Microsoft Windows was designed with networking in mind, and it includes broad networking support that is integrated with the I/O system and the Windows APIs. The four basic types of network software components are services, APIs, protocols, and drivers for network adapters—with each component layered on top of the next to form a network stack. Windows has well-defined interfaces for each layer, so in addition to using the wide variety of APIs, protocols, and network adapter device drivers that ship with Windows, third parties can extend the operating system’s networking capabilities by developing their own components.
In this chapter, we take you from the top of the Windows networking stack to the bottom. First, we present the mapping between the Windows networking software components and the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model. Then we briefly describe the networking APIs available on Windows and explain how they are implemented. You’ll learn how multiple redirector support and name resolution work, see how to access and cache remote files, and learn how a multitude of drivers interact to form a network protocol stack. After looking at the implementation of network adapter device drivers, we examine binding, which is the glue that connects services, protocol stacks, and network adapters.