Appendix 4
Eastern victories in imperial titulature.
From Alexander Severus to Constantius II
(222±361)¹

Alexander Severus
(Aug. 222–235)
PARTICO MAX. [PERSICO] MAX.(?)²

Philip
(Aug. 224–229)
PERSICUS MAXIMUS (CIL VI, 1097 [after 244])
PARTHICUS MAXIMUS (CIL III, 4634, ibid. 10619, ibid. 143546)

Gallienus
(Aug. 253–268)
GERM. PERSICUS MAX. (CIL III, 22765 [262 or 263])
PARTH. MAX. GERM. (IRT 956 [262])
GERM. MAX. PARTH. MAX. (CIL X, 4784 [265] and XI, 3089)
GERM. MAX. PERS. MAX. (EE IX, 582 [264 or 265])
GERM. MAX. DAC. MAX. PERS. MAX. (IRT 921 [264])

Claudius II
(Aug. 268–270)
GOTH. MAX. PARTH. MAX. (CIL VIII, 4876 [?269])

Aurelian
(Aug. 270–275)
ARABICUS MAX. CARP. MAX. PERS. MAX. (CIL II, 4506 [10 Dec. 271/9 Dec. 272])
ARABICUS MAX. PERSICUS MAX. (AE 1936, 129 [271/2])
[GERMANICO GOTHIC]O PARTHICO (CIL VIII, 9040 [10 Dec. 271/9 Dec. 272])
PARTH. MAX. GOTH. MAX. GERM. MAX. CARP. MAX. (CIL III, 7586 [end of 272, before 10 Dec.])
GERM. MAX. GOTH. MAX. PARTH. MAX. (CIL XII, 2673 [274] and 5456 [before 10 Dec., 273]) GERM. MAX. GOTH. MAX. PAR]TH. MAX. CARP.
MAX. (CIL XII, 5549, [after 273])
GERM. MAX. GOTH. MAX. PARTH. MAX. PERS. MAX. (CIL XII, 5561 [after 273])
GOTH. MAX. PALMYRENICUS MAX. GERM. MAX. (CIL V, 4319 [Dec. 274])
GOTH. MAX. GERM. MAX. PARTH. MAX. CARP. MAX. (CIL VI, 1112 [end of 274])
GERM. MAX. GOTH. MAX. PARTH. MAX. DAC. MAX. CARP. MAX. (CIL XIII, 8973 [275])

Vaballathus (Aug. 272)
PERS. MAX. ARAB. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (AE 1904, 60 [270/1])

Probus (Aug. 276–282)
(POxy. 164, 35 [280])
(POxy. 168, 32 [282])
(POxy. 1256, 20–21 [282])
(PAmh. 106, 4 [282])

Carus (Aug. 282–283)
(IGR I, 1144 [282/3])
PERS. MAX. GERM. MAX. (CIL VIII, 12522 [282/3])

Carinus (Aug. 283–285) and Numerianus (Aug. 283–285)
GERM. MAX. BRIT. MAX. PERS. MAX. (CIL XIV, 126 [284] and 127)

Diocletian (Aug. 284–305)
GERM. MAX. PERS. MAX. (CIL III, 5810 [290])
GERM. MAX. II SARM. MAX. PERS. MAX. (CIL XIII, 5249 [294])
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. (CIL III, 6151 [before 300]) (IGR I, 1291, 21–22 [between 298 and 305])
GERM. MAX. VI SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. CARP.

MAX. ARAM.³
MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (AE 1973, 526a [301, before 1 Sept.]) GERM. MAX. VI SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. CARP.
MAX. ARMEN.
MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, p. 824 [301, between 20 Nov. and 9 Dec., cf. Barnes, 1982:23])
[SARM. MAX. V PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX. V] ARMEN.
MAX. II MED.
MAX. [ADIAB. MAX.] (AE 1958, 190 [7 January 304 or 305, cf. Barnes, 1982: 19–20]) (PThead. 2, 2–3 [11 Mar. 305])

Maximianus Herculius (Aug. 286–305)

GERM. MAX. SARM. MAX. PERS. MAX. (CIL XIII, 5249 [294])
(IGR I, 1291, 25 [between 298 and 305])
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. (CIL III, 6151 [before 300])
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. III PERS. MAX. II BRIT MAX. PART. MAX. ARAB.⁴

MAX. MED.
MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (AE 1973, 526a [301, before 1 Sept.]) GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX. MED.
MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, p. 824 [301, between 20 Nov. and 9 Dec.])
GERM. [MAX. VIII SARM. MAX. IV PERS. MAX. II BRIT.] MAX. CARP.
MAX. V
ARMEN. MAX. II MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (AE 1958, 190 [7 January 304 or 305])
(PThead. 2, 2–3 [11 Mar. 305])

Constantius Chlorus (Caes. 293–305, Aug. 305–306)
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. BRIT. MAX. (CIL III, 6151 [before 300])
(IGR I, 1291, 30 [between 298 and 305])
GERM. SARM. PERS. BRIT. CARP. ARAM.⁵ MED. ADIAB. (AE 1973:526a [301, before 1 Sept.])
GERM. MAX. II SARM. MAX. II PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX. GERM. MAX. II SARM. MAX. II PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAXARMEN.
MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, p. 824 [301, between 20 Nov. and 9 Dec.])
[GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. III PE]RS. MAX. BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX.
ARMEN.

MAX. MED. MAX. (AE 1958, 190 [7 January 304 or 305])
(PThead. 2, 3 [11 Mar. 305])
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. III PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. II CARP.
MAX. V ARMEN.
MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (AE 1961, 240 [7 Jan., 306])

Galerius (Caes. 293–305, Aug. 305–311)
PERS. MAX. SARM. MAX. BRIT. MAX. (CIL VI, 1137)
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. IIII PERS. MAX. BRIT. MAX. (CIL III, 6151 [before 300])
GERM. SARM. PERS. BRIT. CARP. ARAM.⁶ MED. ADIAB. (AE 1973:526a [301, before 1 Sept.])
GERM. MAX. II SARM. MAX. II PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX. ARMEN.
MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, p. 824 [301, between 20 Nov. and 9 Dec.])
[GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. III PE]RS. MAX. BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX.
V ARMEN.
MAX. MED. MAX. (AE 1958, 190 [7 Jan. 304 or 305])
(PThead. 2, 3 [11 Mar. 305])
GERM. MAX. V SARM. MAX. III PERS. MAX. II BRIT. MAX. II CARP.
MAX. V
ARMEN. MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (AE 1961, 240 [7 Jan., 306])
GERM. MAX. VII AEGYPT. MAX. THEB. MAX. SARM. MAX. V PERS.
MAX. III BRIT. MAX. II CARP. MAX. VI ARM. MAX. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, 12133, [late 310, cf. Barnes, 1982:21]) PERS. MAX. III BRIT. MED. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, 6979 [late 310, cf. Barnes, 1982:21])

(Eusebius, hist. eccl. VIII, 17, 3 [311, cf. Barnes, 1982:22])

Maximinus Daia (Aug. c. 309–313)
SARM. GERM. PERS. (ILAl I, 3956 [312/3])

Constantine (Caes. and Aug. 306-337)
GERM. SARM. PERS. (ILAl I, 3956 [312/3])
PERS. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. MED. MAX. GOTH. MAX. (CIL VIII, 23116 [315])
GERM. MAX. III SARM. MAX. BRIT. MAX. CARP. MAX. ARAB. MAX.
MED. MAX.
ARMEN. MAX. GOTH. MAX. (CIL VIII, 8412 [318 or 319])

Constantius II (Caes. 324–337, Aug. 337–361)
SARMATICUS [PER]SIC[US] MAX.⁷ (CIL III, 12483 [before 340])
GOTH. MAX. ADIAB. MAX. (CIL III, 3705 [354])