Glossary of Non-English Words

ananda bliss, tranquillity, serenity
Apsara water-nymph, celestial dancer
ashrama stage in life
Asura subterranean being who hoards wealth
atma soul
avatar incarnation
bhakti passionate devotion
bhoga sensory indulgence
chitta consciousness, spirit, mind
daan charity
dakshina service fee
Deva celestial being who draws and distributes wealth
devata personal deity
dharma order, regulations
Gandharva celestial musicians
jiva living organism
jiva-atma soul of a living organism that is crumpled/knotted
kalpa lifetime of the world
kama desire
karma action and reaction
manas mind
Manava human
mantra potent Vedic chants
marga path or approach
maya delusion; a limited, conditional understanding of the world
mithya relative truth seen through a frame of reference
moksha liberation
murti image
nivritti inward
param-atma soul of god that is uncrumpled/unknotted
Prakriti ever-changing aspect of life, mind and matter
pravritti outward
puja adoration or worship of a deity with flowers, incense and food
Purusha unchanging aspect of life, soul
Rakshasa wild forest spirit who follows the law of the jungle
rasa material fluids
Rishi sage with a deep understanding of Vedic lore
samadhi using spiritual powers to break free from the world
samaja society
samhita collection of chants
samsara the material world that changes constantly
samskara rite of passage
sat absolute truth without a frame of reference
shakti energy, matter
shanti peace
sharira body
siddhi the act of using spiritual powers to change the working of the world
Tantra occult practices based on Vedic understanding of the world
tapa spiritual fire
Tapasvin an ascetic who churns spiritual fire
tapasya practices that churn spiritual fire
tat tvam asi that’s what you are
tirtha pilgrimage to a waterbody: river or lake or tank
Upanishad deliberations and discussions on the Veda
varna station in society
Veda ancient revelations containing timeless truths
yagna invocation of celestial beings through chants and offerings
Yaksha wild forest spirit who guards treasures
yantra potent Tantrik diagrams
yatra journey
yoga sensory discipline
Yogi he who practises yoga
yuga an era in the lifetime of the world