of Mashaal’s Expulsion, Doha Trying to Regain Alliance with Egypt, Saudi Arabia,” Jerusalem Post, January 11, 2015, http://www.jpost.com/International/Amid-rumors-of-Mashaals-expulsion-Doha-trying-to-regain-alliance-with-Egypt-Saudi-Arabia-387335.
46. “US Condemns Turkey-Hamas Ties,” Jerusalem Post, January 9, 2015, http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/US-condemns-Turkey-Hamas-ties-387226.
47. Ryan Mauro, “Call in Congress to Sanction Turkey, Qatar for Terror Support,” Clarion Project, December 11, 2014, http://www.clarionproject.org/analysis/members-congress-sanction-turkey-qatar-terror-support.
48. Jay Solomon, “U.S.-Qatar Alliance Strains Coalition against Islamic State,” Wall Street Journal, October 10, 2014, http://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-qatar-alliance-strains-coalition-against-islamic-state-1412983181.
49. Ibid.
50. Ibid.
51. “Kerry under Fire in Israel for Negotiating with Qatar, Turkey, Not Egypt, Israel,” Times of Israel, July 26, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/kerry-under-fire-in-israel-for-negotiating-with-qatar-turkey-not-egypt-israel/.
52. Jonathan Schanzer and Merve Tahiroglu, “Bordering on Terrorism: Turkey’s Syria Policy and the Rise of the Islamic State,” Foundation for Defense of Democracies, November 2014, http://defenddemocracy.org/content/uploads/publications/bordering-on-terrorism.pdf.
53. Thomas Joscelyn, “State Department: Iran Supports Al Qaeda, Taliban,” Weekly Standard, July 31, 2012, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/state-department-iran-supports-al-qaeda-taliban_649167.html.
54. Reza Kahlili, “Iran General: Our Ultimate Goal Is the Destruction of America and Israel,” Daily Caller, January 5, 2015, http://dailycaller.com/2015/01/05/iran-general-our-ultimate-goal-is-the-destruction-of-america-and-israel/.
55. Raphael Ahren, “With Iran Secure as a Threshold State, Has Israel Failed?” Times of Israel, November 24, 2014, http://www.timesofisrael.com/since-iran-is-and-will-remain-a-threshold-state-has-netanyahu-failed/.
56. Krishnadev Calamur, “Obama’s Iran Remarks Labeled Conciliatory, Naive,” NPR, December 31, 2014, http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/12/31/374197687/obamas-iran-remarks-labeled-conciliatory-naive.
57. Missy Ryan and Loveday Morris, “The U.S. and Iran Are Aligned in Iraq against the Islamic State—for Now,” Washington Post, December 27, 2014, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/the-us-and-iran-are-aligned-in-iraq-against-the-islamic-state—for-now/2014/12/27/353a748c-8d0d-11e4-a085-34e9b9f09a58_story.html.
58. “Iran Hits Back at Criticism over Executions,” Al Jazeera, November 1, 2014, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/11/iran-hits-back-at-criticism-over-executions-2014111111452853492.html.
59. Rowan Scarborough, “Islamic State Launches Social Media Campaign to Unleash ‘City Wolves,’” Washington Times, January 13, 2015, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/13/islamic-state-launches-new-jihad-kill-westerners-h/.
60. Mary Grace Lucas, “ISIS Nearly Made It to Baghdad Airport, Top U.S. Military Leader Says,” CNN, October 13, 2014, http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/12/politics/isis-baghdad-martin-dempsey/.
61. Damien Sharkov, “ISIS Use Video of Captured Pilot to Force Jordan to Halt Airstrikes,” Newsweek, January 8, 2015, http://www.newsweek.com/isis-use-video-captured-pilot-force-jordan-halt-airstrikes-297827.
62. Saud Mehsud, “Pakistani Soldier Beheaded by Afghan, Pakistani IS Supporters: Video,” Yahoo! News, January 11, 2015, http://news.yahoo.com/pakistani-soldier-beheaded-afghan-pakistani-supporters-video-133821178.html.
63. Adam Withnall, “Syria, Iraq . . . and Now Afghanistan: ISIS Advance Enters Helmand Province for the First Time, Afghan Officials Confirm,” Independent (UK), January 13, 2015, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-iraq-and-now-afghanistan-isis-advance-enters-helmand-province-for-the-first-time-afghan-officials-confirm-9974304.html.
64. Dan Lamothe, “U.S. Military Social Media Accounts Apparently Hacked by Islamic State Sympathizers,” Washington Post, January 12, 2015, http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2015/01/12/centcom-twitter-account-apparently-hacked-by-islamic-state-sympathizers/.
65. Aminu Abubakar and Faith Karimi, “2,000 Feared Killed in ‘Deadliest’ Boko Haram Attack in Nigeria,” CNN, January 12, 2015, http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/09/africa/boko-haram-violence/.