Notes

LANGUAGE MATTERS

  1   Yusif Sayigh, Arab Economist, Palestinian Patriot, p. 190.

PREFACE

  1   Edward Said, The Question of Palestine, p. 81.

  2   Elia Etkin, The ingathering of (non-human) exiles: the creation of the Tel Aviv Zoological Garden animal collection, 1938–1948, Journal of Israeli History 35 (1), 2016.

INTRODUCTION

  1   http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/06/201362219549114855.html.

  2   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aj-pyJF6ckU.

  3   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCCHsXCgaeA.

  4   http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/11/2012112111117878510.html.

  5   http://www.palwatch.org/pages/news_archive.aspx?doc_id=7103.

  6   http://www.zobbel.de/stamp/pna_2012.html.

  7   https://www.facebook.com/NationalLibraryofIsrael/posts/1363911096957444.

  8   Paul L. Scham, The historical narratives of Israelis and Palestinians and the peacemaking process, Israel Studies Forum 21 (2), Winter 2006, pp. 58–84.

  9   Nadim Rouhana, in Robert Rotberg (ed.), Israeli and Palestinian Narratives, p. 118.

10   Afif Safieh, Independent, 22 March 2015.

11   Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian and Sarah Ihmoud, Exiled at home: writing return and the Palestinian home, Biography 37 (2), Spring 2014, pp. 377–97.

12   Alan Cunningham, Palestine: the last days of the Mandate, International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs) 24 (4), Oct. 1948, pp. 481–90.

13   Sami Adwan et al. (eds.), Side By Side: Parallel Histories.

14   Paul Scham et al., Shared Histories, pp. 44–6.

15   Adwan et al. (eds.), Side By Side, p. x.

16   Neil Caplan, The Israel-Palestine Conflict, pp. 241–4.

17   Walid Khalidi, All That Remains.

18   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle and the Search for a State.

19   Rashid Khalidi, The Iron Cage, p. xxxiv.

20   Ari Shavit, My Promised Land, p. 108.

21   Neve Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, pp. xvi–xvii.

22   Dina Matar, Whose ‘ethnic cleansing’? Israel’s appropriation of the Palestinian narrative. Al-Shabaka, 26 March 2017.

23   Scham, Historical narratives, op. cit.

24   Asher Susser, Israel, Jordan and Palestine: The Two-State Imperative, p. 219.

25   Avraham Sela and Alon Kadish, Israeli and Palestinian memories and historical narratives of the 1948 war – an overview, Israel Studies 21 (1), Spring 2016, pp. 1–25.

26   Ahmad Samih Khalidi, The Palestinians cannot be Zionists, Foreign Policy, 15 June 2011.

27   Palestinian-Israeli Pulse, 16 February 2017, http://www.pcpsr.org/en/node/678.

28   Haaretz, 17 February 2014.

1. 1917

  1   Jerusalem Post, 9 December 1977; Tom Segev, One Palestine, Complete, pp. 52–3.

  2   A. J. Sherman, Mandate Memories, p. 35.

  3   Eitan Bar-Yosef, The Holy Land in English Culture, pp. 247–65.

  4   Gudrun Kramer, A History of Palestine, p. 145.

  5   Johann Büssow, Hamidian Palestine, p. 41.

  6   Yehoshua Porath, The Emergence of the Palestinian Arab National Movement, pp. 7–8.

  7   Rashid Khalidi, Palestinian Identity, pp. 150–58.

  8   Arthur Koestler, Promise and Fulfilment, p. 4.

  9   Mayir Verete, The Balfour Declaration and its makers, Middle Eastern Studies 6, 1970, pp. 48–76.

10   William M. Mathew, The Balfour Declaration and the Palestine Mandate, 1917–1923: British imperialist imperatives, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 40 (3), 2013, pp. 231–50.

11   Leonard Stein, The Balfour Declaration; Jonathan Schneer, The Balfour Declaration; Michael J. Cohen, Was the Balfour Declaration at risk in 1923? Zionism and British imperialism, Journal of Israeli History 29 (1), 2010.

12   George Antonius, The Arab Awakening, p. 395.

13   Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 262.

14   Walter Laqueur, The Road to War, p. 15.

15   Verete, The Balfour Declaration, op. cit.

16   Observer, 8 December 2013; Walid Khalidi, SOAS lecture, London, 6 March 2014.

17   Schneer, The Balfour Declaration, p. 342.

18   Ronald Storrs, Orientations, p. 324.

19   Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, The First World War in the Middle East, p. 109.

20   Salim Tamari, http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/30_tamari_1.pdf.

21   Storrs, Orientations, p. 347.

22   David Gilmour, Curzon, p. 482.

23   Khalidi, SOAS lecture, 6 March 2014.

2. 1882–1917

  1   Shmuel Tolkowsky, in H. Sacher (ed.), Zionism and the Jewish Future, p. 155.

  2   Menachem Klein, Lives in Common, p. 41.

  3   Abigail Jacobson, From Empire to Empire, p. 86.

  4   Mahmoud Yazbak, Haifa in the Late Ottoman Period, p. 217.

  5   Derek Penslar, Zionism and Technocracy, pp. 18–19.

  6   Ronald Florence, Lawrence and Aaronsohn, pp. 32–3.

  7   Lawrence Oliphant, Haifa: Or, Life in Modern Palestine, p. 12.

  8   David Kushner (ed.), Palestine in the Late Ottoman Period, p. 286.

  9   Gershon Shafir, Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 187.

10   Adam M. Garfinkle, On the origin, meaning, use, and abuse of a phrase, Middle East Studies 27, October 1991, pp. 539–50.

11   Ami Ayalon, Reading Palestine: Printing and Literacy, 1900–1948, p. 16, cites literacy figures of 1–3 per cent in nineteenth-century Palestine.

12   Beshara B. Doumani, Rediscovering Ottoman Palestine: writing Palestinians into history, Journal of Palestine Studies 21 (2), Winter 1992, pp. 5–28.

13   Tolkowsky, in Sacher (ed.), Zionism and the Jewish Future, p. 140.

14   Yael Zerubavel, The desert and the settlement as symbolic landscapes in modern Israeli culture, in Julia Brauch et al. (eds.), Jewish Topographies, pp. 201–22.

15   Yehoshua Porath, The Emergence of the Palestinian Arab National Movement, p. 25.

16   Shafir, Land, Labor, p. 201.

17   Anita Shapira, Land and Power, p. 57.

18   Shafir, Land, Labor, p. 56.

19   Neville J. Mandel, The Arabs and Zionism Before World War I, p. 34.

20   Ben-Bassat, Haaretz, 4 November 2012.

21   Oliphant, Haifa, p. 288.

22   Mandel, Arabs and Zionism, p. 40.

23   Israel Cohen (ed.), Zionist Work in Palestine, pp. 164–5.

24   Alan Dowty, Much ado about little: Ahad Ha’am’s ‘Truth from Eretz Yisrael’, Zionism, and the Arabs, Israel Studies 5 (2), Fall 2000, pp. 154–81.

25   David Goldberg, To the Promised Land, p. 39.

26   Mandel, Arabs and Zionism, p. 20.

27   Ilan Pappé, The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty, p. 118.

28   Gudrun Kramer, A History of Palestine, p. 113.

29   David Hirst, The Gun and the Olive Branch, pp. 14–15; David Vital, Zionism: The Formative Years, p. 380.

30   Vital, Zionism, p. 381.

31   Theodor Herzl, Old New Land (Altneuland), p. 42.

32   Gabriel Piterberg, The Returns of Zionism, p. 39.

33   Rashid Khalidi, Palestinian Identity, p. 104.

34   Michelle Campos, Ottoman Brothers: Muslims, Christians, and Jews, pp. 219–20.

35   Shapira, Land and Power, p. 51.

36   Dowty, Much ado about little, op. cit.

37   Gur Alroey, An Unpromising Land, p. 159.

38   Mark LeVine, Overthrowing Geography, p. 45.

39   Alroey, Unpromising Land, p. 169.

40   A. W. Kayyali, Palestine: A Modern History, p. 24.

41   Gil Eyal, The Disenchantment of the Orient, p. 33.

42   Anat Kidron, The Haifa Community Committee during World War I, in Eran Dolev et al. (eds.), Palestine and World War I, p. 245.

43   T. E. Lawrence, The Letters of T. E. Lawrence, p. 74.

44   Yaacov Ro’i, The Zionist attitude to the Arabs, 1908–1914, in Elie Kedourie and Sylvia G. Haim (eds.), Palestine and Israel in the 19th and 20th Centuries, p. 20.

45   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 2.

46   Jonathan Gribetz, Defining Neighbors, p. 90.

47   Khalidi, Palestinian Identity, pp. 124–41; Emanuel Beška, Political opposition to Zionism in Palestine and Greater Syria: 1910–1911 as a turning point, Jerusalem Quarterly 59, 2014.

48   Yazbak, Haifa, pp. 221–2.

49   Michelle U. Campos, Between ‘Beloved Ottomania’ and ‘The Land of Israel’: the struggle over Ottomanism and Zionism among Palestine’s Sephardi Jews, 1908–13, International Journal of Middle East Studies 37 (4), November 2005, pp. 461–83.

50   Gribetz, Defining Neighbors, p. 190; Goldberg, Promised Land, p. 163.

51   Jacob Norris, Land of Progress, p. 45.

52   Gribetz, Defining Neighbors, pp. 1–14.

53   Mandel, Arabs and Zionism, p. 106.

54   Yuval Ben-Bassat, Rural reactions to Zionist activity in Palestine before and after the Young Turk Revolution of 1908 as reflected in petitions to Istanbul, Middle Eastern Studies 49 (3), 2013, pp. 349–63.

55   Cohen (ed.), Zionist Work, pp. 172–3.

56   Kayyali, Palestine, p. 29.

57   Ro’i, Zionist attitude to the Arabs, p. 35, op. cit.

58   Tolkowsky, in Sacher (ed.), Zionism, p. 156.

59   Shapira, Land and Power, p. 64.

60   Shafir, Land, Labor, p. 87.

61   Ro’i, Zionist attitude to the Arabs, p. 47, op. cit.

62   Emile Marmorstein, European Jews in Muslim Palestine, in Kedourie and Haim (eds.), Palestine and Israel in the 19th and 20th Centuries, p. 10.

63   Shafir, Land, Labor, p. 141.

64   Yuval Ben-Bassat and Gur Alroey, The Zionist–Arab incident of Zarnuqa 1913: a chronicle and several methodological remarks, Middle Eastern Studies 52 (5), 2016, pp. 787–803.

65   Issam Khalidi, Palestine sports and scouts: factional politics and the Maccabiad in the 1930s, Jerusalem Quarterly 63/64, 2015.

66   Penslar, Zionism and Technocracy, p. 120.

67   Alroey, Unpromising Land, p. 116.

68   Shafir, Land, Labor, p. 203.

69   Yosef Gorny, Zionism and the Arabs, pp. 54–5.

70   23 February 1913 to Vera, Yehuda Reinharz, Chaim Weizmann, pp. 394–5.

71   Gorny, Zionism, p. 64.

72   Campos, Ottoman Brothers, p. 231.

73   Mandel, Arabs and Zionism, p. 229.

74   Mandel, Arabs and Zionism, p. 212.

75   Filastin, 29 April 1914; Kayyali, Palestine, p. 39.

76   Neil Caplan, Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, p. 14.

3. 1917–1929

  1   Zionist Review, July 1918.

  2   Neil Caplan, Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, p. 22.

  3   Yehoshua Porath, The Emergence of the Palestinian Arab National Movement, p. 32.

  4   Gudrun Kramer, History of Palestine, p. 158.

  5   Geoffrey Furlonge, Palestine is My Country, pp. 35–64.

  6   Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 244.

  7   Nakdimon Rogel, Weizmann’s man in Damascus: Dr. Shlomo Felman’s mission to Faisal’s court, September 1919–July 1920, Studies in Zionism 4 (2), 1983.

  8   Neil Caplan, Faisal Ibn Husain and the Zionists: a re-examination with documents, International History Review 5 (4), 1983, pp. 561–614.

  9   Abba Eban, My People, p. 377.

10   Caplan, Palestine Jewry, p. 42; Tom Segev, One Palestine, Complete, p. 116.

11   Zionist Review, January 1920.

12   Haim Gerber, Remembering and Imagining Palestine, p. 97.

13   Ronald Storrs, Orientations, p. 428.

14   Storrs, Orientations, p. 398.

15   Anita Shapira, Land and Power, pp. 98–109.

16   Caplan, Palestine Jewry, p. 57.

17   Storrs, Orientations, p. 387.

18   Gerber, Remembering and Imagining, p. 96.

19   Porath, Emergence, p. 81.

20   Viscount Samuel, Memoirs, p. 154.

21   Ilan Pappé, Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty, p. 204.

22   Pappé, Rise and Fall, p. 206.

23   A. J. Sherman, Mandate Memories, p. 54.

24   Elie Kedourie, The Chatham House Version, p. 55.

25   Yoav Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, pp. 34–6.

26   Abigail Jacobson, From Empire to Empire, p. 165.

27   Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 20.

28   Porath, Emergence, p. 68.

29   Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, p. 55.

30   Caplan, Palestine Jewry, p. 101.

31   Porath, Emergence, p. 68.

32   Neil Caplan, The Israel-Palestine Conflict, p. 11.

33   Porath, Emergence, p. 60.

34   Porath, Emergence, p. 133.

35   Yeruham Cohen, Leor Hayom uvaMahshekh, p. 10.

36   Caplan, Palestine Jewry, p. 94.

37   Simha Flapan, Zionism and the Palestinians, p. 61.

38   Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 349.

39   David HaCohen, Time to Tell, p. 168.

40   Kedourie, Chatham House Version, p. 71.

41   Flapan, Zionism and the Palestinians, p. 62.

42   Meir Pa’il, Min HaHaganah leTzva Haganah, pp. 19–24.

43   The Iron Wall, Razsviet, 4 March 1923.

44   Haycraft Report, p. 50.

45   Haycraft Report, p. 50; Peel Report, p. 52.

46   W. F. Stirling, Safety Last, quoted in Walid Khalidi, From Haven to Conquest, pp. 233–4.

47   Weizmann, Trial and Error, pp. 372–4.

48   Yael Zerubavel, The desert and the settlement as symbolic landscapes in modern Israeli culture, in Julia Brauch et al. (eds.), Jewish Topographies, pp. 201–23.

49   Sharon Rotbard, White City, Black City, p. 89.

50   Mark LeVine, Overthrowing Geography, p. 119.

51   Rotbard, White City, Black City, p. 91.

52   Cohen, Leor Hayom, p. 10.

53   Sherman, Mandate Memories, p. 73.

54   Gur Alroey, Unpromising Land, p. 17.

55   Evyatar Friesel, Through a peculiar lens: Zionism and Palestine in British diaries, 1927–31, Middle Eastern Studies 29 (3), 1993, pp. 419–44.

56   Barbara J. Smith, The Roots of Separatism, p. 4.

57   Jacob Norris, Land of Progress, p. 85.

58   Caplan, Palestine Jewry, pp. 132, 198–9.

59   Elie Kedourie, Herbert Samuel and the government of Palestine, in The Chatham House Version, p. 59.

60   Kenneth Stein, The Land Question in Palestine, p. 59.

61   Yosef Gorny, Zionism and the Arabs, pp. 138–43.

62   Zachary Lockman, Comrades and Enemies, p. 44; Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, pp. 33–5.

63   Martin Gilbert, Exile and Return, p. 149.

64   Walter Laqueur, A History of Zionism, p. 251.

65   Roy Macleod, Balfour’s mission to Palestine: science, strategy, and the inauguration of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Minerva 46 (1), 2008, pp. 53–76.

66   Nili Fox, Balfouriya: an American Zionist failure or secret success? American Jewish History 78 (4), 1989, pp. 497–512.

67   Pappé, Rise and Fall, p. 230.

68   Porath, Emergence, p. 213.

69   Stein, Land Question, p. 70; Ted Swedenburg, Memories of Revolt, pp. 98–9.

70   Donna Robinson Divine, Politics and Society in Ottoman Palestine, pp. 194–5.

71   Porath, Emergence, p. 253.

72   Weldon Matthews, Confronting an Empire, p. 65.

73   Hillel Cohen, Tarpat, pp. 133–4.

74   Porath, Emergence, p. 266.

75   Segev, One Palestine, p. 304; David Ben-Gurion, Zichronot, pp. 340–49.

76   Cohen, Tarpat, pp. 147–8.

77   Rana Barakat, The Jerusalem Fellah: popular politics in Mandate-era Palestine, Journal of Palestine Studies 46 (1), 2016, pp. 7–19.

78   Bernard Wasserstein, The British in Palestine, p. 237.

79   Shapira, Land and Power, p. 177.

80   Matthews, Confronting an Empire, p. 65.

81   Sami Adwan et al. (eds.), Side By Side: Parallel Histories, p. 63.

82   https://www.academia.edu/8567561/Calendars_martyrs_and_Palestinian_particularism_under_British_rule.

83   Segev, One Palestine, pp. 314–26.

84   Porath, Emergence, p. 272.

85   Shapira, Land and Power, p. 174.

86   Christopher Sykes, Cross Roads, p. 139.

87   Cohen, Tarpat, p. 163.

88   S. Y. Agnon, Me-atzmi el atzmi, p. 406.

89   Tom Segev, 1949: The First Israelis, p. 67.

90   Gilbert, Exile and Return, p. 154.

91   Sykes, Cross Roads, p. 145.

92   Carly, Beckerman-Boys, The reversal of the Passfield White Paper, 1930–31: a reassessment, Journal of Contemporary History 51 (2), 2016, pp. 213–33.

93   Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 415.

94   Hans Kohn, letter to Dr Feiwel, Jerusalem, 21 November 1929, cited in Martin Buber, A Land of Two Peoples.

95   Norman Bentwich, For Zion’s Sake: A Biography of Judah L. Magnes, p. 178.

96   Michael Bar-Zohar, Ben-Gurion, p. 310.

97   Gerber, Remembering and Imagining, p. 34.

98   Jennifer Glynn (ed.), Tidings from Zion, p. 177.

99   Peel Report, p. 70.

100    Suzy Eban, A Sense of Purpose, pp. 47–8.

4. 1929–1936

  1   Filastin, 2 November 1932.

  2   Weldon Matthews, Confronting an Empire, p. 161.

  3   Kenneth Stein, The Land Question, p. 215.

  4   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian Press, pp. 114–18.

  5   Raya Adler (Cohen), Mandatory land policy, tenancy and the Wadi al-Hawarith affair, 1929–1933, Studies in Zionism: Politics, Society, Culture 7 (2), 1986, pp. 233–57.

  6   Matthews, Confronting an Empire, pp. 189–93.

  7   Kabha, Palestinian Press, p. 135.

  8   Matthews, Confronting an Empire, pp. 44–52.

  9   Shai Lachman, Arab rebellion and terrorism in Palestine, 1929–1939: the case of Sheikh Izz al-Din al-Qassam and his movement, in Elie Kedourie and Sylvia G. Haim (eds.), Zionism and Arabism in Palestine and Israel, pp. 52–100.

10   Peel Report, p. 81.

11   Jacob Norris, Land of Progress, p. 170.

12   Haim Gerber, Remembering and Imagining Palestine, p. 125.

13   Yehoshua Porath, Emergence of the Palestinian Arab National Movement, p. 123.

14   Lachman, Arab rebellion, p. 53, op. cit.

15   Matthews, Confronting an Empire, p. 156.

16   Yoav Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, pp. 115–26.

17   David Ben-Gurion, Zichronot, p. 686.

18   Ian Black, Zionism and the Arabs, pp. 13–14.

19   Shabtai Teveth, Retsah Arlosoroff.

20   David Ben-Gurion, My Talks with Arab Leaders, p. 21.

21   Geoffrey Furlonge, Palestine is My Country, p. 104.

22   Neil Caplan, Futile Diplomacy, Vol. 2, pp. 189–92; Ben-Gurion, My Talks, pp. 14–21.

23   Black, Zionism, pp. 191–3.

24   Anita Shapira, Ben-Gurion, p. 94; Martin Kramer, Sandbox, 3 November 2015.

25   Porath, Emergence, pp. 132–3.

26   Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, pp. 106–7.

27   Mahmoud Yazbak, From poverty to revolt: economic factors in the outbreak of the 1936 rebellion in Palestine, Middle Eastern Studies 36 (3), 2000, pp. 97–105.

28   Nevill Barbour, Nisi Dominus, p. 133.

29   Ted Swedenburg, Memories of Revolt, pp. 29–30; Lachman, Arab rebellion, op. cit.

30   Gideon Shimoni, The Zionist Ideology, p. 380.

31   Gilbert Achcar, The Arabs and the Holocaust, p. 49.

32   Shimon Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 19.

5. 1936–1939

  1   Sefer Toldot haHaganah (STH), Vol. 2, p. 632; Subhi Yassin, Al-Thawra al-Arabiya al-Kubra fi Filastin, p. 42; Gilbert Achcar, The Arabs and the Holocaust, p. 133.

  2   Ian Black, Zionism and the Arabs, p. 17.

  3   Mahmoud Yazbak, From poverty to revolt: economic factors in the outbreak of the 1936 rebellion in Palestine, Middle Eastern Studies 36 (3), 2000, pp. 93–113.

  4   Zeina Ghandour, A Discourse on Domination in Mandate Palestine, p. 117.

  5   Jacob Norris, Repression and rebellion: Britain’s response to the Arab Revolt in Palestine of 1936–39, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 36 (1), 2008.

  6   Thomas Hodgkin, Letters from Palestine, 3 June 1936, p. 170.

  7   Filastin, 12 July 1936, quoted in STH, Vol. 2, p. 639.

  8   David Ben-Gurion, My Talks with Arab Leaders, p. 80.

  9   Leila Parsons, The Commander, p. 120.

10   A. J. Sherman, Mandate Memories, p. 101.

11   Black, Zionism, p. 26.

12   Lord Melchett, Thy Neighbour, p. 225.

13   Black, Zionism, pp. 47–8.

14   Matthew Hughes, The banality of brutality: British armed forces and the repression of the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936–39, English Historical Review 124 (507), 2009, pp. 313–54.

15   Shabtai Teveth, Ben-Gurion; Mark LeVine, Overthrowing Geography, p. 104.

16   H. J. Simson, British Rule and Rebellion, p. 227.

17   Martin Gilbert, Exile and Return, p. 165.

18   Yehoshua Porath, Emergence of the Palestinian Arab National Movement, p. 212.

19   Neil Caplan, Faisal Ibn Husain and the Zionists: a re-examination with documents, International History Review 5 (4), 1983, pp. 561–614.

20   Peel Report, p. 123.

21   Rael Jean Isaac, Israel Divided, p. 33; New Judaea, August–Sept. 1937, p. 214.

22   Benny Morris (ed.), Making Israel, p. 16.

23   Black, Zionism, p. 90.

24   Ghandour, Discourse on Domination, pp. 166–74.

25   James Barr, A Line in the Sand, pp. 174–83.

26   Hughes, Banality, op. cit.

27   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 77.

28   Hughes, Banality, op. cit.

29   William Quandt et al., The Politics of Palestinian Nationalism, p. 38.

30   Hughes, Banality, op. cit.

31   Matthew Hughes, The practice and theory of British counterinsurgency: the histories of the atrocities at the Palestinian villages of al-Bassa and Halhul, 1938–1939, Small Wars & Insurgencies 20 (3–4), 2009, pp. 528–50.

32   Norris, Repression and rebellion, op. cit.

33   Yusif Sayigh, Arab Economist, p. 158.

34   Itamar Radai, The rise and fall of the Palestinian-Arab middle class under the British Mandate, 1920–39, Journal of Contemporary History, 2016.

35   Ghandour, Discourse on Domination, p. 113.

36   Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 484.

37   Palestine Post, 17 July 1938.

38   Black, Zionism, p. 380.

39   Elie Eliachar, Lihiot im haPalestinaim, p. 65.

40   Yoav Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, p. 184.

41   Hillel Cohen, Tarpat, p. 127.

42   Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, pp. 240–43.

43   Quandt et al., Politics of Palestinian Nationalism, p. 39.

44   Sayigh, Arab Economist, p. 160.

45   Cohen, Tarpat, pp. 143–4.

46   Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 488; Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows, pp. 143–4.

47   Matthew Hughes, Palestinian collaboration with the British: the peace bands and the Arab Revolt in Palestine, 1936–1939, Journal of Contemporary History, May 2015.

48   Haim Gerber, Remembering and Imagining Palestine, pp. 150–51.

49   Hughes, British counterinsurgency, op. cit.

50   Black, Zionism, pp. 390–98.

51   Anita Shapira, Land and Power, p. 253.

52   Sharon Rotbard, White City, Black City, p. 93.

53   Meir Pa’il, Min HaHaganah leTzva Haganah, p. 141.

54   Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 489.

55   STH, Vol. 2, pt 2, p. 820; Anita Shapira, Yigal Allon, p. 96.

56   John Knight, Securing Zion? Policing in British Palestine, 1917–39, European Review of History: Revue européenne d’histoire, 2011.

57   STH, Vol. 2, pt 2, pp. 650, 800–802.

58   Sonia Nimr, in LeVine and Shafir (eds.), Struggle and Survival, pp. 141–56.

59   Gerber, Remembering and Imagining, p. 153.

60   Ted Swedenburg, Memories of Revolt, pp. 171–202.

61   Nasser Nashashibi, Jerusalem’s Other Voice, p. 107.

62   Achcar, Arabs and Holocaust, p. 139.

63   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 7.

64   Philip Mattar, The Mufti of Jerusalem, p. 151.

65   May Seikaly, Haifa, p. 250.

66   Yfaat Weiss, A Confiscated Memory, p. 67.

67   Simson, British Rule, p. 134.

68   Peel Report, p. 146.

69   Yonatan Mendel, The Creation of Israeli Arabic, p. 29.

70   Menachem Klein, Lives in Common, p. 74.

71   Tamir Goren, The struggle to save the national symbol: Jaffa Port from the Arab Revolt until the twilight of the British Mandate, Middle Eastern Studies 51 (6), 2015, pp. 863–82.

72   Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 508.

6. 1939–1945

  1   http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/this-day-in-jewish-history/1.545939.

  2   Baruch Kimmerling and Joel Migdal, The Palestinian People, p. 138.

  3   Joseph Nevo, The Arabs of Palestine 1947–48: military and political activity, Middle Eastern Studies 23 (1), 1987, pp. 3–38; Issa Khalaf, Politics in Palestine, p. 90.

  4   Tom Segev, The Seventh Million, pp. 97–8.

  5   Guardian, 15 February 1992.

  6   Moshe Sharett, Yoman Medini, Vol. 5, p. 113.

  7   Anita Shapira, Yigal Allon, p. 74.

  8   Itamar Radai, Palestinians in Jerusalem and Jaffa, p. 133.

  9   Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 176.

10   Menachem Klein, Lives in Common, p. 74.

11   Countess Ranfurly, To War with Whitaker, p. 103.

12   Richard Crossman, Palestine Mission, p. 123.

13   Salim Tamari, Jerusalem 1948, p. 1.

14   Norman Rose, A Senseless, Squalid War, p. 58.

15   Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, pp. 529–30.

16   Ezra Danin, Tzioni Bekol Tnai, p. 157.

17   Walid Khalidi, The Arab perspective, in Louis and Stookey (eds.), The End of the Palestine Mandate, p. 107.

18   Anita Shapira, Land and Power, p. 283.

19   Shapira, Land and Power, pp. 308–10.

20   Noah Lucas, Modern History, p. 193.

21   Peel Report, p. 390.

22   Ian Black, Zionism, pp. 356–7; Yoav Gelber, The beginnings of the Israeli-Druze alliance, 1930–1948, Cathedra 60, 1991, pp. 141–81.

23   Nur Masalha, Palestine Nakba, p. 6; David Hirst, The Gun and the Olive Branch, p. 130.

24   Erskine Childers, The other exodus, Spectator, 12 May 1961, reprinted in Walter Laqueur (ed.), The Israel–Arab Reader, pp. 179–88.

25   Mordechai Bar-On, Cleansing history of its content: some critical comments on Ilan Pappé’s The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine, Journal of Israeli History 27 (2), 2008.

26   Yoav Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, pp. 510–27.

27   Ian Black and Benny Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, pp. 20–23.

28   Sarah Ozacky, The Haganah in Arab eyes, in Dani Hadari (ed.), Homat Magen pp. 303–42.

29   http://info.Palmah.org.il/show_item.asp?levelId=38612&itemId=5897&itemType=0.

30   Meron Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 232.

31   Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 188.

32   Hillel Cohen, Tarpat, p. 305.

33   Ari Shavit, My Promised Land, pp. 71–99.

34   Shapira, Land and Power, p. 311.

35   Shimon Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 47.

36   Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 71.

37   http://jerusalemquarterly.org/images/ArticlesPdf/JQ-52-Sela-Scouting_Palestinian_Territory_1940-1948.pdf.

38   Salman Abu Sitta, Mapping My Return, p. 55.

39   Danin, Tzioni Bekol Tnai, pp. 217–18.

40   Hadara Lazar, Out of Palestine, p. 56.

41   Gelber, Shorshei haHavatselet, p. 300.

42   Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 196.

43   T. R. Feiwel, No Ease in Zion, pp. 275–87.

44   Crossman, Palestine Mission, pp. 157–8.

45   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 27.

46   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 68.

47   Khalaf, Politics in Palestine, p. 91.

7. 1945–1949

  1   S. Yizhar, Khirbet Khiza, p. 107.

  2   Ilan Pappé, The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine, p. 50; Saleh Abdel-Jawad, in Robert Rotberg (ed.), Israeli and Palestinian Narratives of Conflict; Benny Morris, Righteous Victims, pp. 89–90.

  3   Said Aburish, Children of Bethany, p. 103.

  4   David Horowitz, State in the Making, p. 102.

  5   12 March 1947. Norman Rose, A Senseless, Squalid War.

  6   Horowitz, State in the Making, p. 171.

  7   Joseph Nevo, The Arabs of Palestine 1947–48: military and political activity, Middle Eastern Studies 23 (1), 1987, pp. 3–38.

  8   Nevo, Arabs of Palestine.

  9   Walid Khalidi, in Louis and Stookey (eds.), The End of the Palestine Mandate, p. 121.

10   http://zionism-israel.com/Letters_from_Jerusalem_1948.html.

11   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 86.

12   Victor Kattan, From Coexistence to Conquest, p. 156.

13   Joseph Heller, in Elie Kedourie and Sylvia G. Haim (eds.), Zionism and Arabism, p. 147.

14   Richard Crossman, Palestine Mission, p. 141.

15   Benny Morris, 1948, p. 81.

16   Uri Avnery, 1948, pp. 4–5.

17   Salim Tamari, Jerusalem 1948, p. 98.

18   Gilbert Achcar, The Arabs and the Holocaust, p. 54.

19   Rashid Khalidi, The Iron Cage, pp. 22–30.

20   Aburish, Children, p. 94.

21   Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 225.

22   Maurice Perlman, The Mufti of Jerusalem, pp. 24–33.

23   John Strawson, Partitioning Palestine, p. 74.

24   Nevo, Arabs of Palestine, op. cit.

25   Khalidi, Iron Cage, p. 125.

26   Walid Khalidi, From Haven to Conquest, p. 858.

27   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 55.

28   Rose, Senseless, p. 58.

29   Christopher Sykes, Cross Roads, p. 402.

30   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 79.

31   Hisham Sharabi, Embers and Ashes, pp. 2–3.

32   Khalidi, in Louis and Stookey (eds.), End of the Palestine Mandate, p. 122.

33   Kabha, Palestinian People, pp. 100–101.

34   Leila Parsons, The Commander, pp. 157–8, 187–8.

35   Morris, 1948, p. 93.

36   Itamar Radai, Jaffa, 1948: the fall of a city, Journal of Israeli History 30 (1), 2011, pp. 23–43.

37   Nevo, Arabs of Palestine, op. cit.; Cohen, Army of Shadows, pp. 232–3.

38   W. Roger Louis, Sir Alan Cunningham and the end of British rule in Palestine, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 16 (3), 1988.

39   Nathan Krystall, The de-Arabization of West Jerusalem 1947–50, Journal of Palestine Studies 27 (2), 1998, pp. 5–22.

40   Ghada Karmi, In Search of Fatima, pp. 89–90.

41   Noam Chayut, The Girl who Stole my Holocaust, pp. 19–21.

42   Pappé, Ethnic Cleansing, p. 52.

43   Radai, Jaffa, 1948, op. cit.

44   Yoav Gelber, Palestine 1948, p. 75.

45   Nevo, Arabs of Palestine, p. 25, op. cit.

46   Itamar Radai, Palestinians in Jerusalem and Jaffa, p. 41.

47   Morris, 1948, pp. 196–7.

48   Pappé, Ethnic Cleansing, p. 75.

49   Pappé, Ethnic Cleansing.

50   Walid Khalidi, Plan Dalet: master plan for the conquest of Palestine, Journal of Palestine Studies 18 (Special Issue: Palestine 1948), 1988, pp. 4–33.

51   Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, p. 286.

52   Nur Masalha, The Palestine Nakba, p. 59.

53   Avi Shlaim, Guardian, 14 July 2014.

54   Avi Shlaim, Collusion Across the Jordan, p. 99.

55   Khalidi, in Louis and Stookey (eds.), End of the Palestine Mandate, p. 126.

56   Radai, Palestinians, p. 86.

57   Danny Rubinstein, The Last Battle. Unpublished manuscript.

58   Gelber, Palestine, p. 88.

59   Harry Levin quoted in Khalidi, From Haven to Conquest, pp. 767–70.

60   Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 232.

61   Eric Silver, Begin, p. 89.

62   Radai, Palestinians, p. 87.

63   Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited, p. 237.

64   Sharif Kanaana and Nihad Zitawi, Deir Yassin. Monograph No. 4, Destroyed Palestinian Villages Documentation Project, Documentation Centre of Bir Zeit University, 1987, p. 55.

65   Tamari, Jerusalem 1948, p. 109.

66   Pappé, Ethnic Cleansing, p. 92.

67   Gelber, Palestine, p. 101.

68   Radai, Palestinians, p. 90.

69   Hadara Lazar, Out of Palestine, p. 255.

70   Gelber, Palestine, p. 109.

71   Mustafa Abbasi, The end of Arab Tiberias: the Arabs of Tiberias and the battle for the city in 1948, Journal of Palestine Studies 37 (3), 2008, pp. 6–29.

72   Morris, 1948, p. 139.

73   http://moodle.technion.ac.il/file.php/2319/HAIFA_downtown2012/haifa_histories/out_3_.pdf.

74   Morris, Refugee Problem Revisited, pp. 309–10.

75   Haaretz, 26 May 2015.

76   Abu Iyad and Eric Rouleau, My Home, My Land, p. 23.

77   Beryl Cheal, Refugees in the Gaza Strip, December 1948–May 1950, Journal of Palestine Studies 18 (Special Issue: Palestine 1948), 1988, pp. 138–57, citing Paul Cossali and Clive Robson, Stateless in Gaza, 1986.

78   Mamdouh Nofal et al., Reflections on al-Nakba, Journal of Palestine Studies 28 (1), 1998, pp. 5–35.

79   Kattan, Coexistence to Conquest, p. 194.

80   Radai, Jaffa, 1948.

81   Mustafa Abbasi, The battle for Safad in the war of 1948: a revised study, International Journal of Middle East Studies 36 (1), 2004, pp. 21–47.

82   Mustafa Abbasi, The fall of Acre in the 1948 Palestine war, Journal of Palestine Studies 9 (4), 2010, pp. 6–27.

83   Zochrot interview, 12 July 2012.

84   Gelber, Palestine, pp. 114–15.

85   David Horowitz, State in the Making, p. 349.

86   Tom Segev, Haaretz, 21 October 2011.

87   Morris, 1948, p. 187.

88   Gelber, Palestine, p. 137.

89   Muhammad Hallaj, Recollections of the Nakba through a teenager’s eyes, Journal of Palestine Studies 38 (1), 2007–08.

90   Tamari, Jerusalem 1948, p. 266.

91   Sykes, Cross Roads, p. 405.

92   Musa Alami, The lesson of Palestine, Middle East Journal 3 (4), October 1949, pp. 373–405.

93   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 110.

94   Pappé, Ethnic Cleansing, p. 132.

95   Morris, 1948, p. 164.

96   Ilan Pappé, Out of the Frame, p. 73.

97   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 118.

98   Adina Hoffman, My Happiness, pp. 113–16.

99   Sami Adwan et al., Zoom In. Remembrances, pp. 143–4.

100    Anita Shapira, Yigal Allon, p. 227.

101    Amos Ofer, testimony, Zochrot, 20 January 2016; Ari Shavit, My Promised Land, pp. 99–135.

102    Shapira, Yigal Allon, p. 229.

103    Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 71.

104    Dan Kurzman, Soldier of Peace, pp. 140–41.

105    Morris, Refugee Problem Revisited, pp. 181–232.

106    Efrat Ben-Zeev, Remembering Palestine, p. 84.

107    Abdel Bari Atwan, A Country of Words, p. 23.

108    S. Yizhar, Khirbet Khiza, p. 109.

109    Anita Shapira, Hirbet Hizah: between remembering and forgetting, in Benny Morris (ed.), Making Israel, pp. 81–123.

110    Uri Avnery, Optimi, p. 290.

111    Salman Abu Sitta, Mapping My Return, p. 90.

112    Morris, 1948, p. 331.

113    Morris, 1948, p. 346.

114    Kobi Peled, Oral testimonies, archival sources, and the 1948 Arab–Israeli war: a close look at the occupation of a Galilean village, Journal of Israeli History 33 (1), 2014, pp. 41–61; Ben-Zeev, Remembering Palestine, pp. 63–84.

115    Morris, 1948, p. 406.

116    Bar-On, in Morris (ed.), Making Israel, p. 43.

117    Rosemarie M. Esber, Under the Cover of War, pp. 386–92.

118    Um Jabr Wishah, Palestinian voices: the 1948 war and its aftermath, Journal of Palestine Studies 35 (4), 2006, pp. 54–62.

119    Erskine Childers, The other exodus, Spectator, 12 May 1961.

120    Morris, Refugee Problem Revisited, p. 599.

121    Al-Hamishmar, 19 November 1948, quoted in Adel Manna, Nakba and Survival, p. 69.

122    Bar-On, in Morris (ed.), Making Israel, p. 43.

8. 1949–1953

  1   Elias Sanbar, Out of place, out of time, Mediterranean Historical Review 16 (1), 2001.

  2   Ian Lustick, Arabs in the Jewish State, p. 51.

  3   Arif al-Arif, Nakbat Bayt-al-Maqdis w’al Firdaus al-mafqoud, p. 3.

  4   Efrat Ben-Zeev, Remembering Palestine, p. 84.

  5   Rosemary Sayigh, The Palestinians, p. 82.

  6   Um Jabr Wishah, Palestinian voices: the 1948 war and its aftermath, Journal of Palestine Studies 35 (4), 2006, pp. 54–62.

  7   Yoav Gelber, Palestine 1948, p. 267.

  8   Beryl Cheal, Refugees in the Gaza Strip, December 1948–May 1950, Journal of Palestine Studies 18 (Special Issue: Palestine 1948), 1988, pp. 138–57.

  9   Sami Adwan et al. (eds.), Side By Side: Parallel Histories, p. 153.

10   Mark LeVine and Gershon Shafir (eds.), Struggle and Survival, p. 185.

11   Tom Segev, 1949, p. 29.

12   Quoted in Colin Shindler, History of Modern Israel, p. 50.

13   Benny Morris, 1948, pp. 89–149.

14   Lodewijk van Oord, Face-lifting Palestine: early Western accounts of the Palestinian refugee problem, History and Anthropology 22 (1), 2011, pp. 19–35.

15   Progress Report of the United Nations Mediator on Palestine, 16 September 1948.

16   Meron Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 151.

17   Anita Shapira, Hirbet Hizah: between remembering and forgetting, in Benny Morris (ed.), Making Israel, p. 96.

18   Bar-On, in Morris (ed.), Making Israel, p. 43.

19   Avi Plascov, Palestinian Refugees, p. 73.

20   Nafez Nazaal, The Palestinian Exodus from Galilee, p. 69; Mark Tessler, Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 282.

21   Gelber, Palestine, p. 267.

22   http://prrn.mcgill.ca/prrn/al-mawed.pdf.

23   Elias Nasrallah, Shahadat ala al-Qarn al-Filastini al-Awal, pp. 85–96.

24   Adel Manna, Nakba and survival, EUME Berliner Seminar, 9 November 2016.

25   Hillel Cohen, Good Arabs, p. 6.

26   Nadim N. Rouhana and Areej Sabbagh-Khoury (eds.), The Palestinians in Israel, p. 18.

27   Sarah Ozacky-Lazar, http://lib.cet.ac.il/pages/item.asp?item=13336.

28   Lustick, Arabs, p. 48.

29   Hannah Mermelstein, Overdue books: returning Palestine’s ‘Abandoned Property’ of 1948, Jerusalem Quarterly 47, Autumn 2011.

30   Saleh Abdel-Jawad, in Robert Rotberg (ed.), Israeli and Palestinian Narratives of Conflict, p. 90.

31   Sabri Jiryis, The Arabs in Israel, p. 121.

32   Gelber, Palestine, p. 291.

33   Segev, 1949, p. 67.

34   http://malam.cet.ac.il/ShowItem.aspx?ItemID=188f577d-0058-4e34-afa3-692e1cecc08e&lang=HEB.

35   http://zionism-israel.com/israel_news/2006/12/alexander-and-yiftah-zaid-end-of-legend.html.

36   Shira Robinson, Citizen Strangers, pp. 35–6.

37   Shammas, in Laurence J. Silberstein (ed.), New Perspectives on Israeli History, p. 218.

38   http://lib.cet.ac.il/pages/item.asp?item=13336.

39   Dan Rabinowitz and Khawla Abu-Baker, Coffins, pp. 51–2.

40   Moshe Shemesh, Palestinian society in the wake of the 1948 war: from social fragmentation to consolidation. Israel Studies, Spring 2004, pp. 86–100.

41   Abdel Bari Atwan, A Country of Words, p. 27.

42   Geoffrey Furlonge, Palestine is My Country, pp. 162–3.

43   Mamdouh Nofal et al., Reflections on al-Nakba, Journal of Palestine Studies 28 (1), 1998, pp. 5–35.

44   Adel H. Yahya, in Paul Scham et al., Shared Histories, p. 222.

45   Wishah, Palestinian voices, op. cit.

46   Plascov, Palestinian Refugees, p. 17.

47   Nofal et al., Reflections on al-Nakba.

48   Muhammad Hallaj, Recollections of the Nakba through a teenager’s eyes, Journal of Palestine Studies 38 (1), 2007–08.

49   Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 141.

50   Shlomo Sand, The Invention of the Land of Israel, p. 260.

51   Menachem Klein, Lives in Common, p. 172.

52   Sharon Rotbard, White City, Black City, p. 114.

53   Noga Kadman, Erased from Space, p. 18; Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, pp. 164–5.

54   Rebecca L. Torstrick, Limits of Coexistence, p. 175.

55   Walter Schwartz, The Arabs in Israel, p. 59.

56   Segev, 1949, pp. 88–9.

57   Michael Roman and Alex Weingrod, Living Together Separately, p. 12.

58   Lustick, Arabs, p. 84.

59   Adina Hoffman, My Happiness, p. 241.

60   http://sfonline.barnard.edu/jewish/panel4_05.htm.

61   Jo Roberts, Contested Land, pp. 162–3.

62   A. B. Yehoshua, Facing the Forests, 1970.

63   Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 8.

64   Nur Masalha, The Palestine Nakba, p. 117.

65   Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, pp. 271–306; entries in Zochrot, Hikayat Balad, Omrim Yayshna Aretz.

66   Charles S. Kamen, After the catastrophe II: the Arabs in Israel, 1948–51, Middle Eastern Studies 24 (1), 1988.

67   Rotbard, White City, p. 114.

68   Masalha, Palestine Nakba, pp. 88–119.

69   Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 14.

70   Segev, 1949, p. 70.

71   Tamari, Jerusalem 1948, pp. 110–11.

72   Pinkerfeld testimony, Zochrot, 23 December 2012.

73   Noah Lucas, Modern History, p. 274.

74   Yfaat Weiss, A Confiscated Memory, p. 49.

75   Roberts, Contested Land, p. 49.

76   Michael Fischbach, Records of Dispossession, p. 74.

77   Shlomit Shaked, Zochrot interview, 23 October 2012.

78   Tamari, Jerusalem 1948, p. 1.

79   Robinson, Citizen Strangers, p. 10.

80   Yoav Gelber, Israel’s policy towards its Arab minority, 1947–1950, Israel Affairs 19 (1), 2013, pp. 51–81.

81   Cohen, Good Arabs, p. 23.

82   Lucas, Modern History, p. 282.

83   Segev, 1949, p. 66.

84   Cohen, Good Arabs, p. 40.

85   Kais M. Firro, The conscription of the Druze into the Israeli Army, in Rouhana and Sabbagh-Khoury (eds.), The Palestinians in Israel, p. 60.

86   Segev, 1949, p. 66.

87   Gelber, Israel’s policy, op. cit.

88   Lustick, Arabs, p. 203.

89   Atallah Mansour, Waiting for the Dawn, p. 36.

90   Michael Gorkin, Days of Honey, Days of Onion, p. 127.

91   Arnon Yehuda Dagani, The decline and fall of the Israeli military government, 1948–1966: a case of settler-colonial consolidation? Settler Colonial Studies 5, 2015.

92   Lustick, Arabs, p. 203.

93   Weitz to Sharett in May 1949: Kamen, After the catastrophe II.

94   Observer, 19 June 1950.

95   Adel Manna, Nakba and Survival, p. 184.

96   Gelber, Israel’s policy, op. cit.

97   Morris, 1948, pp. 257–71.

98   Quoted in Honaida Ghanim, Once upon a border: the secret lives of resistance. The case of the Palestinian village of Al-Marja, 1949–1967, Biography 37 (2), 2014.

9. 1953–1958

  1   David Landau, Arik, pp. 25–7.

  2   Eyal Kafkafi, The ‘latent function’ of the Qibya Raid: David Ben-Gurion’s weapon against Pinchas Lavon, Israel Affairs 8 (3), 2002, pp. 118–33.

  3   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 191.

  4   The 1953 Qibya Raid revisited: excerpts from Moshe Sharett’s diaries, Journal of Palestine Studies 31 (4), 2002, pp. 77–98.

  5   Benny Morris, Israel’s Border Wars, pp. 135–7.

  6   Jacob Tovy, Israel and the Palestinian Refugee Issue, p. 181.

  7   Avi Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, pp. 69–74.

  8   http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/doomed-to-fight-1.360698.

  9   Uri Avnery, Gush Shalom, 12 April 2008.

10   Ian Black and Benny Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, p. 121.

11   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 82.

12   Salman Abu Sitta, Mapping My Return, p. 111.

13   Guy Laron, The domestic sources of Israel’s decision to launch the 1956 Sinai campaign, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 42 (2), 2015, pp. 200–218.

14   Black and Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, pp. 123–24.

15   Jean-Pierre Filiu, Gaza: A History, p. 93.

16   Nur Masalha, The 1956–57 occupation of the Gaza Strip: Israeli proposals to resettle the Palestinian refugees, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 23 (1), 1996, pp. 55–68.

17   Haaretz, 11 February 2010, http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/magazine/a-thin-black-line-1.263163.

18   Filiu, Gaza, pp. 96–9.

19   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 65.

20   Ian Lustick, Arabs in the Jewish State, p. 86.

21   Shira Robinson, Local struggle, national struggle: Palestinian responses to the Kafr Qasim massacre and its aftermath, 1956–66, International Journal of Middle East Studies 35 (3), 2003.

22   http://www.timesofisrael.com/rivlin-to-address-ceremony-marking-kfar-kassem-massacre/; Guardian, 6 November 2015.

23   Hillel Frisch, Israel’s Security and Its Arab Citizens, p. 20.

24   Lustick, Arabs, p. 67.

25   Walter Schwartz, The Arabs in Israel, p. 15.

26   Fawzi al-Asmar, Lihiyot Aravi be-Yisrael, p. 50.

27   Frisch, Israel’s Security, p. 26.

28   Adel Manna, The Palestinian Nakba and its continuous repercussions, Israel Studies 18 (2), 2013.

29   Sami Adwan et al., Zoom In. Remembrances, p. 162.

30   Adina Hoffman, My Happiness, p. 144.

31   Camilla Suleiman, Language and Identity, p. 17.

32   Yusif Sayigh, Arab Economist, Palestinian Patriot, p. 243.

33   Interview, Jerusalem Post, 13 July 1979.

34   Adel Manna, Nakba and Survival, p. 10.

35   Michel Warschawski, On the Border, p. 31.

36   Julie Peteet, Landscape of Hope and Despair, pp. 111–16.

37   Fawaz Turki, Soul in Exile, p. 18.

38   Robert Fisk, Pity the Nation, p. 19.

39   A. L. Tibawi, Visions of the return, Middle East Journal 17 (5), 1963.

40   Beshara Doumani, Palestine versus the Palestinians? The iron laws and ironies of a people denied, Journal of Palestine Studies 36 (4), 2006–07.

41   Mahmoud Yazbak, The Nakba and the Palestinian silence, in Adwan et al., Zoom In.

42   Isabelle Humphries, Listening to the displaced narrative: politics, power and grassroots communication amongst Palestinians inside Israel, Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 1, 2008, pp. 180–96.

43   Dina Matar, What it Means, p. 79.

44   Schwartz, Arabs in Israel, p. 88.

45   Geremy Forman, in Sandy Sufian and Mark LeVine (eds.), Reapproaching Borders, pp. 67–94.

46   Maha Nassar, The marginal as central: Al-Jadid and the development of a Palestinian public sphere, 1953–1970, Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 3, 2010, pp. 333–51.

47   Al-Asmar, Lihiyot Aravi be-Yisrael, p. 64.

48   Degani, Jamal Zahalka, http://jewssansfrontieres.blogspot.co.il/2010/04/jamal-zahalka-on-ashkenaz.html.

49   Nissim Rejwan, Outsider in the Promised Land, pp. 65–6.

50   Suleiman, Language and Identity, p. 16.

51   Gil Eyal, The Disenchantment of the Orient, p. 157.

52   Ahmad H. Sa’di, Stifling surveillance: Israel’s surveillance and control of the Palestinians during the military government era, Jerusalem Quarterly 68, Winter 2016.

53   Yonatan Mendel, The Creation of Israeli Arabic, pp. 59–83.

10. 1958–1967

  1   Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 25 April 1958.

  2   Walter Eytan, The First Ten Years, pp. 111–16.

  3   http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/multimedia/video/2008/wallace/eban_abba_t.html, 12 April 1958; Asaf Siniver, Abba Eban, pp. 171–2.

  4   Hillel Frisch, Israel’s Security, pp. 24–5.

  5   Aharon Shai, The fate of the abandoned Arab villages in Israel on the eve of the Six Days war and after (in Hebrew), Cathedra 105, September 2002.

  6   Shalom Shalom ve’ain Shalom, 1961, A. Yisraeli.

  7   Mustafa Abbas, The end of Arab Tiberias: the battle for the city in 1948, Journal of Palestine Studies 37 (3), 2008, pp. 6–29.

  8   http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/MFADocuments/Yearbook1/Pages/11%20Statement%20to%20the%20Special%20Political%20Committee%20of.aspx.

  9   Shay Hazkani, Haaretz, 16 May 2013.

10   Shira Robinson, Citizen Strangers, p. 180.

11   Dan Rabinowitz, Overlooking Nazareth, p. 29.

12   David A. Wesley, State Practices and Zionist Images, p. 29.

13   Ian Lustick, Arabs in the Jewish State, p. 123.

14   Adina Hoffman, My Happiness Bears No Relation to Happiness, p. 281.

15   Walter Schwartz, Arabs in Israel, p. 16.

16   Hillel Cohen, Good Arabs, p. 142.

17   Ilan Pappé, The Forgotten Palestinians, p. 83.

18   Sabri Jiryis, The Arabs in Israel, pp. 138–9; Tamir Sorek, Palestinian nationalism has left the field: a shortened history of Arab soccer in Israel, International Journal of Middle East Studies 35, 2003, pp. 417–37.

19   Nissim Rejwan, Outsider in the Promised Land, p. 213.

20   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 39.

21   Adel Manna, The Palestinian Nakba and its continuous repercussions, Israel Studies 18 (2), 2013, pp. 86–99.

22   Avi Plascov, The Palestinian Refugees, p. 29.

23   Fawaz Turki, Disinherited, p. 41.

24   Rejwan, Outsider, p. 22.

25   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, pp. 39–52.

26   Colin Shindler, History of Modern Israel, p. 52; UNRWA, 1956, supplement no. 14, p. 13.

27   http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/14/esau-49.pdf, declassified 2007.

28   Danny Rubinstein, The Mystery of Arafat, p. 41.

29   Abu Iyad and Eric Rouleau, My Home, My Land, p. 20; Helena Cobban, The Palestinian Liberation Organisation, pp. 21–2.

30   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 84.

31   Helga Baumgarten, The three faces/phases of Palestinian nationalism, 1948–2005, Journal of Palestine Studies 34 (4), 2005, pp. 25–48.

32   Erskine Childers, The other exodus, Spectator, 12 May 1961.

33   Ethel Mannin, The Road to Beersheba.

34   Sari Nusseibeh, Once Upon a Country, p. 67.

35   Efrat Ben-Zeev, Remembering Palestine, p. 91.

36   Arabic/English text in http://www.barghouti.com/poets/darwish/bitaqa.asp.

37   Edward Said, The Question of Palestine, p. 155.

38   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 88.

39   Andrew Gowers and Tony Walker, Behird the Myth, p. 45.

40   Ami Gluska, The Israeli Military, pp. 68–9.

41   Omri Shefer-Raviv, From enemies to lovers: the Israeli public debates about the use of force in the West Bank, 1965–1969, Cathedra 163, April 2017.

42   William Quandt et al., Politics of Palestinian Nationalism, p. 159.

43   Avi Shlaim, Iron Wall, p. 230.

44   Shaul Mishal, The PLO Under Arafat, p. 4.

45   Cobban, The Palestinian Liberation Organisation, p. 29.

46   Said Aburish, Arafat, p. 57.

47   Avi Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, p. 205; Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 97.

48   Shaul Mishal, West Bank, East Bank, pp. 111, 120.

49   http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/cove1.html.

50   Shafiq al-Hout, My Life in the PLO, p. 53.

51   Rafi Sutton and Yitzhak Shoshan, Anshei haSod veHester, pp. 306–7.

52   Aburish, Arafat, p. 62.

53   http://www.palestine-studies.org/resources/special-focus/martyrdom-context-palestinian-national-struggle-0.

54   Haaretz, 15 January 1965, cited in Gluska, Israeli Military, p. 283.

55   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 119.

56   Moshe Shemesh, Arab Politics, p. 94.

57   Cobban, The Palestinian Liberation Organisation, p. 34; http://blog.syracuse.com/opinion/2012/05/story_of_a_fathers_loss_of_hom.html.

58   Quandt et al., Politics of Palestinian Nationalism, p. 167.

59   Tom Segev, 1967, p. 147.

60   Ian Black and Benny Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, pp. 237–8.

61   Michael Oren, Six Days of War, p. 32.

62   Shlaim, Iron Wall, p. 234.

63   Moshe Shemesh, The IDF raid on Samu: the turning point in Jordan’s relations with Israel and the West Bank Palestinians, Israel Studies Spring 2002.

11. 1967

  1   Meron Benvenisti, Son of the Cypresses, p. 232.

  2   Avi Raz, The Bride and the Dowry, p. 7; Walter Laqueur, The Road to War, p. 295.

  3   Randolph S. Churchill and Winston S. Churchill, The Six Days War, p. 195.

  4   Guy Laron, The Six-Day War, pp. 107–17.

  5   Michael Oren, Six Days of War, pp. 171–210.

  6   Gershom Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 37.

  7   Edward Luttwak and Daniel Horowitz, The Israeli Army, p. 265.

  8   Oren, Six Days of War, pp. 294–304.

  9   Luttwak and Horowitz, Israeli Army, p. 213.

10   Laron, Six-Day War, p. 286.

11   Sadiq al-Azm, Self-Criticism after the Defeat.

12   Jonathan Cummings, Israel’s Public Diplomacy, p. 55.

13   Abdullah Schleifer, The Fall of Jerusalem, p. 194.

14   David Hirst, The Gun and the Olive Branch, pp. 209–11; Joseph L. Ryan, The myth of annihilation and the six-day war, https://world-view.carnegiecouncil.org/archive/worldview/1973/09/2214.html.

15   Churchill and Churchill, Six Days War, p. 239.

16   Tom Segev, 1967, p. 356.

17   Teddy Kollek, For Jerusalem, pp. 193–7.

18   Schleifer, Fall of Jerusalem, p. 205.

19   Shimon Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 107.

20   Haaretz, 31 December 1997.

21   Eitan Felner, B’Tselem, 1995.

22   Haaretz, 13 April 2017.

23   Michael Bar-Zohar, Yaakov Herzog, p. 299.

24   Menachem Klein, Lives in Common, p. 151.

25   Mark LeVine and Gershon Shafir (eds.), Struggle and Survival, p. 213.

26   http://www.sarahozacky.com/%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99-%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9A/.

27   Yaron Ezrahi, Rubber Bullets, p. 55.

28   Michel Warschawski, On the Border, p. 13.

29   http://972mag.com/radio-ramallah-the-cultural-bridge-that-was/80661/.

30   Klein, Lives in Common, p. 141

31   Laqueur, Road to War, pp. 296–7.

32   Davar, 12 June 1967.

33   Yael Dayan, Israel Journal: June, 1967, pp. 109–11.

34   Michael Gadish, Jewish-Israeli identity in Naomi Shemer’s songs: central values of the Jewish-Israeli imagined community, http://www.ugr.es/~estsemi/miscelanea/58/3.Gadish09.pdf.

35   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kubEFWFHbrA.

36   Laron, Six-Day War, p. 109.

37   Ian Lustick (ed.), Palestinians under Israeli Rule, p. 132.

38   Al-Haq, Where Villages Stood, Israel’s Continuing Violations of International Law in Occupied Latroun, 1967–2007, December 2007; Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 324.

39   Oren, Six Days of War, p. 307.

40   Meron Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 327.

41   Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 110. See p. 114.

42   http://1967.walla.co.il/?w=/2066/1099788/@@/item/printer.

43   http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jps-articles/UNRWA%20Remembers%201967.pdf.

44   Avi Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, p. 254; Samir Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, p. 171.

45   Peter Dodd and Halim Barakat, River Without Bridges, p. 40; Nur Masalha, A Land Without a People, p. 92; Nur Masalha, The Politics of Denial, p. 203.

46   Schleifer, Fall of Jerusalem, p. 207.

47   David Pryce-Jones, The Face of Defeat, p. 10.

48   Masalha, Politics of Denial, p. 203.

49   Mutawi, Jordan, p. 171.

50   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 230.

51   Haaretz, 15 March 2017.

52   Sari Nusseibeh, Once Upon a Country, p. 98.

53   Pryce-Jones, Face of Defeat, p. 20.

54   Shalom, Gatekeepers, p. 28.

55   Schleifer, Fall of Jerusalem, pp. 213–14.

56   Raz, Bride and the Dowry, pp. 81–3.

57   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 158.

58   Bassam Abu Sharif, Arafat, p. 14.

59   Segev, 1967, p. 146.

60   Danny Rubinstein, The Mystery of Arafat, p. 55.

61   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 226.

62   Musa Budeiri, Controlling the archive: captured Jordanian security files in the Israeli state archives, Jerusalem Quarterly 66, 2016.

63   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 162.

64   http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jps-articles/jps.2007.37.1.88.pdf.

65   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 162.

66   Shaul Mishal, The PLO Under Arafat, p. 9.

67   Moshe Dayan, Story of My Life, p. 405.

68   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 172.

69   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 234.

70   David Ronen, Shnat Shabak, p. 219.

71   Segev, 1967, p. 469.

72   Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, p. 262.

73   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 456.

74   Shlomo Gazit, Hagezer ve haMakel, pp. 178–9; B’Tselem, Collaborators in the Occupied Territories: Human Rights Abuses and Violations, January 1994, p. 11.

75   http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jps-articles/jps.2007.37.1.88.pdf.

76   Nusseibeh, Country, p. 97.

77   http://www.israeli-occupation.org/2013-05-07/musa-budeiri-always-with-the-oppressed-a-farewell-to-akiva-orr-1931-2013-humanist-radical-heretic/#sthash.TaTQITv2.dpu.

78   Atallah Mansour, Waiting for the Dawn, p. 115.

79   Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 62.

80   Danna Piroyansky, From island to archipelago: the Sakakini house in Qatamon and its shifting ownerships throughout the twentieth century, Middle Eastern Studies 48 (6), 2012, pp. 855–77.

81   Danny Rubinstein, The People of Nowhere, p. 62.

82   Jerusalem Post, 30 June 1967.

83   Amos Oz, In the Land of Israel, pp. 175–6.

84   http://mosaicmagazine.com/observation/2016/08/conversations-with-the-palestinians-of-1967-has-anything-changed/.

85   Ilan Pappé, Forgotten Palestinians, p. 112.

86   Dan Rabinowitz and Khawla Abu-Baker, Coffins, p. 75.

87   Raja Shehadeh, Language of War, p. 21.

88   Mansour, Waiting for Dawn, p. 114.

89   Rafik Halabi, The West Bank Story, p. 55.

90   http://www.israeli-occupation.org/2013-05-07/musa-budeiri-always-with-the-oppressed-a-farewell-to-akiva-orr-1931-2013-humanist-radical-heretic/#sthash.TaTQITv2.dpuf.

91   Rubinstein, People of Nowhere, p. 62.

92   Mamdouh Nofal et al., Reflections on Al-Nakba, Journal of Palestine Studies 28 (1), 1998, pp. 5–35.

93   http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft4489n8s2&chunk.id=ch11&toc.depth=100&toc.id=ch11&brand=ucpress;query=1967#1.

94   Dina Matar, What it Means, p. 143.

95   http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/features/arab-town-both-israeli-and-palestinian-divided-by-shopping-1.410313.

96   Riyadh Kamel Kabha, Shtay Gadot leWadi, p. 55.

97   Assaf Peled, Descending the Khazooq: ‘working through’ the trauma of the Nakba in Emile Habibi’s oeuvre, Israel Studies 21 (1), 2016, pp. 157–82.

98   Pappé, Forgotten Palestinians, pp. 113–14.

99   Shehadeh, Language of War, p. 21.

100    Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 39.

101    Baruch Kimmerling and Joel Migdal, The Palestinian People, p. 342.

102    Rael Jean Isaac, Israel Divided, p. 12.

103    Nissim Rejwan, Outsider in the Promised Land, p. 55.

104    Amos Elon, A Blood-Dimmed Tide, p. 31.

105    Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 86.

106    Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 43.

107    Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 41.

108    Ami Gluska, The Israeli Military, p. 258.

109    Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 51.

110    Anita Shapira, Yigal Allon, pp. 312–16.

111    Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 23.

112    Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall, pp. 262–4.

113    Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 125.

114    http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jps-articles/jps.2007.37.1.88.pdf.

115    Shabtai Teveth, The Cursed Blessing.

116    Reuven Pedatzur, Nitzahon haMevucha.

117    Benvenisti, Son of the Cypresses, p. 232.

118    Yeshayahu Leibowitz, Judaism, Human Values, pp. 225–6.

119    Haaretz, 21 July 1967.

120    Haaretz, 22 September 1967.

121    Nissim Rejwan, Israel’s Years of Bogus Grandeur, p. xx.

122    http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/26/world/disillusioned-by-war-israeli-soldiers-muted-in-1967-are-given-fuller-voice.html.

123    Matti Steinberg, Omdim Legoralam, p. 9.

124    Amos Oz, My Michael, p. 84; Jacqueline Rose http://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/may/10.

12. 1968–1972

  1   Teddy Kollek, For Jerusalem, p. 223.

  2   Eyal Weizman, Hollow Land, p. 25.

  3   Kollek, For Jerusalem, p. 240.

  4   Sari Nusseibeh, Once Upon a Country, p. 172.

  5   PASSIA, 100 Years.

  6   Gershom Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 101.

  7   Avi Raz, The Bride and the Dowry, pp. 137–8; Shafiq al-Hout, My Life in the PLO, pp. 61–2.

  8   Idith Zertal and Akiva Eldar, Lords of the Land, p. 15.

  9   Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 117.

10   http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-1.733746?=&ts=_1470142185577.

11   Gershom Gorenberg, The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements.

12   Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 267.

13   Meron Benvenisti, Sacred Landscape, p. 250.

14   Ian Black and Benny Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, p. 255.

15   Yaakov Peri, HaBa leHorgekha, pp. 47–53.

16   Abu Iyad and Eric Rouleau, My Home, My Land, p. 56.

17   Daniel Byman, A High Price, p. 40.

18   Raz, Bride and the Dowry, p. 224.

19   Said Aburish, Arafat, p. 83.

20   Andrew Gowers and Tony Walker, Behind the Myth, pp. 76–8.

21   Atallah Mansour, Waiting for the Dawn, p. 109.

22   Muhammad Muslih, Towards coexistence: an analysis of the resolutions of the Palestine National Council, Journal of Palestine Studies 19 (4), 1990, pp. 3–29.

23   Time, 13 December 1968.

24   Free Palestine, August 1969, quoted in Walter Laqueur (ed.), Israel – Arab Reader, pp. 445–51.

25   Neve Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 77.

26   Leila Farsakh, Palestinian Labour Migration, p. 209.

27   Joel Migdal (ed.), Palestinian Society and Politics, p. 195.

28   Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 66.

29   Aziz Shehadeh, New Middle East 35, August 1971.

30   George Bisharat, Palestinian Lawyers and Israeli Rule, p. 5.

31   Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 91.

32   Mansour, Waiting for Dawn, p. 117.

33   Migdal (ed.), Palestinian Society, p. 197.

34   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 269.

35   New Statesman, 19 January 1979.

36   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 287.

37   Weizman, Hollow Land, p. 70.

38   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 247.

39   Ariel Sharon and David Chanoff, Warrior, p. 257.

40   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 287.

41   Sharon and Chanoff, Warrior, pp. 248–58.

42   Jean-Pierre Filiu, Gaza: A History, p. 14.

43   Haaretz, 9 October 2002.

44   Geoffrey Aronson, Israel, Palestinians, and the Intifada, p. 25.

45   Jerusalem Post, 13 June 1973.

46   David Pryce-Jones, Face of Defeat, p. 115.

47   Uzi Benziman, Sharon, pp. 117–18.

48   Farsakh, Palestinian Labour, p. 209.

49   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 240.

50   Gowers and Walker, Behind the Myth, pp. 92–116.

51   Shaul Mishal, The PLO Under Arafat, p. 15.

52   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 245.

53   Avi Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, p. 335.

54   Black and Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, p. 258.

55   Nigel Ashton, King Hussein of Jordan, p. 157.

56   Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, p. 348.

57   Al-Hout, My Life, p. 103.

58   Leila Khaled, My People Shall Live, p. 21.

59   Hisham Sharabi, Palestine Guerrillas, pp. 31–2.

60   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 307.

61   Black and Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, p. 258.

62   Byman, A High Price, p. 45.

63   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 309.

64   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 259.

65   David Gilmour, Dispossessed, pp. 159–60.

66   Kabha, Palestinian People, p. 260.

67   Shooting the Witness: The Cartoons of Naji al-Ali, London, 2008.

68   Salim Tamari, Normalcy and violence, the yearning for the ordinary in discourse of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Journal of Palestine Studies 42 (4), 2013, pp. 48–60.

69   Maariv, 13 June 1967.

70   Sunday Times, 15 June 1969.

71   Maariv, 9 September 1972.

72   Yaron Ezrahi, Rubber Bullets, p. 218.

73   Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 132.

13. 1973–1977

  1   Abraham Rabinovich, The Yom Kippur War, pp. 65–107.

  2   Asaf Siniver (ed.), The October 1973 War, pp. 1–11.

  3   Said Aburish, Children of Bethany, p. 223.

  4   Shaul Mishal, The PLO Under Arafat, pp. 16–17; Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 148.

  5   Dan Schueftan, The Palestinian component in the Arab–Israeli conflict, in Alouph Hareven and Yehiam Padan (eds.), Bayn Milhama le-Hesderim, p. 83.

  6   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 332.

  7   Muhammad Muslih, Towards coexistence: an analysis of the resolutions of the Palestine National Council, Journal of Palestine Studies 19 (4), 1990, pp. 3–29.

  8   Mishal, PLO Under Arafat, p. 115.

  9   Mark Tessler, History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 483; Nissim Rejwan, Outsider in the Promised Land, p. 141.

10   Haaretz, 2 November 1973.

11   Maariv, 23 November 1973.

12   Haaretz, 7 December 1973.

13   Ian Black and Benny Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, p. 345.

14   Weldon C. Matthews, The rise and demise of the left in West Bank politics: the case of the Palestine National Front, Arab Studies Quarterly Fall 1998.

15   Andrew Gowers and Tony Walker, Behind the Myth, p. 210.

16   Amos Oz, In the Land of Israel, p. 167.

17   Ilan Pappé, Forgotten Palestinians, p. 115.

18   Hillel Frisch, The PLO and the Arabs in Israel 1967–93: politicization or radicalization? Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 2 (3), 1996, pp. 446–64.

19   Riyadh Kamel Kabha, Shtay Gadot leWadi, pp. 82–6.

20   Pappé, Forgotten Palestinians, p. 131.

21   Shuli Dichter, Mibaad Lekavanot Hatovot, p. 94.

22   Ian Lustick, Arabs in the Jewish State, p. 256.

23   Salim Tamari, Mountain Against the Sea, p. 58.

24   Tamir Sorek, Palestinian Commemoration in Israel, p. 92.

25   Amos Elon, The Israelis, p. 12.

26   Eric Silver, Begin, p. 156.

27   Gershom Gorenberg, Occupied Territories, p. 295.

28   David Landau, Arik, p. 290.

29   Leila Farsakh, Palestinian Labour Migration, p. 50.

30   Geoffrey Aronson, Israel, Palestinians, and the Intifada, p. 70.

31   Aronson, Israel, p. 61.

32   Idith Zertal and Akiva Eldar, Lords of the Land, p. 205.

33   Eyal Weizman, Hollow Land, pp. 81–4.

34   David Shipler, Arab and Jew, p. 146.

35   nrg.il, 12 April 2011.

36   Raja Shehadeh, Negotiating self-government arrangements, Journal of Palestine Studies 21 (4), 1992, pp. 22–31.

37   Meron Benvenisti, The West Bank Data Base Project, 1986 Report, p. 46.

38   Meir Merhav, Time magazine, March 1980.

39   Tessler, History, pp. 520–23.

40   Salim Tamari, Building other people’s homes: the Palestinian peasant’s household and work in Israel, Journal of Palestine Studies 11, 10th Anniversary Issue: Palestinians under Occupation, 1981, pp. 31–66.

41   Juval Portugali, Implicate Relations, p. 2.

14. 1977–1981

  1   Anwar Sadat in Knesset speech, November 1977.

  2   http://www.archives.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/AA5AB7B2-013B-40B7-9434-99B6C60C7C75/0/Egypt34.pdf.

  3   Yitzhak Shamir, Summing Up, p. 101.

  4   Andrew Gowers and Tony Walker, Behind the Myth, p. 229.

  5   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, pp. 424–5.

  6   Said Aburish, Arafat, p. 160.

  7   Steven Spiegel, The Other Arab-Israeli Conflict, p. 344.

  8   Eric Silver, Begin, p. 180.

  9   David Landau, Arik, pp. 155–7.

10   Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall, p. 368.

11   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 426.

12   David Hirst, Beware of Small States, p. 118.

13   Silver, Begin, p. 191.

14   Mohamed Heikal, Secret Channels, p. 274.

15   A. D. Miller, The Much Too Promised Land, p. 176.

16   Mark Tessler, History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 514.

17   Silver, Begin, p. 203.

18   Jerusalem Post, 20 April 1979.

19   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 479.

20   Dror Moreh, Shomrei haSaf, p. 29.

21   Landau, Arik, p. 280.

22   New Statesman, 1 December 1978.

23   Open Letter to the Prime Minister of Israel, Peace Now, March 1978.

24   Hagai Segal, Dear Brothers, p. 97.

25   Nahum Barnea, Davar, 9 May 1980. Quoted in Nahum Barnea, Yorim ve Bochim, p. 270.

26   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 502.

27   Yehuda Litani, Haaretz, 30 November 1981.

28   Shaul Mishal, Speaking Stones, pp. 18–19.

29   Salim Tamari, In league with Zion: Israel’s search for a native pillar, Journal of Palestine Studies 12 (4), 1983, pp. 41–56.

30   Hillel Cohen, Society–military relations in a state-in-the-making: Palestinian security agencies and the ‘treason discourse’ in the second intifada, Armed Forces & Society 38 (3), 2012, pp. 463–85.

31   Helena Cobban, The Palestinian Liberation Organisation, p. 118.

32   Raja Shehadeh, The Third Way, pp. 6–7.

33   Jerusalem Post, 4 May 1979.

34   Sunday Times, 19 June 1977.

35   Said Aburish, Children of Bethany, p. 220.

36   Michel Warschawski, On the Border, pp. 70–71.

37   George Bisharat, Palestinian Lawyers and Israeli Rule, p. 93.

38   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 169.

39   Cobban, The Palestinian Liberation Organisation, p. 116.

40   Idith Zertal and Akiva Eldar, Lords of the Land, p. 71.

41   Shamir, Summing Up, p. 131.

15. 1982–1987

  1   Ze’ev Schiff and Ehud Yaari, Israel’s Lebanon War, p. 43.

  2   Haaretz, 22 February 2009.

  3   Yoel Marcus, Haaretz, 26 March 1982.

  4   Geoffrey Aronson, Israel, Palestinians, and the Intifada, p. 305.

  5   Reuven Kaminer, The Politics of Protest, p. 36.

  6   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, pp. 508–9.

  7   Guardian, 7 March 1983.

  8   Eric Silver, Begin, p. 223.

  9   Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 179.

10   Meir Pa’il, New Outlook, August–September 1982, http://www.slide-share.net/meirpail/ss-4109965.

11   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 170.

12   Hirsh Goodman, Let Me Create a Paradise, pp. 213–14; Robert Fisk, Pity the Nation.

13   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 170.

14   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 173.

15   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 545.

16   Aronson, Israel, p. 306.

17   http://www.cfr.org/israel/reagan-plan-us-policy-peace-middle-east/p14140.

18   Schiff and Yaari, Israel’s Lebanon War, p. 233.

19   http://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/03/world/israel-rejects-reagan-plan-for-palestinians-self-rule-terms-it-serious-danger.html?pagewanted=all.

20   Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 181.

21   Shaul Mishal, Speaking Stones, p. 19.

22   Salim Tamari, In league with Zion: Israel’s search for a native pillar, Journal of Palestine Studies 12 (4), 1983, pp. 41–56.

23   Guardian, 9 August 1985.

24   Yitzhak Shamir, Summing Up, p. 165.

25   David Shipler, Arab and Jew, pp. 130–34.

26   Aronson, Israel, p. 312.

27   Shamir, Summing Up, p. 149.

28   Washington Post, 24 April 1984; Yehuda Litani, Kol Hair.

29   Salim Tamari, What the uprising means, in Zachary Lockman and Joel Beinin (eds.), Intifada, p. 131.

30   Baruch Kimmerling and Joel Migdal, The Palestinian People, p. 290.

31   UN statement, 5 December 1986.

32   Guardian, 21 May 1985.

33   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 608.

34   F. Robert Hunter, The Palestinian Uprising, p. 26.

35   Law in the Service of Man, Torture and Intimidation in the West Bank: The Case of Al-Fara’a Prison, April 1984.

36   Guardian, 28 May 1987.

37   Laetitia Bucaille, Growing up Palestinian, p. 338.

38   Sahar Khalifeh, Wild Thorns, p. 49.

39   Michel Warschawski, On the Border, p. 69.

40   Samer Al-Saber, Permission to Perform: Palestinian Theatre in Jerusalem (1967–1993), University of Washington, 2013.

41   J. M. Winter, New life on the West Bank, London Review of Books, 7 January 1988.

42   Yoram Binur, My Enemy, My Self, p. 197.

43   Sara Roy, http://ialiis.birzeit.edu/fmru/userfiles/Gaza-Palestine-Out-of-the-Margins.pdf.

44   Guardian, 9 May 1985.

45   Guardian, 23 April 1985.

46   http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/robert-fisk-how-achillelauro-hijackers-were-seduced-by-high-life-8604519.html.

47   Andrew Gowers and Tony Walker, Behind the Myth, p. 330.

48   Avi Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, pp. 427–33.

49   Guardian, 23 November 1985.

50   Guardian, 4 March 1986.

51   Haaretz, 8 December 1986.

52   Guardian, 26 May 1987.

53   Julie Peteet, Male gender and rituals of resistance in the Palestinian ‘intifada’: a cultural politics of violence, American Ethnologist 21 (1), 1994, pp. 31–49.

54   Guardian, 26 May 1987.

55   Nahum Barnea, Yorim ve Bochim; Warschawski, Border, p. 135.

16. 1987

  1   Guardian, 18 January 1989.

  2   Judea, Samaria and the Gaza District, pp. 6–7.

  3   New York Review of Books, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1988/jun/02/understanding-the-uprising/0.

  4   Geoffrey Aronson, Israel, Palestinians, and the Intifada, p. 322.

  5   F. Robert Hunter, The Palestinian Uprising, p. 37.

  6   Aryeh Shalev, The Intifada: Causes and Effects, p. 19.

  7   Mustafa Kabha, The Palestinian People, p. 316.

  8   Salim Tamari, The Palestinian movement in transition: historical reversals and the uprising, Journal of Palestine Studies 20 (2), 1990–1991.

  9   Don Peretz, Intifada: Palestinian Uprising, p. 37.

10   Shalev, Intifada: Causes and Effects, p. 33.

11   Muhammad Muslih, Towards coexistence: an analysis of the resolutions of the Palestine National Council, Journal of Palestine Studies 19 1990, pp. 3–29.

12   Amira Hass, Drinking the Sea at Gaza, p. 48.

13   Peretz, Intifada, p. 39.

14   Shalev, Intifada: Causes and Effects, p. 13.

15   Andrew Gowers and Tony Walker, Behind the Myth, pp. 356–8.

16   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 614.

17   David Landau, Arik, pp. 240–41.

18   Hunter, Palestinian Uprising, p. 59.

19   Guardian, 19 December 1987.

20   Peretz, Intifada, p. 92; Shaul Mishal, Speaking Stones.

21   Mishal, Speaking Stones, pp. 148, 172.

22   Guardian, 12 February 1988.

23   Ze’ev Schiff and Ehud Yaari, Intifada, p. 171.

24   Guardian, 8 January 1988.

25   Guardian, 26 January 1988.

26   Peretz, Intifada, p. 86.

27   Anton Shammas, New York Review of Books, 31 March 1988.

28   Said Aburish, Arafat, p. 206.

29   Guardian, 30 January 1988; Kirsten Nakjavani Bookmiller and Robert J. Bookmiller, Palestinian radio and the intifada, Journal of Palestine Studies 19 (4), 1990, pp. 96–105.

30   Ted Swedenburg, Memories of Revolt, p. 173.

31   Swedenburg, Memories of Revolt, p. 172.

32   Zachary Lockman and Joel Beinin (eds.), Intifada, p. 35.

33   Ori Nir, Ketem shel Anana Kala, p. 97.

34   Mishal, Speaking Stones, p. 88.

35   Guardian, 26 January 1988.

36   Mishal, Speaking Stones, p. 133.

37   Guardian, 25 February 1988.

38   Guardian, 2 March 1988.

39   Mishal, Speaking Stones, p. 127.

40   Riyadh Kamel Kabha, Shtay Gadot leWadi, pp. 60–61.

41   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 630.

42   Schiff and Yaari, Intifada, p. 228.

43   Aburish, Arafat, p. 203.

44   Ian Black and Benny Morris, Israel’s Secret Wars, pp. 468–72.

45   Schiff and Yaari, Intifada, p. 164.

46   http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-admits-to-top-secret-operation-that-killed-top-fatah-commander-abu-jihad-in-1988/.

47   Aburish, Arafat, p. 208.

48   http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/11/qa-middle-east-powerful-army-chasing-18cows–151111094846819.html.

49   Guardian, 3 June 1988, 10 June 1988.

50   Nigel Ashton, King Hussein of Jordan, p. 250.

51   Gowers and Walker, Behind the Myth, pp. 381–91.

52   Bassam Abu Sharif, Arafat and the Dream of Palestine, pp. 163–8.

53   Guardian, 31 October 1988.

54   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 623.

55   Shafiq al-Hout, My Life in the PLO, p. 232.

56   Guardian, 16 November 1988.

57   Guardian, 13 December 1988.

58   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 624.

59   Al-Hout, My Life, p. 240.

60   Aburish, Arafat, p. 215.

61   Guardian, 14 December 1988.

62   Guardian, 25 January 1989.

63   Beverley Milton-Edwards and Stephen Farrell, Hamas, p. 10.

64   Guardian, 8 September 1988.

65   Jeroen Gunning, Hamas in Politics, pp. 33–4.

66   Guardian, 3 June 1986.

67   Milton-Edwards and Farrell, Hamas, pp. 42–51.

68   Schiff and Yaari, Intifada, p. 224.

69   Guardian, 26 October 1987.

70   Mouin Rabbani, Khalid Mishal: the making of a Palestinian Islamic leader, Journal of Palestine Studies 37 (3), 2007–2008.

71   Mishal, Speaking Stones, p. 202.

72   Mishal, Speaking Stones, p. 206.

73   http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/hamas.asp.

74   Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 631.

75   Guardian, 8 September 1988.

17. 1988–1990

  1   Yehuda Amichai, Memorial Day for the War Dead.

  2   Guardian, 20 January 1989.

  3   Dennis Ross, The Missing Peace, p. 55.

  4   Guardian, 17, 21 March 1989.

  5   Don Peretz, Intifada: Palestinian Uprising, p. 99.

  6   Guardian, 19 May 1989.

  7   Guardian, 21–22 June 1989.

  8   Guardian, 5, 6, 7 June 1989.

  9   Arthur Neslen, In Your Eyes a Sandstorm, pp. 207–12.

10   Cate Malek and Mateo Hoke (eds.), Palestine Speaks, p. 165.

11   Guardian, 1 November 1989.

12   Guardian, 29 September 1989.

13   Guardian, 28 June 1990, 15 July 1989.

14   Jerusalem Post, 3 July 1992.

15   Neve Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 158.

16   B’Tselem, Violation of Human Rights in the Occupied Territories, 1990–1991, p. 12.

17   Peretz, Intifada, p. 151.

18   Guardian, 8 December 1989.

19   Zachary Lockman and Joel Beinin (eds.), Intifada, pp. 232–45.

20   Hillel Cohen, Palestinian armed struggle, Israel’s peace camp, and the unique case of Fatah Jerusalem, Israel Studies 18 (1), 2013, pp. 101–23.

21   Guardian, 25 May 1988.

22   Guardian, 5 February 1990.

23   Peretz, Intifada, p. 159.

24   Michel Warschawski, On the Border, p. 128.

25   New Left Review 32, March–April 2005.

26   Sari Nusseibeh, What is a Palestinian State Worth? p. 205.

27   Yitzhak Shamir, Summing Up, pp. 180–82.

18. 1990–1991

  1   Raja Shehadeh, The Sealed Room, p. 54.

  2   Yitzhak Shamir, Summing Up, p. 207.

  3   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 639.

  4   Guardian, 26 May 1990.

  5   Guardian, 23 May 1990.

  6   Guardian, 21 August 1990.

  7   Amos Elon, A Blood-Dimmed Tide, p. 213.

  8   Guardian, 30 August 1990.

  9   Elon, Blood-Dimmed Tide, p. 192.

10   Guardian, 9, 10, 11, 12 October 1990.

11   Guardian, 27 October 1990.

12   Guardian, 3 November 1990.

13   Guardian, 12 October 1990.

14   Shehadeh, Sealed Room, p. 30.

15   Guardian, 8 December 1990.

16   Avi Shlaim, Lion of Jordan, pp. 497–501.

17   Davar, 30 January 1991.

18   Guardian, 23 January 1991.

19   Sari Nusseibeh, Once Upon a Country, pp. 321–5.

20   The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs 12 (4), 31 December 1993.

21   http://www.btselem.org/freedom_of_movement/closure.

22   Shehadeh, Sealed Room, p. 121.

23   Guardian, 16 February 1991.

24   Guardian, 11 March 1991.

25   Nusseibeh, Country, p. 339.

26   Shimon Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 316.

27   Said Aburish, Arafat, pp. 235–6.

28   Eytan Bentsur, Making Peace, p. 115.

29   Guardian, 16–17 April 1991.

30   George Bush and Brent Scowcroft, A World Transformed, p. 548.

31   A. D. Miller, The Much Too Promised Land, p. 229.

32   Bassam Abu Sharif, Arafat and the Dream of Palestine, pp. 221–3.

33   Yair Hirschfeld, Track-Two Diplomacy, p. 98.

34   Bentsur, Making Peace, p. 121.

35   Shamir, Summing Up, p. 241.

36   Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 199.

37   Bentsur, Making Peace, p. 121.

38   Meron Benvenisti, Intimate Enemies, p. 153.

39   Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 317.

19. 1992–1994

  1   A. D. Miller, The Much Too Promised Land, p. 232.

  2   Guardian, 27 March 1992.

  3   Mamdouh Nofal, Yasir Arafat, the political player: a mixed legacy, Journal of Palestine Studies 35 (2), 2006, pp. 23–37.

  4   Ofira Seliktar, Doomed to Failure, p. 45.

  5   Guardian, 21 January 1992.

  6   Jerusalem Post, 4 May 1992.

  7   Guardian, 27 June 1992.

  8   Idith Zertal and Akiva Eldar, Lords of the Land, p. 135.

  9   Guardian, 28 August 1992.

10   Guardian, 27 August 1992.

11   Sari Nusseibeh, Once Upon a Country, p. 359.

12   Guardian, 1 August 1992.

13   Guardian, 9 July 1992.

14   Shafiq al-Hout, My Life in the PLO, pp. 267–8.

15   Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle, p. 652.

16   Shimon Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 351.

17   Peres, Battling for Peace, p. 329.

18   http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-1.701386.

19   Independent, 4 November 1993; Said Aburish, Arafat, p. 261.

20   Yediot Aharonot, 11 March 2013.

21   http://www.btselem.org/freedom_of_movement/closure.

22   Maariv, 10 March 1993.

23   Meron Benvenisti, Intimate Enemies, p. 180.

24   Haaretz, 11 June 1993.

25   Haaretz, 18 September 1998.

26   Yossi Beilin, Touching Peace, p. 90.

27   Ahmed Qurei, From Oslo to Jerusalem, p. 258.

28   Guardian, 30 August 1994.

29   Beilin, Touching Peace, p. 127.

30   Al-Hout, My Life, pp. 272–7; Mohamed Heikal, Secret Channels, p. 462.

31   Nusseibeh, Country, pp. 374–5.

32   Uri Savir, The Process, pp. 74–5.

33   Neve Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 170.

34   Baruch Kimmerling and Joel Migdal, The Palestinian People, pp. 358–9.

35   Guardian, 10 September 1993.

36   Guardian, 12 November 1993.

37   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 266.

38   Abba Eban, Guardian, 10 September 1993.

39   Yitzhak Shamir, Summing Up, p. 260.

40   Benvenisti, Intimate Enemies, p. 206.

41   PASSIA, 100 Years, p. 263.

42   Mark Tessler, History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 76.

43   Aburish, Arafat, p. 256.

44   Hanan Ashrawi, This Side of Peace, p. 261.

45   London Review of Books 15 (20), 21 October 1993.

46   Seliktar, Doomed to Failure, p. 80.

47   Savir, The Process, p. 102.

48   Yaakov Peri, HaBa leHorgekha, pp. 257–9.

49   George Giacaman and Dag Jorund Lonning (eds.), After Oslo, p. 154.

50   David Shulman, Dark Hope, p. 6.

51   Amos Elon, Blood-Dimmed Tide, p. 267.

52   Amira Hass, Drinking the Sea at Gaza, p. 114.

53   Aburish, Arafat, p. 274.

54   Heikal, Secret Channels, p. 517; Jerusalem Post, 2 March 2014.

55   Guardian, 25 June 1994.

56   New York Times, 2 July 1994.

57   Graham Usher, Palestine in Crisis, p. 1.

58   http://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/14/world/israel-bars-palestinian-officials-from-gaza.html.

59   Benvenisti, Intimate Enemies, p. 225.

60   Nofal, Yasir Arafat.

61   20 Years Since Oslo: Palestinian Perspectives, p. 26.

62   Khalil Shikaki, The peace process, national reconstruction, and the transition to democracy in Palestine, Journal of Palestine Studies 25 (2), 1996, pp. 5–20.

63   Guardian, 21 November 1994.

20. 1995–1999

  1   Nahum Barnea, quoted in Guardian, 9 September 1997.

  2   Yuval Rabin interview, 16 June 2016.

  3   Ahmed Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 4.

  4   20 Years Since Oslo: Palestinian Perspectives, p. 27.

  5   Uri Savir, The Process, p. 261.

  6   David Horovitz, A Little Too Close to God, p. 19.

  7   Dan Ephron, Killing a King, p. 182.

  8   Guardian, 10 April 1995.

  9   Guardian, 26 July 1995.

10   http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/peace/guide/pages/the%20Israeli-Palestinian%20interim%20agreement%20-%20annex%20i.aspx#article8.

11   Neve Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 177.

12   Khalil Shikaki, The peace process, national reconstruction, and the transition to democracy in Palestine, Journal of Palestine Studies 25 (2), 1996, pp. 5–20.

13   Sari Nusseibeh, Once Upon a Country, p. 395.

14   Idith Zertal and Akiva Eldar, Lords of the Land, p. 151.

15   Guardian, 11 October 1995.

16   Mourid Barghouti, I Saw Ramallah, p. 48.

17   Nabil Qassis, interview in 20 Years Since Oslo.

18   Nusseibeh, Country, p. 392.

19   Menachem Klein, in Palestine-Israel Journal 14 (4), 2007: http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=1140.

20   Yossi Beilin, Touching Peace, p. 113.

21   Glenn Robinson, Building a Palestinian State, p. 181.

22   Said Aburish, Arafat, pp. 279–80.

23   Danny Rubinstein, The Mystery of Arafat, p. 126.

24   William B. Quandt, The urge for democracy, Foreign Affairs 73 (4), 1994, pp. 2–7.

25   Mamdouh Nofal, Yasir Arafat, the political player: a mixed legacy, Journal of Palestine Studies 35 (2), 2006, pp. 23–37.

26   Inge Amundsen and Basem Ezbidi, Clientelist politics: state formation and corruption in Palestine 1994–2000, Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI Report R2002:17), 2002, p. 15.

27   Guardian, 12 November 1993.

28   Nusseibeh, Country, p. 376.

29   Yaakov Perry, HaBa leHorgekha, p. 261.

30   Maya Rosenfeld, Confronting the Occupation, p. 191.

31   Mustafa Barghouti interview, New Left Review 32, March–April 2005.

32   Tamara Cofman Wittes (ed.), How Israelis and Palestinians Negotiate, p.51.

33   Shikaki, The peace process.

34   Guardian, 6 January 1996.

35   Aburish, Arafat, p. 295.

36   Jimmy Carter, The Palestine Peace not Apartheid, p. 146.

37   Nigel Parsons, Politics of the Palestinian Authority, p. 39; Ian Black, Fig leaf democracy, Prospect, 20 February 1996.

38   Dror Moreh, Shomrei haSaf, pp. 177–8.

39   Guardian, 5 March 1996.

40   Beverley Milton-Edwards and Stephen Farrell, Hamas, p. 219.

41   Guardian, 2 April 1996.

42   As’ad Ghanem, The Palestinian Regime, p. 126.

43   Haaretz, 17 August 2003.

44   Peter Weinberger, Co-opting the PLO, p. 137.

45   http://972mag.com/blame-peres-not-bennett-for-the-qana-massacre/101046/.

46   http://www.dayan.org/kap/images/stories/%20%20%205.pdf.

47   Savir, The Process, p. 308.

48   In a ruined country: how Yasir Arafat destroyed Palestine, Atlantic magazine, September 2005; Nofal, Yasir Arafat.

49   George Giacaman and Dag Jorund Lonning (eds.), After Oslo, pp. 212–26.

50   Guardian, 18 January 1997.

51   Robert Serry, Endless Quest, p. 59.

52   Guardian, 24 January 1997.

53   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 21.

54   Graham Usher, Dispatches from Palestine, p. 138.

55   Nusseibeh, Country, p. 421.

56   Nahum Barnea, quoted in Guardian, 9 September 1997.

57   Paul McGeough, Kill Khalid, p. 126.

58   In a ruined country, Atlantic magazine, September 2005.

59   Ofira Seliktar, Doomed to Failure, p. 85.

60   Moreh, Shomrei haSaf, p. 223.

61   Brynjar Lia, Building Arafat’s Police, pp. 297–8.

62   IISS, The Military Balance, 1998–1999, pp. 138–9.

63   Guardian, 21 April 1997.

64   Ghassan Khatib, Palestinian Politics, pp. 150–51.

65   Giacaman and Lonning (eds.), After Oslo, p. 221.

66   Lia, Arafat’s Police, p. 347.

67   http://www.meforum.org/287/bio-sketch-faruq-qaddumi-the-plos-2.

68   Baruch Kimmerling and Joel Migdal, The Palestinian People, p. 367.

69   https://electronicintifada.net/content/cement-and-corruption/5123.

70   Guardian, 21 April 1997.

71   Cheryl Rubenberg, The Palestinians, p. 263.

72   Meirav Aharon-Gutman, ‘The day the sun rises in the west’ – ethnography of a peace process, International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society March 2009.

73   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 67.

74   David Landau, Arik, p. 310.

75   Ghanem, The Palestinian Regime, p. ix.

76   Patrick Tyler, Fortress Israel, pp. 408–9.

77   A. D. Miller, The Much Too Promised Land, p. 310.

78   Jean-Pierre Filiu, Gaza: A History, p. 245.

21. 1999–2000

  1   Akram Hanieh, The Camp David papers, Journal of Palestine Studies 30 (2), 2001, pp. 75–97.

  2   Chapter 9, p. 152.

  3   Darawsha, in Sarah Ozacky-Lazar and Yoav Stern (eds.), Bnei Hamakom, p. 84.

  4   Gilad Sher, Bemerhak Negia, p. 24.

  5   Ahmed Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 98.

  6   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 90.

  7   A. D. Miller, The Much Too Promised Land, p. 284.

  8   Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, pp. 241–4.

  9   Sher, Bemerhak Negia, p. 65.

10   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 114.

11   Yair Hirschfeld, Track-Two Diplomacy, p. 238.

12   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 152.

13   Hanieh, Camp David papers.

14   Jeremy Pressman, Visions in collision: what happened at Camp David and Taba? International Security 28 (2), 2003, pp. 5–43.

15   Mark Tessler, History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 802–3.

16   Charles Enderlin, Shattered Dreams, p. 223.

17   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 151.

18   Raef Zreik, The Palestinian question: themes of justice and power, part I: the Palestinians of the occupied territories, Journal of Palestine Studies 32 (4), 2003, pp. 39–49.

19   Asher Susser, Israel, Jordan and Palestine, p. 47.

20   Benny Morris, One State, Two States, p. 173.

21   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 246.

22   Hanieh, Camp David papers.

23   Miller, Much Too Promised Land, p. 305.

24   Pressman, Visions in collision.

25   Robert Malley and Hussein Agha, Camp David: the tragedy of errors, New York Review of Books, 9 August 2001.

26   Guardian, 9 September 2000.

27   David Landau, Arik, p. 347.

28   Dennis Ross, The Missing Peace, p. 728.

29   Ross, Missing Peace, p. 730.

30   Amira Hass, Haaretz, 1 October 2010; Hillel Cohen, Society–military relations in a state-in-the-making: Palestinian security agencies and the ‘treason discourse’ in the second intifada, Armed Forces & Society 38 (3), 2012, pp. 463–85.

31   Mamdouh Nofal, Yasir Arafat, the political player: a mixed legacy, Journal of Palestine Studies 35 (2), 2006, pp. 23–37.

32   http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/7083129.stm.

33   Azmi Bishara, Reflections on October 2000: a landmark in Jewish-Arab relations in Israel, Journal of Palestine Studies 30 (3), 2001, pp. 54–67.

34   Arij Sabbagh and Khouri Manhal, Haaretz, 30 September 2001.

35   Washington Post, 9 March 2000.

36   Ozacky-Lazar and Stern (eds.), Bnei Hamakom, pp. 84, 109.

37   Amira Hass, Haaretz, 1 October 2010.

38   Amira Hess, Haaretz, 20 November 2000.

39   Joshua Hammer, A Season in Bethlehem, p. 57.

40   Amos Harel and Avi Issacharoff, Hamilhama Hasheviit.

41   Cate Malek and Mateo Hoke (eds.), Palestine Speaks, p. 169.

42   Ross, Missing Peace, pp. 809–13.

43   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, pp. 294–5.

44   Susser, Israel, Jordan and Palestine, p. 58.

45   Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 276.

46   Qurei, Beyond Oslo, p. 322.

22. 2000–2002

  1   Mitchell Report: http://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/mepp/docs/mitchell_report_2001_en.pdf.

  2   Guardian, 7 February 2001.

  3   Guardian, 8 February 2001.

  4   Shlomo Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 252.

  5   Guardian, 8 February 2001.

  6   Nahum Barnea, quoted in Guardian, 15 June 2001.

  7   David Landau, Arik, pp. 367–9.

  8   Guardian, 30 April 2001.

  9   PA TV (Fatah), 22 July 2009.

10   A. D. Miller, The Much Too Promised Land, p. 308.

11   Yezid Sayigh, Arafat and the anatomy of a revolt, Survival 43 (3), 2001.

12   Mitchell Report, pp. 4–5.

13   Ahmed Qurei, Peace Negotiations in Palestine, p. 46.

14   Neve Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 137.

15   Newsweek, 1 April 2002.

16   Lori Allen, Getting by the occupation: how violence became normal during the second Palestinian intifada, Cultural Anthropology 23 (3), 2008, pp. 453–87.

17   Qurei, Peace Negotiations, p. 48.

18   Bader Araj, in Mark LeVine and Gershon Shafir (eds.), Struggle and Survival, p. 378.

19   Mosab Hassan Yousef, Son of Hamas, p. 192.

20   Qurei, Peace Negotiations, p. 50.

21   Human Rights Watch, Erased in a Moment: Suicide Bombing Attacks against Israeli Civilians. October 2002, p. 39.

22   Yediot Aharonot, 1 September 2001, https://muse-jhu-edu.gate3.library.lse.ac.uk/article/492415/pdf/.

23   Emma Williams, It’s Easier to Reach Heaven, p. 152.

24   Qurei, Peace Negotiations, p. 63.

25   Yediot Aharonot, 2 November 2001; Sara Roy, Failing Peace, p. 306.

26   Yair Hirschfeld, Track-Two Diplomacy, p. 277.

27   Dror Moreh, Shomrei haSaf, pp. 285–9.

28   http://www.jiis.org/.upload/the%20israeli%20palestinian%20violent%20confrontation%202000-2004.pdf.

29   Haaretz, 21 January 2002.

30   Amal Jamal, The Palestinian National Movement, p. 160.

31   Eyad El Sarraj, Suicide bombers: dignity, despair, and the need for hope, Journal of Palestine Studies 31 (4), 2001–2002.

32   Bader Araj, in LeVine and Shafir (eds.), Struggle and Survival, p. 380.

33   Ronen Bergman, The Secret War with Iran, pp. 269–71.

34   Sonia Nimr, in LeVine and Shafir (eds.), Struggle and Survival, pp. 141–2.

35   Ari Shavit, Haaretz, 10 March 2002.

36   Human Rights Watch, Erased in a Moment, p. 66.

37   Graham Usher, Facing defeat: the intifada two years on, Journal of Palestine Studies 32 (2), 2003, pp. 21–40.

38   Miller, Much Too Promised Land, p. 342.

39   Observer, 21 April 2002.

40   Gordon, Israel’s Occupation, p. 204.

41   Nahum Barnea and Ariel Kastner, Backchannel: Bush, Sharon and the uses of unilateralism, Saban Center for Middle East Policy, Monograph Series 2 (December 2006), p. 24.

42   Baruch Kimmerling, Politicide, p. 163.

43   New York Times, 15 August 2002.

44   Kimmerling, Politicide, pp. 161–2.

45   Williams, It’s Easier to Reach Heaven, pp. 208–9.

46   Haaretz, 5 March 2002.

47   Salim Tamari, Normalcy and violence: the yearning for the ordinary in discourse of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Journal of Palestine Studies 42 (4), 2013, pp. 48–60.

48   https://muse-jhu-edu.gate3.library.lse.ac.uk/article/492415/pdf, Rema Hammami, Musa Budeiri, al-Quds, 14 December 2001.

49   JMCC, Poll No. 45, 29–31 May, 1–2 June 2002, http://www.jmcc.org/publicpoll/results/2002/no45.htm.

50   Neil Lochery, The View from the Fence, p. 2.

51   Haaretz, 3 March 2002.

52   Al-Haq, The Annexation Wall and its Associated Regime, 2012.

53   https://www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_barrier_update_july_2011_english.pdf.

54   Suad Amiry, Sharon and my Mother-in-Law, p. 188.

55   Leila Farsakh, Independence, cantons, or bantustans: whither the Palestinian state? Middle East Journal 59 (2), Changing Geopolitics, 2005, pp. 230–45.

56   World Bank, Stagnation or Revival, Israeli Disengagement and Palestinian Economic Prospects, December 2004, p. 6.

57   David Shulman, Dark Hope, p. 149.

58   Haaretz, 30 June 2002.

59   Ben-Ami, Scars of War, p. 303.

60   Landau, Arik, p. 401.

23. 2003–2006

  1   Ariel Sharon at the UN General Assembly 15 September 2004.

  2   Nahum Barnea and Ariel Kastner, Backchannel: Bush, Sharon and the uses of unilateralism, Saban Center for Middle East Policy, Monograph Series 2 (December 2006), pp. 40–41.

  3   Ahmed Qurei, Peace Negotiations in Palestine, p. 98.

  4   Qurei, Peace Negotiations, pp. 104–7.

  5   Guardian, 15 February 2003.

  6   Observer, 12 October 2003.

  7   London Review of Books, 6 November 2003.

  8   Dror Moreh, Shomrei haSaf, p. 295.

  9   Jean-Pierre Filiu, Gaza: A History, p. 264.

10   Ehud Yaari, Times of Israel, 30 July 2015.

11   http://www.jiis.org/.upload/the%20israeli%20palestinian%20violent%20confrontation%202000-2004.pdf.

12   Guardian, 24 February 2004.

13   Haaretz, 29 December 2003.

14   https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/04TELAVIV1452_a.html.

15   Sharif Hamadeh, Adalah newsletter 16, August 2005.

16   Qurei, Peace Negotiations, p. 219.

17   Haaretz, 6 October 2004.

18   Ari Shavit (ed.), Partition: Disengagement and Beyond, p. 103.

19   Times of Israel, 15 April 2012; Talia Sasson, Al pi Tehom, p. 87.

20   Filiu, Gaza, p. 273.

21   Nasser Abufarha, The Making of a Human Bomb, p. 127.

22   Beshara Doumani, Scenes from daily life: the view from Nablus, Journal of Palestine Studies 34 (1), 2004–2005.

23   Al Jazeera TV, 4 December 2013.

24   London Review of Books, 3 February 2005.

25   Guardian, 5 January 2005.

26   Wikileaks, US State Department cable, 1 April 2005.

27   Amira Hass, Drinking the Sea at Gaza, p. 7.

28   Guardian, 25 January 2011.

29   Mehdi Abdel-Hadi, bitterlemons.org, 4 April 2005.

30   Lisa Taraki, Enclave micropolis: the paradoxical case of Ramallah/al-Bireh, Journal of Palestine Studies 37 (4), 2008, pp. 6–20.

31   World Bank, West Bank and Gaza – Economic Update and Potential Outlook, 15 March 2006, p. 1; World Bank, The Impending Palestinian Fiscal Crisis, Potential Remedies, 7 May 2006, p. 7.

32   Arthur Neslen, In Your Eyes a Sandstorm, p. 145.

33   Emma Williams, It’s Easier to Reach Heaven, pp. 249–50.

34   Ghada Karmi, Return, pp. 76–7.

35   Abufarha, Making of a Human Bomb, pp. 91–6.

36   https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2006/country-chapters/israel/palestine.

37   OCHA, Agreement on Movement and Access, November 2006.

38   Doumani, Scenes from daily life, op. cit.

39   World Bank, Movement and Access Restrictions in the West Bank, 9 May 2007.

40   Raja Shehadeh, In pursuit of my Ottoman uncle: reimagining the Middle East region as one, Journal of Palestine Studies 40 (4), 2011, pp. 82–93.

41   Haaretz, 4 January 2007.

42   Haaretz, 26 February 2015.

43   BDS: https://bdsmovement.net/what-is-bds.

44   Antony Loewenstein and Ahmed Moor (eds.), After Zionism, p. 19.

45   Guardian, 29 November 2004.

46   http://www.camera.org/index.asp?x_article=805&x_context=7.

47   Noam Chayut, The Girl who Stole, p. 192.

48   David Shulman, Dark Hope, p. 6.

49   Guardian, 24 January 2006.

50   Robert Serry, Endless Quest, p. 18.

51   Wikileaks, 13 January 2006.

52   International Crisis Group, Enter Hamas: The Challenges of Political Integration, 18 January 2006, https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/eastern-mediterranean/israelpalestine/enter-hamas-challenges-political-integration.

53   Serry, Endless Quest, p. 21.

54   De Soto Report, May 2007, http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Guardian/documents/2007/06/12/DeSotoReport.pdf.

55   New York Times, 25 January 2006.

56   http://english.al-akhbar.com/sites/default/files/The%20Prisoner’s%20Document%20(June%202006)_0.pdf.

24. 2006–2009

  1   Ehud Olmert, 17 July 2006.

  2   Guardian, 9 July 2006; http://www.btselem.org/testimonies/20060724_idf_missile_hits_a_horse_drawn_cart_killing_a_woman_and_her_grandchild.

  3   http://www.brandeis.edu/crown/publications/meb/MEB12.pdf.

  4   http://www.haaretz.com/lebanon-and-the-territories-no-resemblance-1.194494.

  5   17 July, Knesset speech.

  6   Nahum Barnea and Ariel Kastner, Backchannel: Bush, Sharon and the uses of unilateralism, Saban Center for Middle East Policy, Monograph Series 2 (December 2006).

  7   http://www.brandeis.edu/crown/publications/meb/MEB10.pdf.

  8   http://www.ochaopt.org/sites/default/files/GazaStripOCHA_sitrep_8August06.pdf.

  9   De Soto Report, May 2007, http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Guardian/documents/2007/06/12/DeSotoReport.pdf.

10   John Deverell, Prospect, 27 August 2009.

11   Condoleezza Rice, No Higher Honor, p. 575.

12   http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2008/04/gaza200804.

13   De Soto Report.

14   Rice, No Higher Honor, p. 551.

15   Alan Johnston, Kidnapped, p. 27.

16   http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/fatah-asked-israel-to-help-attack-hamas-during-gaza-coup-wikileaks-cable-shows-1.331654.

17   Guardian, 16 June 2007.

18   Rice, No Higher Honor, p. 581.

19   Alex Fishman, Yediot Aharonot, 27 June 2015.

20   Guardian, 15 June 2007.

21   Amos Elon, New York Review of Books, 14 February 2008.

22   Rice, No Higher Honor, pp. 600–605.

23   http://www.haaretz.com/news/the-full-text-of-olmert-abbas-speeches-at-the-annapolis-summit-1.234081.

24   http://www.haaretz.com/news/olmert-to-haaretz-two-state-solution-or-israel-is-done-for-1.2342010.

25   Fayyad interview, Guardian, 15 December 2008.

26   Karma Nabulsi, Guardian, 18 December 2007.

27   Haaretz, 9 September 2011.

28   Guardian, 3 March 2008.

29   Robert Serry, Endless Quest, p. 31.

30   Ghada Karmi, Introduction, in Clayton E. Swisher, The Palestine Papers, p. 10.

31   https://www.theguardian.com/world/palestine-papers.

32   Asher Susser, Israel, Jordan and Palestine, p. 67.

33   Rice, No Higher Honor, p. 653.

34   Jerusalem Post, 24 May 2013.

35   http://www.haaretz.com/haaretz-exclusive-olmert-s-plan-for-peace-with-the-palestinians-1.1970.

36   Guardian, 31 July 2008.

37   Rice, No Higher Honor, p. 724.

38   Mazal Mualem, al-Monitor, 4 November 2014.

39   Moshe Yaalon, Israel and the Palestinians: a new strategy, Azure 34, Autumn 2008.

40   Times of Israel, 19 November 2015.

41   George J. Mitchell and Alon Sachar, A Path to Peace, p. 109.

42   Wikileaks, US embassy, 29 August 2008.

43   Yediot Aharonot, 19 September 2008.

44   Haaretz, 28 December 2008.

45   New York Times, 28 December 2008.

46   Guardian, 9 January 2009.

47   Hisham Naffa, The Palestinians in Israel and Operation Cast Lead: a view from Haifa, Journal of Palestine Studies 38 (3), 2009.

48   Cate Malek and Mateo Hoke (eds.), Palestine Speaks, p. 45.

49   http://pchrgaza.org/en/?p=5260.

50   Izzeldin Abuelaish, I Shall Not Hate, pp. 179–80.

51   Rebecca L. Stein, Impossible witness: Israeli visuality, Palestinian testimony and the Gaza war, Journal for Cultural Research 16 (2–3), 2012, pp. 135–53.

52   Serry, Endless Quest, p. 37.

53   Rice, No Higher Honor, p. 726.

54   Congressional Research Service, US Security Assistance to the Palestinian Authority, Jim Zanotti, analyst in Middle Eastern affairs, 24 June 2009.

55   Yoram Cohen and Jeffrey White, Hamas in Combat: The Military Performance of the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement, Policy Focus #97, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, October 2009.

25. 2009–2014

  1   Efraim Inbar and Eitan Shamir, ‘Mowing the Grass’: Israel’s strategy for protracted intractable conflict, Journal of Strategic Studies 37 (1), 2014, pp. 65–90.

  2   Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/22/AR2009012202550.html.

  3   Chicago Tribune, 4 January 2009.

  4   https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-cairo-university-6-04-09.

  5   Josh Ruebner, Shattered Hopes, p. 65.

  6   Guardian, 4 June 2009.

  7   Guardian, 16 March 2009.

  8   The Economist, 18 June 2009.

  9   http://www.haaretz.com/news/full-text-of-netanyahu-s-foreign-policy-speech-at-bar-ilan-1.277922.

10   Raef Zreik, Why the Jewish state now? Journal of Palestine Studies 40 (3), 2011, pp. 23–37.

11   http://foreignpolicy.com/2011/05/25/should-the-palestinians-recognize-israel-as-a-jewish-state; https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyFocus108.pdf.

12   Interview, Ramallah, 7 February 2017.

13   Independent, 2 March 2009.

14   Congressional Research Service, US Security Assistance to the Palestinian Authority, Jim Zanotti, analyst in Middle Eastern affairs, 24 June 2009.

15   Guardian, 4 August 2009.

16   Al-Jazeera, October 2009.

17   George J. Mitchell and Alon Sachar, A Path to Peace, p. 158.

18   http://www.haaretz.com/news/netanyahu-declares-10-month-settlement-freeze-to-restart-peace-talks-1.3435.

19   New York Times, 4 May 2009.

20   Menachem Klein, Hamas in power, Middle East Journal 61 (3), 2007, pp. 442–59.

21   Wall Street Journal, 1 August 2007; New Republic, 26 March 2010.

22   Guardian, 6 December 2010.

23   Israel TV Channel 2, Hisul be’maagal sagur, 11 November 2015.

24   The Economist, 3 June 2010.

25   Gershon Shafir, A Half Century of Occupation, pp. 221–2.

26   Guardian, 29 June 2010.

27   Fayyad interview, Part I, 27 August and 1 September 2009, Journal of Palestine Studies 39 (1), 2009–2010.

28   Measures Taken by Israel in Support of Developing the Palestinian Economy, the Socio-Economic Structure, and the Security Reforms. Report of the Government of Israel to the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee (AHLC), Madrid, 13 April 2010.

29   Raja Shehadeh, Occupation Diaries, p. 43.

30   Al-Shabaka, 19 May 2014.

31   Lisa Taraki, Enclave micropolis: the paradoxical case of Ramallah/al-Bireh, Journal of Palestine Studies 37 (4), 2008, pp. 6–20.

32   Ruebner, Shattered Hopes, pp. 109–15.

33   Guardian, 17 July 2012.

34   Haaretz, 24 March 2011.

35   Guardian, 2 May 2014.

36   Guardian, 24 February 2011.

37   The Economist, 26 November 2011; Nicolas Pelham, Gaza’s tunnel phenomenon: the unintended dynamics of Israel’s siege, Journal of Palestine Studies 41 (4), 2012, pp. 6–31.

38   Husam Zumlot, quoted in Antony Loewenstein and Ahmed Moor (eds.), After Zionism, p. 48.

39   Ben Caspit, Maariv, 25 March 2013.

40   Haaretz, 15 March 2012.

41   Surat al-Fil, 105 v. 4.

42   Maan news agency, 3 July 2012.

43   Haaretz, 13 September 2012.

44   Jerusalem Post, 10 June 2013.

45   http://time.com/11458/israel-doubled-west-bank-settlement-construction-in-2013/.

46   https://972mag.com/in-bab-al-shams-palestinians-created-new-facts-on-the-ground/64732/, Abir Kopty, Heinrich Boll Foundation, Oslo.

47   https://peacenow.org/entry.php?id=10157#.WKVFsxJ97ow.

48   Guardian, 3 March 2017; Maan news agency, 11 March 2017.

49   Ariel Handel et al., Normalizing Occupation, pp. 2–3.

50   Menachem Klein, The Shift, pp. 73–4.

51   Haaretz, 15 September 2010.

52   Haaretz, 10 June 2016.

53   Assaf Gavron, The Hilltop.

54   B’Tselem, Background on the Jordan Valley, 18 May 2011.

55   Guardian, 7 February 2014.

56   http://www.btselem.org/download/201007_by_hook_and_by_crook_eng.pdf.

57   Nahum Barnea, Yediot Aharonot, 18 March 2013.

58   Guardian, 28 April 2010.

59   Mandy Turner, Killing the zombie peace and building a new movement, Mediterranean Politics 21 (3), 2016, pp. 437–41.

60   Ian Lustick, Guardian, 22 February 2017.

61   Mitchell and Sachar, Path to Peace, p. 170.

62   Ir Amim, Jerusalem municipality budget analysis for 2013: share of investment in East Jerusalem, December 2014, http://www.ir-amim.org.il/sites/default/files/PL_Investment%20in%20East%20Jerusalem%20December%202014-2%2025%2015.pdf.

63   New York Times, 9 March 2010.

64   Michael Dumper, Jerusalem Unbound, p. 124.

65   Eliezer Yaari, Me’ever le-Harei haHoshekh.

66   ‘We are orphans here’, New York Times, 1 December 2016.

67   Ibtisam Iskafi, Traveling through the ‘borders’ of the Israeli Interior Ministry and National Insurance, Palestine-Israel Journal 21 (4), 2016, pp. 57–9.

68   Ir Amim, Dangerous liaison: the dynamics of the rise of the Temple Movements and their implications, Keshev, 1 March 2013.

69   Natan Sharansky, Haaretz, 16 October 2003.

70   Ronen Bergman, The Secret War with Iran, pp. 3–40.

71   Jerusalem Post, 21 September 2016.

72   Haaretz, 3 April 2015.

73   Haaretz, 5 July 2014.

74   Robert Serry, Endless Quest, p. 133.

75   Ben Birnbaum and Amir Tibon, The explosive, inside story of how John Kerry built an Israel-Palestine peace plan – and watched it crumble, New Republic, 20 July 2014.

76   Haaretz, 4 August 2014.

77   Guardian, 21 February 2014.

78   Haaretz, 17 June 2014.

79   Surat al-Fil, 105 v. 5.

80   Atef Abu Saif, The Drone Eats with Me, p. 56.

81   Haaretz, 26 August 2014.

82   https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/03/qa-2014-hostilities-between-israel-and-hamas.

83   Abu Saif, Drone, pp. 12–34.

84   Guardian, 18 July 2014.

85   Times of Israel, 20 July 2014; al-Jazeera, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/08/telegenically-dead-201481182312870982.html.

86   Times of Israel, 29 July 2014.

87   Inbal Arnon, in Bashir Bashir and Azar Dakwar (eds.), Rethinking the Politics of Israel and Palestine, p. 34.

88   New Statesman, 22 July 2014.

89   Al-Monitor, 28 January 2015.

90   http://www.lrb.co.uk/v36/n15/mouin-rabbani/israel-mows-the-lawn.

91   See p. 399.

92   New York Times, 24 July 2014.

93   Jerusalem Post, 22 July 2014.

94   Assaf Sharon, Failure in Gaza, New York Review of Books, 25 September 2014.

26. 2015–2017

  1   Interview, Ramallah, 7 February 2017.

  2   Guardian, 27 July 2016.

  3   http://www.reuters.com/article/us-un-assembly-israel-palestinians-idUSKCN11S2CZ.

  4   PLO statement, 6 February 2017.

  5   Times of Israel, 8 January 2017.

  6   http://english.alarabiya.net/en/webtv/reports/2015/05/15/U-S-President-Barack-Obama-in-an-exclusive-interview-with-Al-Arabiya.html.

  7   Haaretz, 24 December 2015.

  8   Salon, March 2015.

  9   Guardian, 18 March 2015.

10   Yediot Aharonot, 13 March 2015.

11   Haaretz, 19 February 2017.

12   Arutz Sheva, 27 January 2016.

13   Haaretz, 15 February 2015.

14   Haaretz, 13 April 2016.

15   Palestinian Centre for Policy and Survey, 28 December 2016.

16   Alaa Tartir, Palestine-Israel: decolonization now, peace later, Mediterranean Politics 21 (3), 2016, pp. 457–60.

17   Haaretz, 7 February 2017.

18   http://www.peaceindex.org/files/Peace_Index_Data_April_2016-Eng%281%29.pdf.

19   Haaretz, 3 June 2017.

20   Guardian, 6 April 2017.

21   Maan news agency, 15–16 December 2016.

22   http://www.pcpsr.org/sites/default/files/poll%2060%20June%202016%20pressrelease%20English.pdf

23   Times of Israel, 28 May 2014.

24   Times of Israel, 31 March 2016.

25   Haaretz, 24 April 2016.

26   Mehdi Abdel-Hadi, al-Rai al-Yawm, 25 December 2016.

27   Haaretz, 6 April 2016.

28   Guardian, 5 November 2015.

29   http://www.loveunderapartheid.com/about.

30   Private information.

31   Omran Shroufi, openDemocracy, 17 January 2017.

32   Mouin Rabbani, Jadaliya, 6 December /2016, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/25621/fatah_the-disintegration-continues.

33   Alaa Tartir and Sabrien Amrov, After Gaza, What Price Palestine’s Security Sector? Al-Shabaka, 8 October 2014.

34   Times of Israel, 13 November 2015.

35   AFP news agency, 7 July 2015.

36   Human Rights Watch, Palestine: crackdown on journalists, activists chilling effect on free expression, 29 August 2016.

37   Maan news agency, 6 March 2017; Times of Israel, 7 March 2017; Ynet, 13 March 2017.

38   Defense News, 18 January 2016.

39   Maan news agency, 3 April 2017; New York Times, 9 March 2017.

40   https://euobserver.com/justice/125652.

41   http://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/tdb62d3_en.pdf.

42   Guardian, 1 June 2016.

43   Times of Israel, 6 February 2017.

44   Times of Israel, 11 May 2015.

45   Haaretz, 29 October 2015.

46   Haaretz, 12 February 2017.

47   http://www.juancole.com/2014/05/occupartheid-isolating-degrading.html.

48   Times of Israel, 27 October 2016.

49   Ynet, 5 September 2016.

50   Haaretz, 18 December 2016.

51   Haaretz, 30 December 2014.

52   Command of Arabic amongst Israeli Jews, Van Leer Institute, 2015.

53   Haaretz, 4 July 2014.

54   Haaretz, 30 September 2016.

55   Haaretz, 22 December 2009.

EPILOGUE

  1   Meron Benvenisti, The case for shared sovereignty, The Nation, 31 May 2007.

  2   http://www.pcpsr.org/sites/default/files/Table%20of%20Findings_English%20Joint%20Poll%20Dec%202016_12Feb2017.pdf.

  3   https://www.juancole.com/2014/05/occupartheid-isolating-degrading.html.

  4   Bashir Bashir and Azar Dakwar (eds.), Rethinking the Politics of Israel and Palestine, p. 17.

  5   Washington Post, 26 January 2017.

  6   Times of Israel, 22 January 2017.

  7   Akiva Eldar, Al-Monitor, 28 February 2017.

  8   George Giacaman, Is a just and lasting peace possible? Journal of Mediterranean Politics 21 (3), 2016.

  9   Reuters, 21 March 2015.

10   Alaa Tartir and Sabrien Amrov, After Gaza, What Price Palestine’s Security Sector? Al-Shabaka, 8 October 2014.

11   PLO statement, 30 March 2017.

12   Al-Haq, Exploring the Legality of Land Swap Agreements under Occupation, 2011.

13   Muna Dajani and Lina Isma’il, Conscious Choices: A Guide to Ethical Consumerism in Palestine, April 2015.

14   Haaretz, 20 June 2016.

15   Palestinian-Israeli Pulse, 16 February /2017, http://www.pcpsr.org/en/node/678.

16   On Brit Shalom, see Chapter 3, p. 54.

17   Haaretz, 25 January 2017.

18   https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1183763391692005&id=739419262793089&_rdr.

19   Haaretz, 14 February 2017.

20   Haaretz, 16 February 2017.

21   Asher Susser, Israel, Jordan and Palestine, p. 126.

22   Dan Rabinowitz and Khawla Abu-Baker, Coffins, p. 12.

23   Alaa Tartir and Tareq Baconi, Al-Jazeera, 19 February 2017.

24   The Economist, 20–26 May 2017.

25   Salim Tamari, The dubious lure of binationalism, in Mahdi Abdul Hadi (ed.), Palestinian-Israeli Impasse.

26   Los Angeles Times, 29 December 2016.

27   Raef Zreik, When does a settler become a native? (With apologies to Mamdani), Constellations 23 (3), 2016.

28   Ali Abunimah, One Country.

29   Benvenisti, The case for shared sovereignty.

30   Padraig O’Malley, The Two-State Delusion, p. 302.

31   Rashid Khalidi, Guardian, 18 February 2017.

32   http://www.un.org/webcast/pdfs/SRES2334-2016.pdf.

33   http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/02/israel-likud-benjamin-netanyahu-naftali-bennett-two-state.html.

34   Daniel Levy, National Interest, 6 March 2017.

35   Ali Abunimah, Electronic Intifada, 15 February 2017.

36   Nadia Hijab, Guardian, 22 February 2017.

37   Shaul Arieli, Haaretz, 25 January 2017.

38   Christian Science Monitor, 14 February 2017.