“I Am” (name of God)
Statements by which Jesus declared Himself; name of God
Exodus 3:14. I Am Who I Am.
John 6:35. I am the bread of life.
John 8:12. I am the light of the world.
John 8:57–58. Before Abraham was, I am.
John 10:7–9. I am the gate.
John 10:11. I am the good shepherd.
Ichabod (name)
A word meaning “no glory”; a name given to the son of Phinehas after the Philistines took the ark of the covenant
1 Samuel 4:19–22. Ichabod is born.
1 Samuel 14:2–3. Ichabod’s nephew
Identity (character, personality, uniqueness)
Characteristics by which a person or thing is recognized or known
Genesis 10:5. An identity for each nation
Genesis 27:23. Faking Esau’s identity
Genesis 45. Joseph reveals his identity.
1 Peter 2:10. No identity at first
Idleness (lazy, unemployment, without substance)
Not employed or busy; insubstantial
Deuteronomy 32:47. Idle talk
Proverbs 31:27. Bread of idleness
Ecclesiastes 10:18. Idleness of hands
1 Timothy 5:13. A habit of idleness
Idol(s) (false god)
An image used as an object of worship
Exodus 34:17. Don’t make idols.
Deuteronomy 7:26. A disgusting idol
Judges 8:27. Gideon’s idol
Judges 17:3–6. Micah’s idol
2 Kings 21:7. Manasseh’s idol
Psalm 106:19. Worshiping an idol
Idolatry (worshiping false gods)
Idol worship
Exodus 20:3–5. Idolatry is forbidden.
Joshua 24:2. Idol worship long ago
1 Kings 12:28–31. Jeroboam ushers in idolatry.
Jeremiah 44:5–6. Israel’s idolatry
Hosea 13:1–2. Guilty of idolatry
Ignorance (lacking in knowledge, unawareness)
The condition of being unaware, uninformed, and uneducated
Ezekiel 45:20. Sins of ignorance
Acts 3:17. Acting in ignorance
Acts 17:30. Acting in ignorance of people in the world
Ephesians 4:17–18. Ignorance of people in the world
1 Peter 2:15. Silence the ignorance of foolish people
Ignore (disregard, overlook)
Refuse to pay attention to
Leviticus 5:2–4. Ignore and be guilty.
Leviticus 20:4–5. Ignore them at your peril.
Joshua 23:16. Ignore God and face His anger.
Nehemiah 4:4–5. Don’t ignore their guilt, God.
Esther 3:3. Why do you ignore this?
Illegitimacy (unlawful)
A birth out of wedlock
Deuteronomy 23:2. Illegitimate son
Hosea 5:7. Illegitimate births
John 8:41. Jews claim they are not illegitimate.
Illness (see Disease; Sickness)
Illumination (clarification, enlightenment, explanation)
Enlightening intellectually or spiritually
Psalm 119:18. Asking for illumination
Luke 24:45. Jesus provides illumination on the Scriptures.
John 14:26. The Holy Spirit will bring illumination.
Ephesians 1:16–17. Praying for illumination
Hebrews 4:12. Scriptures pierce and illuminate.
Image (copy, idol, likeness)
To make or produce a likeness of; a reproduction of an object; a mental picture of something real
Genesis 5:3. In Adam’s image
Job 4:16. A vague image
Jeremiah 44:19. Image of the queen of heaven
Acts 17:29. Images made from gold, silver, or stone
1 Corinthians 13:12. A blurred image
2 Corinthians 3:18. Changed into Christ’s image
Image of God (likeness)
Something created with the characteristics of God or bearing His likeness
Genesis 1:26–27. Made in God’s image
Genesis 9:6. In the image of God
Romans 5:14. An image of the one to come (Jesus)
Romans 8:29. In the image of God’s Son
1 Corinthians 11:7. God’s image and glory
2 Corinthians 4:4. Christ is God’s image.
Imitate/Imitation (custom, routine, tendency)
Recurrent, often unconscious pattern of behavior
Luke 10:37. Imitate a good example.
1 Corinthians 4:16. Imitate Paul.
1 Corinthians 11:1. Imitate Christ.
Ephesians 5:1–2. Imitate God.
2 Thessalonians 3:7. Imitate a disciplined life.
Hebrews 13:7. Imitate the faith of leaders.
Immanuel (name)
Hebrew name meaning “God with us”
Isaiah 7:14. God with us
Isaiah 8:8. O Immanuel
Matthew 1:20–23. Name him Immanuel.
Immaturity (childishness, irresponsibility)
Not fully grown or developed
Isaiah 3:12. Oppressed by the immature
1 Corinthians 13:11. We were once immature.
1 Corinthians 14:20. Don’t be spiritually immature.
Ephesians 4:14. No longer immature
Hebrews 5:11–13. Still babies
Imminence (nearness, proximity)
Something about to occur
Matthew 24:2–3. Wondering about the imminence of Jesus’ prediction
John 21:22–23. Mistaking the imminence of Jesus’ return
Philippians 4:5. The imminence of God
2 Timothy 4:1. The imminence of Jesus’ return
2 Peter 3:11–12. The imminence of the day of God
Immolation (death, fire, sacrifice)
Death by fire
Genesis 19:24–26. Immolation of Sodom, Gomorrah, and their inhabitants
Leviticus 10:1–2. Immolation of Nadab and Abihu
Psalm 106:18. Immolation of the wicked
Matthew 3:11–12. Immolation of the old life
2 Peter 3:7. Immolation of heaven, earth, and the ungodly
Immorality (decadence, sin, wickedness)
Living in a manner contrary to established moral principles
Judges 19. Immorality of worthless men
Psalm 12:8. When immorality increases
Jeremiah 3:9. Israel’s immorality
Romans 13:13. Outing immorality
Immortality (living forever)
Endless life or existence
Proverbs 12:28. The pathway to immortality
Romans 2:7. God gives immortality.
1 Corinthians 15:53–54. Clothed with immortality
1 Timothy 6:15–16. God’s immortality
Immunity (invulnerability, protection, resistance)
Resistance to infection; exemption from legal duties, penalties, or liabilities
Numbers 5:19. An immunity to ill effects
Romans 1:28–32. An immunity to God
2 Corinthians 4:3. An immunity to the gospel
Impatience (haste, hurry, rashness)
An inability to tolerate delay
Numbers 21:4–5. Impatience leads to criticism.
Job 4:2, 5. Impatience and panic
Job 21:4. Shouldn’t I be impatient?
Micah 2:7. Is God impatient?
Zechariah 11:8. Impatient with the sheep
Imperfection (see Blemish)
Impetuous (hasty, impulsive, reckless)
Marked by sudden forceful energy or emotion; impulsive and passionate
2 Samuel 11:2–4. Impetuous behavior
Job 6:3. Impetuous words
Habakkuk 1:6. Imminent invasion of an impetuous nation
Importance (significance, value, worth)
Someone or something of significance
Genesis 48:19. The importance of Ephraim and Manasseh
Exodus 18:22. Moses to judge only cases of importance
Leviticus 16:31. Atonement: the most important festival
Esther 9:28. Importance of these days
John 3:30. Increasing in importance
1 Corinthians 15:3. The gospel is of first importance.
Impossible (impracticable, unattainable)
Incapable of existing or occurring; not capable of being accomplished
Genesis 20:18. Impossible to have children
Exodus 32:9. They are impossible.
Exodus 34:8–9. Acknowledging the impossibility of dealing with Israel
Psalm 142:4. Escape is impossible.
Matthew 19:26. Impossible to save themselves
Luke 1:37. Nothing is impossible for God.
Romans 8:3. Impossible to meet God’s standards
Impostor(s) (fake, fraud)
One who engages in deception under an assumed name or identity
Joshua 9. The Gibeonites are impostors.
1 Kings 14:1–6. An impostor
Matthew 7:15. False prophets are impostors.
2 Corinthians 6:8. Regarded as an impostor
2 Timothy 3:12–13. Evil impostors
Impotence (helplessness, powerlessness, weakness)
Lacking physical strength; incapable of sexual intercourse
1 Kings 1:4. Concern and impotence
Ecclesiastes 12:5. Signs of old age and impotence
Imprecation (see Curse[s])
Impressions (name)
Effects, feelings, or images retained as consequences of an experience
Deuteronomy 6:7. Cause God’s commandments to have an impression on your kids.
1 Kings 10. Solomon makes a deep impression on the queen of Sheba.
Ecclesiastes 9:13. Wisdom’s impression
Impulsive behavior (impetuous, reckless, spontaneous acts)
Hasty, thoughtless behavior that sometimes leads to bad consequences
Judges 14. Samson’s impulsive behavior
1 Samuel 25. David’s impulsive behavior, part 1
2 Samuel 11. David’s impulsive behavior, part 2
2 Samuel 13. Amnon’s impulsive behavior
Proverbs 14:29. Impulsive behavior exalts folly.
Impurity (contamination, pollution, uncleanness)
In a state of ritual uncleanness; contaminated
Leviticus 14:19. Cleansed from an impurity
Leviticus 15:19. Monthly impurity
Leviticus 20:21. An act of impurity
Ezra 9:10–11. Impurity affects the land.
Matthew 23:27. Full of impurity
In the war room (battle plans)
Discussions between leaders about troops, strategy, and war
Numbers 21:21–35. God’s counsel about soldiers marching ahead of the Israelites
Joshua 1. God’s counsel about the upcoming wars in Canaan
Judges 4. Counsel of war between Deborah and Barak
1 Samuel 15. Counsel of war between Samuel and Saul
Ephesians 6:10–20. Paul’s advice about spiritual war
Inadequacy (insufficiency, lack, shortage)
Not adequate to fulfill a need or requirement
Exodus 4:10. Moses feels inadequate.
Judges 6:1–15. Gideon feels inadequate.
Isaiah 6:5. Isaiah feels inadequate.
Jeremiah 1:6–7. Jeremiah feels inadequate.
Hebrews 10:1–14. Animal sacrifices were inadequate to take away sin.
Incarceration (imprisoned)
Confined; placed in prison
Genesis 39:19–23. Joseph is incarcerated.
Genesis 42:14–17. Joseph’s brothers are incarcerated.
Matthew 11:2–3. John is incarcerated.
Acts 4:1–3. Peter and John are incarcerated.
Acts 12. Peter is incarcerated again.
Acts 16:22–40. Paul and Silas are incarcerated.
Incarnation (in flesh)
God taking on human flesh
Luke 1:30–33. Incarnation announcement
John 1:1–18. Incarnation of the Word
1 Corinthians 15:45–47. Jesus as a second Adam
Galatians 4:4. Incarnation of God’s Son
Philippians 2:7. Jesus’ willingness to be human
Incense (spices and oils)
Aromatic spices burned in the temple and tabernacle to produce a pleasant odor
Exodus 25:3–6. Contributions for incense
Exodus 30:1–10. An altar for burning incense
Exodus 30:34–38. Recipe for incense
Leviticus 2:1–2. An offering with incense
Leviticus 16. Atonement offering with incense
Incest (sexual sin)
Sexual relations between persons closely related
Genesis 19:30–38. Lot and his daughters
Leviticus 18:6–18. Rules against incest
Leviticus 20:11–12. Death penalty for incest
Deuteronomy 27:22. Cursed for incest
1 Corinthians 5:1. Paul writes about incest in the church.
Inclination(s) (leaning, penchant, proclivity)
A tendency toward a certain condition
Genesis 6:5. Evil inclinations
Genesis 8:21. Man’s inclinations
Deuteronomy 31:21. Inclination of their behavior
Jeremiah 7:24. Stubborn inclinations
Income (profits, salary, wages)
Amount of money received during a period of time for labor or services or for the sale of property or goods
Genesis 47:22. Priests’ income
Numbers 18:21, 25–26. A tithe from every income
Deuteronomy 12:6. A tithe from every income
Ezra 4:13. Will rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem hurt the king’s income?
Ecclesiastes 5:10. Craving a bigger income?
Incompetence (ineptitude, lacking skill, useless)
Not qualified; inadequate or unsuited
1 Kings 18:26–27. Elijah mocks the incompetence of the Baal prophets.
Psalm 107:27. Disaster inspires incompetence.
Daniel 2. Nebuchadnezzar’s anger over the incompetence of his astrologers
Acts 19:13–16. Incompetent at exorcism
Inconsistent (conflicting, incompatible)
Displaying or marked by a lack of consistency
John 7:40–43. Inconsistency in a crowd
Acts 5:1–10. Peter calls Ananias on his inconsistency.
1 Corinthians 1:12–13. An inconsistency
Galatians 1:6–8. An inconsistent gospel
James 1:6. Doubting and inconsistency
Indecisiveness (irresolution, vacillation, wavering)
Prone to or characterized by indecision
Joshua 24:15. Joshua makes a decision, even if the people don’t.
1 Kings 18:21. Indecision of Israel
Matthew 27:18–21. Pilate’s indecision
Acts 4:21. Indecision of the authorities
Independence (autonomy, liberty, self-determination)
The state or quality of being independent; self-governance
Judges 18:7. Totally independent
Judges 21:25. Independent ways
2 Chronicles 21:8–10. A fight for independence
1 Corinthians 11:11. Not totally independent
Indescribable (beyond words)
Someone or something beyond description
Ezekiel 1. Ezekiel’s nearly indescribable vision
2 Corinthians 9:15. God’s grace is indescribable.
2 Corinthians 12. Paul’s indescribable vision
Revelation 15:1–2. John’s vision is almost beyond description.
Revelation 21:1–2. A city of indescribable beauty
Indictment (condemnation, denunciation)
A written statement charging a person with committing an offense
Job 42:7–10. God’s indictment of Job’s friends
Isaiah 13:11. God’s indictment against the wicked
Jeremiah 3:6–7. God’s indictment against Israel and Judah
Ezekiel 16:1–2. God’s indictment against Jerusalem
Matthew 23:33, 35–36. Jesus’ indictment against the Pharisees and scribes
Indifference (lack of interest, unconcern)
Not mattering one way or another; having no marked feeling for or against
Proverbs 1:32. Indifference destroys.
Isaiah 13:17–18. The Medes and Persians will be indifferent to Babylon’s plight.
Isaiah 49:14–16. God cannot be indifferent to his children.
Jeremiah 6:23. Judah will be invaded by an indifferent nation.
Jeremiah 13:14. God will show indifference, rather than compassion.
Indigestion (acid stomach, digestive disorder, dyspepsia)
Discomfort of illness resulting from an inability to digest something
Jeremiah 30:6. Fear and indigestion
Lamentations 1:20. Distress and indigestion
Nahum 2:10. Upset stomachs
1 Timothy 5:23. A cure for Timothy’s indigestion
Revelation 10:9–10. The scroll that gave John indigestion
Indignation (annoyance, righteous anger)
Anger roused by something unjust
Genesis 31:36–42. Jacob’s indignation at Laban’s accusation of theft
Psalm 78:49. God’s wrath and indignation
Psalm 119:53. Indignant over the wicked
Jeremiah 15:17. Jeremiah’s indignation
Nahum 1:6. Who can withstand God’s indignation?
Indolence (see Idleness, Laziness)
Indulgence (extravagance, lenience, treat)
Giving in to the desires and whims of someone
Exodus 32:6. Indulging in sin
Numbers 25:1. Indulging in immorality
Matthew 23:25. Self-indulgence
Galatians 5:13. Don’t use freedom to indulge in sin.
Colossians 2:23. Indulging the flesh
Industrious (diligent)
Assiduous in work or study
1 Kings 11:28. Industrious Jeroboam
2 Kings 23. Josiah is industrious.
Ezra 7:10. Industrious Ezra
Nehemiah 4:7. Anger at the industrious workers
Proverbs 6:6–8. The industrious ant
Inebriation (see Drinking)
Inequity (see Sin[s])
Inexperience (naiveté, immaturity, rawness)
Lack of knowledge gained from experience
Judges 2:10. Inexperience with the ways of the Lord
1 Samuel 3:7. Samuel is inexperienced about God.
1 Samuel 17:38–39. Inexperienced with battle armor
2 Kings 12:2. Helping an inexperienced king
Infallible (flawless, perfect)
Incapable of error
2 Samuel 22:31. Infallible God
Psalm 19:7. Infallible teachings
Acts 1:3. Infallible proofs
2 Timothy 3:16. Scriptures point out our fallibility.
Infant (baby, child, toddler)
A child in infancy
Numbers 11:12. As a nurse carries an infant
Numbers 12:12. Like a stillborn infant
Isaiah 11:8. Infants and cobras
Isaiah 65:20. No longer a premature death for infants
Luke 2:12. An infant in a manger
Infanticide (abortion, death, murder)
Killing an infant
Exodus 1. Infanticide in Egypt
Leviticus 20:1–2. Condemning infanticide by sacrifice
2 Kings 6:28–30. Infanticide in Samaria
Lamentations 2:20. Confronting God about infanticide during a famine
Matthew 2:16–18. Infanticide in Bethlehem
Infatuation (fascination, obsession, passion)
An unreasoning or extravagant passion
Genesis 34. Shechem’s infatuation
Genesis 39:7–20. The infatuation of the wife of Potiphar
Judges 14:1–2. Samson’s infatuation
2 Samuel 13. Amnon’s infatuation
Ezekiel 23. Metaphor of the infatuation of Samaria and Jerusalem
Inferiority (inadequacy, lowliness, weakness)
Second-rate; persistent sense of inadequacy or a tendency toward self-diminishment
Judges 6:14–15. Gideon feels inferior.
1 Samuel 9:19–21. Saul feels inferior.
Job 12:3. Job is not inferior.
Daniel 2:39. An inferior kingdom
2 Corinthians 11:6. Paul doesn’t feel inferior.
Infertility (barren, childlessness, unproductiveness)
Inability to have a child
Genesis 16:1–2. An infertile Sarai tries to gain children another way.
Genesis 30. Rachel’s infertility
Exodus 23:25–26. No infertility
1 Samuel 1. Hannah’s infertility
2 Kings 2:20–21. A cure for infertility
Luke 1:7. Elizabeth’s infertility
Infidelity (betrayal, disloyalty, unfaithfulness)
Unfaithfulness to a sexual partner, particularly a spouse
Numbers 5:11–19. Infidelity test
Numbers 14:33. Israel’s infidelity
Judges 19:2–3. Infidelity of a concubine
2 Chronicles 30:7. Infidelity of ancestors
Ezekiel 23. Metaphor of Israel’s infidelity
Infinite (endless, inestimable, vast)
Having no boundaries or limits; immeasurably great or large
Job 36:26. God’s infinite years
Psalm 147:5. God’s infinite understanding
Romans 11:33. God’s infinite riches, wisdom, and knowledge
Ephesians 3:10. God’s infinite wisdom
Philippians 3:8. Infinite value of knowing Christ
Infirmity (see Disease; Sickness)
Influence (authority, power)
The ability to affect indirectly or intangibly
Proverbs 20:1. Under the influence
Romans 3:19. Influenced by Moses’ Teachings (the Law)
Romans 6:2. Sin’s influence
Romans 7:5. Influence of the corrupt nature
Colossians 2:20. The world’s influence
Inform (enlighten, tell)
To impart information to; make aware
Ruth 4:3–4. Just to inform you
1 Samuel 22:17. Uninformed Saul
Ezra 4:14–15. A letter to inform the king
Esther 4:8. Informing Esther
Jeremiah 51:31. Informing the king
Ingratitude (thanklessness, ungratefulness)
Lack of gratitude
Numbers 14. Israel’s ingratitude
Psalm 109:4–5. Attitude of ingratitude
Ezekiel 16:17–18. Ingratitude and adultery of the people of Jerusalem
Luke 17:11–18. Ingratitude of nine lepers
2 Timothy 3. Ingratitude in the last days
Inheritance (bequest, birthright, heritage, legacy)
Something inherited or regarded as a heritage
Genesis 21:10. Isaac’s inheritance
Deuteronomy 18:2. The Lord is the Levites’ inheritance.
Joshua 13:6–7. Land as an inheritance
Psalm 2:8. Inheriting nations
Luke 12:13–14. Jesus not the judge of inheritances
Iniquity (see Evil; Sin[s])
Initiative (ingenuity, plan, resourcefulness)
The power or ability to begin or follow through energetically with a plan or task
Numbers 25:6–13. Rewarding Phinehas’s initiative
1 Corinthians 9:17. Not from Paul’s own initiative
2 Corinthians 8:17. Titus’s initiative
2 Peter 1:20–21. Human initiative
Injure (damage, harm, hurt)
To cause physical harm to someone or something
Exodus 21:22–25. Injuring a pregnant woman
Proverbs 8:36. If you sin, you injure yourself.
Zechariah 12:3. Injure Jerusalem, injure yourself.
Luke 10:18–19. You won’t be injured.
Revelation 9:19. Horses that injure
Injustice (bias, inequality, unfairness)
Violation of another person’s rights or of what’s right
Job 6:29–30. Don’t permit injustice.
Psalm 7:3–5. Consequences of injustice
Proverbs 13:11. Wealth and injustice
Proverbs 22:8. Planting injustice
Amos 5:10. On the side of injustice
Inn(s) (public house)
Public lodging house serving food and drink to travelers
Genesis 42:27. Before there were established inns
Luke 2:6–7. No room in the inn
Luke 10:33–34. Taking an injured man to the inn
Acts 28:15. Three Inns
Innocence (blamelessness, purity, virtue)
The state of being uncorrupted by evil, malice, or wrongdoing
Genesis 18:23–33. The innocent and the guilty
Genesis 20:4–5. Abimelech’s innocence
Exodus 23:7. Don’t kill the innocent.
1 Samuel 25:26. Kept from shedding innocent blood
Psalm 17:2. Verdict of innocence
Psalm 26:6. Washing hands in innocence
Inquire (ask, query, question)
To seek information by asking a question
Genesis 25:22. Rebekah inquires of the Lord.
Deuteronomy 17:9–10. Inquire of the priests and judge.
Joshua 9:14. Failure to inquire of God
Judges 18:5. Inquiring about a journey
1 Samuel 9:9. Prophets inquire of God.
Insanity (madness, mental illness)
Persistent mental disorder or derangement
Deuteronomy 28:15, 28. Curse of insanity
1 Samuel 21:12–15. David fakes insanity.
Ecclesiastes 2:12. Studying insanity
Zechariah 12:4. Struck with insanity
2 Peter 2:15–16. Balaam’s insanity
Insect(s) (ant, bug, creature, pest)
Any of the numerous small arthropod animals of the class Insecta
Leviticus 11:20–23. Clean and unclean insects
Deuteronomy 14:19. Swarming, winged insects
Malachi 3:11. Stopping the insects
Insecurity (anxiety, lacking confidence, timidity)
Lacking emotional stability; inadequately guarded
Psalm 37:9–11. The hope of the insecure
Psalm 94:18. A place of insecurity
Proverbs 27:24. Insecurity of wealth
John 15:7. Help for the insecure
1 John 4:1–3. Help for discernment insecurity
Insensitive (inconsiderate, unfeeling, unsympathetic)
Lacking in sensitivity to the feelings or circumstances of others
Genesis 38:8–10. God ends the life of an insensitive man.
Exodus 5:6–11. Pharaoh is insensitive to the Israelites.
Deuteronomy 15:9. Insensitivity to the poor is condemned.
1 Samuel 1:13–14. Eli is insensitive to Hannah’s plight.
Psalm 119:69–70. Cold and insensitive
Lamentations 1:2. Insensitivity to Jerusalem’s plight
Luke 13:14–16. Jesus is appalled at the insensitivity of a synagogue leader.
Insincerity (see Hypocrisy)
Insomnia (restlessness, sleeplessness)
Chronic inability to fall asleep or remain asleep for a length of time
Esther 6:1. Xerxes’s insomnia
Psalm 22:2. Unable to sleep
Psalm 77:2. Up all night
Ecclesiastes 2:22–23. No rest at night
Daniel 6:18–19. Darius’s insomnia
Inspiration of Scriptures (see Bible)
Instinct (feeling, impulse, nature)
An inborn characteristic of a species that is often a response to specific environmental stimuli
Proverbs 1:17. A bird’s instinct
Proverbs 30:27. Instinct of locusts
Isaiah 1:3. Animal instincts
2 Peter 2:12–13. Creatures of instinct
Jude 10. Watch out for the instincts of the destructive.
Instruction (education, teaching, training)
Imparted knowledge
Exodus 24:12. For the people’s instruction
2 Chronicles 17:7–9. Instruction in Judah
Job 22:21–22. Accept God’s instruction.
Proverbs 19:27. A father’s instruction
Lamentations 2:9. No instruction
Malachi 2:7. Seek instruction from a priest.
Instrument(s) (equipment, musical, tool)
A tool for making music or performing a task
Psalm 92:2–3. Ten-stringed instrument
Isaiah 8:7. Assyria is God’s instrument.
Acts 9:15–16. God’s chosen instrument
2 Timothy 2:21. An instrument for a noble purpose
Insubordination (defiance, disobedience, rebelliousness)
Lack of submission to authority
1 Timothy 1:8–9. The lawless and the insubordinate
Titus 1:6. Children accused of insubordination
Titus 1:10–11. Insubordinate, idle talkers
Insult(s) (affront, offend, upset)
To treat with gross insensitivity
Psalm 4:2. You insult my honor.
Psalm 44:15–16. Those who insult and slander us
Psalm 69:9. Insults from the enemy
Psalm 74:22. Insults of godless fools
Ezekiel 8:17. Judah insults God.
Matthew 5:11. Blessed are you when people insult you.
Insurrection (anarchy, civil disobedience, rebellion)
An attempt to overthrow the ruling authorities
2 Samuel 20. Sheba’s insurrection
Ezra 4:19. A history of insurrection?
Psalm 55:9–11. Insurrection in the city
Psalm 64:2. Hide me from insurrectionists.
Luke 23:18–19, 25. In prison for insurrection
Integration (amalgamation, assimilation, incorporation)
Making a whole by bringing all parts together; unifying
Acts 2. The Holy Spirit causes integration.
1 Corinthians 12:12–13. Integrated in one body
Revelation 7:9–10. Integration in heaven
Integrity (honesty, honor, reliability)
Steadfast adherence to a strict ethical code
Genesis 6:9. Noah: a man of integrity
Genesis 17:1. Live with integrity.
Deuteronomy 18:13. Have integrity.
Joshua 24:14. Serve God with integrity.
Job 1:1. Job’s integrity.
Psalm 25:21. Protected by integrity
2 Peter 1:3–5. Add integrity.
Intelligence (aptitude, cleverness, intellect)
The capacity to acquire and apply knowledge
Genesis 41:33, 39. Joseph’s intelligence
Deuteronomy 1:13. Choose intelligent men.
Job 34:2. Listen, intelligent men.
Proverbs 17:28. Silence and intelligence
Daniel 1:3–4. Looking for intelligent men
Intemperance (see Drinking, Gluttony)
Intentions (goals, purposes, plans)
Courses one intends to follow; aims that guide action
Deuteronomy 31:21. Knowing their intentions
1 Kings 8:18–19. Good intentions
Proverbs 12:2. Wicked intentions
Proverbs 14:17. Wicked intentions
Hebrews 4:12. Judging a person’s intentions
Intercession (prayer)
Petitioning God
Isaiah 53:12. God’s servant intercedes for the rebellious.
Jeremiah 7:16. Don’t make intercession.
Jeremiah 27:18. Prophets should intercede.
Romans 8:26–27. The Holy Spirit makes intercession.
Interim activities (intervening, short-term, temporary)
Activities taking place in the interim between major events
1 Samuel 16–2 Samuel 5:5. In the interim between being anointed king and taking the throne, David was on the run from Saul.
Amos 8:11. In the interim between the present and the coming judgment of God, there will be silence from God.
Malachi 4:5–6. In the interim of waiting for the Messiah, a new Elijah will come.
2 Corinthians 2:1–3. In the interim between the writing of 1 and 2 Corinthians, Paul elects not to visit.
Intermarriage (endogamy, marriage)
Marrying someone from another clan or nation
Genesis 34:8–9. Hamor suggests intermarriage.
Deuteronomy 7:2–4. Never intermarry with the nations in the Promised Land.
Joshua 23:12–13. Intermarriage is forbidden.
1 Kings 11:1–2. Solomon breaks God’s commandment against intermarriage.
Ezra 9:14. Ezra prays about intermarriage.
Ezra 10:18–19. Vowing to right the wrong of intermarriage
Intermediary (liaison, mediator)
Acting as a mediator or an agent between persons or things
Exodus 18:15–16. Moses acts as an intermediary.
1 Samuel 19:1–3. Jonathan acts as an intermediary for David.
2 Samuel 3:12. Messengers act as intermediaries for Abner.
Esther 10:3. Mordecai acts as an intermediary.
Proverbs 31:8–9. Act as an intermediary.
Interpretation (analysis, explanation, understanding)
An explanation of a work; an exegesis
Genesis 40:22. Reality of Joseph’s interpretation
1 Corinthians 12:10. Interpretation of tongues
1 Corinthians 14:13. Language interpretation
1 Peter 1:10. The prophets’ own interpretation?
Intimacy (closeness, familiarity, relationship)
The condition of being intimate; marked by close acquaintance, association, or familiarity
Proverbs 3:32. Intimate advice
Job 19:19. Job’s intimate friends
Job 29:4. God’s intimate friendship
Hosea 3:3. Avoid intimacy.
John 15:14. Intimacy with Christ
Intimidation (bullying, pressure, threats)
Making someone timid by the use of threats or coercion
1 Samuel 17:4–9. Goliath’s intimidation
2 Kings 18:28–35. Assyrian intimidation
Nehemiah 6:9, 13–14. Intimidation of the enemies to the wall-building effort
Isaiah 41:23–24. Intimidation from idols
Philippians 1:28. Intimidation from opponents
Intoxication (see Drinking)
Introspection (self-examination)
Contemplation of one’s own thoughts, feelings, and sensations
Psalm 7:9. Let God examine thoughts, rather than self-examining.
Psalm 19:14. Let thoughts be God pleasing, rather than introspective.
1 Corinthians 4:3. Paul avoids introspection.
2 Corinthians 10:5. Corral thoughts, rather than giving in to introspection.
Philippians 4:8. The cure for morbid introspection
Invasion (attack, foray, offensive)
The act of invading, especially the entrance of an armed force into a territory to conquer
Exodus 10:1–20. Invasion of locusts
Deuteronomy 28. Invasion—one of the curses of disobedience
Joshua 6. The invasion of the Promised Land begins at Jericho.
1 Samuel 30:14. An invasion of the southern area
2 Kings 25. Invasion and destruction of Jerusalem
Invention (creation, discovery, finding)
A new device, method, or process developed from study and experimentation
Psalm 58:2. Inventing new crimes
Daniel 11:23–24. Invention of the invading ruler
Amos 6:1, 5. Inventing musical instruments
Micah 2:1. Inventing trouble
Romans 1:29–31. Inventing ways of doing evil
Inventory (account, list, record)
A detailed itemized record of things in one’s possession; a periodic survey of all goods and materials in stock
Exodus 25:3–7. Inventory of items needs for the tabernacle
Exodus 38:21. Inventory of materials used for the tabernacle (tent of meeting)
1 Kings 10:14–29. An inventory of Solomon’s wealth
2 Kings 20:13. Hezekiah shows off his inventory.
Ezra 1:7–11. Inventory of temple utensils
Investigation (analysis, examination, study)
A detailed inquiry or systematic examination
Deuteronomy 13:13–15. Make a thorough investigation.
Deuteronomy 17:2–4. Investigate thoroughly.
Deuteronomy 19:16–19. Investigate false witnesses.
Ezra 10:10, 16. Investigate the problem of intermarriage.
Proverbs 25:2. Kings must investigate.
Investment (asset, outlay, time)
An amount invested; a commitment, as of time
Matthew 6:20. A heavenly investment
Matthew 16:24. Investing in Jesus
Luke 19:11–27. A parable about investments
Invisible (see Unseen)
Invitation (call, request, summons)
A request for someone’s presence or participation
Exodus 2:20–21. An invitation to supper
Exodus 34:15. Refuse this invitation.
1 Chronicles 13:1–3. An invitation to bring back the ark
Matthew 22:8–10. Invitation in a parable
Luke 11:37. An invitation to the home of a Pharisee
Revelation 3:20. An invitation to open the door
Iraq (country)
Country of southwest Asia with Baghdad as its capital
Genesis 10:11–12. Building cities in what is now Iraq
Genesis 11:31. Leaving Ur (Iraq)
Genesis 29:1. Jacob travels east (Iraq).
Daniel 1. Daniel and the Israelites are taken captive to Babylon (Iraq).
Jonah 3:1–2. Jonah is sent to Nineveh (Iraq).
Iron (metal)
Malleable, ductile, magnetic or magnetizable metallic element occurring abundantly in ores
Genesis 4:22. Iron tools
Numbers 31:22–23. Put iron through the fire.
Numbers 35:16. Use of iron weapons constitutes murder.
Deuteronomy 3:11. An iron bed
Proverbs 27:17. Iron sharpens iron.
Isaiah 44:12. Blacksmiths shape iron.
Irony (biting wit, mockery, sarcasm, satire)
The use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning
2 Samuel 6:20. Michal’s use of irony
Job 12:1–2. Job’s use of irony
Ezekiel 16:17. The irony of a gift misused
Ezekiel 28:3–5. Irony about the king of Tyre
Matthew 22:15–16. The Pharisees’ use of irony
Irresponsible (careless, immature, reckless)
Not reliable or trustworthy
Exodus 16:19–20. Irresponsibility leads to problems.
Judges 16. Samson’s irresponsibility leads to tragedy.
1 Samuel 15. Saul’s irresponsible behavior causes regret in God.
2 Samuel 11. One irresponsible act leads to another.
Luke 15:11–13. An irresponsible lifestyle
Irreverent (disrespectful, satirical)
Lacking proper respect or seriousness for what is sacred
Exodus 20:7. Irreverent use of God’s name is prohibited.
Leviticus 10:1–2. Irreverence leads to death.
2 Samuel 6:6–7. Uzzah’s irreverence
John 8:48–49. The Jews’ irreverence
Irrevocable (final, immutable, irreversible, unalterable)
Impossible to retract or revoke
Esther 1:19. An irrevocable law ousts Vashti.
Esther 8:8. An irrevocable edict
Daniel 6:8–9. Irrevocable law of the Medes and Persians
Romans 11:29. Irrevocable gifts and calling
Galatians 3:15. An irrevocable agreement
Irrigation (watering)
Supplying dry land with water by means of ditches or streams
Genesis 2:5–6. Natural irrigation
Deuteronomy 11:10. Irrigated like a vegetable garden
Ecclesiastes 2:6. Irrigation for the trees
Isaiah 58:11. Irrigation as a figure of speech
1 Corinthians 3:6–8. Metaphorical irrigation
Irritation (annoyance, frustration, pain, vexation)
A condition of inflammation, soreness, or irritability of a body organ or part
Leviticus 13. Skin irritation
1 Samuel 1:6. Hannah’s irritation
Proverbs 10:26. Irritation caused by lazy workers
Proverbs 12:16. Irritation of a stubborn fool
Proverbs 27:3. Irritation caused by a stubborn fool
Islam (nation, religion)
The monotheistic religion based on the doctrine of submission to God and of Muhammad as the last prophet of God; the civilization based on Islam
Genesis 25:17–18. Ishmael is the ancestor of practitioners of Islam.
Galatians 4:22–26. Judeo-Christian beliefs and a precursor to Islamic beliefs
Isolation (seclusion, separation)
The act of isolating
Leviticus 13. Isolation and skin disease
Leviticus 15:31. Necessary isolation
Numbers 12:14–15. Miriam is kept in isolation.
Israel (nation, person)
The descendants of Jacob regarded as the chosen people of God
Genesis 32:28. Jacob’s name is changed to Israel.
Exodus 1. Jacob’s family becomes the nation of Israel.
Numbers 1. Numbering the people of Israel
1 Kings 11:30–33. The nation of Israel splits into two kingdoms.
Ezekiel 14. Israel’s idolatry
Matthew 10:23. Persecuted in Israel
Matthew 15:24. The lost sheep of Israel
Revelation 7:4–8. The sealed tribes of Israel
Ivory (tusks)
Hard, smooth, yellowish-white substance obtained from the tusks of elephants
1 Kings 10:18. Solomon’s ivory throne
1 Kings 10:22. Bringing back ivory
1 Kings 22:39. Ahab’s ivory palace
Psalm 45:8. Ivory palaces
Song of Songs 5:14. A chest like ivory
Ezekiel 27:6. A deck with ivory