Abbott, Berenice,
Abbott, Robert Sengstacke,
Aborigines Society of London,
Addams, Jane,
Africa
Du Bois on fate of,
German colonies in,
Lelia Walker in,
Madam Walker’s invocation of,
proposed vocational school in,
Africanisms prohibited under slavery,
African Methodist Episcopal Church,
Avery Chapel AME,
Bethel AME Church,
Metropolitan AME Church,
missionary work of,
St. Paul AME Church,
Shorter Chapel AME Church,
Western University,
African Methodist Zion Church, Mother AME Zion Church,
Afro-American Realty Company,
Afros. See Hair—Afro style of
Aida (Verdi’s opera),
Albuquerque (New Mexico),
Allen, James Latimer,
Allen, William E.,
Allison, James A.,
Alopecia,
Alpha Home for the Aged,
Aluminum Ore Company,
A.M.E. Church Review,
Amenia Conference (1916),
American Can Company,
American Eagle,
American Guild of Organists,
American Health and Beauty Aids Institute,
American Red Cross,
American Tobacco,
Anderson, Charles W.,
Anderson, Jervis,
Anderson, Marian,
Anheuser-Busch,
Apex Company,
Arden, Elizabeth,
Ardsley Casino,
Armour meatpacking plant,
Armstrong, Mary,
Armstrong, Samuel Chapman,
Ashley, Della Hammond,
Ashley, James,
Associated Press,
Association for the Protection of Colored Women,
Astor, Mrs. Vincent,
Atlanta (Georgia),
Wheat Street Baptist Church,
Atlanta Baptist College,
Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary,
Atlanta Life Insurance Company,
Atlanta University,
Atlantic City (New Jersey),
Atlantic Fleet (U.S. Navy),
Attucks, Crispus,
Avon (company),
Baker, Newton,
Ballou, Charles,
Baltimore, Charles,
Baltimore (Maryland),
Banking,
Baptist churches,
Florida Baptist Academy,
National Baptist Convention (NBC),
Barbers,
Barksdale, Mrs.,
Barnard, Sir Frank,
Barrett, Ethel,
Barthé, Richmond,
Bass, Paul,
Battle Creek Sanitarium,
Bearden, Bessye,
Bearden, Howard,
Beauty culture. See Cosmetics industry;
Hair care products;
Hairdressing
Beck, E. M.,
Bell, Frances,
Bell, James,
Bennett, William S.,
Bercovici, Kenneth,
Berlin Conference (1884–85),
Bethune, Mary McLeod,
Bible, the, hair in,
Birmingham (Alabama),
Birth of a Nation, The (movie),
Bisbee (Arizona),
Bishop, Hutchens C.,
Bitter Sweet (play),
Black entrepreneurs, number of,
Black women
forced to work in South,
Liberty Loan subscribed to by,
lynching of,
Madam Walker as demonstration of ability of,
Madam Walker breaks stereotype of,
married, 1900 rate of employment of,
migration to North by,
Missouri federation of,
number in U.S. of,
wages of,
Blake, Eubie,
Blascoer, Frances,
Bledsoe, Jules,
Bluefield (West Virginia),
Boley (Oklahoma),
Bon Bons, The,
Bond, Scott,
Bonds, Caska,
Booker T. Washington Memorial Fund,
Boston (Massachusetts),
armistice celebrated in,
Boston Chemical Company,
Boston Globe,
Boston Guardian,
Bowen, Cornelia,
Breckenridge, George W.,
Breedlove, Alexander,
death of,
Breedlove, Anjetta,
Breedlove, Gladis,
Breedlove, Hettie Martin,
Breedlove, James,
death of,
Breedlove, Louvenia,
Breedlove, Lucy Crockett,
supported by Madam Walker,
Breedlove, Mary (Alexander’s wife),
Breedlove, Mattie,
Breedlove, Minerva,
death of,
Breedlove, Owen,
death of,
Breedlove, Owen, Jr.,
Breedlove, Samira,
Breedlove, Sarah. See Walker, Madam C. J.
Breedlove, Solomon,
death of,
Breedlove, Thirsapen,
Briand, Aristide,
Brill, Edith,
British military intelligence,
Brockton (Massachusetts),
Brokenburr, Robert Lee,
Brooks, Ellen,
Brooks, W. Sampson,
Brooks, William H.,
Brown, Anita Patti,
Brown, Charlotte Hawkins,
Brown, Clara,
Brown, James W.,
Brown, Margaret Tobin (“Unsinkable Molly”),
Brown, S. Joe,
Brown, Sallie,
Brown, Sue Wilson,
Bruce, John,
Bryant, Ida Webb,
Bryant, Perry,
Bryant, Peter James,
Bryant, Sarah Etta Hammond,
Buel, James,
Buffalo (New York),
Bulldozers (vigilantes),
Bundles, A’Lelia, “Prologue” by,
Bundles, A’Lelia Mae Perry (mother of A’Lelia Bundles),
death of,
as executive of Walker firm,
Bundles, S. Henry (A’Lelia Bundles’ father),
Burleigh, Harry T.,
Burlington Railroad,
Burnette, Alice,
Burney, Robert W., plantation of,
Burroughs, Nannie Helen,
Business
Madam Walker’s success in,
number of black entrepreneurs,
See also National Negro Business League (NNBL)
“Buy black,”
Bynner, Witter,
Cairo (Egypt), Lelia Walker in,
Calder, William M.,
California Perfume Company,
Call, Charles,
Cameroon,
Camp Logan (Texas), executions at,
Camp Merritt (New Jersey), black soldiers murdered at,
Camp Sherman (Ohio),
Camp Upton (Long Island, New York),
Cannon, George,
Cape May (New Jersey),
Carnegie, Andrew,
Carrollton (Mississippi),
Carter, Elizabeth,
Carter, Lavinia,
Caruso, Enrico,
Castle, Vernon and Irene,
Central City (Colorado),
Central Committee of Negro College Men,
Century magazine,
Charleston (South Carolina),
Charlton, Melville,
Chicago (Illinois),
blacks in,
Hull-House,
Institutional Church,
Olivet Baptist Church,
Walker salons in,
World’s Columbian Exposition (1893),
YMCA in,
Chicago Broad Ax,
Chicago Defender,
threatened banning of,
Chillicothe (Ohio),
Cholera,
Christian, Virginia,
Churchill, Peter Spencer,
Cincinnati (Ohio),
boycott by Walker agents in,
Circle for Negro War Relief,
Clarion, The (newspaper),
Clemenceau, Georges,
Coconut oil,
Coldwell, Julia,
Coleman, Julia H. P.,
Collier’s Weekly,
Collins, James A.,
Colorado Equal Suffrage Association,
Colorado Springs (Colorado),
Colorado State Federation (NACW),
Colorado Statesman,
Colored American Magazine,
Colored American Review,
Columbia University,
Columbus (Ohio),
Walker salon planned for,
Commercial Club of Indianapolis,
Companions of the Forest,
Continental Chemical Company,
Cook, Will Marion,
Cookman Institute,
Coppedge, Samuel,
Copper sulfate,
Cornish, Samuel,
Cosey, A. B.,
Cosmetics industry
Madam Walker’s entry into,
revolution in,
See also Hair care products; Hairdressing
Costa Rica, Madam Walker in,
Cottman, Ezekiel T.,
Cotton Club (Harlem),
Cotton States and International Exposition (1895),
Court of Calanthe,
Coward, Noël,
Cox, Dr. Charleston,
Cox, Diamond,
Crane and Company,
Crisis, The (NAACP magazine)
Du Bois as editor of,
Jessie Fauset as literary editor of,
first advertisement by Madam Walker in,
Nigger Heaven reviewed in,
obituary of Madam Walker in,
Post Office’s attempted banning of,
Crockett, C. C.,
Cuba,
Cullen, Countee,
“From the Dark Tower,”
Cullen, Frederick A.,
Curris, Alice,
Curris, James Webb,
Curtis, William P.,
Cuticura,
Dailey, Maceo C., Jr.,
Daily Picayune, The,
Dallas (Texas),
Dandruff,
Daniels, Josephus,
Dark Tower, The (Harlem salon),
Davis, Angela,
Davis, Jefferson,
Davis, John H.,
claims against estate by,
Madam Walker’s failure to divorce,
Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute for Negro Girls,
Dean, Jennie,
Death penalty, NACW protest of,
Debs, Eugene,
DeFrantz, F. E.,
Delaney, Emma Bertha,
Delta (Louisiana),
Madam Walker’s return to,
Democratic party, in Louisiana after Civil War,
Denver (Colorado),
blacks in,
general description of,
Madam Walker in,
Madam Walker’s return to,
Shorter Chapel AME Church,
Tabor Grand Opera House,
“ Denver & Rio Grande Railway (D&RG),
Depp, Louis,
Derrick, William B., house of,
Deshay, W. D.,
Des Moines (Iowa),
See also Fort Des Moines
Diagne, Blaise,
Dickens, Charles,
Diseases,
See also Scalp disease
Dismond, Geraldyn (Gerri Major),
Doley, Harold,
Dorsey, Mary Ross,
Double-consciousness of blacks,
Douglas, Aaron,
Douglass, Frederick,
NACW’s purchase of former home of,
Douglass, Joseph,
Draper, Muriel,
Drug stores first black woman to open,
Glossine sold in,
Du Bois, W.E.B.,
in East Saint Louis,
in Jamaica,
Lelia Walker described by,
in NAACP,
Amenia Conference,
Crisis editor,
New York extravaganza staged by,
Nigger Heaven reviewed by,
in NNBL founding,
obituary of Lelia Walker by,
obituary of Madam Walker by,
at Paris Peace Conference,
ragtime and catwalk condemned by,
on return of World War I soldiers,
split between Washington and,
World War I supported by,
See also Niagara Movement
Dumas, Albert,
Dumas, Henry,
Dunbar, Matilda,
Dunbar, Paul Lawrence,
Dunn, Oscar James,
Dvorrák, Antonin,
Dyer, Leonidas,
Dyett, Reverend William,
East Saint Louis (Illinois), race riot at,
protests against,
Eckstein-Norton Institute,
Eczema,
Electrocution, NACW protest of,
Eli Lilly Company,
Emancipation Proclamation,
Enright, Richard,
Erichsen, Sir John E.,
Espionage Act of 1917,
Ethiopia, Lelia Walker in,
Eufaula (Alabama),
Europe, James Reese,
military service of,
murder of,
Evans, Richard,
Ewing, Max,
Exodusters,
Face bleaches,
Fairbanks, Charles W.,
Farmer, William,
Farmers and Citizens Savings Bank,
Fauset, Jessie,
Felt, Lillie Burney,
Fields. B. W.,
15th Infantry Regiment (New York Guard). See 369th Infantry Regiment
Fisher, Carl,
Fisher, Zenobia,
Fisk University,
Fitzgerald, F. Scott,
Fletcher, Stoughton,
Fletcher American Bank,
Florida Baptist Academy,
Flushing (New York), Madam Walker’s purchase of mansion in,
Ford, Barney,
Ford, Justina,
Ford Motor Company,
Fort Des Moines,
Fortune, T. Thomas,
Foster, W. J.,
Francis, David R.,
Franklin, Chester A.,
Fraternal organizations,
Madam Walker’s preparations endorsed by,
See also specific fraternal organizations
Freedman’s Bureau,
Freedom’s Journal,
Freeman, Elizabeth,
Freemen (free blacks),
skin color and,
Frelinghuysen, Joseph L.,
Frick, Henry C.,
Frissell, Hollis B.,
Frissell, Sidney,
Fugitt, Callie,
Fuller, Alfred C.,
Fuller Brush Company,
Furniss, Henry,
Furniss, Sumner,
Gamble, James N.,
Garland, Phyl,
Garrison, William Lloyd,
Garside, Frances,
Garvey, Marcus,
Paris Peace Conference and,
Garvin, Charles,
Gary (Indiana),
Genealogical tables,
General Federation of Women’s Clubs,
George, Czarina,
George, Louis,
Georgia
lynching in,
troops of, and St. Louis World’s Fair,
German colonies in Africa,
Gibson, Charles Dana,
Gibson Girl,
Gillette, King,
Ginzburg, Ralph,
Givens, B. F.,
Givens, Delilah,
Glossine,
drug store sales of,
Godard, Arthur H.,
Good Citizens League,
Gould, Jay,
Grand Cake Walk Contest (St. Louis),
Grant, Ulysses S.,
Grateau, Marcel,
Great Depression,
Green, Henrietta “Hetty,”
Griffin, Myrtis,
Griffith, D. W.,
Griggs, E. M.,
Grimké, Francis,
Hadnott, W. W.,
Haines Industrial and Normal Institute,
Hair
Afro style of,
ancient African grooming of,
in the Bible,
commercial value of,
in Denver climate,
Madam Walker on hats and,
Madam Walker’s problems with her,
Madam Walker’s scalp treatment and. See Walker System
of Mae Walker,
politics of,
slave masters and,
social status and,
straighteners of
hair-care preparations distinguished from,
hot comb,
Madam Walker and,
manufacturers of,
newspaper ads for,
whether blacks should use,
Hair care products
C. J. Walker’s business in,
Deshay’s,
distinguished from straighteners,
Madam Walker’s
discovered in a dream,
growing hair her aim,
her experimentation,
ingredients,
See also Glossine; Wonderful Hair Grower
meeting of manufacturers of,
at 1912 NNBL convention,
1920s competition in,
recycling of tins for,
Washington’s dismissal of,
World War I shortages of,
See also Pope-Turnbo, Annie
Hairdressers, black,
Hairdressing
proposed Tuskegee course in,
revolution in,
Haiti
Madam Walker on,
Paris Peace Conference delegates of,
U.S. Minister to,
Haley, Victoria Clay,
Hamitic League,
Hammond, Littleton,
Hammond, Samira Thomas,
Hampton Institute,
Handy, W. C.,
Harlan, Louis R.,
Harlem (New York City)
description of,
history of,
Madam Walker’s 1913 trip to,
Madam Walker’s move to,
Mother AME Zion Church,
Payton fosters move by blacks to,
St. Philip’s Protestant Episcopal Church,
Walker town house in,
rented to New York City,
War Department surveillance of,
World War I troops from. See 369th Infantry Regiment
Harlem Child Welfare League,
Harlem Monthly Magazine,
Harlem Property Owners’ Protective Association,
“Harlem Rag,”
Harlem Renaissance,
Harper’s Monthly,
Harris, J. C.,
Harris, J. W.,
Harrison, Benjamin,
Harrison, Hubert,
Harrison, Maria,
Harrison, Richard B.,
Harvard University,
Hawkins, Celeste,
Hayes, Rutherford B.,
Hayward, William,
Hearst, William Randolph,
Heckscher, August,
Helena (Arkansas),
“Here Comes My Daddy Now” (song),
Herndon, Alonzo,
Himes, Chester,
Hinckley Bible,
Hinds County Gazette,
Hine, Darlene Clark,
Hippocrates,
Holley, M. A.,
Holliday, Evaline,
Holliday, John,
Holly, C. A.,
Holt, Nora,
Honea Path (South Carolina),
Hoover, Herbert,
Hope, John,
Hot Springs (Arkansas),
House, Edward M.,
Houston (Texas), soldiers’ riot in,
Howard, Antoinette,
Howard University,
Hudspath, Robert S.,
Huggins, Nathan Irvin,
Hughes, Charles Evans,
Hughes, Langston,
“To A’Lelia,”
“The Weary Blues,”
Hull-House (Chicago),
Hunt, Nathan, at Paris Peace Conference,
Hunter, Alberta,
Hunter, Tera,
Hunton, Addie,
Hylan, John S.,
ILDP. See International League of Darker Peoples
Illinois, troops of, and St. Louis World’s Fair,
“I’ll See You Again” (song),
“I’m Just Wild About Harry” (song),
Income tax,
Indiana, free blacks in,
Indiana Association of Negro Physicians, Dentists, and Pharmacists,
Indiana Historical Society,
Indianapolis (Indiana)
Alpha Home,
Bethel AME Church,
blacks in,
description of,
Isis Theatre incident in,
Madam Walker’s home in,
Madam Walker moves from,
Madam Walker settles in,
Walker firm in. See Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company
Walker Theatre in,
YMCA in,
Indianapolis Freeman,
Indianapolis Motor Speedway,
Indianapolis News,
Indianapolis Recorder,
Indianapolis Star,
Indianapolis World,
International League of Darker Peoples (ILDP),
Inter-State Tattler (tabloid),
Iowa Bystander,
Iowa Federation of Colored Women,
Irvington-on-Hudson, Madam Walker’s Villa Lewaro mansion in,
attempted sale of,
auction of treasures of,
construction of,
description of,
general contractors for,
International League of Darker Peoples meeting at,
Lelia Walker’s entertainments at,
in Madam Walker’s last will,
as National Historic Landmark,
1918 birthday and Christmas at,
origin of name of,
plans for,
Scott dinner at,
369th welcomed at,
Jacks, James W.,
Jackson, Andrew,
Jackson, Czarina,
Jackson, Gordon,
Jackson, Walker Gordon (Walker Perry),
Jackson, Ida Joyce,
Jackson, May Howard,
Jackson, William Sherman,
Jackson (Mississippi),
black women required to work in,
Jacksonville (Florida),
Jamaica, Madam Walker in,
James, Mrs. William,
Japan
at Paris Peace Conference,
possible alliance between blacks and,
in St. Louis World’s Fair exhibit,
Jet magazine,
Johnson, Alexander,
Johnson, Andrew,
Johnson, Charles S.,
Johnson, Henry,
Johnson, J. Rosamond,
Johnson, James Weldon,
antilynching march organized by,
in 1917 delegation to White House,
Paris Peace Conference and,
World War I supported by,
Johnson, Mary L.,
Johnson Manufacturing Company,
Jonas, R. D.,
Jones, Eugene Kinckle,
Jones, Frank,
Jones, Jacqueline,
Jones, Sissieretta,
Joplin, Scott,
Jordan, David Starr,
Jordan, Joe,
Joyner, Marjorie Stewart,
Judd, Dr.,
Julian, Hubert Fauntleroy,
Just, Ernest,
Kaninga, Edmund,
Kansas, black emigration to,
Kansas City Star,
Keller, Helen,
Kellogg, John Harvey,
Kelly, Alice,
in Madam Walker’s last will,
Kennedy, James Arthur,
divorce of,
King, C. D. B.,
Kinkilla,
Kink-No-More,
Knights of the White Camelia,
Knox, George,
Knox, Mr. and Mrs. Elwood,
Knoxville College, Lelia Walker in,
Kornweibel, Theodore,
Kuriowa, S.,
Kuykendall, Rufus,
Ladies’ Home Journal, The,
La Liberté (Paris newspaper),
Lamentation Day (1892),
Laney, Lucy,
Lansing, Robert,
Larrie, Dora,
married to C. J. Walker,
Lattimore, George,
Laundresses. See Washerwomen
Lawrence, Arthur,
Layten, S. Willie,
Lee, Jeremiah,
Lee, Shelton “Stack,”
Lee County (Georgia),
Le Figaro (Paris newspaper),
Lelia College,
Leonard, C. Henri,
Lewis, David Levering,
Lewis, Dr.,
Lewis, Edna. See Thomas, Edna Lewis
Lewis, James Hamilton,
Lewis, William,
Lewis, William H.,
Lias, Jennie Gully,
Liberator,
Liberia
AME churches in,
emigration to,
Madam Walker’s rescue of girls in,
Paris Peace Conference delegates of,
Liberty Loan,
Lice,
Liggett & Myers,
Lincoln, Abraham,
Lincoln Motion Picture Company,
Lincoln University,
L’Intransigeant (Paris newspaper),
Literary Digest,
Little, William,
Littleton, Elijah,
Livingstone College,
Lloyd George, David,
Locke, Alain,
Logan, Adella Hunt,
Logan, Warren,
London (England), Lelia Walker in,
Long, Anna Burney,
Long, Jefferson,
Long, R. Burney,
Los Angeles (California)
Madam Walker in,
Walker operation in,
Louisiana
constitutional convention in,
lynching in,
Republican legislature in,
schools closed in,
Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904),
Louisville (Kentucky),
Lovejoy (Illinois),
Low, Seth,
Lunn, George,
Lydia Pinkham’s patent medicine,
Lynch, Mary,
Lynching
Harlem 1917 mass meeting against,
Lamentation Day (1892) protest of,
false story of Madam Walker’s first husband,
Madam Walker’s work in prevention of,
contributions,
NAACP campaigns against,
NACW condemnation of,
newspaper reports of,
proposed federal law against,
publisher’s pledge of $100,000 for convictions in,
statistics on,
See also Race riots
Lyndhurst (mansion),
Lyons, William,
McGee, W. J.,
McGowan, Hugh J.,
McLean County (Kentucky),
McNairdee, Mrs. L. E.,
McWilliams, Moses,
McWilliams, Sallie (married name of Sarah Breedlove),
Madam C. J. Walker’s National Association of Hair Growers,
Madam C. J. Walker Benevolent Association,
Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company,
Christmas 1930 messages to workers at,
closing of,
competition with,
cosmetics line of,
factory of,
in Great Depression,
incorporation of,
landmarking of building of,
Lelia Walker as president of,
Lelia Walker’s declining interest in,
new headquarters and factory of,
1955 description of,
1960s reaction against products of,
1920s sales of,
stock of,
Madam Walker Beauty Culturists Union (organization of Walker agents),
Madam Walker Spirit Awards for Entrepreneurs,
Madam Walker Theatre Center, as National Historic Landmark,
Madison Times-Democrat,
Mahan Sisters,
Major, Gerri. See Dismond, Geraldyn
Malone, Aaron,
Malone, Annie. See Pope-Turnbo, Annie
Manassas Industrial School,
Mance, Mercer,
Mann, William Hodges,
Manning, A. E.,
Manufacturing, largest black enterprise in,
Marcel Wave,
Marinoff, Fania,
Marshall (Texas),
Martin, Mary,
Masons,
Maury County (Tennessee),
Medical Reserve Corps,
Memphis (Tennessee)
Avery Chapel AME,
Persons lynching in,
Menelik II (Emperor of Ethiopia),
Mercer, R. E.,
Messenger, The,
Methodist churches,
Metropolis (Illinois),
Migrants from the South,
Layten’s association for protection of female,
Madam Walker’s agents’ responsibility for,
in World War I,
Miller, Flournoy,
Miller-Reed Company,
Mills, Florence,
Minos, Mrs. J. M.,
Mirski, Prince Basil,
Mississippi
lynchings in,
Parchman Prison,
Mississippi River,
steamboats on,
Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway,
Missouri Federation of Colored Women,
Missouri Press Society,
Mite Missionary Society,
Monarch Talking Picture Company,
Montani, P. L.,
Montgomery Ward,
Moody, Mrs, O. L.,
Moore, Al,
Moore, Fred,
Moorland, Jesse,
Morehouse College,
Morgan, J. P.,
Morgan State University,
Morris, Elias Camp,
Moton, Robert Russa,
at Paris Peace Conference,
Wilson’s meeting with,
Mound Bayou (Mississippi),
Mt. Meigs School,
Murat, Princess Violette,
Murrell, William,
Music School Settlement,
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People),
Amenia Conference (1916) of,
antilynching campaigns of,
East Saint Louis riots and,
Lelia Walker in,
Madam Walker as member of,
Texas and Louisiana organizing by,
Villa Lewaro originally willed to,
white leadership of,
See also: Crisis, The
NACW. See National Association of Colored Women
Nail, John B. “Jack,”
Nail, John E.,
Napier, James Carroll,
Nashville (Tennessee),
Natchez (Mississippi),
National Afro-American Council, Business Bureau of,
National American Woman Suffrage Association,
National Association of Colored Women (NACW),
Douglass’s former home purchased by,
NAACP and,
National Association of Funeral Directors,
National Bankers Association,
National Bar Association,
National Equal Rights League (NERL),
National Federation of Afro-American Women,
National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes,
National Medical Association,
National Negro Business League (NNBL),
history of,
Madam Walker and,
1913 convention of,
National Negro Business League (cont.)
1916 convention of,
1918 convention of,
National Negro Cosmetics Manufacturers Association,
National Negro Press Association,
National Race Congress for World Democracy (1918),
National Urban League,
National Women’s Party,
NBC (National Baptist Convention),
Nebraska,
Negro Farmers’ Conference (1912),
Negro in Business, The (Washington),
Negro Silent Protest Parade Committee,
Negro spirituals,
Nelson, A’Lelia Ransom,
NERL. See National Equal Rights League
New Bedford (Massachusetts),
New Negro era,
New Orleans (Louisiana),
Newport (Rhode Island),
Newspapers and publications
lynching reports in,
Palmer’s condemnation of,
in St. Louis,
Washington on proper types of advertising for,
See also specific newspapers and publications
Newton, Sarah,
New York Age,
at and on Paris Peace Conference,
New York City
Atlantic Fleet’s return to,
description of,
Howell’s Funeral Home,
Lelia Walker’s pied-à-terre in,
Madam Walker’s lectures in,
Manhattan Casino,
1907 bank panic in,
Salem Methodist Church,
369th parade in,
Tiffany’s showroom,
Waldorf-Astoria Hotel,
See also Harlem
New York Colored Republican Club,
New York Evening Post,
New York Herald,
New York News,
New York News & Harlem Home Journal,
New York Post,
New York Times, The,
Niagara Movement,
organizational meeting of,
Nigger Heaven (novel),
Night riders,
92nd Infantry Division,
93rd Infantry Division (Provisional),
NNBL. See National Negro Business League
Noblesville (Indiana),
Norfolk & Western Railroad,
Normal Industrial and Agricultural College,
North Carolina
death penalty case in,
free blacks restricted in,
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company,
North Louisiana and Texas Railroad,
North Star,
Nugent, Bruce,
Oakland (California),
Odd Fellows,
Oklahoma City Black Dispatch,
Order of the Eastern Star,
O’Reilly, Kenneth,
Oreste, Michel,
Original Ozonized Ox Marrow Company,
Our Nig (novel),
Overstreet, Marie,
“Over There” (song),
Ovington, Mary White,
Owen, Chandler,
Owens, B. J.,
Owens, Bob,
Ozono,
Palestine (Texas),
Palmer, A. Mitchell,
Palmer, William Jackson,
Palmer Memorial Institute,
Palmolive Soap products,
Pan-African Association,
Pan-African Congress (Paris, 1919),
Panama,
Madam Walker in,
Paris (France)
Lelia Walker in,
news of Madam Walker’s death in,
Paris Peace Conference,
black delegates to,
Parker, Henry,
Parker, Maria,
Parks, Ada,
Parks, Boyd,
Parks, Wesley G.,
Parrish, Charles H.,
Parrish, Mme. L. C.,
“Party, The” (poem),
Patent medicines,
Lydia Pinkham’s,
Patton, Otho,
Patton, Sari Price,
Payton, Philip A.,
Peabody, Charles A.,
Peabody, Philip G.,
Peiss, Kathy,
Pendegraph, Mary,
Pennsylvania Negro Business Directory,
Pennsylvania State Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs,
Pensacola (Florida),
Perry, Edward,
Perry, Marion Rowland, Jr. (A’Lelia Bundles’ grandfather),
courtship and marriage of,
Perry, Walker (Walker Gordon Jackson),
Persons, Eli,
Peterson, Iver,
Petrolatum,
Phi Beta Kappa,
Philadelphia (Pennsylvania),
Madam Walker Beauty Culturists Union convention in,
Union Baptist Church,
Philadelphia Tribune,
Philanthropy
Carnegie’s,
Lelia Walker’s,
Madam Walker’s,
assistance to young men and women,
Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute for Negro Girls,
Hampton Institute,
in her last will,
Indianapolis YMCA,
NAACP antilynching campaigns,
NACW,
proposed vocational school in Africa,
in purchase of Douglass’s former home,
rescue of girls in Liberia,
Tuskegee,
Philippines,
Pinchback, Pinckney B. S.,
Pine Bluff (Arkansas),
Piney Branch School for Negro Children,
Pinn, Henry,
Pittman, Portia Washington,
Pittman, Sidney,
Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania)
blacks in,
Lelia’s home in,
Madam Walker in,
Walker’s top agent in,
Pittsburgh City Directory,
Pittsburgh Courier,
Plessy v. Ferguson,
Poage, George Coleman,
Pocantico Hills estate,
Polk, Frank,
Polk, James Knox,
Pollard, Curtis (and Pollard Church),
Pope-Turnbo, Annie (Madam Poro; Annie Malone),
Madam Walker as sales agent for,
Madam Walker’s possible treatment by,
1920s competition by,
pullers and irons used by,
rivalry between Madam Walker and,
Poro, Madam. See Pope-Turnbo, Annie
Port Chester (New York),
Porter, Will,
Portland (Oregon),
Potter, Eliza,
Powell, Adam Clayton, Sr.,
Powell, Jesse,
Powell, Louvenia Breedlove. See Breedlove, Louvenia
Powell, Willie,
Presbyterian church,
Prest-O-Lite Company,
Prosser, Agnes “Peggie,”
Prosser, Calvin,
Prostitutes,
in St. Louis,
Providence (Rhode Island),
Prudential Savings Bank,
Psoriasis,
Pueblo (Colorado),
Pure Food and Drugs Act,
Pythian Hotel and Bath House,
Pythias, Colored Knights of,
Queen, Hallie Elvira,
Race riots
at East Saint Louis,
See also Lynching
“Ragtime Millionaire” (song),
Ragtime music,
Railroads,
Jim Crow on,
Madam Walker’s near accident,
Madam Walker’s private Pullman,
segregated, boycott urged for,
throwing Walker advertising packets from,
Randolph, A. Philip,
background of,
black-Japanese alliance thought impossible by,
Paris Peace Conference and,
World War I opposed by,
Randolph, Lucille Green,
Ransom, Frank Breedlove,
Ransom, Freeman Briley,
background of,
C. J. Walker and,
on drug store sales of Glossine,
on Louis George,
after Madam Walker’s death,
Madam Walker’s will and,
on Paris Peace Conference,
at Villa Lewaro,
Ransom, Judy,
Ransom, Nettie,
Real estate,
in Harlem,
Reconstruction Act,
Rector, Maggie,
Reed, William Marion,
Remini, Robert,
Republican party
in Bargain of 1877,
excluded from Paris Peace Conference,
in Indiana,
in Louisiana after Civil War,
in New Mexico,
in New York,
Reynolds, Violet Davis,
Riard, Fortune,
Riley, James Whitcomb,
Rivers, Joseph D. D.,
Robbins, Coy D., Jr.,
Roberts, E. P.,
Roberts, Elias,
Roberts, Ishmael,
Roberts, Nancy Archer,
Roberts, Needham,
Roberts and Pope,
Robeson, Eslanda,
Robeson, Paul,
Robinson, Bill “Bojangles,”
Robinson, Christopher K.,
Robinson, Jessie Batts,
Robinson, John,
Robinson, Mae. See Walker, Mae
Robinson (Texas),
Rockefeller, John D.,
Rockefeller, Laura Spelman,
Rodenburg, W. A.,
Rodin, Auguste, “La Vieille Courtisane,”
Roosevelt, Theodore,
on East Saint Louis riots,
Root, Elihu,
Rosenwald, Julius,
Ross, George,
Ross, Hubert Barnes,
Rouzeau, Edgar,
Royal, Alexander,
Rubinstein, Helena,
Rucker, Henry, Jr.,
Ruffin, Josephine St. Pierre,
Russo-Japanese War,
Russwurm, John B.,
Rutgers, Pelagie,
Safety razor,
St. Louis (Missouri),
black real-estate purchases in,
blacks as factory workers in,
black social classes in,
Breedlove brothers in,
descriptions of,
public schools of,
refugees from East Saint Louis in,
St. Paul AME Church,
Sarah Breedlove in,
Twentieth Century Girls’ Club,
violence in,
Walker salon planned for,
Wilson Brothers Pharmacy,
World’s Fair (1904),
St. Louis Argus,
“St. Louis Blues,”
St. Louis Colored Orphans Home,
St. Louis Mirror,
St. Louis Palladium,
St. Louis Post-Dispatch,
St. Louis Republic,
St. Luke Penny Savings Bank,
Salisbury (North Carolina),
Sammons, Walter,
Sanders, H. L.,
Sanders, Henry L.,
San Francisco (California),
Sauer, George,
Saunders, Mrs.,
Savage, Augusta,
Savannah (Georgia),
Scalp, Madam Walker on cultivation of,
Scalp disease,
See also Walker System
Scarborough, William S.,
Schieffelin, William Jay,
Scholtz, Edmund L.,
Schomburg, Arthur,
Scott, Dora,
Scott, Eleanora Baker,
Scott, Emmett,
on Paris Peace Conference,
at Villa Lewaro gala,
in War Department,
Scott, William Edouard,
Sears, Roebuck and Company,
Seborrhea. See Dandruff
Sedalia (North Carolina),
Sedition Act of 1918,
Self-determination of nations,
Seymour, Horatio,
Shank, Samuel Lewis “Lew,”
Shanklin, Edith,
Shaw, Anna Howard,
Sherman, Lawrence Yates,
Sherman, William Tecumseh,
Shillady, John,
Showboat (musical),
Shuffle Along (musical),
Sierra Leone, AME churches in,
Simmons, Lieutenant,
Sims, Jessie,
“Since You Went Away” (song),
Singerman, S. A.,
Singleton, Benjamin “Pap,”
Sissle, Noble,
military service of,
Sisters of the Mysterious Ten,
Sitwell, Osbert,
Skin color, social status and,
Slavery
abolition of,
Africanisms prohibited under,
black hair ridiculed under,
on Burney’s plantation,
literacy of slaves forbidden during,
Smith, Al,
Smith, Frank,
Smith, Thomas B.,
Smythe, Theodore,
Snead, Mrs. W. A.,
Socialism,
South Africa
AME churches in,
proposed vocational school in,
Spanish fly,
Spaulding, Charles Clinton,
Spelman Seminary, Mae Walker at,
Spencer, Frances,
Spingarn, Joel,
Springfield (Illinois), 1908 riot in,
Standard Oil of New Jersey,
Stanford University,
Statesman, The (publication),
Steamboats,
Steffens, Lincoln,
Stewart, George,
Stinnett, McCleary,
Stock market crash (1929),
Storey, Moorfield,
Stout, Frances,
Straighteners. See Hair—straighteners of
Straightine,
Strikes
of copper workers in Arizona,
East Saint Louis riots and,
Suehn Industrial Mission (Liberia),
Suffragettes,
Sulfur,
Swift meatpacking plant,
Tabor, Baby Doe,
Tabor, Horace,
Taft, William Howard,
Talbert, Mary Burnett,
Talbert, William,
Tandy, Sadie Dorsette,
Tandy, Vertner,
military service of,
Tapley, Lucy Hale,
Tarrytown (New York),
Taylor, John G.,
Taylor, Thomas E.,
Temple Emanu-El,
Temple Salve,
Terrell, Mary Church,
Tetter,
Tetter Salve,
Texas, lynching in,
“Thirty Years of Lynching in the United
States,”
Thomas, Antoinette Rutgers,
Thomas, Candiss Roberts,
Thomas, Edna Lewis,
Thomas, Mrs. J. W.,
Thomas, James,
Thomas, Jordon,
Thomas, Lloyd,
Thompson, Mr. and Mrs.,
Thompson, Louise,
Thompson, Margaret,
Thompson, R. W.,
317th Engineer Regiment,
366th Infantry Regiment,
367th Infantry Regiment,
369th Infantry Regiment (Hellfighters),
Thurman, Lucy,
Tillman, Katherine,
Titanic (ocean liner),
Togo,
Washington’s project in,
Toomer, Jean,
Track and field, black champion of,
Tribbett, Charles A.,
Trinidad (Colorado),
Trotter, William Monroe,
at Paris Peace Conference,
Troutbeck. See Amenia Conference
True Reformers,
Tumulty, Joseph Patrick,
Turnbo. See Pope-Turnbo
Turpin, Tom,
Tuskegee (Alabama), Kennedy at veterans hospital in,
Tuskegee Institute,
benefactors of,
Madam Walker’s agent at,
Madam Walker’s contributions to,
Madam Walker’s desire to be trustee of,
Madam Walker’s proposal for hairdressing course at,
Madam Walker’s study of,
Negro Farmer’s Conference at,
Washington memorial at,
Washington’s successor at,
24th Infantry Regiment,
Tyler, Louis,
Tyler, Ralph Waldo,
United Brotherhood of Friendship,
United Negro College Fund,
United Presbyterian Church,
Universal Negro Improvement Association,
U.S. Steel,
Vann, Robert,
Van Vechten, Carl,
Nigger Heaven,
Variety,
Vaseline,
Vashon, George,
Vegetable Shampoo,
Verdi, Giuseppe,
Vernon, William T.,
Versailles Conference. See Paris Peace Conference
Vicksburg (Mississippi),
Madam Walker’s return to,
Sarah Breedlove in,
tar and feathers in,
Vicksburg, Siege of (1863),
violence in,
Vicksburg Herald,
Victory Bonds,
Villa Lewaro (Madam Walker’s mansion). See Irvington-on-Hudson
Villard, Oswald Garrison,
Violet extract perfume,
Voice of the Negro,
Waco (Texas), lynching in,
Waizeru Zauditu (Empress of Ethiopia),
Walk, Julius,
Walker, A’Lelia (Lelia Walker)
birth of,
in charge in Denver,
in charge in New York,
Madam Walker takes over,
number of agents,
in charge in Pittsburgh,
The Dark Tower salon of,
death and funeral of,
descriptions of,
education of,
entertainments of,
Fairy Mae Bryant adopted by,
on father’s lynching,
in Harlem Renaissance period,
as heroine of novel Nigger Heaven,
Hughes on,
income of,
Indianapolis visits of,
Madam Walker’s death and,
Madam Walker’s last letter to,
in Madam Walker’s last will,
Madam Walker’s relationship with,
and Mae’s first marriage,
marriages of. See Kennedy, James Arthur; Robinson, John; Wilson, Wiley M.
name change by,
obituaries of,
Paris Peace Conference and,
philanthropy by,
sales trips,
in St. Louis,
Scott dinner arranged by,
spending by,
trip abroad by,
World War I and,
Colored Women’s Motor Corps,
Walker, Charles Joseph,
in Denver,
divorced by Madam Walker,
extramarital affairs of,
hair care business of,
in Indianapolis,
Larrie marriage of,
Madam Walker’s marriage to,
patent-type medicines of,
in Pittsburgh,
takes credit for wife’s success,
as traveling salesman for Madam Walker’s products,
Walker, George,
Walker, Juliet E. K.,
Walker, Madam C. J. (Sarah Breedlove)
agents of,
Cincinnati boycott,
at colleges and institutes,
national organization and conventions,
national traveling agents,
reduced fee for poor women,
in Washington memorial drive,
in antilynching delegation to White House,
archival material on,
automobiles of,
birth of,
childhood of,
conservative-militant neutral position of,
death of,
in Denver,
education of,
night school in St. Louis,
penmanship improvement,
tutoring,
entertainments of,
369th Infantry Regiment,
first overseas trip of,
first use of “Madam C. J. Walker,”
franchise operation planned by,
funeral of,
genealogical tables for,
hair care products of. See Hair care products
as hairdresser,
at Tuskegee,
hair problems of,
illnesses of,
income of,
investments of,
last will and testament of,
last words of,
leadership qualities of,
lectures and speeches of,
“From the Kitchen to the Mansion,”
“The Negro Woman in Business,”
Randolph’s wife’s help,
slide presentations,
“Woman’s Duty to Woman,”
mail order business of,
mansion of. See Villa Lewaro
marriages of. See Davis, John H.; McWilliams, Moses; Walker, Charles Joseph
The Messenger’s praise of,
“moral and social questions” addressed by,
move to New York by,
as movie fan,
near accident of,
1918 birthday and Christmas of,
obituaries of,
other products of,
comb,
Paris Peace Conference and
National Race Congress delegate,
passport denied,
philanthropy of. See Philanthropy—Madam Walker’s
as Pope-Turnbo sales agent,
portraits of,
postage stamp honoring,
revolver carried by,
on the road,
spending by,
summaries of life of,
as washerwoman,
white customers of,
women’s rights and,
World War I and,
Walker, Mae (Fairy Mae Bryant)
adoption of,
description and background of,
diabetes of,
genealogical tables for,
harp-playing by,
at Lelia Walker’s funeral,
Madam Walker’s death and,
in Madam Walker’s last will,
marriages of. See Jackson, Gordon; Perry, Marion Rowland, Jr.
on the road,
at Spelman Seminary,
at Villa Lewaro,
Walker, Maggie Lena,
Walker Beauty School,
Walker Beauty Shop,
Walker Hair Culture Method,
Walker Hair Parlor and Lelia College,
Walker-Larrie Company,
Walker System,
Walker Theatre,
Wallace, Mr. and Mrs. Virgil,
Walters, Alexander,
Walton, Lester, at Paris Peace Conference,
Wanamaker, Rodman,
Ward, Zella,
War Department, U.S.
black intelligence operations of,
surveillance of Madam Walker,
Scott in,
Waring, Oscar Minor,
Warmouth, Henry C.,
Washerwomen,
Washington, Booker T.,
death of and tributes to,
in Indianapolis,
Madam Walker and
correspondence,
her houseguest,
Negro Farmers’ Convention,
at 1912 National Negro Business League convention,
in NNBL founding,
on proposed vocational school in Africa,
on railroad segregation,
at St. Louis World’s Fair,
secretary of. See Scott, Emmett
split between Du Bois and,
straighteners and bleaches opposed by,
Tuskegee memorial to,
Washington, Fredi,
Washington, Jesse,
Washington, Laura Murray,
Washington, Margaret Murray,
Washington, Sarah Spencer,
Washington (D.C.),
Douglass’s former home in,
Dunbar High School,
Metropolitan AME Church,
M Street School,
National Race Congress for World Democracy (1918),
suffragettes in,
Walkers’ 1918 visit to,
Washington (Georgia),
Washington Bee,
Washington Star,
Waterproof (Louisiana),
Wealth of black America,
Wealth of Madam Walker,
Wealthy blacks,
Webber, Harry B.,
Weber, Max,
Weeks & Potter (drug firm),
Wells, Clarence,
Wells, Rolla,
Wells-Barnett, Ida B.,
Paris Peace Conference and,
West, Homer,
Wetumpka (Alabama),
Wharton, Vernon Lane,
Wheeler, J. W.,
White, George,
White, Grant,
White, Mayme,
White, Russell,
White, Stanford,
White League,
White women, married, 1900 rate of employment of,
Whitfield (janitor),
Whitman, Charles A.,
Wilberforce (Ohio),
Wilberforce College,
Wiley University,
Williams, Arsania,
Williams, Bert,
Williams, Fannie Barrier,
Williams, Mrs. Irving,
Williamson, Mary Fredonia,
Williamson, Russell McCord,
Wilson, Ed,
Wilson, Ellen,
Wilson, Harriet,
Wilson, John,
Wilson, Maggie,
Wilson, Wiley M.,
Wilson, Woodrow,
antilynching statement by,
black antilynching delegation to,
on black soldiers’ return to America,
League of Nations and,
Moton meeting with,
self-determination of nations advocated by,
Walker Union conventions’ telegrams to,
World War I and,
Winchester, Ida,
Wise, Benjamin,
Woman suffrage, NACW declaration in favor of,
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU),
Women’s rights,
Wonderful Hair Grower,
effectiveness of,
Lelia Walker’s supposed revelation of,
price of,
wartime shortage of,
Woodlawn Cemetery,
Woodman, Oliver O.,
Woodson, George,
Woolworth’s stores,
World’s Columbian Exposition (1893),
World Forum, The (ILDP newspaper),
World War I,
armistice in,
black chaplains in,
black soldiers in,
black officers trained,
complaints against Scott,
discrimination,
executions and murders,
French army uniforms and medals,
lynched after return,
Madam Walker’s message of unity,
return to America,
compulsory employment for Southern black women in,
dwindling of European migration during,
Liberty Loan in,
negative editorials about,
recycling of Madam Walker’s tins during,
shortages of products during,
War Department surveillance of blacks in,
Wright, Louis,
Yates, Silone,
Yellow fever,
YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Association),
in Indianapolis,
in Madam Walker’s last will,
military, in World War I,
Yonkers Standard,
YWCA (Young Women’s Christian Association),
in Madam Walker’s last will,