For bathroom breaks, a puppy can hold its urine one more hour than its age in months; by month six, a dog should go out every six to eight hours.
When it comes to exercise, aim for two walks a day—dogs are stimulated by all the scents outdoors. A brisk walk around the block is fine for low-energy and older dogs; otherwise, aim for a 20- to 30-minute stint at a panting pace.
On inclement-weather days, play fetch or tug-of-war in a hallway or the basement, or hide treats around the home for a game of hide-and-seek.
Stash leashes and waste bags by the door for easy grabbing on your way out.
5. make time to play with felines
It’s easy to assume these independent animals can fend for themselves, but cats benefit from enrichment the same as dogs do.
Channel a cat’s natural tendencies with climbing toys, such as a tiered “cat condo,” or let her play with paper bags and boxes.
Laser pointers and battery-operated mice prompt hide-and-seek play and predatory behavior.
“Play” can also include any activity that breeds bonding—training, grooming, even lounging together on the sofa.
Aim for a few 15-minute stints throughout the day.
6. bathe and groom as needed
Daily toothbrushing is recommended, though even a few times a week is better than nothing. Use a soft toothbrush (or finger cot) and pet-specific toothpaste; baking soda wipes are good for pets who won’t tolerate a brush, as are dental chews.
Most pets should be bathed every four to six weeks—more often in case of an oily coat or allergy. (Cats can probably go longer between bathings—and may need a trip to the groomer.) Don’t overdo it—too-frequent bathing (and hot water) can cause dry skin and more dander.
A nonslip mat is helpful for the tub, shower, or sink; use a gentle pH-balanced shampoo and optional conditioner for pets (never human products).
Even short-haired breeds benefit from having their coats brushed every now and then (to keep them shiny); for long-haired dogs and cats, pick a deshedding tool that you and your pet find comfortable and use it daily.
Guillotine-style nail trimmers are best for small to medium-size dogs, scissor clippers for large dogs. Either works for cats, but with the former you run less risk of cutting into the nail’s quick. (Or have the groomer do this for you.)
Smush-nose cats and dogs are prone to tear stains (and bacterial buildup) under their eyes; use a gentle pet-specific formula to clean this area.