AAA Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology
AASOR Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research
AB Anchor Bible
AB Assyriologische Bibliothek
ABC Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles. A. K. Grayson. TCS 5. Locust Valley, New York, 1975
ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary. D. N. Freedman. 6 vols. New York, 1992
ABL Assyrian and Babylonian Letters Belonging to the Kouyunjik Collections of the British Museum. R. F. Harper. 14 vols. Chicago, 1892–1914
ABR Australian Biblical Review
ABRL Anchor Bible Reference Library
AbrN Abr-Nahrain
ABS Arab Background Series
ACCS Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture
ACEBT Amsterdamse Cahiers voor Exegese en bijbelse Theologie
ADD Assyrian Deeds and Documents. C. H. W. Johns. 4 vols. Cambridge, 1898–1923
AEL Ancient Egyptian Literature. M. Lichtheim. 3 vols. Berkeley, 1971–1980
AfO Archiv für Orientforschung
AfOB Archiv für Orientforschung: Beiheft
ÄgAbh Ägyptologische Abhandlungen
AHw Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. W. von Soden. 3 vols. Wiesbaden, 1965–81
AJA American Journal of Archeology
AJBA Australian Journal of Biblical Archaeology
AJSLL American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literature
AMD Ancient Magic and Divination
AnBib Analecta biblica
ANEP The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament. J. B. Pritchard. Princeton, 1954
ANET Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. J. B. Pritchard. 3rd ed. Princeton, 1969
ANF Ante-Nicene Fathers
AnOr Analecta orientalia
AnSt Anatolian Studies
AO Antiquités orientales
AO Der Alte Orient
AOAT Alter Orient und Altes Testament
AOB Altorientalische Bilder zum Alten Testament
AOS American Oriental Series
AOTC Abingdon Old Testament Commentary
AOTS Archaeology and Old Testament Study. D. W. Thomas. Oxford, 1967
APOT Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament. Ed. R. H. Charles. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1913
ARAB Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia. Daniel David Luckenbill. 2 vols. Chicago, 1926–1927
Arch Archaeology
ARI Assyrian Royal Inscriptions. A. K. Grayson. 2 vols. RANE. Wiesbaden, 1972–1976
ARM Archives royales de Mari
ARMT Archives royales de Mari, transcrite et traduite
ArtH Art History
ARW Archiv für Religionswissenschaft
AS Assyriological Studies
ASJ Acta Sumerologica (Japan)
ASOR American Schools of Oriental Research
ASORDS American Schools of Oriental Research Dissertation Series
ASTI Annual of the Swedish Theological Institute
ATJ Ashland Theological Journal
AThR Anglican Theological Review
ATSDS Andrews Theological Seminary Dissertation Series
AuOr Aula orientalis
AUSDS Andrews University Seminary Dissertation Series
AUSS Andrews University Seminary Studies
AUU Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis
BA Biblical Archaeologist
BAIAS Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archeological Society
BAR Biblical Archaeology Review
BARead Biblical Archaeologist Reader
BASOR Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
BASORSup Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research: Supplement Series
BAW Bayerischen Akademie der Wissen
BBB Bonner biblische Beiträge
BBET Beiträge zur biblischen Exegese und Theologie
BBR Bulletin for Biblical Research
BBVO Berliner Beiträge zum Vorderen Orient
BCOTWP Baker Commentary on the Old Testament Wisdom and Psalms
BDB Brown, F., S. R. Driver, and C. A. Briggs. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford, 1907
BeO Bibbia e oriente
BES Bes
BETL Bibliotheca epheremeridum theologicarum lovaniensium
BETS Bulletin of the Evangelical Society
BHH Biblisch-historisches Handwörterbuch. B. Reicke and L. Rost. Göttingen, 1962–1966
Bib Biblica
BibOr Biblica et orientalia
BibSem Biblical Seminar
BibRes Biblical Research
BiOr Biblioteca Orientalis
BJRL Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester
BJS Brown Judaic Studies
BM British Museum
BN Biblische Notizen
BO Bibliotheca orientalis
BR Biblical Research
BRev Bible Review
BRM Babylonian Religion and Mythology
BSac Bibliotheca sacra
BSC Bible Student’s Commentary
BSOAS Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
BT Bible Translator
BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin
BWL Babylonian Wisdom Literature. W. G. Lambert. Oxford, 1960; reprinted Eisenbrauns, 1996
BZ Biblische Zeitschrift
BZABR Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für altorientalische und biblische Rechtsgeschichte
BZAW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago, 1956–
CAH Cambridge Ancient History
CahRB Cahiers de la Revue biblique
CANE Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. J. Sasson. 4 vols. New York, 1995
CAT Commentaire de l’Ancien Testament
CAT Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and Other Places. M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, and J. Sanmartin. Munster, 1997
CBC Cambridge Bible Commentary
CBET Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology
CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly
CBQMS Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series
CH Code of Hammurabi
CHANE Culture and History of the Ancient Near East
CHI Cambridge History of Iran. 7 vols. 1968–91
CIS Corpus inscriptionum semiticarum
CIS Corpus inscriptionum semiticarum
CJ Classical Journal
CL Code of Lipit-Ishtar
CML Canaanite Myths and Legends. G. R. Driver. Edinburgh, 1956. J. C. L. Gibson, 19782
CNI Carsten Niebuhr Institute
ConBOT Coniectanea biblica: Old Testament Series
COS The Context of Scripture. W. W. Hallo. 3 vols. Leiden, 1997–2002
CT Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum
CTA Corpus des tablettes en cunéiformes alphabétiques découvertes à Ras Shamra-Ugarit de 1929 à 1939. A. Herdner. Mission de Ras Shamra 10. Paris, 1963
CTH Catalogue des textes hittites
CTU The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani, and Other Places. M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, and J. Sanmartín. Münster, 1995
CU Code of Ur-Nammu
CurTM Currents in Theology and Mission
DANE Dictionary of the Ancient Near East
DBAT Dielheimer Blätter zum Alten Testament
DBI Dictionary of Biblical Imagery. T. Longman and L. Ryken. Downers Grove, 1998
DCH Dictionary of Classical Hebrew. D. J. A. Clines. Sheffield, 1993–
DDD Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. K. van der Toorn, B. Becking, and P. W. van der Horst. Leiden, 1995. 2nd ed., Grand Rapids, 1998
DISO Dictionnaire des inscriptions sémitiques de l’ouest. Ch. F. Jean and J. Hoftijzer. Leiden, 1965
DNWSI Dictionary of the North-West Semitic Inscriptions. J. Hoftijzer and K. Jongeling. 2 vols. Leiden, 1995
DOTHB Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books
DOTP Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch. T. D. Alexander and D. W. Baker. Downers Grove, 2003
DOTT Documents from Old Testament Times. D. W. Thomas, London, 1958
DSB Daily Study Bible
EA El-Amarna tablets. According to the edition of J. A. Knudtzon. Die el-Amarna-Tafeln. Leipzig, 1908–1915. Reprint, Aalen, 1964. Continued in A. F. Rainey, El-Amarna Tablets, 359–379. 2nd revised ed. Kevelaer, 1978
EA Epigraphica anatolica
EAEHL Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. M. Avi-Yonah. 4 vols. Jerusalem, 1975
EBC Expositor’s Bible Commentary
ECC Eerdmans Critical Commentary
EPRO Études préliminaires aux religions orientales
ErIsr Eretz-Israel
ET Evangelische Theologie
ETS Evangelical Theological Society
ETSS Evangelical Theological Society Studies
EvQ Evangelical Quarterly
EvTh Evangelische Theologie
FAOS Freiburger altorientalische Studien
FAT Forschungen zum Alten Testament
FB Forschungen zur Bibel
FCI Foundations in Contemporary Interpretation
FOTL Forms of the Old Testament Literature
GKC Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar. E. Kautzsch. Translated by A. E. Cowley. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1910
GM Göttinger Miszellen
GTTOT The Geographical and Topographical Texts of the Old Testament. J. J. Simons. Studia Francisci Scholten memoriae dicata 2. Leiden, 1959
HALOT The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. L. Koehler, W. Baumgartner, and J. J. Stamm. Translated and edited under the supervision of M. E. J. Richardson. 4 vols. Leiden, 1994–1999
HANEL History of Ancient Near Eastern Law. R. Westbrook. 2 vols. Leiden, 2003
HAR Hebrew Annual Review
HAT Handbuch zum Alten Testament
HBD HarperCollins Bible Dictionary
HBS Herders Biblische Studien
HCOT Historical Commentary on the Old Testament
HDR Harvard Dissertations in Religion
HKM Hethitische Keilschrifttafeln aus Masat. Ed. Sedat Alp. Ankara: Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, 1991
HL Hittite Laws
HO Handbuch der Orientalistik
HS Hebrew Studies
HSM Harvard Semitic Monographs
HSS Harvard Semitic Studies
HTR Harvard Theological Review
HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual
IB Interpreter’s Bible. G. A. Buttrick et al. 12 vols. New York, 1951–1957
IBC Interpretation Bible Commentary
IBD Illustrated Bible Dictionary. J. Douglas. 3 vols. Leicester, 1980
IBHS An Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax. B. K. Waltke and M. O’Connor. Winona Lake, 1990
ICC International Critical Commentary
IDB The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. G. A. Buttrick. 4 vols. Nashville, 1962
IDBSup The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible: Supplementary Volume. K. Crim. Nashville, 1976
IEJ Israel Exploration Journal
IOS Israel Oriental Society
IrAnt Iranica Antiqua
Iraq Iraq
IRT Issues in Religion and Theology
ISBE International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. G. W. Bromiley. 4 vols. Grand Rapids, 1979–1988
IVPBBC-OT IVP Bible Background Commentary on the OT. J. H. Walton, V. H. Matthews, and M. W. Chavalas. Downers Grove, 2000
JAGNES Journal of the Association of Graduate Near Eastern Studies (University of Berkeley)
JANESCU Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society of Columbia University
JAOS Journal of the American Oriental Society
JB Jerusalem Bible
JBL Journal of Biblical Literature
JCS Journal of Cuneiform Studies
JDS Judean Desert Studies
JEA Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
JEOL Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Gezelschap (Genootschap) Ex oriente lux
JESHO Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
JETS Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society
JJS Journal of Jewish Studies
JNES Journal of Near Eastern Studies
JNSL Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages
JPS Jewish Publication Society
JPSTC JPS Torah Commentary
JQR Jewish Quarterly Review
JR Journal of Religion
JRAS Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
JSem Journal of Semitics
JSJ Journal for the Study of Judaism (in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Periods)
JSOT Journal for the Study of the Old Testament
JSOTSup Journal for the Study of the Old Testament: Supplement Series
JSS Journal of Semitic Studies
JSSEA Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities
JTS Journal of Theological Studies
KAH Keilshrifttexte aus Assur historischen Inhalts
KAI Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften. H. Donner and W. Röllig. 2nd ed. Wiesbaden, 1966–1969
KAR Keilschrifttexte aus Assur religiösen Inhalts. E. Ebeling. Leipzig, 1919–1923
KAT Kommentar zum Alten Testament
KBo Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi
KHC Kurzer Hand-Kommentar zum Alten Testament
KTU Die keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit. M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, and J. Sanmartín. AOAT 24/1. Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1976. 2nd enlarged ed. of KTU: The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani, and Other Places. M. Dietrich, O. Loretz, and J. Sanmartín. Münster, 1995 (= CTU)
KUB Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazköi
LAE Literature of Ancient Egypt. W. K. Simpson. 3rd ed. New Haven, 2003
LAPO Litteratures anciennes du Proche-Orient
LBI Library of Biblical Interpretation
LCL Loeb Classical Library
LE Laws of Eshunna
Levant Levant
LH Laws of Hammurabi
LIMC Lexicon iconographicum mythologiae classicae. Edited by H. C. Ackerman and J.-R. Gisler. 8 vols. Zurich, 1981–1997
LL Laws of Lipit-Ishtar
LU Laws of Ur-Nammu
LXX Septuagint
Maarav Maarav
MAL Middle Assyrian Laws
MANE Monographs of the Ancient Near East
MAOG Mitteilungen der Altorientalischen Gesellschaft
MCAAS Memoires of the Connecticut Academy of Arts & Sciences
MARI Mari: Annales de recherches interdisciplinaires
MDOG Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft
MGWJ Monatschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums
MOS Midden-Oosten Studies
MSJ The Master’s Seminary Journal
Muses Before the Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature. Benjamin R. Foster. 2 vols. Bethesda, 1993
MVAG Mitteilungen der Vordersasiatisch-ägyptischen Gesellschaft. Vols. 1–44. 1896–1939
NAC New American Commentary
NBD New Bible Dictionary. J. D. Douglas and N. Hillyer. 2nd ed. Downers Grove, 1982
NBL Neo-Babylonian Laws
NCB New Century Bible
NCBC New Century Bible Commentary
NEA Near Eastern Archaeology
NEAEHL The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. E. Stern. 4 vols. Jerusalem, 1993
NEB New English Bible
NERT Near Eastern Religious Texts Relating to the Old Testament. W. Beyerlin. OTL. London, 1978
NGTT Nederduitse gereformeerde teologiese tydskrif
NIBC New International Bible Commentary
NIBCOT New International Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament
NICOT New International Commentary on the Old Testament
NIDBA New International Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. E. M. Blaiklock and R. K. Harrison. Grand Rapids, 1983
NIDOTTE New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis. W. A. VanGemeren. 5 vols. Grand Rapids, 1997
NIV New International Version
NIVAC NIV Application Commentary
NJPS Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures: The New JPS Translation according to the Traditional Hebrew Text
NRSV New Revised Standard Version
NSBT New Studies in Biblical Theology
NTOA Novum Testamentum et orbis antiquus
OBC Orientalia biblica et christiana
OBO Orbis biblicus et orientalis
OCD Oxford Classical Dictionary. S. Hornblower and A. Spawforth. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1996
OEAE The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. D. Redford. 3 vols. New York, 2001
OEANE The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. E. M. Meyers. 5 vols. New York, 1997
OIP Oriental Institute Publications
OLA Orientalia lovaniensia analecta
OLP Orientalia lovaniensia periodica
OLZ Orientalistische Literaturzeitung
Or Orientalia (NS)
OrAnt Oriens antiquus
OS Oudtestamentische studiën
OTE Old Testament Essays
OTG Old Testament Guides
OTL Old Testament Library
OTP Old Testament Pseudepigrapha. J. H. Charlesworth. 2 vols. Garden City, 1983, 1985
OTS Old Testament Studies
OTWSA Ou-Testamentiese Werkgemeenskap van Suid-Afrika
OtSt Oudtestamentische Studiën
PAPS Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
PBS Publications of the Babylonian Section
PEQ Palestine Exploration Quarterly
POTT Peoples of Old Testament Times. D. J. Wiseman. Oxford, 1973
POTW Peoples of the Old Testament World. A. Hoerth, G. Mattingly and E. Yamauchi. Grand Rapids, 1994
PRU Le palais royal d’Ugarit
PT Pyramid Texts
RA Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale
RAI Recontre assyriologique internationale
RANE Records of the Ancient Near East
RANE Readings from the Ancient Near East. B. Arnold and B. Beyer. Grand Rapids, 2002
RB Revue biblique
RevB Revue de Qumran
RevistB Revista bíblica
RGG Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart. K. Galling. 7 vols. 3rd ed. Tübingen, 1957–65
RHA Revue hittite et asianique
RHPR Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuse
RHR Revue de l’histoire des religions
RIDA Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité
RIM The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Project. Toronto
RIMA The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Assyrian Periods
RIMB The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Babylonian Periods
RIME The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Early Periods
RISA Royal Inscriptions of Sumer and Akkad. G. A. Barton. New Haven, 1929
RivB Rivista biblica italiana
RlA Reallexikon der Assyriologie. Erich Ebeling et al. Berlin, 1928–
RQ Römische Quartalschrift für christliche Altertumskunde und Kirchengeschichte
RS Ras Shamra
RSP Ras Shamra Parallels
SAA State Archives of Assyria
SAALT State Archives of Assyria Literary Texts
SAAS State Archives of Assyria Studies
SAOC Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations
SBAB Stuttgarter biblische Aufsatzbände
SBAW Sitzungsberichte der bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
SBB Stuttgarter biblische Beiträge
SBC Student Bible Commentary
SBFLA Studii biblici Franciscani liber annus
SBH Sumerische-babylonische Hymnen nach Thonafeln griechischer Zeit. G. A. Reisner. Berlin, 1896
SBLABS Society of Biblical Literature Archaeology and Biblical Studies
SBLDS Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series
SBLMS Society of Biblical Literature Monograph Series
SBLRBS Society of Biblical Literature Resources for Biblical Study
SBLSP Society of Biblical Literature Seminar Papers
SBLSymS Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series
SBLWAW Society of Biblical Literature Writings from the Ancient World
SBONT Sacred Books of the Old and New Testament
SBT Studes in Biblical Theology
SBTS Sources for Biblical and Theological Study
SC Sources chrétiennes. Paris, 1943–
ScrHier Scripta hierosolymitana
SDOAP Studia et Documenta ad Iura Orientis Antiqui Pertinentia
SE Studies in Egyptology
SemeiaSt Semeia Studies
SHANE Studies in the History of the Ancient Near East
SHCANE Studies in the History and Culture of the Ancient Near East
SHJPLI Studies in the History of the Jewish People and the Land of Israel
SHR Studies in the History of Religion
SJLA Studies in Judaism in Late Antiquity
SJOT Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament
SNN Studia Semitica Neerlandica
SO Symbolae osloenses
SOTSMS Society for Old Testament Studies Monograph Series
SSI Textbook of Syrian Semitic Inscriptions. 3 vols. Oxford, 1971–82
SSN Studia semitica neerlandica
SSS Semitic Study Series
ST Studia theologica
StBoT Studien zu den Boghazkoi Texten
StudOr Studia orientalia
Sumer Sumer: A Journal of Archaeology and History in Iraq
SWBA Social World of Biblical Antiquity
Syr Syria
TA Tel Avi
TAD Textbook of Aramaic Documents. B. Porten and A. Yardeni. 4 vols. Jerusalem, 1986–99
TAPS Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
TB Theologische Bücherei
TBC Texts from the Babylonian Collection (Yale)
TCL Textes cunéiforms. Musée du Louvre
TCS Texts from Cuneiform Sources
TDOT Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. G. J. Botterweck and H. Ringgren. Translated by J. T. Willis, G. W. Bromiley, and D. E. Green. 15 vols. Grand Rapids, 1974–
TGUOS Transactions of the Glascow University Oriental Society
Them Themelios
TJ Trinity Journal
TLOT Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament. E. Jenni, with assistance from C. Westermann. Translated by M. E. Biddle. 3 vols. Peabody, Mass., 1997
TOB Traduction Oecuménique de la Bible
TOTC Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries
Transeu Transeuphratène
TS Theological Studies
TSF Bulletin Theological Student’s Fellowship Bulletin
TSTT Toronto Semitic Texts and Studies
TWOT Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament. R. L. Harris, G. L. Archer Jr. 2 vols. Chicago, 1980
TynBul Tyndale Bulletin
TZ Theologische Zeitschrift
UBL Ugaritisch-biblische Literatur
UCOP University of Cambridge Oriental Publications
UF Ugarit-Forschungen
UNP Ugaritic Narrative Poetry. Simon B. Parker. SBLWAW 9. Atlanta, 1997
UT Ugaritic Textbook. C. H. Gordon. AnOr 38. Rome, 1965
VAB Vorderasiatische Bibliothek
VAT Vorderasiatische Abteilung Tontafel. Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin
VB Vorderasiatische Bibliothek
VT Vetus Testamentum
VTE Vassal Treaties of Esarhaddon
VTSup Vetus Testamentum Supplements
WBC Word Biblical Commentary
WHJP World History of the Jewish People
WO Die Welt des Orients
WOO Wiener Offene Oreintalistik
WTJ Westminster Theological Journal
WVDOG Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der deutschen Orientgesellschaft
WZKM Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes
YNER Yale New Eastern, Researches
YOS Yale Oriental Series, Texts
ZA Zeitschrift für Assyriologie
ZABR Zeitschrift für altorientalische und biblische Rechtgeschichte
ZÄS Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde
ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
ZDMG Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft
ZDPV Zeitschrift des deutschen Palästina-Vereins
ZKT Zeitschrift für katholische Theologie
ZNW Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft
ZPEB Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible. M. C. Tenney. 5 vols. Grand Rapids, 1975
ZTK Zeitschrift für Theologie und Kirche