Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book.
Virginia Woolf is abbreviated as VW; Leonard Woolf is abbreviated as LW. Headings and subheadings containing the term “correspondence” refer to letters as source material, and the name of the source may not actually be found on the page.
——of Bloomsbury group: as ambient, taken for granted,
34,
39,
47,
56,
58–59; of Clive Bell,
44–45; of Vanessa Bell,
47,
66; as contradicted by politics of group,
46; Hitler/Nazi rise as facilitated by,
39,
45,
53,
58; of John Maynard Keynes,
48; postwar,
66; and respect given to LW,
48; and Adrian Stephen,
121; of Lytton Strachey,
34; Leonard Woolf adopting attitude of indifference to,
9,
33–35,
39,
48–49,
66——of VW: as contradicted by her politics,
46,
47,
56–57; as contradicted by
Three Guineas, 46,
56–57; denial/elision of, by biographers,
56; evolution of, and claiming of Jewishness for herself,
56,
58–59; exclusion of LW’s family from wedding ceremony,
39–40,
44; as expressed in
The Years, 53–55,
58; and forbidding of children done by LW,
44–45; and illness/crisis suffered immediately after marriage to LW,
39; “Jew” as label for LW, and label of VW as “mad,”
40,
148; LW as exceptional Jew,
12,
35,
38,
39,
44,
48,
52,
59; as paradoxical compared to her literary practice,
47; as racial,
45–46,
47,
52; as resentment in marriage,
40,
52; and social humiliation of marriage and in-laws,
38–40,
44,
47–52; vehemence of, as unexamined,
38–39,
47,
49–50,
52,
53
Bagenal, Barbara (
née Hiles),
166; correspondence with VW,
165Bell, Clive,
66,
132,
160; and acceptance of Vanessa’s various relationships,
129,
133,
134,
135,
136,
160; affairs of,
127,
129; affair with VW (as Virginia Stephen),
123–127,
129,
131,
132–133,
135,
177,
187; at Charleston,
135; correspondence with Mary Hutchinson,
45; correspondence with LW,
130; correspondence with Molly McCarthy,
44–45; correspondence with VW,
64,
113,
126–127,
128–129,
164; and death of Lytton Strachey,
162; engagement and wedding to Vanessa Stephen,
118–119,
124; exclusion felt by VW at marriage to Vanessa,
118–119; as father,
124,
129,
136,
137; and Mary Hutchinson,
135; LW on,
29–30,
119; nickname of (“the parrot”),
129; personality and background of,
128; postwar costume ball,
66; as reader of VW’s manuscripts,
127–130; on VW’s focus in life (“when a butterfly comes through the window”),
20; work of,
128Bell, Julian (nephew),
124,
127,
129,
135–136,
164; correspondence with VW,
51; death of, in Spanish Civil War,
177–178,
179; and Maynard Keynes,
172; relationship with mother Vanessa,
177–178; VW writing about Vanessa’s childhood for,
107Bell, Quentin (nephew),
124,
129,
135–136,
164; on children and VW,
42; correspondence with VW,
47,
51,
175; on “frigidity” of VW,
19–20; introduction to
Diary of Virginia Woolf, 66; name change from Claudian to Quentin,
39; personal charm of,
19; and postwar anti-Semitism,
66; on
Three Guineas, 179; on vulnerability of VW to criticism, 258
——
Virginia Woolf: A Biography: on children and VW,
43; on exclusion of Mrs. Woolf from wedding ceremony,
39–40; frigidity of VW as assumption in,
6,
19–20,
22; as instinctive revenge,
5–6,
19; LW’s views as controlling content of,
5–6,
30; madness of VW as assumption and diagnosis in,
6,
43,
93–95,
109,
142; on marriage, VW desire for,
38; as standard for debate on VW’s life,
6; on Julia Stephen,
72; and VW affair with Clive Bell,
123Bell, Vanessa (
née Stephen, nicknamed “Nessa”),
132,
164,
175; anti-Semitism of,
47,
66; attachment to, VW describing in terms of love affair,
124,
130–131,
140–141,
177–178,
200; and George Bergen,
140; and betrayal of VW (as Virginia Stephen) affair with Clive Bell,
123–127,
129,
132–133,
135,
177,
187; and Bloomsbury (46 Gordon Square),
111,
116; and Charleston,
135–136; and crisis of VW following death of father,
115; and death of Lytton Strachey,
137,
162; and death of mother,
77,
86; and death of son Julian,
177–178; and denial of children to VW,
41; and desire for VW to marry,
132,
133; and George Duckworth,
103,
107; and George Duckworth, incestuous climate created by,
102–108,
146–147,
183,
198; and Stella Duckworth,
96–97,
99,
101–102; early meetings with LW,
8–9,
37; engagement and wedding to Clive Bell,
118–119,
124; and father, rages of,
86–89; and father, rejection of,
102,
140; father as supportive of her painting,
90,
136; importance of VW assumed to derive from association with,
19; and instinctive revenge via Quentin Bell’s biography,
5–6; and London, enjoyment of,
93; LW descriptions of,
29–30; as mother,
124,
135–136; nickname of (“Dolphin,” “Dolph”),
134,
150,
178; as painter,
90,
127,
136,
178; physical characteristics of,
29–30,
136,
210n72; reaction to
Reminiscences, 176; as reader of VW’s manuscripts,
130; relationship with Roger Fry,
129,
133–134,
139,
141,
177,
186–188; relationship with David (Bunny) Garnett,
136,
137–139,
140; relationship with Duncan Grant,
125,
129,
134–140,
164,
176–177; on Vita Sackville-West and VW,
176–177; sexuality/sex life of, imaginings of VW vs. reality of,
123–125,
134–135,
136,
141; society entrance of,
99,
102–103; as tomboy,
74; at wedding of LW and VW,
39——correspondence: with Clive Bell,
124,
134,
141; with Roger Fry,
134; with Angelica Garnett,
66; with Duncan Grant,
44,
138–139,
140,
176–177; with John Maynard Keynes,
48; with LW,
41; with Adrian Stephen,
122; with VW,
15–16,
18,
36–37,
42,
52,
80,
81,
105,
107,
115,
123,
124,
130,
131,
132–133,
141,
166,
174,
175,
176,
177–178,
187,
199; with VW, nature of,
126,
131,
150bereavements, succession of: Stella Duckworth,
70,
86,
98–102,
108,
194; everyday world in contrast to,
3–4; invented daily life of Thoby Stephen after his death,
117–118; as never healed,
75–76,
194; Julia Stephen,
50,
69–70,
71–72,
73,
75,
77–78,
90,
92,
98,
101,
108,
112,
119,
120,
194,
198; Leslie Stephen,
85,
109–110,
111–115; Thoby Stephen,
16,
111,
113,
117–118,
119,
120,
132,
194; “the world has raised its whip,”
70,
98,
100,
113Between the Acts: affinity with LW’s
Wise Virgins, 36; on breaking the code of silence,
108; completion of,
198–199; as farewell,
186,
191; on lack of articulation,
201; and “The Symbol,” writing of,
194; VW decision not to publish,
201; and water,
191–192; working title of (
Point’z Hall),
195,
225n40
birds, Thoby Stephen and,
113Bloomsbury,
46 Gordon Square: Vanessa Bell finding and organizing,
111; emancipation for Virginia and Vanessa Stephen via,
110–111,
116; neighborhood considered dubious,
109,
111,
116; taboos removed from conversation,
116; Thursday evening gatherings,
116; Virginia and Adrian Stephen move away from,
118–119Bloomsbury group: affection outliving intimacy, as value in,
2,
134,
159–164,
173; Clive Bell and,
127,
128; Quentin Bell biography as convincing to,
5–6; casual tone of,
34; criticizing behind each other’s backs,
48; as cultural influence,
160; implicit rejection of VW,
19; madness of VW as assumption in,
23,
42–43; Memoir Club,
66,
102,
103,
190; Ben Nicolson’s critique of,
190–191; personal freedom as genius of,
160; postwar,
66; psychoanalysis and Freud and,
182–183; as rampart of support for VW the author,
155,
157,
159–160,
185,
186,
195–196; reputations of, as differing sharply from personal truth,
2–3; secrets leaked by,
2; Adrian Stephen and,
121;
Three Guineas, reception of,
178; WWII and dispersal of,
186,
189.
See also anti-Semitism and Bloomsbury groupBrenan, Gerald,
161; correspondence with LW,
22,
23,
192
Cameron, Mrs. (photographer),
71Case, Janet,
105; correspondence with VW,
49Cecil, Lady Robert (Lady Cecil McGibbons), correspondence with VW,
12,
122children forbidden to VW: anti-Semitism of VW and,
44–45; and daily glass of milk,
23–24,
156; fame as substitute for,
42; Hogarth Press as child to LW,
64; illness/crisis precipitated by,
42–43,
142–146; LW as engineering,
23–24,
41–44,
142,
145; LW’s own frailties projected on VW,
23–24; novels as substitute for,
43–44,
176; VW’s desire for children,
38,
40,
41–42,
124,
187–188code of silence: and incestuous climate created by Leslie Stephen,
77,
83,
86,
88,
89,
108,
193; Ethyl Smyth allowing VW to escape from,
175Coleridge, Samuel Taylor,
191Cox, Katherine, correspondence with VW,
24,
52
depressions of VW: affair with Clive Bell and,
132; diary manifesting, as cyclical to mentions of father,
76,
110,
193–194; distinguished from “madness,”
144; LW on, just prior to suicide,
198–199.
See also loneliness of VWdiary of VW: anti-Semitism in,
39,
50; on Clive Bell,
178; on Julian Bell,
177; on Vanessa Bell,
125,
130–131,
176; on
Between the Acts, 187; on Brighton visit,
200; on Carrington,
162–164; on Cézanne,
134; depression as cyclical to mentions of father,
76,
110,
193–194; and desire,
21; on dissolving of rampart of literary support,
185,
186,
195; on George Duckworth,
106; on Stella Duckworth,
97,
100; edict forbidding children not mentioned in,
42; on T. S. Eliot,
165; extracts from diary published by LW,
66–67; on father,
110,
193; on fear of criticism,
158; on fear of mother-in-law as mother figure,
50; on
Freshwater production,
164; and Freud, reading of,
183; on Roger Fry biography,
187–188; on David (Bunny) Garnett,
138; on Mark Gertler,
161; on great lake of melancholy,
192,
194; on growing old,
193; on happiness in London,
31; Hogarth Press notations about workload,
63; on Mary Hutchinson dream,
174; “I feel in my fingers the weight of every word,”
3,
109; on incest, enlightenment about,
91; introduction by Quentin Bell,
66; “I will go down with my colours flying,”
200,
204; on James Joyce,
167,
168; “Look your last on all things lovely,”
204; LW as reading,
173; on Katherine Mansfield,
174–175; on marriage, solitude in,
36,
148; on Monk’s House refuge during WWII,
185; on mother, relationship with,
71; on mother’s death,
96,
98; on observation,
200; on rejection of commission short story by
Harper’
s Bazaar, 195; retrieved from bombed-out London house,
186; on Vita Sackville-West,
173; on Adrian Stephen,
119–120; on Lytton Strachey,
17–18,
163; on suicide pact in WWII,
57–58; on
The Years, 55; on thinking as political act,
191; on time,
33; on uncertainty,
1; writing of,
75–76; WWII and,
76,
181,
185–186,
188–189; on younger writers, and desire to relax,
193.
See also A Passionate Apprentice: The Early Journals: 1897–1909 (Leaska, ed.)
Dickinson, Violet: appreciation for VW,
114–115; characteristics of,
114; correspondence with VW,
12,
14,
38,
40,
47,
49,
81,
87,
91,
110,
112,
114,
115,
117,
118,
119,
122,
123,
126,
176; cradle for infant offered by,
40; crisis following death of father, recovery at home of,
113,
114,
115; end of relationship with VW,
176; lover relationship with VW,
115; religiosity of,
119; suicide attempt by VW at home of,
95,
114; travel with VW,
117the divine, effervescence of the moment as,
4Dostoyevsky, Fyodor,
Crime and Punishment, 25duck(s), as theme in VW’s life,
105–106Duckworth, George (half-brother): correspondence with VW,
103; country house lent for VW convalescence,
106,
146–147; death of,
106–107; and death of mother,
77,
98; and Stella Duckworth,
97,
101; incestuous climate created by, and Virginia and Vanessa Stephen,
102–108,
146–147,
183,
198; LW and,
106,
146–148; marriage of,
104; nicknames of (“Bar,” “Georgie”),
103; and Laura Stephen,
80,
107,
183; as supportive brother, attempts at,
80,
103–106,
107Duckworth, Gerald (half-brother): and death of mother,
77,
98; and Stella Duckworth,
96,
97,
99,
101; as editor of VW,
106,
150; incest of Virginia Stephen by,
102,
104,
107–108; and Laura Stephen, vulnerability of,
107–108; Venice trip organized by,
112Duckworth, Herbert (first husband of Julia Stephen): children of,
77; death of,
72–73; at death of Julia, VW as seeing image of,
75; as eternal prince charming,
75,
78,
104; Leslie Stephen on,
82,
104Duckworth, Stella (half-sister): and Vanessa Bell,
96–97,
99,
101–102; courtship and marriage to Jack Waller Hills,
84,
86,
93,
95–98,
100,
101–102; death of,
70,
86,
98–102,
108,
194; and death of mother,
75,
77; and incestuous climate created by Leslie Stephen,
83–86,
88–89,
91,
96; and mother,
73–74; nickname of (“Old Cow”),
74,
85,
99; physical characteristics of,
83; VW and,
85,
93,
96–97,
99,
100–102
education: universities forbidden to women,
111; VW as volunteer educator for girls,
116Eliot, Vivien (Vivienne),
165
feelings, lack of: Vanessa Bell and need for,
140; LW and need for,
39; in
Mrs. Dalloway, 114; VW’s crisis following death of father and,
112Flaubert, Gustav,
Madame Bovary, 6–7fragility of VW: Quentin Bell’s biography and assumption of,
6; LW as dominant guardian to protect,
23,
25–26Freud, Sigmund: death of,
183; effect on Bloomsbury,
182–183; evacuation from Austria,
181–182; Hogarth Press as publisher of,
64,
181–182; LW and,
182frigidity and VW: Quentin Bell biography and assumption of,
6,
19–20,
22; legend that LW’s sexuality was sacrificed to,
14,
19,
25–26; LW cultivating myth of,
14,
24,
25,
27; in
The Waves, 26; whispered of, during her lifetime,
14.
See also sexuality and VWFry, Roger,
135,
160,
168; and Helen Anrep,
135; biography of, by VW,
186–188,
221n6; correspondence with VW,
20,
165,
171,
181; death of,
177; portrait hanging in Memoir Club,
66; relationship with Vanessa Bell,
129,
133–134,
139,
141,
177,
186–188; VW flirtation with,
187; wife of, as institutionalized,
187; work of,
134
Garnett, Angelica (
née Bell),
135–136,
164,
190; correspondence with Vanessa Bell,
66; marriage to Bunny Garnett,
137–138; parentage of,
129,
135,
136,
137,
164; on Vanessa’s attachment to Roger Fry,
177; VW and,
124; on VW/Clive Bell affair,
125Garnett, David (Bunny),
161; as conscientious objector,
137; correspondence with Duncan Grant,
138; correspondence with Lytton Strachey,
137;
Lady Into Fox, 136; marriage to Angelica,
137–138; marriage to Rachel Marshall,
137; relationship with Duncan Grant and Vanessa Bell,
136,
137–139,
140;
Turgenev, 136genius: of Bloomsbury, as personal freedom,
160; of D. H. Lawrence, VW on,
171; of LW, for acquiring influence over VW,
22——of VW: Vanessa Bell proclaiming,
130; defined by LW,
30,
157,
195; Violet Dickinson’s belief in,
114–115; as legendary motive for sacrifice of LW’s sexuality,
22; Madge Vaughn’s belief in,
122Grant, Duncan,
66,
160,
162,
164,
166; as conscientious objector,
137; correspondence with Vanessa Bell,
138–139,
140,
176–177; correspondence with David (Bunny) Garnett,
138; correspondence with Adrian Stephen,
12,
15; correspondence with VW,
44,
138–139,
140,
176–177; death of,
164; and death of Lytton Strachey,
137,
162; and
Dreadnought farce,
121; as father of Angelica Bell Garnett,
129,
135,
136,
137,
164; journal of,
138,
139,
140; as painter,
136; postwar costume ball,
66; relationship with Vanessa Bell,
125,
129,
134–140,
164,
176–177; relationship with George Bergen,
140; relationship with David (Bunny) Garnett,
136,
137–139,
140; relationship with Maynard Keynes,
10,
18,
37,
136,
161; relationship with Adrian Stephen,
10,
37,
121,
134,
136,
164; relationship with Lytton Strachey,
10,
18,
136,
161; rivalry of Maynard Keynes and Lytton Strachey over,
10,
18,
37,
161; and wedding of LW and VW,
44
happiness of VW: and London,
31; and solitude of marriage,
36–37Harper’
s Bazaar, rejecting short story commissioned from VW,
195
Hills, Mrs. (Jack’s mother),
100Hitler, Adolf, and Nazism: ambient anti-Semitism as facilitating rise of,
39,
45,
53,
58; condemnation of, Bloomsbury group and,
39,
46; defeat of,
66; T. S. Eliot sympathies and,
165; LW and VW on blacklist of,
9,
57; LW on treatment of Jews under,
184; suicide of Hitler,
189; suicide pact of LW and VW in case of invasion by,
9,
57–58,
89,
185,
193;
Three Guineas comparing oppression of women to anti-Semitism of,
46,
180–181Hogarth Press: acquired by Ian Parson following JW’s death,
61,
64–65; catalogue of,
64,
121; T. S. Eliot published by,
165; founding and running of prior to VW’s death,
62–64; Sigmund Freud published by,
64,
181–182; friends’ manuscripts rejected from,
63; James Joyce rejected by,
167–168; John Lehmann and,
62–65,
168,
186; Katherine Mansfield published by,
174; Trekkie Parson and,
64–65; Ralph Partridge and,
161; resignation of LW from,
65; VW’s posthumous works,
66–67,
222n41; WWII and,
186,
189homosexuality, “Morocco” as code for,
37,
210n89Hutchinson, Mary,
45,
160,
174; correspondence with Clive Bell,
45; correspondence with VW,
160–161
——created by Leslie Stephen at Hyde Park Gate: code of silence about,
77,
83,
86,
88,
89,
108,
193; and death of Leslie,
110; and Stella Duckworth,
83–86,
87,
88–89,
91,
96,
100,
102; everyday world in contrast to,
3–4; as fantasy that produced damaging atmosphere,
82,
83–84,
91; focus on rages of father as memory screen for,
86–89;
Mausoleum Book improprieties and,
82;
The Years and,
91,
92;
To the Lighthouse and,
92; as unconscious,
91; as unhealed wound,
77–78,
91Isherwood, Christopher,
64
Joyce, James,
167–169;
Finnegans Wake, 169;
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, 167;
Ulysses, 167,
168
Keynes, John Maynard,
66,
135,
136,
160,
161,
175; anti-Semitism of,
48; and Julian Bell,
172; and Brunswick Square,
37; as Cambridge “Apostle,”
7; correspondence with Vanessa Bell,
48; friendship with Adrian Stephen,
21; friendship with Ludwig Wittgenstein,
171–172; Hogarth Press as publisher of,
64; relationship with Duncan Grant,
10,
18,
37,
136,
161; Lytton Strachey rivalry for Duncan Grant,
10,
18,
37,
161
Lehmann, John: and
Between the Acts, 201; correspondence with VW,
192,
201; and Hogarth Press,
62–65,
168,
186; and WWII,
76literary practice of VW: accuracy as aim of,
12–13; attacks of “madness” and material for,
156; author as witness,
2; Clive Bell as reader of manuscripts,
127–130; code of silence,
89,
108,
175,
193; desire to write,
122–123; glasses of milk as interruption to,
24; invented daily life of Thoby Stephen after his death,
117–118; James Joyce as antinomic to,
168–169; and D. H. Lawrence,
170–171; LW as not impeding,
49,
142,
144,
157,
172; LW as reader of manuscripts,
43–44,
54–55,
157,
178,
201,
221n6; method of approach, discovery of,
156,
157,
159; parental support for,
74–75,
90; and Marcel Proust,
171; refusal to accept received definitions, compared to unexamined anti-Semitism attitudes,
47; risk taking,
157;
The Years as commercial success and,
55; and torments, necessity of drawing on,
19; transience and immediacy of life, capturing,
1,
3–4,
16; weight of every word,
3,
109; Ludwig Wittgenstein compared to,
171; writing things down as making them real,
83,
97; writing to rhythm and not to plot,
52; WWII and,
185–186,
190–191loneliness of VW: emancipation via,
111; and exclusion of women from universities,
111; isolation of WWII,
185,
186,
189,
190,
192–193,
195–196,
198–199; rampart of friends and readership as literary support, loss of,
155,
157,
159–160,
185,
186,
189,
192–193,
195–196;
The Waves and,
143; in years following father’s death,
111,
122–123
Macauley, Thomas Babington,
98,
100;
The Armada, 99McCarthy, Molly,
44; correspondence with Clive Bell,
44–45McGibbons, Lady Cecil (Lady Robert Cecil), correspondence with VW,
12,
122madness: as occupation (Van Gogh),
145——and VW: anti-Semitism of VW and label of,
40,
148; attacks of, viewed from perspective of women’s lack of agency,
142–143; Quentin Bell’s biography and assumption of,
6,
43,
93–95,
109,
142; Bloomsbury circle and assumption of,
23,
42–43; children forbidden to VW, illness/crisis precipitated by,
42–43,
142–146; children forbidden to VW on pretext of,
23–24,
41–43,
142,
145; death of father, crisis precipitated by,
85,
109–110,
111–115; fear of, VW and,
16,
27,
81; genius as inherently mad, LW’s position on,
157,
195; institutionalization as threat,
81,
144–145; lack of attacks of,
23,
43,
144; lack of evidence of,
94–95; logorrhea,
143–144; LW’s sexual withdrawal blamed on,
22,
23; marriage to LW, and illness/crisis,
39,
41,
145; “my madness saved me,”
109–110,
143; Vita Sackville-West’s sexual withdrawal and,
27–28; vigilance of LW as distraction from his own anxiety and insecurities,
23–24,
148; vigilance of LW to prevent,
23–24,
144–145,
156–157,
172,
198–199; VW imploring LW to allow her to return to normal life,
149; works composed as answer to judgments of madness,
155–157.
See also depressions of VW; suicide of VW
Maitland, Frederic, biography of Leslie Stephen,
81,
118marriage of Virginia and Leonard Woolf: civil ceremony and exclusion of LW’s mother,
39–40,
44; engagement announcement (“confession”) by,
12; honeymoon,
22–23,
24–25,
32,
141; illness of VW immediately following,
39,
41; lack of physical attraction at outset,
38; literary practice of VW not impeded by,
49,
142,
144,
157,
172; motives for,
8–9,
14–17,
31,
32,
37,
144–145,
159; overview of life together,
141–142,
158–159,
172,
189; proposal and acceptance,
37–38; regressive role playing within,
149–150; solitude within,
36–37; suggested to LW by Lytton Strachey,
8–9,
17,
18–19,
38.
See also children forbidden to VW;
milk, daily glass ofMelymbrosia. See Voyage Out, The
milk, daily glass of: Dr. Seton recommending,
93; rigid adherence to,
195; as suckling the woman whom LW would forbid children,
23–24,
156; VW attitude toward,
156–157; Octavia Wilberforce prescribing,
197–198Moments of Being (Schulkind, ed.): and code of silence,
125,
193; and depressive episodes in connection with father,
193; on divinity of all,
4; on Stella Duckworth,
74,
96,
98,
113; on engagement of Stella Duckworth,
95–96; exhausted swimmer in,
59,
192; on feeling nothing,
112; first impression of LW,
16; on Hyde Park Gate dispersal,
80; on incest by Gerald Duckworth,
102; on incestuous climate created by father,
82,
83,
85,
86,
87,
88,
89; on incestuous climate created by George Duckworth,
102,
103,
104,
107,
108; on mother (Julia Stephen),
70,
72,
73–74,
75; on mother’s death,
69,
70,
75,
77–78,
90,
98; on mother’s recognition of her writing,
75; on rages of father,
87,
88,
89; on rage toward father,
76–77; on Laura Stephen,
79,
80; on supportiveness of father,
90–91; on Talland House,
74–75; on tomboy childhood,
74; whip image and,
70,
113; on World War II,
76; writing of,
75–76
Moore, George Edward, as Cambridge “Apostle,”
7Morrell, Ottoline,
49,
132,
160,
168,
195; Dora Carrington affair,
161; correspondence with VW,
49; D. H. Lawrence as lover of,
170Mrs. Dalloway: crisis following father’s death expressed through,
112–114; and danger of life,
3,
199; and death,
3,
21,
59,
184; and medical norms,
42,
157; and method of approach, discovery of,
156; and sexuality,
21,
26,
141; suicide in,
42,
114; “the world has raised its whip, where will it descend,”
70,
113; vigilance of LW denounced in,
156–157; and war,
188
music: LW list of records they listened to,
60; played at VW’s cremation,
60“The Mysterious Case of Miss. V,”
194,
225n38
New York Public Library, VW papers in collection of,
67Nicolson, Benedict, correspondence with VW,
188,
190–191Nicolson, Harold: anti-Semitism of,
34–35; correspondence with Vita Sackville-West,
22,
27–28,
60; sexuality of,
27; VW confidences to,
83normality and VW: chaos of childhood vs.,
3–4; LW posited as the norm,
25; “not normal” as label,
19–20,
25–26; and status of mother denied her,
41–42
“The Old Bloomsbury,”
66,
80
Parson, Trekkie,
61,
64–66; inheritance from LW,
67; travel with LW,
65; working at Hogarth Press,
64–65A Passionate Apprentice: The Early Journals: 1897–
1909 (Leaska, ed.): on books, comfort of,
100; Stella Duckworth’s wedding,
97; Stella Duckworth death,
98–99,
100,
101,
102; on fear of the city and traffic,
99; on loneliness,
123.
See also diary of VW
Proust, Marcel: on the innocence within evil,
13;
In Search of Lost Time, 52; VW and,
168,
171psychoanalysis, Bloomsbury rejection of,
182–183
Raverat, Gwen,
42,
125; correspondence with VW,
42reading by VW: driven by half-sister Laura’s difficulties,
81; father as supporting,
90,
100,
110; as refuge during Stella Duckworth’s illness,
98,
100; as refuge following mother’s death,
96religion: anti-Semitism as not based on,
45–46; Stephen family as agnostics,
46,
73,
75,
97; VW as agnostic,
4,
46,
97,
119; Woolf family as agnostics,
45–46River Ouse: determination to get to,
203; water running through VW’s work and,
53–54.
See also waterRothschild, Victor de,
47Rylands, George, correspondence with VW,
196
Sackville-West, Edward, correspondence with VW,
176Sackville-West, Vita,
178; Bloomsbury-style lifelong attachment of VW and,
173; correspondence with LW,
172; correspondence with Harold Nicolson,
22,
27–28,
60; correspondence with VW,
28,
91,
170,
172–173,
178,
184,
190,
196,
197,
200; end of affair with VW,
173; meeting with LW in aftermath of VW death,
60;
Orlando and,
173,
174; parakeets of,
200; physical characteristics of,
173–174; rejection of sexual desire/excitement of VW,
22,
27–28; sexuality of,
27; travel with VW,
149; VW as swooning over,
172–173,
176–177; and WWII,
188Seton, Dr.: and Stella Duckworth’s death,
98–100; and Julia Stephen’s death,
75; as VW’s doctor,
93,
101sexuality and VW: and desire/excitement of VW, as frustrated,
21–23,
24–26,
27–29; and Violet Dickinson,
115; eroticism and,
20,
26; lack of physical attraction prior to LW marriage,
38; lack of specific sex acts in VW’s works,
20; LW rejecting,
22–23; rareness of attraction to men,
127; Vita Sackville-West rejecting,
27–29; subversive sexuality in VW’s work,
20–22; VW to Roger Fry on,
20; and women, generally,
172–175; Adrian Woolf commenting on,
15.
See also frigidity and VW;
Woolf, Leonard, sexuality ofShakespeare, William,
26;
Hamlet, 203Shelley, Percy Bysshe,
191Smyth, Ethel: correspondence with VW,
38–39,
41,
49,
50,
51,
52,
56,
118,
127,
156,
171,
173,
175,
185–186,
187,
196,
197; relationship with VW,
38,
175–176,
200Snowden, Margery, correspondence with VW,
133social etiquette, crisis following father’s death and letting go of,
111–112social life of VW, LW limiting as “disruptive,”
148Stein, Gertrude: and anti-Semitism of VW,
52; Hogarth Press as publisher of,
64Stephen, Adrian (brother),
117,
131,
135,
164,
166; and Bloomsbury (46 Gordon Square),
116,
118–119; and Brunswick Square,
37; cohabiting with Virginia,
118–120,
122,
133; correspondence with Vanessa Bell,
122; correspondence with Duncan Grant,
12,
15; cruise to Portugal with VW,
47; death of,
120,
122; and death of father,
119; and death of mother,
77,
119–120; and death of Thoby Stephen,
117,
120,
194; and
Dreadnought farce,
121; and Stella Duckworth,
96,
120; and father, relationship with,
120; as favorite child of mother (nicknamed “My Joy”),
96,
120; Maynard Keynes friendship,
121; and LW, impressions of,
12; marriage and children of,
120,
121; morphine provided VW,
185; nickname of (“the dwarf”),
121; physical characteristics of,
120,
121; politics of,
121; relationship with Duncan Grant,
10,
37,
121,
134,
136,
164; social life of,
121; and VW,
15,
119–120,
122; work of, as psychoanalyst,
121,
183Stephen, Julia (
née Jackson, formerly Duckworth, mother): as absent, and VW search for,
70–71,
72,
73,
85; as agnostic,
46,
73; correspondence with Leslie,
79; courtship with Leslie Stephen,
73,
78,
81–82,
198; death of,
50,
69–70,
71–72,
73,
75,
77–78,
90,
92,
98,
101,
108,
112,
119,
120,
194,
198; death of, and “madness” of VW diagnosed by Quentin Bell,
93–95; and death of first husband Herbert Duckworth,
72–73,
75,
81; and Stella Duckworth,
73–74,
95; and George Duckworth encouraged to care for sisters,
80,
102–103; as “exhausted swimmer,”
72,
192; humor of,
74; last words to VW before death,
69,
75; as matchmaker,
131; mood swings of,
74; as obsessively invoked by Leslie Stephen after her death,
73,
77–78,
81–82; physical characteristics of,
71–72,
73,
74,
78,
131; politics of, as antisuffragette,
72,
116; and rages of Leslie,
87; reticence of,
73,
82; as sister of mercy,
72,
73,
74; and Laura Stephen (stepdaughter),
80,
144Stephen, Laura (half-sister): as “backward” and eventually institutionalized,
79–80,
81,
82,
90,
107,
144; and death of mother (Minny),
79,
81; and George Duckworth,
80,
107,
183; and Gerald Duckworth,
107–108; effect on VW,
79,
80–81,
144; estate of,
81; LW on,
81; nickname of (“Her Ladyship the Lady of the Lake”),
79,
81Stephen, Leslie (father): as agnostic,
46,
75; and the Alps and mountaineering,
75,
76,
194; biography of (Maitland),
81,
118; birthday of,
81,
110; correspondence with Charles Norton,
97; correspondence with Julia,
79; correspondence with Stella Duckworth,
84,
86; death of,
85,
91,
95,
102,
106,
109–110; death of, and crisis following for VW,
85,
109–110,
111–115; and death of Julia,
73,
75,
77–78,
81–82,
90,
92,
101; and death of Stella Duckworth,
99,
100,
101; and Stella Duckworth relationship,
83–86,
88–89,
91,
96; and first wife (Minny Thackeray),
78–79,
82; flirtations of,
74; Julia as obsessively invoked after her death,
73,
77–78,
81–82; and Julia’s treatment of Stella,
74;
Life of Henry Fawcett, 100; physical characteristics of,
78; rages of,
86–89,
215n64; rage toward, of VW,
75–77,
87,
89,
110; social and work life of,
89,
99; and Adrian Stephen,
120; and Thoby Stephen,
96,
120; as supportive father,
90–91,
100,
110,
136; works of, as read by VW,
100.
See also incestuous climate created by Leslie Stephen——
Sir Leslie Stephen’
s Mausoleum Book: on daughter Laura,
80; on Herbert Duckworth,
82,
104; on first wife (Minny Thackeray),
78–79,
82; insinuated indecency in,
82; on Julia,
72,
82,
83; Julia put on display in,
78; on reading by VW,
100; Adrian Stephen’s near absence from,
120; writing of,
78Stephen, Minny (first wife of Leslie),
78–79,
81,
82Stephen, Thoby (“the Goth” as nickname),
95; and birds,
113; and Bloomsbury (46 Gordon Square),
111,
116; Bloomsbury as bound by memory of,
159–160; as Cambridge Apostle,
7,
8,
111,
166; and chronicle of family,
74–75; correspondence with VW,
111; death of,
16,
111,
113,
117–118,
119,
120,
132,
194; and death of mother,
77; as favorite brother of VW,
16,
132; as favorite son of Leslie,
96,
120; friendship with LW,
7,
8,
10,
16,
29–30,
207n13; and Greek language, introduction to VW,
113Strachey, Lytton,
131,
132,
133,
135,
136,
166,
167,
171,
175; boundless enthusiasm of,
10; as Cambridge “Apostle,”
7,
9,
111; correspondence with David (Bunny) Garnett,
137; correspondence with LW,
5,
6–10,
11–12,
13–14,
17,
18–19,
23,
24,
29–30,
34,
37,
38; correspondence with VW,
24–25,
28,
38,
105,
129,
132,
167; death of,
137,
162–163; and gender,
9; homosexuality of,
7; incest, discussions of,
82,
91; knowledge of the truth about LW,
9,
18,
25; love affairs of,
10; portrait hanging in Memoir Club,
66; proposal of marriage to Virginia Stephen,
17–18; regard for Thoby Stephen,
10; regard for VW,
10; relationship with Dora Carrington,
161–164; relationship with Duncan Grant,
10,
18,
136,
161; relationship with Ralph Partridge,
161; reproach of VW for lack of sex acts in her works,
20,
21; rivalry with John Maynard Keynes for Duncan Grant,
10,
18,
37,
161; “Semen?” joke,
116; suggesting that LW marry VW,
8–9,
17,
18–19,
38; as writer,
10,
17Strachey, Philippa, correspondence with VW,
196suicide: of Carrington,
162,
163–164; of Mark Gertler,
161; of Hitler,
189; LW pact with LW during WWII,
9,
57–58,
89,
185,
193; in
Mrs. Dalloway, 42,
114; respect denied to victims of,
203–204; of Karin Stephen,
122; Leonard Woolf’s tendencies toward,
5,
6,
9——of VW: aftermath of,
60; attempt claimed by LW after mother’s death,
95; attempted drowning,
199; attempt following father’s death,
85,
95,
114; attempt following LW forbidding children to her, and recovery,
145–146; Vanessa Bell’s last letter,
199; body found,
122,
218n36; Brighton visit,
200; diary entries in final days before,
204, 299; and dissolving of rampart of literary support by readership and friends,
155,
157,
159–160,
185,
186,
189,
192–193,
195–196; drowning,
203,
204; as embrace,
3,
59,
184; failed honeymoon producing mention of,
25; farewell letters left,
67,
203; father as focus prior to,
76,
87,
89,
192,
193; following nine months after suicide pact with LW,
58; noted in autobiography of LW,
31–32; and respect denied to VW,
203–204; River Ouse,
53–54,
203; Octavia Wilberforce as attending physician at time of,
196–199,
201–203; withdrawal of LW and,
195,
198–199,
202–203.
See also children forbidden to VW;
depressions of VW;
madness and VW;
waterSydney-Turner, Saxon,
123,
166–167,
172; correspondence with LW,
12,
14; correspondence with VW,
172
Tennyson, Alfred Lord,
Maud, 99“A Terrible Tragedy in the Duck Pond,”
105–106Times Literary Supplement, 62,
105; VW literary criticism for,
116,
170
To the Lighthouse: and absent mother of VW,
70–71; and attacks of “madness,”
156; and death of Mrs. Ramsay,
92; and desire, frustrated,
21,
25,
50,
71; Femina-Vie Heureuse Prize for,
71; and rage toward father of VW,
76–77,
120,
215n64; Adrian Stephen represented in,
120
Tweedsmuir, Lady, correspondence with VW,
76
uncertainty, in face of desire for understanding,
1–2,
91understanding, desire for,
1–2,
91
Vaughn, Emma, correspondence with VW,
103,
112,
132Vaughn, Madge, correspondence with VW,
119,
122,
132Voltaire’s works, with LW in exile,
8The Voyage Out: Clive Bell as reader of,
128; and love,
203; reception of,
150–151; water, death, and madness in,
151–153; writing of,
155
water: and
Between the Acts, 191–192; and drowning in “A Terrible Tragedy in the Duck Pond,”
106; and
Moments of Being, 72,
192; mother as exhausted swimmer,
72,
192; and
Mrs. Dalloway, 53–54; as running throughout VW’s work,
53–54,
59,
106,
192; tears,
55; and
The Years, 53–54; and
To The Lighthouse, 54; and
The Voyage Out, 151,
152–153The Waves: and desire to embrace the world with understanding,
1; and loneliness,
143; frigidity in,
26; Thoby Stephen as catalyst for,
117
women: anguish of VW as common to,
142–143; exclusion from universities,
111; feminist label rejected by VW,
46,
180;
Three Guineas and question of,
46,
178–181Woolf, Bella (sister of LW),
51Woolf, Cecil (brother of LW),
67Woolf, Clara (sister of LW),
51Woolf, Flora (sister of LW),
39Woolf, Leonard,
164,
175; and affair of VW with Vita Sackville-West,
172; as agnostic,
45–46; and British Labour party,
10; as Cambridge “Apostle,”
7,
8,
9,
144,
166; class background of,
7,
49,
144–145,
147–148; death of,
60–61; on death of Lytton Strachey,
163–164; and death of VW,
60–61; as defender of prostitute while in costume,
164; as depressive and neurotic,
6–9; discomfort with VW’s attachment to the Bells,
190; discrepancy between public persona and deeper reality,
4–5; and George Duckworth,
106,
146–148; as editor,
31,
61,
63; estate of, inherited by Trekkie Parson,
67; estate of Laura Stephen and,
81; estate of VW and,
66–67,
81; exile to Ceylon as colonialist,
7–9,
10–12,
13–14,
16–17,
18,
37; fame of, due to VW,
68; family background of,
7; forcing VW to eat,
105; and Sigmund Freud,
181–182; as gardener,
48,
65,
189; as Jewish,
16; on James Joyce,
167; and literature,
6–7,
8; meetings with Virginia Stephen,
8–9; nickname of, by VW (“Mongoose”),
149–150; and Trekkie Parson relationship,
61,
64–66,
67; physical characteristics of,
16,
48,
148; politics of,
35; on politics of VW, lack of,
181; and psychoanalysis,
183; as publisher,
62–65,
66–67; social life, insecurities about, and restriction of VW’s,
148; Thoby Stephen friendship,
7,
8,
10,
16,
29–30,
207n13; suicidal tendencies of,
5,
6,
9; suicide pact with VW during WWII,
9,
57–58,
89,
185,
193; tragic ardor of,
9; trembling hand of,
16,
148; withdrawal of, from VW,
195,
198–199; and work, mania for,
11.
See also anti-Semitism of Bloomsbury group;
Hogarth Press;
marriage of Virginia and Leonard Woolf——autobiography: as constructed to verify persona LW created,
32–33; as instinctive revenge on VW,
31; frigidity of VW claimed in,
14; leaps of ideas in,
31–32; marriage to VW, reasons for,
16–17,
31; on beauty of VW and Vanessa compared,
29,
30,
210n72; on Vanessa Bell,
29–30; on Rupert Brooke,
29; on Brunswick Square residency,
38; on children forbidden to VW,
41,
43,
145; on civil ceremony of marriage,
39; on class background and social differences,
7,
147–148; on depressions of VW,
198–199; on George Duckworth,
146–147; on T. S. Eliot,
165; on Sigmund Freud,
181,
182; on Freud and psychoanalysis,
183; on genius of VW,
30; on Hogarth being acquired by Ian Parson,
65; on honeymoon with VW,
32; on Jews, Nazi treatment of,
184; on “madness” of VW,
29,
95,
143,
144,
145; on qualms about colonialist role,
11; on regime to fend off “madness,”
201; on “ridiculous” “female caricature” that is VW,
30–31; on suicide attempt of VW,
146; on suicide of VW,
31–32,
189; on suicide pact with VW in WWII,
57; on
The Years, 55; on Octavia Wilberforce,
201,
203; on Ludwig Wittgenstein,
171; on WWII,
189; VW as barely present in,
28–32——correspondence: with Clive Bell,
130; with Vanessa Bell,
17,
38; with Gerald Brenan,
22,
23,
192; with Sigmund Freud,
182; with Trekkie Parson,
65,
67; with Vita Sackville-West,
172; with Lytton Strachey,
5,
6–10,
11–12,
13–14,
17,
18–19,
23,
24,
29–30,
34,
37,
38; with Saxon Sydney-Turner,
12,
14; with VW,
149,
150,
203——persona constructed by: and anti-Semitism, adopted attitude of indifference to,
9,
33–35,
39,
48–49,
66; autobiography written to support,
32–33; concealment of identity via,
4–5,
6,
18; and construction of VW by LW,
4,
6,
22; and denial of children to VW,
44; denial of depressive, neurotic, suicidal tendencies,
9,
148; description of,
48–49; effect of, on LW as writer,
32–35,
39; marriage to VW, reasons for,
16–17; published correspondence as contradicting,
17; as safeguarding VW’s power to write,
49——sexuality of: desire/excitement of VW, fear of,
22–23; fear of sex,
19,
22,
23,
24; hostility toward female sexuality,
13–14,
26; legend of, as sacrifice to VW’s “frigidity,”
14,
19,
25–26; and love as degraded,
14; and prostitutes,
13,
14; and silencing of LW as writer,
35; women as focus of,
13,
37,
210n89——view of Virginia Woolf: Quentin Bell biography of VW as conforming to,
5–6,
30; Bloomsbury circle as convinced by,
5–6; construction of persona of LW as upholding,
6; as continually threatened by madness,
189; VW as accepting,
5,
22; VW as unconvinced by,
5.
See also frigidity and VW;
madness and VW;
sexuality and VW——works: posthumous papers offered to University of Sussex,
67;
Sowing, 147–148; “Three Jews,”
62;
The Village in the Jungle, 11,
65,
210n80;
The Wise Virgins, 33–34,
36,
39,
148.
See also Woolf, Leonard, autobiography——as writer and editor: aspirations of,
10,
43–44; construction of LW persona and effect on,
32–35,
39; as editor,
31,
61,
63; as fulfilling,
158; nonfiction of,
33,
172; as novelist,
4,
33–34,
36,
65,
148; as poet,
14; as reader of VW’s manuscripts,
43–44,
54–55,
157,
178,
201,
221n6; as short-story writer,
62; WWII and,
186,
189.
See also Hogarth PressWoolf, Marie (mother of LW): and anti-Semitism of VW,
49–52; and classic aversion to mother-in-laws,
50–51; correspondence with LW,
40; death of,
58,
186; excluded from wedding ceremony,
39–40,
44; as “Mrs. Woolf,”
39,
211n94Woolf, Sydney (father of LW): death of,
7,
49,
66; physical characteristics of,
16Woolf, Virginia (
née Stephen); affair with Clive Bell (as Virginia Stephen),
123–127,
129,
131,
132–133,
135,
177,
187; as agnostic,
4,
46,
97,
119; as author/persona, rampart of literary support for,
155,
157,
159–160,
185,
186,
189,
192–193,
195–196; bicycling,
69,
92,
93; centenary commemoration of (1982),
164–165; desire to be married,
14–15,
123,
126,
131; dissembling powers of,
118; and
Dreadnought farce,
121; as editor,
31; estate of,
66–67,
81; fame of those who crossed her path,
68; fear of the city and traffic,
69,
92–93,
99; feminist label rejected by,
46,
180; on Hitler’s blacklist,
9,
57; idealization of,
12–13,
56; legend of, continuing to hold her captive,
6; nickname of (“Ape”),
177,
223n62; nickname of (“Goat”),
69,
75,
123,
141; nickname of, self-given (“Mandrill”),
149–150; nickname of, self-given (“Sparroy”),
115,
149; paintings of,
42; physical characteristics of,
29,
30,
31,
92,
116,
148,
197,
210n72; portrait hanging in Memoir Club,
66; proposal of marriage by Lytton Strachey,
17–18; proposals of marriage made to,
14–15,
123,
131; and society, entrance into,
96,
102–103; spirituality and,
4,
75; Virginia Stephen as forever under the armor of,
155; as tomboy,
74; trembling hand(s) of,
63,
163,
165,
197; as unconscious of her own beauty,
92; universities closed to women,
111; as volunteer educator for girls,
116.
See also anti-Semitism of VW;
bereavements, succession of;
children forbidden to VW;
code of silence;
depressions of VW;
frigidity and VW;
genius of VW;
Hogarth Press;
literary practice of VW;
loneliness of VW;
madness and VW;
marriage of Virginia and Leonard Woolf;
normality and VW;
reading by VW; Sackville–West, Vita;
sexuality and VW;
suicide of VW——correspondence: edict against children not mentioned in,
42; natural flow and warmth in, generally,
150; with Barbara Bagenal,
165; with Clive Bell,
64,
113,
126–127,
128–129,
164; with Julian Bell,
51; with Quentin Bell,
47,
51,
175; with Vanessa Bell, nature of,
126,
131,
150; with Vanessa Bell,
15–16,
18,
36–37,
42,
52,
80,
81,
105,
107,
115,
123,
124,
125,
130,
131,
132–133,
141,
166,
174,
175,
176,
177–178,
187,
199; with Janet Case,
49; with Lady Cecil McGibbons (Lady Robert Cecil),
12,
122; with Katherine Cox,
24,
52; with Margaret Llewelyn Davies,
56,
58,
59,
124; with Violet Dickinson,
12,
14,
38,
40,
47,
49,
81,
87,
91,
110,
112,
114,
115,
117,
118,
119,
122,
123,
126,
176; with George Duckworth,
103; with Roger Fry,
20,
165,
171,
181; with Duncan Grant,
44; with Mary Hutchinson,
160–161; with John Lehmann,
192,
201; with LW,
149,
150,
203; with Ottoline Morrell,
49; with Benedict Nicolson,
188,
190–191; with Gwen Raverat,
42; with Jacques Raverat,
48,
109; with George Rylands,
196; with Edward Sackville-West,
176; with Vita Sackville-West,
28,
91,
170,
172–173,
178,
184,
190,
196,
197,
200; with Ethel Smyth,
38–39,
41,
49,
50,
51,
52,
56,
118,
127,
156,
171,
173,
175,
185–186,
187,
196,
197; with Ethel Smyth, nature of,
175; with Margery Snowden,
133; with Thoby Stephen,
111; with Lytton Strachey,
24–25,
28,
38,
105,
129,
132,
167; with Philippa Strachey,
196; with Lady Tweedsmuir,
76; with Emma Vaughn,
103,
112,
132; with Madge Vaughn,
119,
122,
132; with Octavia Wilberforce,
197; with Leonard Woolf,
17,
38——works: “Am I a Snob?,”
66;
Freshwater (play),
164–165,
221n22; Roger Fry biography,
186–188,
221n6;
Harper’s Bazaar commissioning and then rejecting short story,
195;
The Hyde Park Gate News, 74–75,
120; inherited by Trekkie Parson,
67;
Jacob’s Room, 156,
223n73; literary criticism,
116,
122,
157,
170; “The Mark on the Wall,”
62,
129,
156; “The Mysterious Case of Miss. V,”
194,
225n38;
Night and Day, 155–156; “The Old Bloomsbury,”
66,
80;
Orlando, 173,
174,
178; posthumous disposition of papers,
66–67;
Reminiscences, 76,
176;
Sketch of the Past, 75–77,
104,
190; “The Symbol,”
194; “A Terrible Tragedy in the Duck Pond,”
105–106;
Three Guineas, 46,
56,
173,
178,
178–181,
221n6; “22 Hyde Park Gate,”
66;
The Waves, 1,
26,
117,
143;
The Years, 52–55,
58,
91,
92,
165.
See also Between the Acts;
diary of VW;
Hogarth Press;
Moments of Being (Schulkind, ed.);
Mrs. Dalloway;
Passionate Apprentice, A: The Early Journals: 1897–
1909 (Leaska, ed.);
Room of One’s Own, A;
To the Lighthouse;
Voyage Out, TheWorld War II: air raids,
185,
186,
188–189,
198,
202; beginning of,
76; desire to survive, VW and,
185,
188–189; T. S. Eliot politics and,
165; end of,
66; Sigmund Freud, evacuation of,
181–182; isolation of VW and,
185,
186,
189,
190,
192–193,
195–196,
198–199; LW on future necessary catastrophe,
196; LW on treatment of Jews,
184; LW work life and,
186,
189;
Moments of Being on,
76; Adrian Stephen and,
121,
185; suicide pact between LW and VW,
9,
57–58,
89,
185,
193;
Three Guineas written in lead-up to,
46,
56,
173,
178,
178–181,
221n6; VW and,
185–186,
188–190,
195–196.
See also anti-Semitism;
Hitler, Adolf, and Nazism