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AB (Extraordinary Pacification) Aktion 421
ABCD Powers 256, 257, 260, 264
Abetz, Otto 201, 211
Abraham Puls & Co. 474
Abwehr 125
Abyssinia 6–10, 43–4, 183, 189, 317, 536, 537
Acheson, Dean 532, 553
Action Français 270
Addis Ababa 8
Adolf Hitler Shock Troop 71
Adolf-Hitler Schools 104
Adowa 5
Afrika Corps 338, 378, 446
Agrarian Party 55
Air Sea Rescue Service 174
Akjimenko, Colonel A.Z. 349
Akselrod, Zelig 460–1
Aktion Reinhard camps 403–4, 412, 454, 541
Alamogordo 526
Albania 5, 74, 189, 191, 297, 314
Albrecht, Berty 270 Ålesund 299
Aleutian Islands 525
Alexander, General Harold 310, 343, 357, 390
Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia 6, 40
Alexandria 171
Alfieri, Dino 313
Algeria 278, 356, 357
Algiers 379
Alibert, Raphaël 208
All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage (Cheka, later OGPU, later NKVD) 82
Allenstein 539
Allied Northwest African Air Force 507
Alsace 84, 149
Alsos Project 521
Alvensleben, Ludolf-Hermann von 124
Amann, Max 98–9
Ambrosio, Vittorio 533
America First 182–3
Amery, Leo 159
Amiens 456, 458
Amsterdam 471
Anami, Major General Korechika 552
Anderson, Fred 498
Anderson, Sir John 288
Anderson, Lieutenant General Kenneth 357
Anglo-German Naval agreement (1935) 31, 44
Anglo-US summit (1943) 520
Anschluss 34, 53, 54, 55, 70, 148
Anti-Comintern Pact (1936) 11, 20, 31, 108, 113, 194
anti-Fascist Popular Front 80
anti-Semitism 36, 77, 101, 122, 143, 153, 182, 183, 213, 249, 318, 401, 404, 421, 447, 449, 523
Anti-Soviet Trotskyist-Zinovievite Centre 90
Antonescu, Marshal Ion 223, 313
Antonov, General Alexei 345, 349
Anzio 374
Apeldoorn 473
appeasement 110, 115, 169, 254, 420
aftermath of Munich 69–75
final talks 60–8
and Nazi Germany 53–60
personnel 47–53
as popular policy 38
‘realistic’ policy 39–47
support for 159, 255
Arabs 446–7
Arbeiderbladet 195
Arctic Circle 82
Ardeatine Caves 309–10
Ardennes offensive (1944) 361
Arendt, Hannah 415, 420
Argentina 144
Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders 379
Arizona 260
Armenians 543, 546
Arnim, Hans-Jürgen von 438
Arnold, General Henry ‘Hap’ 351, 354, 498, 506
Asaka, Prince 19
Ascq 284
Assisi 468
Astrakov, Georgy 111, 114
Atlantic, Battle of the 161
Atlantic Charter 253, 258
Attlee, Clement 159, 170, 335, 353
Aubrac, Jean-Pierre 271
Aubrac, Lucie 271
Aubrac, Raymond 271
Auchinleck, Claude 189
Aus der Fünten, Ferdinand Hugo 473
Auschwitz 73, 77, 78, 220, 411, 413–14, 415, 417, 418, 430, 432, 449, 451, 453, 454, 455, 458–9, 471, 514, 541, 554
Auschwitz-Birkenau 453, 456, 457
Australia 39–40, 118, 445, 481
Austria 5, 6, 29–30, 32, 33, 51, 55, 124, 157
Austro-German agreement (1936) 33
Austro-Hungarian Empire 1, 39
Axis see Rome-Berlin Axis
Azuma, Shiro 562
Babadzhanian, Major General A. Kh. 349
Babelsberg film studios 106
Babi Yar 250, 408
Bach-Zelewski, Erich von dem 395, 397, 398, 399, 444
Backe, Herbert 228
Baden 149
Bader, Douglas 174
Badoglio, Marshal Pietro 8–9, 199, 533, 535
Baisingen 436
Baku 236
Balbo, Italo 187
Baldwin, Stanley 37, 43, 44
Balkans 73, 182, 188, 217, 290, 293, 296, 297, 316, 338, 430, 536, 537, 548
Baltic States 112, 113, 145, 155, 224
Banka Island 561
Banzai, General Ichiro 312
Baranowicze 395, 399
Barbarossa see Operation Barbarossa
Barbie, Klaus 271
Barcelona 10, 35
Bardia, Battle of (1940) 188
Bardonnie, Louis de la 269
Barthou, Louis 6, 40
Bartov, Omer 392–3
Bassenger, General Gerhard 439
Bastianini, Giuseppe 169
Bataan death march 525, 557, 560
Battel, Lieutenant Albert 463–4
Bayreuth 61
BBC 50, 60, 63, 66, 116, 191, 273, 274, 310, 319, 438, 449
Beaverbrook, Lord 160, 335
Beck, Jòsef 112
Beck, General Ludwig 32, 58
B
dzin 131
Behr, Kurt von 437
Beijing 18
Belgium 31, 46, 127, 158, 448, 549
Belgrade 484
Bell, George, Bishop of Chichester 503–4, 505
Belzec 148, 404, 411, 463
Ben Gurion, David 449
Benès, Eduard 59, 63, 70, 72, 304, 305, 307
Bennett, Alan 180
Bennett, General Gordon 262–3
Bentivegna, Rosario ‘Paolo’ 308
Berchtesgaden 60–1, 111
Bergen-Belsen 548
Beria, Lavrenty 91, 154, 345
Berlin 20, 33, 34, 44, 57, 66, 70, 72, 99, 110, 116, 139, 152, 177, 184, 227, 312, 406, 412, 417, 436, 478, 479, 481, 499, 500, 512
Berlin, Isaiah 185
Berlin Lichterfelde 98
Bermuda 181, 184
Bernau 125
Bernières, Louis de, Captain Corelli’s Mandolin 317
Bertolucci, Bernardo 2
Bessarabia 112, 145, 247, 254
Best, Geoffrey 161
Best, Werner 124, 211, 219, 220, 292, 293, 467
Beutelsbacher, Lieutenant 243
Bevan, Nye 334
Bevin, Ernest 335
Bey, Kemal 543
Białystok 153, 395, 407
Bianchi, Colonel Mario 315
Bichelonne, Jean 203
Biddle, Tammi 454
Biebow, Hans 414, 422–3, 425, 429
Billancourt 496
Binder, SS-Unterscharführer 432
Bingen, Jacques 270
Birmingham 177, 490
Biscari 380
Bischoff, Helmuth 128
Bismarck 163
Bismarck, Otto von (grandson) 319
Bismarck, Prince Otto von 22
Black Book of Soviet Jewry 461–2
Black Brigades 536
Black Sea 95
Black Watch 372
Blackett, Patrick 490–1
Blair, Squadron Leader Tommy 481
Blamey, General Thomas 382–3
Bletchley Park 444
Blobel, Paul 250
Blomberg, Werner von 32, 33, 320
Blood Pledge League 17
Bloody Sunday 25
Blücher 158
Blum, Léon 41, 204
Bobrov, General Alexander 347
Bock, Fedor von 119, 123, 126, 221, 232, 234
Bock’s Car 531
Bodman, Baron von und zu 219
Boer War 81
Bohemia-Moravia 124, 147, 449, 549
Bohlen, Charles ‘Chip’ 350
Bohr, Niels 520
Böll, Heinrich 391–2
Bolsheviks, Bolshevism 25, 31, 36, 58, 77, 81, 82, 85, 89, 93, 94, 101, 102, 105, 155, 227, 237, 327, 346, 352
Bomber Command 51, 164, 167, 176, 178, 179, 289, 297, 454, 455, 508, 514
aims of 482–4
and area bombing 487–9
and ‘Bomber’ Harris 492–500
missions and casualties 481–2
opposition to missions 501–5
organisation of 478–81
path to promiscuous bombing 484–501
superstitions 481–2
see also Royal Air Force (RAF)
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich 503
Bonn-Godesberg 33
Bonnet, Georges 41
Bono, Marshal Emilio de 536
Boothby, Bob 163
Bordeaux 206
Boris, King 270
Bormann, Martin 86, 106, 143, 395, 547
Borneo 263, 561
Bose, Chandra 559
Bothmann, Hans 413, 415
Bottai, Giuseppe 533
Bottomley, Sir Norman 490, 493
Boudarias, Marcel 217
Bouhler, Phlip 144
Bout de l’An, Francis 279–80, 281–2
Bout de l’An, Simone 279, 280, 281, 282
Boy Scouts 103, 154, 206, 464
Bracken, Brendan 335, 450
Bradfisch, Otto 423, 429
Bradley, Omar 353, 380
Brand, Sir Quintin 175
Brandt, Karl-Rudolf 71, 144, 548
Brasillach, Robert 213
Brauchitsch, Werner von 224, 232, 233, 320, 326
Braune, Dr 252
Brecht, Bertolt 308
Brehmer Division 285
Breker, Arno 221
Bremen 480, 497
Brenner Pass 5, 6
Breslau 464, 539
Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of (1917) 24, 37, 173
Brewster, Oswald 526
Briand, Aristide 40
Britain 6–7, 10, 11, 13, 39–40, 41–53, 62–3, 70, 73, 74, 87, 115, 117, 222, 255, 269, 272, 528
British Board of Deputies 459
British Empire 39, 163, 164, 169, 172, 377
British Expeditionary Force (BEF) 167, 168
British Fighter Command 174, 176
British First Army 357
British Legion 38
British Military
2nd Parachute Battalion 378
10 Group 175
11 Group 175
100 Group 289
Eighth Army 126, 343, 347, 357, 378
Brittain, Vera 501, 509, 514
Bromberg 128–30
Brooke, Sir Alan 171, 252, 311, 319, 320, 335, 339–42, 343, 356, 489, 540
Brossolette, Pierre 270
Brothers in Need campaign 108
Brownlow, Kevin 501
Bruller, Jean, Le Silence de la mer 215–16
Brundage, Avery 183
Brunner, Alois 418
Brunsbüttel 177
Brustlein, Gilbert 217
Bryansk 232
Buber-Neumann, Margaret 431, 432, 434, 435
Buchan, John 291
Buchenwald 84, 541, 542, 547
Budenny, Semyon 344–5, 345
Bukharin, Nikolai 90, 91
Bukovina 145
Bulgaria 54
Bullingen 361
Buna 456
Burger, Anton 418
Burma 255, 264, 266, 328, 374
Burma-Siam Railway 560–1
Burza, Battle of (1939) 120
Busch, General Ernst 247, 324
Bush, Vannevar 518, 523
Butt, David 489
Butt Report (1941) 454
Byelorussia 349, 396, 476
Byrnes, James 522–3, 526
Cadogan, Sir Alexander 59, 74, 254, 352, 543
Cadorna, Raffaele 536
Caen 540
Cahiers du Témoinage Chrétien 273
Cairo 296, 297, 338, 351
Cambodia 266
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) 502
Campo Imperatore 535
Canada 40, 118, 167, 173, 445, 481
Canaris, Admiral Wilhelm 133, 245
Cape Matapan 189
Capponi, Carla 308
Carin II (yacht) 99
Carlsbad 56, 59
Casablanca Conference (1943) 498, 507
Case White 119
Castro, Fidel 80
Catholic Church 1, 3, 8, 136, 155, 203, 538
Cavallero, Marshal Ugo 315
CBS 58
Céline, Ferdinand 205
Celle 438
Central China Area Army 560
Century Group 181
Cephalonia 535
Chamberlain, Austen 47
Chamberlain, Ivy 50
Chamberlain, Neville 35–6, 39, 46, 47–52, 53–5, 60–9, 71–5, 102, 118, 159, 160, 163, 164, 167, 170, 289, 335, 486
Chamberlain, Norman 36
Chanel, Coco 214, 471
Channel Islands 190
Chapou, Jean-Jacques 285
Chartres 198
Chechens 79
Chechov, Anatoly Ivanovich 371
Cheka 82
Chełm 131
Chelmno 307, 403, 412–14, 422, 423, 427, 449, 541
Chemnitz 512
Chennault, Major General Claire 256
Chernevo 349
Cherry Blossom Society 17
Cherwell, Frederick Lindemann, Lord 162, 335, 490
Chevalier, Maurice 213, 214, 471
Chiang Kai-shek 18, 20, 256, 257, 351
Chicago Tribune 182
China 13, 15–20, 42–3, 79, 110, 257, 259, 264, 329, 374, 507, 515, 517, 524, 528, 556, 559, 560
China Garrison Army 18
China Relief Fund 265
Chinchow 35
Chinese Nationalists 11
Chinese-Japanese war 18–20
Chomsk 396
Christian X 193
Christian XI 292
Chuikov, General Vasily 349
Churchill, Diana 164
Churchill, Colonel ‘Mad Jack’ 373
Churchill, Sir Winston 53, 79, 100, 311, 313
and belief in League of Nations 53, 54
and bombing raids 488, 489, 491, 499, 513
and British rearmament 48, 76–7
considered erratic and unstable 51, 234
as decision-maker 168–73
and declaration of war 60
and the Dutch 540
and the Far East 262
Greece and the Middle East 188
and his generals 320, 338–44
knowledge of exterminations 445
and maritime losses 187
and one-man power 49–50, 84
and persecution of Jews 44, 452
and proposed release of Jews 458
religious beliefs 337
and rise of German militarism 45
and Roosevelt 184, 488
and Russian invasion 226
and SOE 287–8, 294
and the Soviet Union 74, 253–5, 520
and Stalin 350, 351–2
suggests anti-Nazi alliance 54, 55
and Ten Year Rule 39
and US participation 253
and Versailles Treaty 36–7
and war crime trials 544
as war leader 158–68, 334–8
Churchill, Winston (grandson) 163
Ciano, Count Galeazzo 11, 31, 67, 71–2, 171, 533
Ciano-Mussolini, Edda 536
Citrino, Idrio 316
City of Exeter, The (freighter) 112
Clark, Alan 80
Clarke, Alan, The Donkeys 342
Clausen, Frits 193
Clavières 285
Cobban, Alfred 4
Cochet, Gabriel 205, 273
Cocteau, Jean 214
Cold War 80, 512, 517, 538
Cole, G.D.H. 80
Colijn, Hendrik 198
Collins, Reverend John 502
Cologne 437, 497–8
Colville, John 337, 489
combat soldiers
atrocities 361–2, 381, 382–4
clean war 377–9
and close-quarter combat 366–7, 370–1
and comradeship 365–7
courage and ferocity 372–3, 383
culture of combat 360–76
and death 369–70, 375–6
desertion 392–3
and distance 362
emotional stresses 368–9
and fear 362–4
and hating the enemy 379
health 391–2
him or us 380–4
logistics 360–1
and patriotism 371–2
premature ageing 368
racism 379, 384–7
and reaction to combat 373–6
and rules of the game 378, 380
and supernatural protection 376
topography 361, 377–8
and training 367–8, 375
training 389–90
and treatment of the dead 364–5, 370
weight of numbers 387–93
Combat 273
Command Staff Reichsführer-SS 394–401, 404
Commissar Order (1941) 121
Committee on Imperial Defence 39
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies 181, 183
Communism 40, 41, 62, 167, 208, 212, 216, 220, 253, 269, 274, 278, 390, 460, 551–5
Communism-Nazism
compensation and expenses 97–100
concentration camps 80–4
diplomatic relations 107–14
education 104
family values 104–7
female emancipation 105
morality 100–7
one-party states 93–100
personality cults 84–93
similarities and differences 76–80
youth culture 102–4, 106–7
Communist International (Comintern) 11, 80
Communist Sharpshooters and Partisans (FTP) 276
Compton, Karl 523
Comte, Auguste 465
Conant, James 518, 523
concentration camps 142, 304
and construction of the Otto Line 148
deportation to 304, 436–7
entry into 430–1
escapes from 453
evacuation of 541–2
females in 435–6
guarding of 124
Nazi-Soviet comparisons 80–4
and Night and Fog operation 217
and possible Allied bombing of 454, 458–9
rules and discipline 431–2
Russian 91, 96
war crime trials held in 548
work and survival 432–5
see also extermination camps; Final Solution; ghettos; Jews; named camps eg. Auschwitz
Condor Legion 10
Conradstein 143
Constantinople 543
Conti, Leonardo 144
Cool, Frederick 475
Cooper, Sir Alfred Duff 37, 49, 51, 69, 262
Copenhagen 192, 193, 194, 293, 456
Copernicus 122
Coral Sea 382
Corfu 5, 74, 418
Corpo di Spedizione Italiano in Russia (CSIR) 314–15, 316
Corregidor island 263, 383
Corsica 270
Cortot, Alfred 213
Cossacks 549
Cot, Pierre 269
Coulaudon, Emile 284
Council for Assistance to the Jews 469
Courland 113
Coventry 177, 489
Cracow 130, 135, 141, 146, 155, 463, 466, 473
Cranborne, Lord 504
Cranswick, Alan 484
Crete 163, 189, 316
Crimea 95, 148, 234, 252, 409
Cripps, Sir Stafford 38, 226, 334
Croatia, Croatians 2, 5, 314, 414
Crossman, Richard 294
Crüwell, General Ludwig 326, 438
Cuba 42, 81
urda, Karel 307
Cyrenaica 314
Czstochowa 127, 131
Czechoslovakia 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 40, 51, 53–60, 54, 55, 110, 111, 157, 159, 175, 303–8
Czerniaków, Adam 149, 421
Dachau 77, 82, 83–4, 117, 286, 415, 431, 542, 547, 548
Daily Mail 176, 450, 485
Daily Telegraph 450
Daladier, Edouard 41, 56, 62, 64–5, 67–9, 204
Daladier-Marchandeau Law (1939) 208
Dalton, Hugh 31, 38, 69, 170, 179, 288, 290, 291–2, 294, 298
Daluege, Kurt 445, 549
Dannecker, Theo 211
D’Annunzio, Gabriele 1–2
Danzig 110, 116, 117
Darlan, Admiral François 219, 275, 448, 522
Darnand, Joseph 279
Darwin, Charles 23
Das Reich 99
d’Astier de la Vigerie, Emmanuel 269, 275
Davidson, Randall 503
Davies, Joseph E. 350
Dawidgorodek 398
Dawson, Geoffrey 46
De Gaulle, Charles 164, 202, 203, 272, 274–6, 290, 296, 297, 337
De Valera, Eamon 204
Déat, Marcel 205
Defence Requirements Committee 41
Défense de la France 273
Delestraint, General Charles 275
Denikin, Anton 344–5
Denmark 158, 177, 192–4, 217, 292–4, 464
Der Stürmer 22, 122
Derain, André 213
Deutsche Rundfunk 57
Dietrich, Sepp 97–8
Dijk, Ans van 476
Dill, Field Marshal Sir John 162, 313, 335, 341
Dimbleby, Richard 69
Dnepropetrovsk 252
Dollfuss, Engelbert 5, 6, 29–30, 41
Dongen, van (artist) 213
Dongo 537
Donovan, Colonel ‘Wild Bill’ 506
Donskoy, Dmitry 389
Doolittle, Lieutenant Colonel James 385
Doorman, Admiral Karel 264
Doorn 543
Dora-Mittelbau 541, 547
Douglas, Captain Keith, ‘How to Kill’ 371
Doumenc, General Aimé 112
Dowding, Sir Hugh ‘Stuffy’ 168
Drange, Major Günther 240
Dresden 512–14, 525
Duchessa d’Aosta 298
Dunkirk 168, 170, 171, 185, 343, 488
Dürkefälden, Karl 437–8
Dutch East Indies 255, 257, 263, 267, 328
Dutch Jewish Council 472
Dzerzhinsky, Felix 82
Eaker, Ira 498, 506
East Africa 6
East Asia 12, 13
East Galicia 152, 404
East Prussia 29, 117, 135, 229
East Yorkshire Regiment 381
Eastern Front 187, 209, 210, 225, 234, 238, 238–9, 251, 284, 286, 366, 374, 380–1, 387, 391, 424, 448, 463, 488, 512, 536, 539
Eberhard, General Kurt 250
Economist, The 186
Eden, Anthony 21, 30, 43, 45–6, 50, 54, 166, 253, 254, 255, 352, 446, 447, 451, 453, 457, 458
Edward, Duke of Windsor 32, 180
Eger 63
Egypt 187–8, 340, 427, 446
Ehrenburg, Ilya 388–9, 461
Eichmann, Adolf 131, 147, 415–17, 420, 448, 457, 473
Eicke, Theodor 83–4
Einsatzgruppen 124, 129, 138, 232, 240, 241, 244, 247, 248, 249, 250, 252, 253, 395, 402, 407, 409, 411, 420, 421, 444, 548
Einstein, Albert 461, 520
Eisenhower, Dwight D. 313, 353, 355–8, 511, 529, 540
Eisenhower, Mamie 357
Eisenlohr, Ernst 56
Eisenstein, Sergei 387
El Alamein 361, 379, 440
Eliáš, Alois 304
Elkes, Elkhanan 428
Ellis, John 372
Elversum 194
Emergency Powers Act (UK) 167
Empire Air Training Scheme 175
Enola Gay 529–30
Eritrea 6
Esjberg 177
Essen 497
Estonia 113
Eternal Jew, The (film) 386
Europe 13, 29, 34, 39, 52
extermination camps 78, 307, 401, 412, 438, 454, 459, 462
see also concentration camps; Final Solution; ghettos; Jews
Extraordinary Pacification (AB exercise) (1940) 142
Fabre-Luce, Alfred 213
Falkenhorst, General Nikolaus von 192, 221, 301
Falkowski, Father Stanisław 469
Far East 41, 112, 189, 220, 312
Farge, Yves 268
Farinacci, Roberto 534
Fascism 1, 2–5, 10, 21, 32, 38, 41, 79, 80, 109, 111, 118, 167, 183, 187, 196, 205, 216, 272, 317, 318, 533, 536, 537–8
Grand Council 3, 534
Fascist French Popular Party (PPF) 276
Federal Republic of Germany (FDR) 550
Fegelein, Hermann 399
Fehlis, Heinrich 195
Fermi, Enrico 523
Fermi, Laura 523
Final Solution 308, 437–8
altruistic endeavours 463–70
Command Staff Reichsführer-SS 394–401
dregs of humanity 410–15
Eichmann’s world 415–18
in France 220
German knowledge of and reaction to 438–42, 539
heinously moral acts 403–10
in Holland 471–6
participants in 476
in Poland 124, 131, 142, 440–1
as putative emergency 401–3
resettlement and extermination programmes 147–52
in Russia 91, 251–2, 441
in Serbia 217
use of gas 411–15
see also concentration camps; extermination camps; ghettos; Jews
Fini, Gianfranco 538
Finland 113, 155–7, 181, 223–4, 226, 254, 545, 559
Fiske, Pilot Officer Billy 185
Fiume 1–2, 5
Flanders 160
Fletcher, Admiral Jack 358, 359
Flick 548
Flossenbürg 84, 325, 541, 547
Flynn, John T. 182
Fog, Mogens 293
Foggia 456
Foley, Frank 470–1
Foot, Michael 35
Ford, Gerald 182
Foreign Correspondent (film) 185
Formosa 14, 328
Forster, Albert 135, 143, 145
Forte dei Marmi 310
Fraas, Mogens 197
Franc-Tireur 276
Franc-Tireur et Partisans 285
France 5, 13, 29, 30, 31, 32, 39, 40–1, 45, 46, 54, 57, 60, 62–3, 73, 74, 87, 115, 117, 127, 149, 158, 168, 175, 187, 191, 192, 198–9, 269, 343, 361, 448, 455, 549
see also Vichy France
Franco, General Francisco 64, 115, 183, 199, 204, 212
Franco-Prussian War (1870–1) 127, 202
Frank, Brigitte 139, 140
Frank, Hans 29, 135, 137, 138, 139–42, 146, 149, 195, 473
Frank, Karl Hermann 304, 306
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke 41
Franz, Kurt 410
Fredendall, General Lloyd 353, 357
Frederick the Great 22
Free French 164, 191, 274, 280, 284
Free French XIX Corps 357
Freiburg 177
Frenay, Henri 205, 270, 271, 272, 296
Frenkel, Naftaly 82
Freyberg, General Bernard 160, 342
Frisch, Otto 517, 520
Fritsch, Werner von 32, 33, 132
Fritt Folk 195
Fritzsch, Franz 466
Fronte Clandestino Militare 309
Frost, Colonel John 378
Frunze, Mikhail 347
Fuchs, Günther 427
Fuchs, Klaus 520
Fukuoka prison camp 552
Fussell, Paul 375
Gab
ik, Josef 305, 306
Gabolde, Maurice 216
Galicia 135, 412
Gallipoli 160–1
Gamelin, Maurice 41
Garbett, Cyril, Archbishop of York 505
Gardelegen 541
Gardsen 407
Gargnano 535
Gariboldi, Italo 315
Gauleiters 99–100
Gdingen (Gdynia) 145
Gellately, Robert 83
Geneva 43, 45, 450
Geneva Conventions 227, 381, 383, 385
Geneva Disarmament Conference 28
Geneva Protocols (1925) 9
Genro 13
George II, King of Greece 296
George V, King of England 12
Georgia 91
Gerbrandy, Pieter 540
German Democratic People’s Republic (DDR) 550
German Labour Front 97–8, 99, 105, 151
German Military
1st Cavalry Regiment 395, 406
1st Parachute Division 373
2nd Panzer Group 349
3rd Panzer Group 245
4th Mountain Division 242
8th SS Infantry Regiment 394, 403
60th Infantry Division 251
68th Infantry Division 251
99th Infantry Division 250
113th Infantry Division 243–4
137th Infantry Division 244
167th Infantry Division 223
299th Infantry Division 250
490th Infantry Division, 3rd Battalion 240
Army Group A 235, 236
Army Group B 235
Army Group Centre 225, 226, 232, 233, 234, 236, 239, 246, 248, 324, 345
Army Group North 231, 232, 233, 248, 249
Army Group South 130, 135, 230, 232, 249, 251, 315, 400
Army High Command 131, 232, 234
Eighteenth Army 249
Eleventh Army 223, 234, 252
Ninth Army 323, 326–7
Pioneer Battalion 113 250–1
Reserve Battalion 101 404
Seventeenth Army 245
Sixteenth Army 247
Sixth Army 236
Sonderkommandos 250, 251–2, 423
SS Cavalry 249, 396, 398, 399
SS ‘Das Reich’ 2nd Panzer Division 285, 286
SS Death’s Head brigades 84, 124, 394, 395
SS Galicia Division 549–50
SS Prinz Eugen Division 414
Tenth Army 126
Third Army 131
Waffen-SS 132, 239, 247, 284, 361, 381, 392, 396, 420, 471, 472, 542
XLIII Corps 237–8
XX Army Corps 234
German National Socialists 21, 97, 103, 395, 503
German Police Battalions 247, 250, 251–2, 395, 400, 402, 404, 406, 408
German Reserve Police Battalions 395
German Social Democrats 29, 38, 108, 230
German Womanhood 97
German-Italian Army of Africa 356
German-Italian operations 314–19
German-Soviet Pact (1922) 108, 109–10
Germany 5, 10, 11, 14, 18, 20–1, 259, 272, 522
and awareness of Final Solution 539
bombing of 480, 495, 497–9, 503, 508–14, 538
British attitude towards 45–7
comparisons with Stalin’s Russia 76–107
continued interest in 551
diplomatic relations with Soviet Union 107–14
East-West split 550
guilt industry in 550–1
march to war 53–60
military aggression 40–1, 42, 61–2
rape and plunder of 539–40
re-armament in 29–34, 41, 48, 110
rise of Third Reich 22–34
and SS evacuation of concentration camps 541–2
suicides in 542–3
unconditional surrender 538, 550
war crime trials in 543–50
see also Communism-Nazism; Nazis
Gersdorff, Major Rudolf-Christoph Freiherr von 246, 248
Gestapo 101, 124, 125, 158, 193, 195, 211, 219, 270, 283, 286, 304, 307, 309, 407, 423, 425, 427, 448, 456, 465, 558
Ghandi, Mahatma 52
ghettos 443, 449
anti-Semitic film on 386
control in 422–3
Councils of Jewish Elders in 419–22, 424–5, 427–9
in Cracow 141
in the Crimea 252
deportations and resettlement 427–30
dissenting Germans sent to 401
economy of 423–5
escape from 463
establishment of 422
and ghetto tourism 150–1
lawlessness in 150
resistance and dissent 425–7
in Warsaw 149–50, 412, 421, 423
see also concentration camps; extermination camps; Final Solution; Jews
Gibraltar 3, 10, 171, 356
Giraud, General Georges 272, 275
Girofano 361
Gish, Lillian 182
Globocnik, Odilo 147–8, 411, 429, 542
Gneisenau 158
Godesberg 63, 64
Goebbels, Joseph 57, 58, 62, 71, 72, 99, 108, 151, 184, 191, 211, 352, 542, 551
Goede, Horst 150
Goerdeler, Carl 58
Gogolin 135
Goldhagen, Daniel 401
Gol’tsev, General 347
Göring, Hermann 26–7, 30, 32, 33–4, 44, 67, 72, 99, 117, 146, 168, 194, 211, 312, 395, 547
Gorky, Maxim 95
Gorogopoulos viaduct 298
Gott, General William ‘Strafer’ 343
Göttingen 436
Gould, Florence 211
Goworowo 132
Graebe, Friedrich 466
Grajasnowo 243
Graml, Bernhard 223
Grandi, Dino 533, 534, 538
Granville, Christine 291
Graziani, Marshal Rodolfo 187
Great Asia Association 17
Great Depression 15, 39, 42, 47, 55, 96
Great Patriotic War 387–9
Great Terror (1936–8) 89, 94, 108
Great Wall of China 18
Great War 1, 2, 5, 13–14, 21, 23, 35–7, 38, 39–40, 42, 45, 48, 59, 68, 124, 127, 135, 160, 161, 181, 187, 203, 210, 225, 245, 259, 273, 323–4, 334, 338, 339, 341, 343, 354, 360, 376, 391, 452, 473, 484, 501, 507
Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere 258, 266
Greece 5, 54, 74, 118, 188–9, 221, 277, 293, 314, 448
Greenwood, Arthur 170
Greifswald 464
Greiser, Arthur 135, 414, 429
Grese, Irma 548
Greville, Mrs 190
Grew, Joseph 553
Grey, Lord 45
Grini 298
Groningen 474
Gross, Andor ‘Bandi’ 448
Gross-Rosen 84, 541
Grossmann, Vassily 365, 371, 461
Life and Fate 462
Groves, General Leslie 355, 518, 519, 520, 523, 526
Grozny 236
Gruppe di Azione Patriottica (Gappists) 309, 310
Grynszpan, Herschel 71
Guadalajara, Battle of (1937) 10
Guadalcanal 375
Guam 515, 516
Guderian, Heinz 98, 221, 234, 327, 349
Guéhenno, Jean 204, 205–6, 207, 212
Guernica (1937) 10
Guidelines for the Treatment of Political Commissars 228
Guilty Men 35
Guingand, Brigadier Freddie de 343, 540
Guisco, Spartaco 217
Guitry, Sacha 212–13
gulags 81, 82–3, 90, 91, 92, 419, 431
Gumbinnen 237
Günther, Rolf 417
Gusev, Fyodor 346
Haakon VII 194, 298
Habsburg Empire 55
Hácha, Emil 72, 73, 304
Haffner, Sebastian 26–7, 94–5
Häfner, August 250
Hagen, Herbert 125
Hagerup, Inger 299
Hague Commission of Jurists 164
Hague Laws of Land Warfare 127, 228, 383, 400
Haigh, Bishop Mervyn 503
Haile Selassie 8
Hainan Island 329
Halder, Franz 123, 173, 222, 223, 224, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 249, 320, 323, 324, 325
Halifax, Edward Wood, Lord 34, 36, 50–1, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 64, 72, 159–60, 169–70, 184, 288, 313
Halsey, Admiral William ‘Bull’ 358, 359
Hamann, Heinrich 401–2
Hambro, Sir Charles 289
Hamburg 180, 195, 436, 441, 480, 495, 499, 503, 514
Hamburg-Altona 25
Hancewicze 397
Hangerup, Inger, Aust Vågøy 299
Hangmen Also Die (film) 308
Hankow 20
Hanneken, Hermann 292
Harlan, Veit 396
Harper, Harold 318, 378
Harriman, Averell 313, 351
Harris, Arthur ‘Bert’ 179, 455, 487, 492–500, 509, 512, 513
Harvey, Oliver 254
Hasselberg, Dr Alfred 130
Hassell, Ulrich von 132
Hauck, Walter 284
Haukelid, Knut 302–3
Havel, Václav 70
Hawaii 260, 358
Heidegger, Martin 79
Heiden, Konrad 108
Heimbach, Lothar 407
Heinrici, General Gotthard 237–8, 239, 242–3, 325–6
Helldorf, Graf 70
Henderson, Sir Nevile 34, 44, 46–7, 58, 59, 118
Henlein, Konrad 56
Henneicke, Wim 474, 475
Henson, Hensley 50, 163, 337, 505
Hercberg, director of central prison (Łód
) 426
Hess, Ilse 99
Hess, Rudolf 99
Hessen 71
Heston aerodrome 60, 63, 67
Het Apeldoornse asylum 472–3
Hewitt, Edgar Ludlow 486
Heydrich, Bruno 306, 308
Heydrich, Reinhard 116, 117, 124, 125, 126, 130, 133, 211, 241, 244, 304–6, 409, 444, 549
Hilberg, Raul 403, 420
Himmler, Heinrich 49, 98, 106, 131, 132, 133, 143, 144, 145, 147, 152, 244, 247, 249, 252, 306, 394, 395, 399, 405–6, 414, 444, 464, 473, 541–2
Hindenburg, General Paul von 125
Hinsley, Cardinal Arthur 450
Hirohito, Emperor 12–13, 15–16, 19, 26, 256, 257–8, 259–60, 527, 551, 552, 554–5, 558
Hiroshima 514, 528, 529–30, 554
Hirota, Koki 560
Hirsch-Jeckeln, Charlotte 400
Hitchcock, Alfred 185
Hitler, Adolf 43, 79, 143, 270, 315, 350
abortive diplomatic talks 61–9, 72
and the Balkans 188–9
conspiracies against 248, 391, 536
effect of Great War on 21–3, 36
foreign policy 5–6, 7, 10–11, 18, 20, 24, 28–34, 46
and future of France 202
ideology and beliefs 22–6, 49, 52, 85, 100–1, 313
and invasion of Britain 172–3, 177
and Kristallnacht 71
last-chance mentality 107, 115
and mass exterminations 395, 437, 441–2
military aggression 40, 44, 45, 52–3
and Mussolini 312, 534, 535
and ‘night of the long knives’ 85, 94
and North Africa 377
and Operation Barbarossa 221–3, 231, 232, 233–6, 251, 377, 409
as orator 13, 23, 26, 85
orders reprisals and executions 218, 219, 220, 304, 306
and POWs 452
and rape of Poland 112–14, 115–18, 123, 352
reaction to Pearl Harbor 261
relationship with his generals 319–28
rewards and compensation culture 97–100
road to war 37, 53–60, 73, 75
suicide of 542
support for 25–7
and youth culture 102–3
Mein Kampf 22, 44, 62, 98, 108
Hitler Youth 103, 106–7, 121, 284, 389, 397, 464
Hitler’s Madman (film) 308
Ho Chi Minh 260
Hoare, Samuel 8, 43, 44, 51, 64
Hobby, Colonel Oveta Culp 355
Hobsbawm, Eric 80, 118
Hochlinden 116
Hoepner, General Erich 221, 229, 234, 326
Hofmaier, SS-Obersturmbannführer 145
Hohberg und Buchwald, Anton von 397
Holland see Netherlands
Hollywood 182, 183
Holmes, Richard 372
Holocaust see Final Solution
Homma, Masaharu 328, 556
Honjo, General Shigeru 552
Honsfeld 361
Hoover, Herbert 42, 182, 522
Hopkins, Harry 184, 319, 345, 350–1, 488
Horn of Africa 5, 6
Hornbeck, Stanley 259
Horthy, Miklós 55
Höss, Rudolf 414, 415, 549
Hossbach, Colonel Count Friedrich 32
Hoth, General Hermann 221, 245–6
Hotz, Karl 217–18, 219
Hoxha, Enver 297
Hughes, Colonel Richard 510
Hull, Cordell 260, 350
Hull (place) 490
Humbert, Agnès 209, 273
Hungary 70, 125
Hyde Park memorandum (1944) 520
Hydro 301–2
I Accuse (film) 550
Iceland 192
IG Farben 451, 456, 548
Iida, Shojiro 328
Imamura, Hitoshi 328
Imperial War Museum (London) 66
Imperial Way sect 14
India 52, 163, 263, 264, 447, 493, 515, 556
Indo-China 255, 559
Indonesia 524, 559
Insterburg 539
International Military Tribunal for the Far East 555–60
International Settlement 42
IRA 167, 287
Ironside, Field Marshal Edmund 335
Irving, David 514
Isherwood, Christopher 28
Ishiwara, Colonel 15–16
Ismay, General Hastings ‘Pug’ 79, 162, 165, 335, 349–50, 354
It Happened Here (film) 501
Itagaki, Colonel 15–16
Italian Communist Party 2
Italian Military, 8th Garibaldi Brigade 310
Italo-Abyssinian war (1936) 1, 31
Italo-German Pact of Steel (1939) 21
Italy 11, 30, 32, 41, 42, 109, 117, 187–9, 272, 314–19, 534
Ivan the Terrible 89
Iwo Jima 330, 331, 332–3, 386, 529
Jackson, Robert 181
Jakobson, a judge (Łód) 426
Jannings, Emil 98
Japan
atrocities committed by 19–20, 265, 561–2
bombing of 514–32
and Britain 41, 42–3, 48
and China 15–20, 110, 257, 265
and Germany 20–1, 110
imperial 12–14
and Italy 11, 21, 537
militarism in 12–13, 14
military leadership in 311, 328–33
and racism 13, 14, 261, 267
and Russia 87
and US 186
war crime trials 551–5
and war in the Pacific 255–60, 261–7
and Western influence 13–14
Japanese-Soviet neutrality pact (1941) 255, 559
Jaranilla, Delfin 557
Jaurès, Jean 269
Java 264
Je Suis Partout 213–14
Jeckeln, Friedrich 250, 395, 399–400, 549
Jehol 18
Jehovah’s Witnesses 99, 435
Jemtschita 242
Jena 243
Jeschonnek, General Hans 177
Jewish Agency 449, 457
Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee 461
Jews
Allied reactions and knowledge of exterminations 443–62
atrocities and massacres 34, 70–1, 79, 126, 131–2, 134, 137–8, 140–1, 217, 220, 222, 244, 247–52, 261, 283, 309–10, 390–1, 444, 445, 449, 450, 451, 453, 471, 538–9, 541, 542
census of 208–9
in Denmark 467, 476
deportations 145–6, 214, 224, 460, 463–4, 472
dismissal from employment 72, 100
Dutch 471–6
hatred and dislike of 22, 24–5, 27, 38, 59, 102, 106, 183, 204, 214, 237, 241, 313, 386
help and clemency towards 245, 273, 318, 463–70
in Italy 11, 318, 468
in London 180
memorial and museums 550
in Poland 122, 125, 126, 131–2, 137–8, 140–1, 466–7
and post-War Germany 550–1
as refugees 44, 446–8
and Sudeten Germans 57
suicide of 34
and war crime trials 546–7
see also concentration camps; extermination camps; Final Solution; ghettos
Jodl, Alfred 312, 320
Jordan, Bill 277–8
Jourdan, Ernest 276
Jud Süss (film) 396
Juin, General Alphonse 357
Jünger, Ernst 391
jungle warfare 374–5, 381–2
Kachalov, General 347
Kaganovich, 87
Kaluga 237
Kamenetz-Podolsk 250, 400
Kamenev, Lev 90, 460
Kanstein, SS-Oberführer Paul 193
Kappler, Herbert 309, 310
Karaganda 431
Karelia 156
Karski, Jan 450–1
Kassel 71
Kasserine 377, 379
Katowice 129–30
Katýn Forest 155, 352, 405, 440–1, 544, 545, 549
Kaufmann, Karl 436
Kazakhs 79
Keitel, Wilhelm 98, 133, 218, 220, 228, 244, 245, 312, 320–1
Kellogg, Frank B. 40
Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928) 40, 545, 558
Kelly, George 350
Kennan, George 350
Kennedy, General Sir John 340–1, 344, 344–5
Kennedy, Joseph 184
Kerr, Alfred 27
Kertsch 252
Kesselring, Albert 309, 310, 312, 315, 317, 550
Keyes, Sidney 377
Keynes, John Maynard 36
Khalkhin Gol 226, 256, 383
Kharkov 251, 286, 459, 544
Kiel 55
Kiev 224, 230, 232, 250–1, 286
King, Admiral Ernest 354, 498
Kipling, Rudyard 386–7
Kirov, Sergei 87, 89, 90
Kita Ikki 14
Kitchen, James 454
Kitchener, Lord 161
Kleist-Schmenzin, Ewald von 58, 59, 221, 326
Klemperer, Victor 85, 371–2
Kluge, Günther von 221, 234, 325, 327
Knäbel, Alois 394
Knoblauch, Kurt 394–5
Knochen, Helmut 211
Knox, Frank 308
Kobe 517
Koch, Robert 144
Kocourek, Franta 73
Koenekamp, Eduard 151
Koenig, General Pierre 280–1
Koga, Commander 16
Köhnke, Colonel 439
Kokoda Track 382
Kokura 528, 531
Kollontai, Alexandra 105
Kolo 412, 427
Kolyma 77, 78
Kolyma river 82
Komi province 82
Komsomol 95, 103
Konev, Ivan 233
Königsberg 134, 541
Konoe, Prince Fumimaro 256, 258, 259, 266
Korea, Koreans 14, 16, 20, 79, 267, 328, 374, 524, 556
Korean War (1950) 554
Kos 418
Koschorrek, Günther 362–3, 380–1
Kosovo 297
Kossak, Zofia 469
Kota Bahru 262
Kovalev, Ivan 346
Kovno Ghetto 420–1
Kovno (Kaunas) 247, 248, 427
Kozelsk 154
Kragujevac 217
Krakauer Zeitung 143
Kramer, Josef 548
Krasnodar 544
Kraus, Karl 26
Kremenchug 249
Kremlin 95, 96, 110, 113, 115, 120, 233, 313, 346, 349
Kressendorf 139, 140
Kretschmer, General Alfred 312
Kristallnacht (1938) 71, 395, 549
Krüger, Friedrich Wilhelm 138, 142, 195, 473
Krupp of Essen 45, 498
Krupskaya, Nadya 89
Krynica 139
Kuala Lumpur 328
Kubiš, Jan 305, 306
Küchler, General Georg von 131–2, 227, 229, 249
Kufstein 67
Kulotino 240
Kunduz province 551
Kurhessen 71
Kuribayashi, Tadamichi 330–3
Kuribayashi, Takako 331, 332
Kuribayashi, Taro 331
Kuribayashi, Yoko 331
Kurile Islands 260, 531
Kursk 360, 363
Kutlin, General Z. Iu. 89
Kutuzov, Mikhail 389
Kuusinen, Otto Ville 156
Kuznetsov, Admiral Nikolai 345
Kvaternik, Slavko 409
Kwantung Army 15–16, 18, 527
Kyoto 12, 523, 528, 544
Kyushu 523, 524
La Maddalena 534
La Taye 198
Laabs, Gustav 412–13
Lachowicze 399
Lake Como 537
Lake Garda 535
Lake Maggiore 6
Lammers, Hans 395, 441
Landsberg 548
Lang, Cosmo, Archbishop of Canterbury 50, 108, 486, 502–3, 504
Lang, Fritz 308
Lange, Herbert 411–12
Langhäuser, Rudolf 130–1
Laos 266
Laqueur, Walter 440
Latin America 185, 186
Latvia 113, 343, 399
Laval, Pierre 6, 8, 43, 44, 199–200, 201, 207, 271
Le Bourget 67
League of German Maidens 103
League of the Militant Godless 101
League of Nations 1, 5, 8, 11, 17–18, 27, 28–9, 30, 31, 38, 39, 40, 42–3, 46
League of Nations Covenant 28, 54
Leahy, Admiral William 342, 354, 529
Lebensraum 23, 32
Lechatov 419
Lécussan, Joseph 280, 281, 282
Leeb, Wilhelm Ritter von 221, 232, 248, 326
Lefkadas 418
Lehideux, François 203
Leipzig 512, 543
LeMay, Colonel Curtis 508, 515–16, 517, 518, 524, 528–9
Lemberg (Lwów) 135, 153, 241
Lemkin, Raphael 545
Lend-Lease Act (1941) 186
Lend-Lease programme 253, 254, 256, 261, 272, 448, 506, 521
Lenin, Vladimir I. 25, 80, 82, 85–6, 88–9, 104
Leningrad 112, 224, 230, 231, 232, 233, 346, 549
Levi, Primo 328, 433
Levovich, Lev 363
Lewis, Albert ‘Zulu’ 175
Lewis, Cecil Day 308
Ley, Robert 97, 99
Libération 273
Libre France 273
Libya 5, 8, 171, 187, 317, 357
Lichtheim, Richard 449
Lida 465
Liddell Hart, Basil 503
Lidice 306–7, 308, 451, 549
Liedtke, Major Max 463, 464
Liénart, Cardinal 284
Lilliput magazine 47
Limoges 278
Lindbergh, Charles 182, 183
Linz 34
Lippmann, Ole 293
Lippmann, Rosenthal & Co. 474, 475
Lipski, Jósef 116
Lisbon 319
Lischka, Kurt 211
Lithuania 51, 74, 110, 113, 120, 247, 407
Little Entente 30, 70
Litvinov, Maxim 110, 145
Lloyd George, David 60, 159, 161, 180, 334
Locarno Treaties (1925) 30, 40, 47
Łód ghetto 413, 414, 419, 421, 422–30, 449
Łód (Litzmannstadt) 135, 151
Lofoten Islands 298, 299
Lofy, Reinhold 464
Lombard, Gustav 396–9, 406
London 10, 31, 37, 49, 53, 74, 167, 172, 177–9, 198, 274, 297, 313, 449, 450, 457, 485, 488–9
London conference (1945) 545
Londonderry, Lord 36, 48, 98
Longstop Hill (Tunisia) 379
Lorraine 149
Los Alamos 519, 521, 523, 532
Lothian, Lord 184
Lübeck 496–7
Lubelska, Izbica 450
Lubin, Germaine 213
Lublin 135, 148, 151, 427, 429
Lubliniec 130
Lubyanka 90, 549
Łuck 145, 241
Ludwigshafen 177
Luftwaffe 37, 119, 168, 171, 172, 173, 174, 177, 178, 197, 201, 223, 224, 234, 236, 242, 245, 314, 455, 484, 487, 502, 507, 508, 539, 542
Lyons 270, 271
Lytton Report 43
MacArthur, General Douglas 382, 524, 529, 552, 553, 554–5, 558
McCarthy, Joseph 548
McCloy, John 458
MacDonald, James Ramsay 6, 7
Macedonians 5
Mackensen, General Eberhard von 309
Mackensen, Baron Hans Georg von 313
McNair, General Lesley 354
MacNeice, Louis, Autumn Journal 66
Madagascar 149, 419, 468
Madeira 97
Madrid 167
Madritsch, Julius 466
Magdeburg-Anhalt 71
Magill, Franz 396, 398
Maginot Line 40, 57, 112
Magyars 55
Maisky, Ivan 110
Majdanek 461, 541
Makarevskaya Pustin 249
Malan, Adolph ‘Sailor’ 175
Malaya 255, 262, 264, 265, 328, 329, 559
Malenkov, Georgy 345
Malmedy 361, 548
Malone, Corporal Brian ‘Bluey’ 381
Malta 42
Mälzer, General Kurt 309
Manchester Guardian 49
Manchukuo 17, 18, 20, 42, 328, 329
Manchuria 14–18, 42, 43, 91, 233, 256, 257, 521, 527, 530, 531
Manchurian Incident 16
Mandel, Georges 199
Manhattan Project 355, 522, 527
Manila 556, 560
Mann, Thomas 27, 57
Mannerheim, Carl Gustav 156, 313
Mannerheim Line 156–7
Mannheim 177, 489
Manstein, Erich von 221, 234, 239, 251, 252, 550
Manual for General staff Officers during War 228
Mao Zedong 80, 410
maquis 270, 272, 276, 277, 279, 280, 282, 283, 284–6
March of Time (newsreels) 185
Marcks, General Erich 223
Marder, Karl 422
Margesson, David 159
Marianas islands 527
Marlborough, Duke of 160
Marseilles 6, 270
Marshall, George C. 301, 311, 340, 353–7, 523, 525, 526, 528
Marshall-Cornwall, Sir James 162
Martin, Kingsley 294
Marxism 38, 80, 85, 100
Mary, Queen 67
Marzabotto 310
Masaryk, Jan 67, 69
Maskelyne, Jasper 291
Massawa 162
Matisse, Henri 212
Matsui, General Iwane 560
Matsuoka-Henri Agreement (1940) 559
Matteotti, Giacomo 3
MAUD Committee 517
Maufe, Gerry 363, 378
Mauthausen 84, 304, 305, 307, 547
Mediterranean 3, 11, 41, 169, 189, 262, 312, 338, 377
Mediterranean Fleet 7
Meidner, Ludwig 35
Memel 74
Memelland 110
Ménétrel, Bernard 208
Menzies, Robert 164, 167, 337
Merin, Moshe 428
Mers-el-Kebir 171, 201
Mesopotamia 484, 486, 493
Messe, General Giovanni 315
Metaxis, General Ioannis 74
Mexico 42
Mezzano 363
Mickiewicz, Adam 155
Middle East 39, 187–8, 189, 262, 263, 338, 341, 357, 377–9, 446
Midway 358–9, 382
Mihailovíc, Draza 199, 290, 296
Mikhaili, Major General 347
Mikhoels, Solomon 461, 462
Mikoyan, Anastas 85, 87
Milan 536, 537
Milice 276, 279–83, 285
Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale (MVSN) 3, 6
Milorg 298
Minsk 399, 462
Minzberg, Leib 421
Mitsubishi 16
Mitsui 16
Mitterand, François 271–2
Mlana 419
Model, Walter 323, 327
Modlin 120
Mogilev 245, 249
Mola, General 167
Molde 194
Moldenhauer, Johann 422
Molotov Line 224
Molotov, Vyacheslav 87, 88, 110, 111, 113, 119, 120, 148, 152, 345
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939) 21, 115, 145, 208, 216, 295, 460
Mongolia 17
Mononeri, Lieutenant Giuseppe 316
Monowitz 451, 456
Montbéliard 294
Monte Camino (1944) 370
Montefiore, Simon Sebag 89
Montgomery, Bernard 230, 342, 343–4, 357, 378
Montpellier 274
Moravec, Colonel František 305
Moravskà Ostrava 59
Morgenthau, James 544
Morrison, Herbert 335, 446, 501, 504
Moscow 79, 95, 108, 111, 112, 119, 120, 154, 224, 230, 231, 232, 233, 236, 254, 269, 351, 491
Moscow Conference (1942) 453, 543–4
Moscow, Treaty of (1940) 157
Moser, Alfons 216
Motole 396–7
Moulin, Jean 198–9, 269, 274–5, 276
Mountbatten, Lord Louis ‘Dickie’ 335
Mukden Incident (1931) 16, 559
Müller, Filip 431
Mundschütz, Martin 402–3
Munich 71, 75, 110, 112, 439
Munich Agreement 67–9, 71–2, 73, 118, 269, 305, 307
Munich Beer Hall putsch (1923) 71
Munich crisis 37
Murat 285
Murmansk 223, 254
Murray, Williamson 454
Murrow, Edward R. 58, 165, 185
Mussert, Anton 198
Mussolini, Benito 2, 3–11, 13, 29, 31, 33, 36, 43, 44, 49, 50, 54, 67–8, 71–2, 74, 115, 116, 169, 170, 187–9, 312, 313, 314, 315, 318, 377, 522, 533–8
Mussolini, Rachele 535, 536
Mutachiang, Battle of (1945) 531
Mutsui, Iwane 20
Muus, Flemming 293
Naftalin, a lawyer (Łód) 426
Nagano, Admiral Osami 257, 257–8, 259
Nagasaki 514, 528, 529, 530, 531, 554
Nagumo, Admiral Chuichi 260, 358–9
Nanking 19, 560
Nantes 217, 218, 219, 303
Naples 538
Narvik 158
Nasjonal Samling (NS) 195–6
National Committee of French Liberation 275–6
National Legion of Mothers of America 183
National Socialist People’s Welfare (NSV) 486
National Solidarity Movement 304
National-Political Educational Institutions 104
National-Socialistische Beweging (NSB) 198
Natzweiler 84
Naumann, Erich 473
Nazis 13, 15, 20, 49–50, 187, 352, 391, 396, 405, 420, 445, 450, 460, 503, 546
air attacks 37
anti-Semitic barbarity 70–1
British policy towards 45–7
Nuremberg rally 59
political violence 25–6, 29–30, 38
rise of 22–31
support for 36
see also Communism-Nazism
Nebe, Arthur 248
Nedíc, General Milan 199
Nelson, Sir Frank 289
neo-Nazis 80
Netherlands 158, 167, 191, 217, 471–6, 540–1, 549
Neu-Sandez 402
Neubrandenburg 542
Neuffer, General Georg 439
Neurath, Konstantin von 20, 32, 33, 304
Neustadt 144
Neustrelitz 542
Nevsky, Alexander 389
New Deal 182
New Economic Policy (NEP) 86, 87
New Guinea 375, 382, 385
New York 182, 183, 184, 449, 518
New York Times 497, 509, 525
New Zealand 118, 445, 481
Newfoundland 181
Nicaragua 42
Nicolson, Harold 190, 263
Nicolson, Nigel 447
Nietzsche, Friedrich 23
Night and Fog operation 217
Niigata 528
Nikolskoe 249
Nimitz, Chester 524, 529
Nisko 147
Nisko Plan 131
Nitti, Frencesco 1
NKVD 81, 82, 90, 91, 92, 108, 109, 152, 154, 155, 229, 230, 233, 241, 247, 250, 347, 348, 363, 389, 405, 440, 460, 461, 462
No Foreign War Crusade (1937) 181
Normandy 354, 361, 374, 439, 455
Norsk Hydro Works 299–301, 302
North Africa 275, 276, 297, 314, 343, 356, 361, 377–9, 382, 438, 446, 447, 452, 507, 522
North West Frontier 160
Norway 157, 158, 159, 191, 194–7, 221, 298–302, 448, 512, 545
Nowy Targ 404
nuclear weapons 518–32
Fat Man 528, 531
Little Boy 527, 528, 529–30
Nuremberg 59, 77, 121
Nuremberg Laws (1935) 84
Nuremberg Trials 238, 482, 545–8
Nye, Robert 182
Nygaardsvold, Johan 194
Oberg, Karl 211
Obersalzberg 99
October Protocols (1936) 31
Odense 293
Odessa 251
Office of Strategic Services (OSS) 445
OGPU 82, 95
Ohlendorf, Otto 252, 402
Oishi, Colonel Masayuki 265
Okinawa 516
Olsen, Hjalmar 197
Omdurman 160
Onishi, Vice-Admiral Takijiro 552
Operation Alligator 284
Operation Anthropoid 305, 308
Operation Bagration (1944) 349
Operation Barbarossa 253, 312
atrocities of 236–52
failure of 229–36
planning for 221–9
Operation Blue (1942) 235
Operation Bunny Hug 336
Operation Clarion (1945) 511–12
Operation Coronet (1945) 523, 524
Operation Decisive 524
Operation Downfall (1945) 523
Operation Edelweiss (1942) 235
Operation Gomorrah (1943) 499
Operation Green 33
Operation Gunnerside (1943) 300–1
Operation Harvest Festival (1943) 429
Operation Heron (1942) 235
Operation Little Saturn (1942) 236
Operation Olympic (1945) 523, 524
Operation Otto 34
Operation Red 33
Operation Savannah 289
Operation Sea Lion 172, 173
Operation Shatter (1944) 510
Operation Tannenberg 125
Operation Thunderclap (1944) 511
Operation Torch (1942) 356
Operation Typhoon (1941) 232
Operation Uranus (1942) 236
Operation Weserübung 158
Operations Compass 188
Opole 150
Oppenheimer, Kitty 519
Oppenheimer, Robert 519, 520, 523, 525, 526, 527, 531–2
Oradour-sur-Glane 281
Oran 171
Ordensburgen 104
Ordzhonikidze, 87
Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) 241
Orgburo 87
Orsha 249
Orwell, George 95
Osaka 517
Oshima, Hiroshi 20, 113
Oslo 194
Ossendrijver, Andre 475
Ostashkov 154, 155
Ostmark 84
O
wicim 454
Ottawa Conference (1932) 39
Otto Line 148
Ottoman Empire 39
Outer Mongolia 91
Pabst, Helmut 369–70
Pacific 17, 42, 186, 254, 358–9, 361, 507, 529, 558
Pact of Paris see Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928)
Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza 254
Pahlavi, Reza Shah 253–4
Pal, Radhabinod 559
Palatinate 149
Palermo 538
Palestine 446, 450
Palfinger, Alexander 422–3
Palmnicken 541
Panay (US gunboat) 19
Pannwitz, Heinz 307, 549
Paris 44, 69, 71, 201, 204, 205, 209, 210–12, 216, 220, 270, 273
Paris-Soir 41
Park, Air Vice Marshal Keith 175
Parsons, Captain William 519, 529
Passchendaele 493
Patton, George C. 353, 356, 357, 358, 380
Paucker, Arnold 460
Paul-Boncour, Joseph 41
Paulus, Freidrich 223, 236
Pavelíc, Ante 199, 313–14
Pavlov, General Dmitry 230
Peace Ballot (1935) 43
Pearl Harbor 253, 254, 257, 259, 260, 262, 354, 360, 383, 412, 559
Peierls, Rudolf 517, 520
Peirse, Sir Richard 454, 487
Peking 18
Penzlin 542
Percival, General Arthur 262–3, 383
Pershing, General ‘Black Jack’ 353
Persia 253–4
Perth, Lord 67
Petacci, Clara 536, 537
Pétain, Marshal Philippe 171, 199–205, 207, 208, 218, 271, 272, 471
Peugeot, Rodolph 294
Peulevé, Harry 276–7
Philippe of Hesse, Prince 33
Philippines 245, 255, 264, 265, 328, 383, 517, 523, 556, 560
Piaf, Edith 213
Picasso, Pablo 10, 212
Pietromachi, Luca 318
Pinsk 398
Pius XI, Pope 69
Pius XII, Pope 468, 538
Placentia Bay 253, 256, 263
Plunkett-Ernle-Ernle, Admiral Reginald 112
Podolia 404
Poland 15, 24, 29, 40, 51, 69, 70, 74, 78, 159, 175, 184, 191, 215, 217, 222, 224, 289, 352, 390, 412, 429, 449, 452, 545, 549
Army and SS clashes in 130–2
bestiality of assault on 121–3
Bromberg incident 128–30
commencement of hostilities 115–18
Final Solution in 147–52, 440, 467, 468–70
first blitzkreig 119–21
and the Frank family 139–41
German colonisation of 144–6
Kultur in 139, 141–4
occupation and administration of 134–9
proposed attack on 112–14
Soviet invasion 152–5
SS task force in 124–7
unease concerning atrocities in 132–3
Polish 303 Kociuszko Squadron 175
Polish National Council 449, 450
Political Warfare Executive 191
Poltava 232, 462
Pomerania 29, 99
Popular Front 41
Port Arthur 260
Port Moresby 382
Portal, Sir Charles 178, 289, 294, 452, 454, 487, 489, 490, 491–2, 497–8, 500, 513–14
Portugal 74
Posen (Poznán) 110, 135, 155, 539
Potsdam Conference (1945) 29, 527, 528
Potsdam, Day of (1933) 22
Pound, Admiral Dudley 341
Prague 37, 55, 56, 62, 63, 73, 304, 307, 549
Predappio 537
Primieri, General Clemente 318
Prince of Wales 253, 263
Prinz Eugen 55
prisoners-of-war (POWs) 79, 120–1, 136–7, 154–5, 200, 201, 203, 213, 218, 229, 232, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 264, 274, 310, 315, 316, 348, 361, 375, 378, 383, 385–6, 390, 399, 411, 452, 453, 510, 524, 526, 549, 550, 552, 560–1
Profumo, John 159
Prussia 22, 99
Prützmann, Hans-Adolf 395, 399, 400
Przemýsl 131, 463, 464
Pucheu, Pierre 218, 271
Pudney, John 178
Puganov, Major General 347
Purple Heart, The (film) 525
Puyi, Emperor 17
Quebec 520
Queen Victoria Hospital (East
Grinstead) 176
Quisling, Vidkun 194–6, 197, 202
racism 13, 20, 22–5, 27, 44, 64, 106, 136, 261, 379, 381–2, 384–7, 390, 556, 559
Radio Bari 8
Radio Minsk 117
Radio Moscow 191
Radiojournal 57
Radom 135
Raeder, Admiral Erich 32, 172
RAF Medmenham 456
Ramsgate 172, 179
Rangoon 561
Rapallo 109
Rapallo, Treaty of (1920) 2
Ras Imru 9
Rasch, Dr Otto 134, 249, 250
Rastenburg 323, 399, 535
Rath, Ernst von 71
Raubal, Geli 89
Rauter, Hanns Albin 473, 549
Ravensbrück 99, 307, 435–6
Reams, Robert 448
Red Army 54, 79, 91, 109, 155, 157, 224, 226, 229, 230, 233, 239, 240, 242, 244, 247, 254, 345, 346, 347–8, 350, 352, 363, 365, 370, 376, 387, 452, 459, 488, 512, 520, 539, 542, 550
Red Cross 9, 120, 352, 378, 392, 437, 452, 561
Red Star 461
Red Terror 82
Red Years (1919–20) 2
Rediess, Friedrich Wilhelm 195
Ree, Harry 294
Reese, Peter 231, 368, 369, 391
Regensburg 508–9
Regia Aeronautica 314
Regio Esercito 317–18
Reich Labour Service 121, 132, 307
Reich Party Day of Peace (1939) 116
Reichenau, General Walther von 18, 126, 221, 232, 242, 251, 326
Reimann, Colonel 439
Reinecke, Lieutenant General 244
Reinhardt, General Georg-Hans 230, 326, 327
Remphohener, Kurt von 145
Renouvin, Jacques 270, 274
Renthe-Fink, Cecil von 193
Repulse 263
Resistance
in Amiens prison 456
and bending of rules of war 276–7
British involvement in 287–310
development of 268–70
groups involved in 272
organisation of 273–6
reprisals and trade-offs 277–83, 286
stress and risk involved 270–2
upsurge in acts of sabotage 283–6
see also Special Operations Executive (SOE)
Résistance 273
Reynaud, M. 169, 171
Rhineland 22, 28, 31, 40, 44, 45, 200, 219
Ribbentrop, Joachim von 10, 31, 33, 49, 53, 62, 72, 75, 111–12, 112–14, 115, 118, 120, 152, 349, 460, 546
Richtohofen, Wolfram Freiherr von 234
Ridgeway, General 353
Riefenstahl, Leni 105
Riegner, Gerhart 449, 450
Riga 401
Rimini 550
Rivas, Gonzalo Montt 445
Roatta, General Mario 317
Robeson, Paul 461
Robin Moor (freighter) 186
Röhm purge (1934) 6, 85, 549
Rokossovsky, Konstantin 89, 233
Röling, Bert 559
Rome 1, 8, 72, 189, 308–10, 534
Rome-Berlin Axis 11, 54, 74, 111, 183, 186, 188, 191, 223, 236, 254, 270, 271, 272, 315, 316, 320, 352, 356, 447
Rommel, Erwin 107, 201, 314, 326, 343, 378, 379
Roosevelt, Franklin D. 447, 486
British appeals to 168, 170
Chamberlain’s disdain for 54
and Churchill 168, 184, 488
counsellors and generals 311, 319, 340, 350, 353–9
and de Gaulle 275
gangster metaphor of Germany 62
Hitler’s view of 261
and Lend-Lease aid 186, 256
and nuclear weapons 520, 521
and Stalin 351–2
and US participation in War 181–2, 253
and war crime trials 544
Roques, General Franz von 248, 400
Roques, Karl von 400
Rosenberg, Alfred 151, 211, 395
Rostock 480, 497
Rostov-on-Don 232
Rotterdam 473, 484
Royal Air Force (RAF) 39, 167, 172, 173, 174–80, 185, 197, 262, 289, 294, 297–8, 436, 441, 451, 455–6, 462, 493, 498, 506–7
see also Bomber Command
Royal Dutch East Indies Army 473
Royal Flying Corps 484, 493
Royal Naval Air Service 485
Rozenblatt, head of Jewish Order Police (Łód) 426
Ró
ycki, Stanisław 150
Ruhr 455–6, 474, 479, 481, 489, 498–9
Ruines 285
Rumania 40, 54, 70, 74, 118, 173, 189, 223
Rumkowski, Mordechai Chaim 421–5
Runciman, Lady 58
Runciman, Viscount 58, 64
Rundstedt, Gerd von 119, 131, 135, 221, 232, 250, 251
Russia see Soviet Union
Russian Military
2nd Guards Rifle Division 348–9
3rd Guards ‘Stalingrad’ Mechanised Corps 387
395th Rifle Regiment 349
Russo-Polish War 109
Ruthenes 55, 70
Rwanda 547
Rykov, Alexei 91
Saarland 30
Sachsenhausen 99, 141
Saigon 328
St James’s Palace Declaration (1942) 453, 543
Saint-Amand-Montrond 278–83
Saipan 516
Salazar, António de Oliveira 204
Salerno 374
Saló Republic 535, 536
Salonika 418
Salter, Alfred 502
San Fernando 264
Sandrin, René 280, 281
Sandys, Ian Duncan 164, 337
Sanji, Rear Admiral 556
Sardinia 535, 538
Sarraut, Albert 40
Sato, Major Misao 383–4, 527
Scandinavia 158, 192–7
Scavenius, Erik 192, 292, 293
Schacht, Hjalmar 51
Schaefer, Emanuel 130
Scharnhorst 158
Scharway, Captain 400
Schaub, Julius 71
Schindler, Oskar 466–7, 471, 477
Schirach, Baldur von 149
Schleicher, Kurt von 29
Schloss Klessheim 311
Schmald, Walter 286
Schmidt, Corporal Anton 464–5
Schmidt, Paul 118
Schmidt, General Rudolf 245
Schmundt, Rudolf 248
Schnurre, Karl 111
Schobert, General Eugen Ritter von 221, 223, 324
Schöngarth, Karl Eberhard 473
Schoonderwoerd family 475–6
Schorfheide 99
Schulenburg, Friedrich Graf von der 112, 119
Schusnigg, Kurt von 33, 53
Schuster, Cardinal 536
Schwanenwerder 99
Schwarzbart, Ignacy 449
Schwede-Coburg, Franz 144
Schweinfurt 508–9
Scotland, Colonel 543
SD (SS Security Service) 125, 193, 195, 196–7, 211, 227, 239, 240, 249, 285, 417
Seaforth Highlanders 379
Sebastopol 234
Second Panzer Army 245
Second World War 21
appeasement process 38, 39–75
Battle of Britain 173–80, 185
Blitz 37, 179–80, 185, 483, 490, 491
and British determination to carry on 168–72
Churchill factor 158–68
D-Day 381, 454, 458, 500, 540
declarations of support 118
events leading up to 30–4, 112–14
final months 538–43
global 253–67
Greek participation 189
Hitler’s invasion plans 172–3
invasion of Poland 119–33
Italian participation 187–9
and Japanese capitulation 551–5
Japanese participation 255–60, 261–7
northern and western Europe 192
phoney war 158, 487
post-war effects on Germany 550–1
post-war reconstruction 366
repatriation 549–50
Scandinavian offensives 192–7
Soviet invasion 221–52
US participation 181–6, 253
Vichy France 198–220
war crime trials 543–9, 555–62
Seetzen, Heinz 406
Selbourne, Lord 298
Serbia, Serbs 2, 217
Serebryakov, Leonid 96
Serebryakov, Zorya, Women of the French Revolution 96
Sereny, Gita 415
Sèvres, Treaty of 543
Seyss-Inquart, Artur 33–4, 198, 473, 540
Shang Teh-yi 560
Shanghai 16–17, 19, 42
Shaposhnikov, Marshal Boris 345
Shawcross, Sir Hartley 545
Sheffield 177
Shertok, Moshe 457
Shetland Isles 299
Shostakovich, Dmitry 156
Siberia 81, 83, 108, 243, 460
Sicily 374, 538
Sidi Barrani 188
Sieger, Captain 217
Signal 274
Sikorski, Władysław 155, 449, 452, 454
Silesia 84, 135
Silverman, Sydney 450
Simferopol 252
Simon, Sir John 30, 41, 43, 51
Simonov, Konstantin, ‘Wait for Me and I Will Return’ 389
Simpson, Wallis 32
Sinclair, Sir Archibald 458, 489, 492, 493, 497, 502
Singapore 11, 255, 262, 263, 265, 328, 329
Singleton, Mr Justice 491
Sinicyn, Major 145
Sirk, Douglas 308
SIS 287, 289, 294, 445
Skinnarland, Einar 300
Skoda 111
Skorzeny, Otto 535
Sledge, Eugene 364–5
Slim, William ‘Bill’ 342, 343–4
Slovaks 55, 64, 70
Slovenes 2
Slutsk, Abram 91
Smith, Walter Bedell ‘Beetle’ 353, 540
Smuts, Jan 160, 171, 319
Sobibor 404, 412, 415, 451, 471
Soldau 134
Solovetsky Islands 82
Solts, Aaron 94, 95
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander 82
First Circle 83
Prussian Nights 539–40
Somaliland 5, 6, 187
Somervell, General Brehon 354
Somerville, Vice-Admiral James 171
Somme 35, 233
Sook Ching 265
Sorge, Richard 233
South Africa 40, 118, 160, 445, 481
South Tyrol 535
Southgate, Maurice 284
Soviet Union 13, 17, 21, 24, 25, 30, 37, 40, 44, 54, 57, 74, 75, 135, 173, 187, 189, 196, 217, 269, 272, 361, 387–9, 390, 439, 459, 520, 548, 559
atrocities perpetrated in 236–52
and Barbarossa+2 345–52
and bombing of extermination camps
459–60
failed offensive against 229–36
invasion plans 221–9
see also Communism-Nazism; Operation Barbarossa
Spaak, Paul-Henri 296
Spaatz, Carl ‘Tooey’ 506–7, 510, 511
Spaight, J.M. 486
Spain 74
Spanish Civil War 4, 10, 31, 64, 167, 183
Special Operations Executive (SOE) 171, 276, 284, 319, 338
consequences of 299–310
Danish network 292–4
development of 287–91
foreign support for 296–7
and Nazi reprisals 295–6, 298–9, 303, 304, 306–7, 309–10
personnel 291
results of activities 297–9
scepticism concerning 294–5
terrorist activities of 288, 291–2
training 291
see also Resistance
Special Wanted Persons Lists 125, 129
Speer, Albert 221, 320, 429
Speidel, Hans 211
Spruance, Admiral Raymond 358, 359
SS 23, 49, 62, 77, 82, 83, 85, 97, 98, 116, 123, 124–32, 138, 141, 142, 143, 144, 148, 149, 152, 154, 195, 196, 211, 211–12, 219, 227, 238, 239, 245, 247, 249, 283, 286, 299, 309, 361, 389, 396, 401, 406, 407, 431–2, 457, 462, 463, 472, 541, 549
SS German Earth and Stone Works 84
SS-Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler 97, 98
Stafford, David 290
Stahlecker, Walther 195, 247–8
Stalin, Joseph 311, 488, 527
and bombing raids 491, 502
collectivisation and industrialisation policies 87–90
executions and deportations authorised by 91–2, 108, 155, 345, 347, 460
foreign policy 75, 107, 108–11, 113, 119, 145, 254–5, 313
gulag system under 82
and Operation Barbarossa 222, 225, 226, 230, 242
personality cult 80, 115
purges 56
puritanical personality 95
relationship with Churchill and
Roosevelt 350, 351–2
and war crime trials 544
as war leader and strategist 345–53
Stalin Line 224
Stalingrad 232, 236, 356, 363–4, 371, 440
Stangl, Franz 415
Stanley, Oliver 446
Stargard 542
Stark, Admiral Harold 354
Starobelsk 154
Stauffenberg, Count Berthold von 536
Stauning, Thorvald 193, 292
Stavka 345
Steinberg, Paul 433
Stern Gang 446
Stewart, Sidney 366–7
Stilwell, General ‘Vinegar Joe’ 264, 353
Stimson, Henry 42, 186, 354, 521, 522, 522–3, 525, 528, 544
Stokes, Richard 502
Stolp 539
Stoss, Veit 122
Strauss, Franz Josef 241
Streckenbach, Bruno 142
Strength through Joy movement 97
Stresa 7, 30, 31
Stülpnagel, General Carl-Heinrich von 210, 221
Stülpnagel, General Otto von 210, 218, 219–20
Stumme, General Georg 326
Sturzo, Luigi 4
Stutthof 541
Suburov, Alexander 389
Sudeten German Freikorps 61–2
Sudeten German Party 56
Sudeten Germans 55, 56, 57, 58, 59–60, 63, 255
Sudetenland 57, 62, 64, 68, 70, 124, 308
Suez 3
Suez Canal 8, 52
Sugiyama, Field Marshal Hajime 257, 552
Suhard, Cardinal 219
Sulawesi 264
Suluks 561
Sverdlovsk 464
Sweden 157
Swit (Polish radio) 191–2
Switzerland 449, 464, 537
Sykes, Eric 291
Système-D 206–7
Szabò, Violette 291
Szilard, Leo 526
Taft, Robert 183
Taft, William 522
Taisho 12
Taittinger, Pierre-Charles 211
Taiwan, Taiwanese 263, 267, 556
Tajiks 78
Taliban 551
Tanggu Truce (1933) 18
Taranto 189, 260
Target for Tonight (film) 185
Tatra Mountains 140
Tavistock, Marquis of 51
Tehran 351
Telechany 397
Televåg 299
Teller, Edward 521
Temple, William, Archbishop of
Canterbury 503
Terboven, Josef 194, 195, 196, 299
Terijoki 156
Texcier, Jean, Conseils á l’occupé 215
Thailand 255, 329
Theresienstadt 542
Thoma, General Ritter von 318, 438
Thomalla, Richard 412
Thorak, Josef 98
Thyssen, Fritz 108
Tientsin 18
Tilsit 407
Times, The 46, 60, 74, 450, 459
Timor 264
Tinian 516, 529, 531
Tiso, Monsignor Jozef 72
Tito, Marshal 199, 297
Titsch, Raimund 466
Tiverton, Lord 485
Tizard, Sir Henry 491
Tobruk 188
Todorov, Tzvetan 434
Todt, Fritz 57
Todt Organisation 214
Togo, Admiral 260
Tojo, General Hideki 258, 259, 260, 552, 561
Tokyo 11, 20, 21, 233, 312, 515, 516–17, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 547, 555
Torgau 541
Tory, Avraham 420–1
Toyoda, Teijiro 256
Transit Rout IV (Galicia) 412
Trawniki 401
Treaty for the Renunciation of War as an
Instrument of National Policy see Kellogg–Briand Treaty
Treblinka 404, 415, 451, 461
Treitschke, Heinrich von 21
Trenchard, General Sir Hugh ‘Boom’ 485, 507
Trenet, Charles 213, 471
Trentino 535
Tresckow, Lieutenant Colonel Henning von 248
Trier 437
Trieste 535
Tripartite Alliance 21, 261
Triple Alliance 111
Triple Entente 13
Tripolitania 5
Trotsky, Leon 86, 460
Trotskyist-Zinoviev Centre 90–1
Truman, Harry 521, 523, 527, 531–2
Trummler, Dr Hans 125
Truth Prevails (radio station) 55
Trzebinia 456
Tsolakoglou, General Georgios 199
Tsushima, Battle of (1905) 260
Tukhachevsky, Marshal 109–10
Tulle 285–6, 361
Tulp, Sybren 473, 474
Tunisia 356, 357, 438
Turkey 54
Ugaki, Matome 552
Ukraine, Ukrainians 78, 88, 148, 152, 230, 231, 247, 250, 286, 328, 361, 437, 476
Ultra 500
Umberto, King 537–8
UN Commission on Human Rights 562
Union of Malay Youth 266–7
United Movements of the Resistance (MUR) 275
United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes 453, 543–4
United States of America 14, 17, 21, 42, 43, 181–6, 222, 258, 260, 261–2, 272, 445
Upper Silesia 110, 124, 129
Urania (radio station) 57
US Army Air Force (USAAF) 354, 355, 455, 457, 459, 462, 482, 483, 495, 499, 500
bombing of Europe 506–14
bombing of Japan 514–17, 526–32
US Military
36th ‘Texan’ Infantry Division 376
71 ‘Eagle’ Squadron 185
82nd Airborne 373
101st Airborne 373
180th Infantry Regiment 380
509th Composite Group 528
combined Fifteenth Air Force and RAF in Italy 507
Eighth Air Force 506, 507–8
Expeditionary Force 353
II Corps 357
Strategic Air Forces in Europe 507
Twelfth Air Force 507
Twenty-First Air Force 515
USS Indianapolis 527, 528
USS Kearny 186
USS Reuben James 186
Utrecht 473
Uzbeks 78
Vailati, Bruno 310
Vallat, Xavier 208
Valmy 273
Valois, Georges 205
Vansittart, Robert 8, 43
Varecka, Hugo 70
Vatican Radio 191
Velletri 390
Venice 6, 536
Verdun 35, 203, 233
Verona 536
Verona Manifesto (1944) 536
Versailles, Treaty of (1919) 6, 11, 18, 22, 28, 30, 34, 36–7, 44, 72, 109, 200, 324
Vichy France 255, 266, 317, 471, 522, 559
black market in 206–7
collaboration in 204, 214–16, 272
critics of 207
cultural aspects 212–14
deployment of troops in 209–12
detainment and trials in 204
establishment of 200–3
executions and assassinations in 216–20
Jews in 208–9, 219–20
Resistance in 269–86
support for 204–5
territory of 200–1
Victor Emmanuel III 3, 7, 534, 537
Vienna 23, 34, 70, 417, 535
Vierzon 209
Vietnam 266
Vigors, Tim 174
Vilna 449, 461, 464–5
Vistula Illustrated 143
Vladivostok 272
Vlaminck, Maurice de 213
Voigt, Frederick 49
Voiron 276
Völkischer Beobachter 352
Volkogonov, General Dmitry 349
Vologda 232
Vorkuta 77, 82
Vorob’ev, General P.I. 347–8
Voroshilov, Kliment 75, 87, 254, 345
Vrba, Rudolf 453
Vyazma 232
Vyshinsky, Andrei 96
Wachsturmbann Eimann 143–4
Wächter, Werner 71
Wake Island 552
Wallenberg, Raoul 471, 477
Wannsee Conference (1942) 412, 473
war crimes and criminals 453, 459, 482
see also Nuremberg Trials
War Crimes Group 547
War over England 37
Warlimont, General Walter 322
Warsaw 112, 119, 120, 121, 135, 137, 151, 192, 451, 455, 465, 484
Warsaw ghetto 149–50, 412, 421, 423, 449
Warthegau 411
Washington Treaty 42
Waugh, Evelyn 8
Wavell, General Archibald 188, 189, 263, 338–9
Webb, Beatrice 80
Webb, Sidney 80
Webb, Sir William 557
Weichs, Maximilian Freiherr von 221, 245, 249
Weicker, Lowell 511
Weimar Republic 24, 25, 29, 30, 96, 102, 144, 324
Weizmann, Chaim 185, 457
Wells, H.G., Shape of Things to Come 35
Wenneker, Vice-Admiral Paul 312
West Prussia 110, 117, 145
West Volhynia 404
Westerbork 471, 472, 474
Western Front 187, 338, 495, 507
Westminster, ‘Benny’, Duke of 36
Wetjen, Reinhold 310
Wetzel, Fritz 195
Wetzler, Alfréd 453
Widmann, Albert 411
Wiedemann, Captain Fritz 58
Wiesbaden 200
Wilhelm II, Kaiser 13, 62, 543
Wilhelmina, Queen 198
Wilhelmshaven 487
Wilkie, Wendell 183, 351
Wilson, ‘Jumbo’ 341
Wilson, Sir Horace 50, 65–6
Wilson, Woodrow 1, 44
Winant, John 184
Wirth, Christian 410
Wise, Stephen 450
Wittmer, Major 245
Witzleben, General Erwin von 249
Wolff, Karl 399
Wöllersdorf 30
Women’s Army Corp 355
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force 174
Wood, General Robert 182
World Jewish Congress 449, 450
World Zionist Organisation 449
Woronesch 464
Woyrsch, Udo von 124, 131
Wuppertal 498
Wurm, Theophil 441
Wyszanow 126–7
Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial 466
Yagoda, Genrikh 90–1, 95
Yale University Law School 182
Yalta Conference (1945) 501, 512, 521
Yamamoto, Fleet Admiral Isoruko 358, 359
Yamashita, General Tomoyuki 262, 263, 264–5, 312, 328–9, 383, 556
Yangtze 19
Yank 447
Yates, Dornford 291
Yeshuv 318
Yezhov, Evgenia 92
Yezhov, Nikolai 87, 89–90, 91–2, 95–6, 109
Yokohama 517
Yorktown 359
Young Pioneers 103
Young Plan (1929) 26, 28
Young Turk movement 543
Yugoslavia 5, 40, 44, 70, 189, 191, 221, 290, 297, 317, 536, 547
‘Z Plan’ 60
Zambröw 121
Zamoyski, Count Stefan 454
Zemke, Colonel Hubert 509
Zetland, Lord 37
Zhukov, Georgy 233, 256, 345
Zingales, General Francesco 315
Zinoviev, Grigory 90, 460
Zionism 153, 421, 446, 447, 449, 460, 468, 520, 551
Zitomir 250
Zog, King 297
Zöpf, Willi 473
Zoppot 144, 539
Zoria, Nikolai 546
Zubalovo 95
Zuilen 475
Zweig, Stefan 67
Zygelbojm, Szmul 449–50