10.8

1. 1. Listen to Track 78.

      Now answer the questions.

   1. What is the lecture mainly about?

      1. A discussion of efficient ways to wash a car
      2. A contributor to management theory and one of the processes he invented
      3. The differences between the original form of scientific management and modern versions of it
      4. Worker dissatisfaction with automation in the workplace

   2. Why does the professor discuss washing a car?

      1. To give an example of conducting a time and motion study
      2. To explore the case of a task that may normally be considered menial
      3. To contrast the views of two different schools of management theory
      4. To demonstrate the degree to which certain tasks can be automated

2. 1. Listen to Track 79.

      Now answer the question.

   3. Why does the professor say this?

      1. To answer his own question, after no student was able to answer it correctly
      2. To point out that the student’s response did not identify the right person
      3. To indicate that the student was essentially correct, despite making a slight error
      4. To ask the rest of the class whether the given response was correct

4. What is an example of a component of a time and motion study?

   1. The use of a stopwatch to see how long completing a step in an overall process takes
   2. Tracking the speed of individual employees so that they can be ranked in terms of efficiency
   3. Eliminating steps that had previously been considered essential to a process
   4. Making inventory lists to ensure that a task can be completed

5. According to the professor, where may a potential conflict arise as a result of applying scientific management in a workplace?

   1. From other managers who feel that scientific management principles are obsolete
   2. From competitors who can replicate the efficiency gains achieved from scientific management
   3. From civil rights advocates who claim that some scientific management principles violate worker rights
   4. From laborers and unions who are concerned about workers being replaced by machines

6. Select the description(s) below that apply to time and motion studies, as described in the lecture. Select all that apply.

   1. A list of steps needed to complete a task is drafted.
   2. Ways to train workers to move faster through each step are found.
   3. Workers who fail to complete assignments quickly may be subjected to penalties.
   4. Steps to complete a task may be reordered to achieve greater efficiency.