How to do it...

Create the rgbled.py script and perform the following steps:

1. Import all the required modules and define the values to be used with the help of the following code:

#!/usr/bin/python3 
#rgbled.py 
import time 
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO 
 
#Setup Active states 
#Common Cathode RGB-LEDs (Cathode=Active Low) 
LED_ENABLE = 0; LED_DISABLE = 1 
RGB_ENABLE = 1; RGB_DISABLE = 0 
#HARDWARE SETUP 
# GPIO 
# 2[=====1=23=4==]26[=======]40 
# 1[===5=RGB=====]25[=======]39 
#LED CONFIG - Set GPIO Ports 
LED1 = 12; LED2 = 16; LED3 = 18; LED4 = 22; LED5 = 7 
LED = [LED1,LED2,LED3,LED4,LED5] 
RGB_RED = 11; RGB_GREEN = 13; RGB_BLUE = 15 
RGB = [RGB_RED,RGB_GREEN,RGB_BLUE] 
#Mixed Colors 
RGB_CYAN = [RGB_GREEN,RGB_BLUE] 
RGB_MAGENTA = [RGB_RED,RGB_BLUE] 
RGB_YELLOW = [RGB_RED,RGB_GREEN] 
RGB_WHITE = [RGB_RED,RGB_GREEN,RGB_BLUE] 
RGB_LIST = [RGB_RED,RGB_GREEN,RGB_BLUE,RGB_CYAN, 
            RGB_MAGENTA,RGB_YELLOW,RGB_WHITE] 

2. Define functions to set up the GPIO pins using the following code:

def led_setup(): 
  '''Setup the RGB-LED module pins and state.''' 
  #Set up the wiring 
  GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD) 
  # Setup Ports 
  for val in LED: 
    GPIO.setup(val, GPIO.OUT) 
  for val in RGB: 
    GPIO.setup(val, GPIO.OUT) 
  led_clear()

3. Define our utility functions to help control the LEDs using the following code:

def led_gpiocontrol(pins,state): 
  '''This function will control the state of 
  a single or multiple pins in a list.''' 
  #determine if "pins" is a single integer or not 
  if isinstance(pins,int): 
    #Single integer - reference directly 
    GPIO.output(pins,state) 
  else: 
    #if not, then cycle through the "pins" list 
    for i in pins: 
      GPIO.output(i,state) 
 
def led_activate(led,color): 
  '''Enable the selected led(s) and set the required color(s) 
  Will accept single or multiple values''' 
  #Enable led 
  led_gpiocontrol(led,LED_ENABLE) 
  #Enable color 
  led_gpiocontrol(color,RGB_ENABLE) 
 
def led_deactivate(led,color): 
  '''Deactivate the selected led(s) and set the required 
  color(s) will accept single or multiple values''' 
  #Disable led 
  led_gpiocontrol(led,LED_DISABLE) 
  #Disable color 
  led_gpiocontrol(color,RGB_DISABLE) 
   
def led_time(led, color, timeon): 
  '''Switch on the led and color for the timeon period''' 
  led_activate(led,color) 
  time.sleep(timeon) 
  led_deactivate(led,color) 
 
def led_clear(): 
  '''Set the pins to default state.''' 
  for val in LED: 
    GPIO.output(val, LED_DISABLE) 
  for val in RGB: 
    GPIO.output(val, RGB_DISABLE) 
 
def led_cleanup(): 
  '''Reset pins to default state and release GPIO''' 
  led_clear() 
  GPIO.cleanup()

4. Create a test function to demonstrate the functionality of the module:

def main(): 
  '''Directly run test function. 
  This function will run if the file is executed directly''' 
  led_setup() 
  led_time(LED1,RGB_RED,5) 
  led_time(LED2,RGB_GREEN,5) 
  led_time(LED3,RGB_BLUE,5) 
  led_time(LED,RGB_MAGENTA,2) 
  led_time(LED,RGB_YELLOW,2) 
  led_time(LED,RGB_CYAN,2)  
 
if __name__=='__main__': 
  try: 
    main() 
  finally: 
    led_cleanup() 
#End