Footnotes

i Lassi, Z.S. et al. (2014), ‘Preconception care: caffeine, smoking, alcohol, drugs and other environmental chemical/radiation exposure’, Reproductive Health, Sept., 26 (11) Suppl: 3:S6.

ii Greenwood, D.C. et al. (2014), ‘Caffeine intake during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis’, European Journal of Epidemiology, Oct., 29(10):725–34.

iii Mascarenhas, M. et al.(2014), ‘Revisiting the role of first trimester homocysteine as an index of maternal and fetal outcome’, Journal of Pregnancy, 2014:123024.

iv Gagné, A. et al. (2009), ‘Absorption, transport, and bioavailability of vitamin E and its role in pregnant women’, Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Canada, 31(3):210–7.

v Ruder, E.H. et al. (2014), ‘Female dietary antioxidant intake and time to pregnancy among couples treated for unexplained infertility’, Fertility & Sterility 101(3):759–66.

vi Hovdenak, N. et al. (2012), ‘Influence of mineral and vitamin supplements on pregnancy outcome’, European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, 164(2):127–32.

vii Palini, S. et al. (2014), ‘Influence of ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI on the antioxidant defence system and relationship to outcome’, Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 29(1):65–71.

viii Pieczyńska, J. et al. (2015), ‘The role of selenium in human conception and pregnancy’, Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 29C:31–38.