Further Reading

Chapter 1: Boar

Baltzinger, M., Mårell, A., Archaux, F., Pérot, T., Leterme, F. and Deconchat, M. 2016. Overabundant ungulates in French Sologne? Increasing red deer and wild boar pressure may not threaten woodland birds in mature forest stands. Basic and Applied Ecology, 17(6).

de Schaetzen, F., van Langevelde, F. and WallisDeVries, M. F. 2017. The influence of wild boar (Sus scrofa) on microhabitat quality for the endangered butterfly Pyrgus malvae in the Netherlands. Journal of Insect Conservation, 22: 51–59.

Macdonald, B. 2019. Rebirding: Restoring Britain’s Wildlife. Pelagic Publishing, Exeter.

Pokorny, B. and Jelenko, I. 2013.Ecological importance and impacts of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.). Zlatorgov Zbornik, 2(2): 2–30.

Sims, N. K. E. 2005. The ecological impacts of wild boar rooting in East Sussex. http://www.britishwildboar.org.uk/The%20ecological%20impacts%20of%20wild%20boar%20rooting%20in%20East%20Sussex.pdf (accessed 8 November 2021).

Tree, I. 2018., Wilding: The Return of Nature to a British Farm. Picador, London.

Vera, F. 2000. Grazing Ecology and Forest History. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.

Yamamoto, D. 2017. Wild Boar. Reaktion Books, London.

Chapter 2: Birds of Prey

Dennis, R. 2021. Restoring the Wild: Sixty Years of Rewilding Our Skies, Woods and Waterways. William Collins, Glasgow.

Evans, R., O’Toole, L. and Whitfield, D. 2012. The history of eagles in Britain and Ireland: An ecological review of placename and documentary evidence from the last 1500 years. Bird Study, 59(3): 1–15.

Kenward, R. 2006. The Goshawk. T & AD Poyser, London.

Lourenco, R., Santos, S. M., Rabaça, J. E. and Penteriani, V. 2011. Superpredation patterns in four large European raptors. Population Ecology, 53: 175–185.

Mueller, A., Chakarov, N., Heseker, H. and Krüger, O. 2016. Intraguild predation leads to cascading effects on habitat choice, behaviour and reproductive performance. Journal of Animal Ecology, 85(3): 774–84.

Newton, I. 1987. The Sparrowhawk, Shire Publications. London.

Newton, I. 1998. Population Limitation in Birds. Academic Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Newton, I. 2010. Population Ecology of Raptors. T & AD Poyser, London.

Penteriani, V. and Delgado, M. 2019. The Eagle Owl. T & AD Poyser, London.

Sergio, F. and Hiraldo, F. 2008. Intraguild predation in raptor assemblages: a review. IBIS, 150(1): 132–145.

Watson, J. 2010. The Golden Eagle. T & AD Poyser, London.

Williams, S., Perkins, S. E., Dennis, R., Byrne, J. P. and Thomas, R. J. 2020. An evidence-based assessment of the past distribution of Golden and White-tailed Eagles across Wales. Conservation Science and Practice, 2(2).

Yalden, D. 2007. The older history of the White-tailed Eagle in Britain, British Birds, 100(8): 471–480.

Chapter 3: Beavers

Brazier, R., Puttock, A., Graham, H. A., Auster, R. E., Davies K. H. and Brown, C. M. L. 2020. Beaver: Nature's ecosystem engineers. WIREs Water, 8(1).

Campbell-Palmer, R., et al. 2015. The Eurasian Beaver, Pelagic Publishing, Exeter.

Campbell-Palmer, R., et al. 2016. The Eurasian Beaver Handbook: Ecology and Management of Castor fiber, Pelagic Publishing, Exeter.

Cooke, H. A. 2008. Influence of beaver dam density on riparian areas and riparian birds in shrubsteppe of Wyoming. Western North American Naturalist, 68: 365–373.

Crumley, J. 2015. Nature's Architect: The Beaver's Return to Our Wild Landscapes, Saraband, Manchester.

Dalbeck, L., Hachtel, M. and Campbell-Palmer, R. 2020. A review of the influence of beaver Castor fiber on amphibian assemblages in the floodplains of European temperate streams and rivers. The Herpetological Journal, 30(3): 135–146.

Dalbeck, L., Lüscher, B. and Ohlhoff, D. 2007. Beaver ponds as habitat of amphibian communities in a central European highland. Amphibia-Reptilia, 28(4): 493–501.

Goldfarb, B. 2019. Eager: The Surprising, Secret Life of Beavers and Why They Matter. Chelsea Green Publishing, Chelsea, Vermont.

Gow, D. 2020. Bringing Back the Beaver: The Story of One Man’s Quest to Rewild Britain’s Waterways. Chelsea Green Publishing, Chelsea, Vermont.

Janiszewski, P., Hanzal, V. and Misiukiewicz, W. 2014. The Eurasian Beaver (Castor fiber) as a Keystone Species – a Literature Review, Baltic Forestry, 20(2): 277–286.

Author note: This article constitutes, in the author’s opinion, one of the most comprehensive single syntheses of the beaver’s ecosystem impacts on individual species and faunal and floral groups in Europe, drawing on a wide range of studies across Europe. Studies mentioned in the text, and not specifically cited, can be found cited in the paper above.

Jiménez, J. E. 2012. Do beavers improve the habitat quality for Magellanic Woodpeckers? Bosque, 33(3): 271–274.

Johnston, C. A. 2017. Beavers: Boreal Ecosystem Engineers, Springer, London.

Kemp, P., Worthington, T. A., Langford, T. E. L. and Tree, A. 2011. Qualitative and quantitative effects of reintroduced beavers on stream fish. Fish and Fisheries, 13(2): 158–181.

Law, A., Gaywood, M. J., Jones, K. C., Ramsay, P. and Willby, N. J. 2017. Using ecosystem engineers as tools in habitat restoration and rewilding: beaver and wetlands. Science of The Total Environment, volumes 605-606: 1021–1030.

Law, A., Levanoni, O., Foster, G., Ecke, F. and Willby, N. J. 2019. Are beavers a solution to the freshwater biodiversity crisis?. Diversity and Distributions, 25(11): 1763-1772.

Pietrasz, K., Sikora, D., Chodkiewicz, T., Ślęzak, M. and Woźniak, B. 2019. Keystone role of Eurasian beaver Castor fiber in creating the suitable habitat over the core breeding range for forest specialist species the three-toed woodpecker Picoides tridactylus. Baltic Forestry, 25(2).

Pollock, M. M., Pess, G. R. and Beechie, T. 2004. The Importance of Beaver Ponds to Coho Salmon Production in the Stillaguamish River Basin, Washington, USA. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 24(3): 749–760.

Stevens, C. E., Pazkowski, C. A. and Foote, L. 2007. Beaver (Castor canadensis) as a surrogate species for conserving anuran amphibians on boreal streams in Alberta, Canada. Biological Conservation, 134(1): 1–13.

Stringer, A.P., Blake, D. and Gaywood, M. J. 2015. A review of beaver (Castor spp.) impacts on biodiversity, and potential impacts following a reintroduction to Scotland. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report, No. 815.

Chapter 4: Whales

Alter, S. E., Rynes, E. and Palumbi, S. R. 2007. DNA evidence for historic population size and past ecosystem impacts of gray whales. PNAS, 104(38): 15162–15167.

Estes, J. A., Doak, D. F., Springer, A. M. and Williams, T. M. 2009. Causes and consequences of marine mammal population declines in southwest Alaska: a food-web perspective. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 364(1524), 1647–1658.

Lavery, T. J., Roudnew, B., Seymour, J., Mitchell, J. G., Smetacek, V. and Nicol, S. 2014. Whales sustain fisheries: Blue whales stimulate primary production in the Southern Ocean. Marine Mammal Science, 30(3): 888–904.

Pershing, A. J., Christensen, L. B., Record, N. R., Sherwood, G. D. and Stetson, P. B. 2010. The Impact of Whaling on the Ocean Carbon Cycle: Why Bigger Was Better. PLoS ONE, 5(8).

Rocha, R. C., Jr., Clapham, P. J. and Ivashchenko, Y. 2015. Emptying the Oceans: A Summary of Industrial Whaling Catches in the 20th Century. Marine Fisheries Review, 76(4): 37–48.

Rodrigues, A. S., Charpentier, A., Bernal-Casasola, D., Gardeisen, A., Nores, C., Millán, J. A. P., McGrath, K. and Speller, C. F. 2018. Forgotten Mediterranean calving grounds of grey and North Atlantic right whales: evidence from Roman archaeological records. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285(1882).

Roman J. and Palumbi, S. R. 2003. Whales Before Whaling in the North Atlantic. Science, 301(5632), 508–510.

Roman, J., Estes, J. A., Morisette, L., Smith, C., Costa, D., McCarthy, J., Nation, J. B., Nicol, S., Pershing, A. and Smetacek, V. 2014. Whales as marine ecosystem engineers. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 12(7): 377–385.

Smetacek, V. 2006. Are declining Antarctic krill stocks a result of global warming or decimation of the whales? Invited lecture, Scientific Debate on Impacts of Global Warming on Polar Ecosystems, BBVA Foundation, Palacia de Marqués de Salamanca, Madrid.

Smith, L. V., McMinn, A., Martin, A., Nicol, S., Bowie, A. R., Lannuzel, D. and van der Merwe, P. 2013. Preliminary investigation into the stimulation of phytoplankton photophysiology and growth by whale faeces. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 446: 1–9.

Chapter 5: Bees

Battisti, L., Potrich, M., Sampaio, A. R., de Castilhos Ghisi, N., Costa-Maia, F. M., Abati, R., dos Reis Martinez, C. B. and Sofia, S. H. 2021. Is glyphosate toxic to bees? A meta-analytical review. Science of The Total Environment, volume 767.

Benjamin, A. and McCallum, B. 2009. A World without Bees, Guardian Books, London.

Carson, R. 2000. Silent Spring. Penguin Classics, London.

Darwin, C. 1859. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. John Murray, London.

Goulson, D. 2009. Bumblebees: Behaviour, Ecology and Conservation. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Goulson, D. 2015. A Buzz in the Meadow. Vintage, London,

Goulson, D. 2020. The Garden Jungle: or Gardening to Save the Planet. Vintage, London.

Goulson, D. 2021. Silent Earth: Averting the Insect Apocalypse. Jonathan Cape, London.

Snchez-Bayo, F. and Wyckhuys, K. A. G. 2019. Worldwide decline of the entomofauna: A review of its drivers. Biological Conservation, 232: 8–27.

Woodcock, B. A., et al. 2016. Impacts of neonicotinoid use on long-term population changes in wild bees in England. Nature Communications, 7.

Woodcock, B. A., et al. 2017. Country-specific effects of neonicotinoid pesticides on honey bees and wild bees. Science, 356(6345): 1393–1395.

Chapter 6: Cattle and Horses

Burnside, J. 2021. Aurochs and Auks: Essays on Mortality and Extinction. Little Toller Books, Beaminster.

Duncan, P. 1991. Horses and Grasses: The Nutritional Ecology of Equids and Their Impact in the Carmargue, Springer, London.

Hall, S. J. G. 2008. A comparative analysis of the habitat of the extinct aurochs and other prehistoric mammals in Britain, Ecography, 31(2): 187–190.

Linnartz, L. and Meissner, R. 2014. Rewilding Horses in Europe: Background and guidelines – a living document. Rewilding Europe, Nijmegen.

Stokstad, E. 2015. Bringing back the Aurochs. Science, 350(6265): 1144–1147.

Tree, I. 2018. Wilding: The Return of Nature to a British Farm. Picador, London.

Uchida, D. 2019. Wild Horses of Mongolia: The Przewalski Horse in Hustai National Park. Kindle edition.

Vera, F. 2000. Grazing Ecology and Forest History. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.

Chapter 7: Trees

Bobiec, A., et al. 2005. The Afterlife of a Tree. WWF Poland, Białystok.

Sheldrake, M. 2021. Entangled Life: How Fungi Make Our Worlds, Change Our Minds and Shapre Our Futures. Vintage, London.

Wohlleben, P. 2017. The Hidden Life of Trees: What They Fell, How They Communicate: Discoveries from a Secret World. William Collins, Glasgow.

Wohlleben, P. 2018. The Secret Network of Nature: The Delicate Balance of All Living Things. Vintage, London.

Chapter 8: Lynx and Wolves

Andrén, H. and Liberg, O. 2015. Large Impact of Eurasian Lynx Predation on Roe Deer Population Dynamics. PLoS ONE, 10(3).

Barnett, R. 2020. The Missing Lynx: The Past and Future of Britain’s Mammals, Bloomsbury Wildlife, London.

Beschta, R. L. and Ripples, W. J. 2010. Recovering Riparian Plant Communities with Wolves in Northern Yellowstone, U.S.A. Restoration Ecology 18(3): 380–389.

Carroll, S.B. 2017. The Serengeti Rules: The Quest to Discover How Life Works and Why It Matters. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

Dennis, R. 2016. Wildcat & Lynx – always remember the bigger picture. https://www.roydennis.org/2016/06/17/wildcat-lynx-always-remember-the-bigger-picture/ (accessed 21 November 2021).

Hetherington, D. 2018. The Lynx and Us. Wild Media Foundation, Inverness-shire.

Odden, J., et al. 2002. Lynx Depredation on Domestic Sheep in Norway, Journal of Wildlife Management, 66(1): 98–105.

Pasenen-Mortensen, M., Pyykönen, M. and Elmhagen, B. 2013. Where lynx prevail, foxes will fail – limitation of a mesopredator in Eurasia, Global Ecology and Biogeography, 22(7): 868–877.

Ripples, W. J. and Beschta, R. L. 2011. Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: The first 15 years after wolf reintroduction. Biological Conservation, 145(1): 205–213.

Ripples, W. J., Beschta, R. L. and Painter, L. E. 2015. Trophic cascades from wolves to alders in Yellowstone. Forest Ecology and Management, 345: 254–260.

Sidorovich, V. E. 2006. Relationship between prey availability and population dynamics of the Eurasian lynx and its diet in northern Belarus. Mammal Research, 51: 265–274.

Sidorovich, V. E. and Rotenko, I. 2019. Reproduction biology in grey wolves Canis lupus in Belarus: Common beliefs versus reality. Chatyry Chverci, Minsk.

Author note: The core studies cited can be found on Sidorovich’s blog: https://sidorovich.blog/ (accessed: 21 November 2021). In the author’s opinion, these are the most revelatory field studies of wolves and lynx in Europe, in a comparable environment to that we once had here in the UK.

Sidorovich, V. E., Gouwy, J. and Rotenko, I. 2018. Unknown Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx: New findings on the species ecology and behaviour, Chatyry Chverci, Minsk.

Sidorovich, V. E., Rotenjo, I. I. and Krasko, D. A. 2011. Badger Meles meles Spatial Structure and Diet in an Area of Low Earthworm Biomass and High Predation Risk. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 48(1): 1–16.

Smith, D. W., et al. 2020. Yellowstone Wolves: Science and Discovery in the World's First National Park. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Smith, D. W., Peterson, R. O. and Houston, D. B. 2003.Yellowstone after Wolves. BioScience, 53(4): 330–340.

Chapter 9: Humans

Brown, G. 2018. Dirt to Soil: One Family’s Journey into Regenerative Agriculture. Chelsea Green Publishing, Chelsea, Vermont.

Fortier, J-M. 2014. The Market Gardener: A Successful Grower's Handbook for Small-Scale Organic Farming. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, British Columbia.

Rebanks, J. 2021. English Pastoral: An Inheritance. Penguin, London.