Acronyms and Abbreviations

ALS

Area Licensing Scheme

CAAS

Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore

COE

Certificate of Entitlement

COP

Conference of the Parties

CPF

Central Provident Fund

CREATE

Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise

EAGLES

Edusave Awards for Achievement and Good Leadership and Service

EDB

Economic Development Board

EIP

Ethnic Integration Policy

EMA

Energy Market Authority

ERP

Electronic Road Pricing

FDPA

Five Power Defense Arrangements

FSA

Financial Services Agency (Japan)

GIS

Genome Institute of Singapore

GLC

Government-linked company

GST

Goods and services tax

HDB

Housing and Development Board

ICT

Information and communications technology

IES

International Enterprise Singapore

INSEAD

Institut Européen d’Administration des Affaires

IoT

Internet of Things

JTC

Jurong Town Corporation

LTA

Land Transport Authority

MAS

Monetary Authority of Singapore

NHB

National Heritage Board

NRF

National Research Foundation

NTUC

National Trades Union Congress

NUS

National University of Singapore

PA

People’s Association

PAP

People’s Action Party

PPS

Principal private secretaries

PSC

Public Service Commission

PTC

Public Transport Council

PUB

Public Utilities Board

RSIS

Rajaratnam School of International Studies

SCE

Singapore Cooperation Enterprise

SCP

Singapore Cooperation Program

SEZ

Special economic zone

SIMEX

Singapore International Monetary Exchange

SIT

Singapore Improvement Trust

STB

Singapore Tourism Board

SWF

Sovereign wealth fund

URA

Urban Redevelopment Authority

VAT

Value added tax

VQS

Vehicle Quota System

WSQ

Workforce Qualification System