Acts of the Apostles, 29, 36, 55, 57, 147, 244, 310, 311–312
Africa, missions to, 332, 347, 349, 358, 362
Ambrose of Milan, 8, 24, 37, 42, 60, 228
Anabaptists, 10, 50, 120, 133, 136, 144, 201
Anglican Communion, 129, 134, 298, 299, 300, 301
Anglicanism, 10, 50, 52, 129, 209, 283, 292, 298–301, 360
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 258–259
mysticism and, 181
teachings, 299
worship and organization, 300–301
Anselm of Canterbury, 174–175, 188, 213
Apologists, the, 4, 6–7, 34–35, 36, 68–70, 162, 219, 233
Apostles, 20, 21, 25–26, 29, 36, 53, 57, 72, 127, 129, 143, 147, 219, 232, 233, 237, 240, 256, 299, 307, 312, 353
Apostles’ Creed, 29–30, 55, 61, 101, 235, 249, 256, 299, 304, 352, 358
Aquinas, Thomas, 49, 70–71, 75–76, 87, 157–158, 169, 170, 173, 178, 181, 217, 223, 233, 239
and Christian philosophy, 167–168
architecture, church, 42, 44–45
Arian controversy, 37, 39–40, 70, 106
Arianism, 38, 40, 70, 261, 265
Aristides, 68
Armenian Apostolic Church, 275–277
art, and iconography, 151–155
Asia, missions to, 332, 341, 342, 344, 345–347, 348, 349, 358, 362, 364
Athanasian Creed, 106, 304, 352
Athanasius of Alexandria, 39, 40, 42, 61, 73, 101, 116, 148
atheism, 2, 79, 87, 168, 197, 199
Augsburg Confession, 283, 284, 285, 299, 304, 357
Augustine, Saint (of Hippo), 8, 34, 38, 39, 42, 45, 56, 68–69, 75, 87, 109, 113, 117, 119, 130, 106, 165–166, 187, 188, 196, 207–208, 223, 233, 284, 286
Augustine of Canterbury, Saint, 338
baptism, 20, 22, 25, 26, 29, 34, 35, 54, 59–61, 145, 244, 252, 288, 296, 299, 305, 336, 359
Baptists and, 302
Disciples of Christ and, 326
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 272–273
Roman Catholicism and, 235–236, 240–241
Baptist churches/Baptists, 122, 139, 210, 212, 283, 301–305, 311, 316, 318, 324
contents of faith, 302–304
worship and organization, 304–305
Baradaeus, Jacob, 279
Basil the Great, 42, 73, 91, 139, 148, 185, 265, 269–270, 273
Benedictine Rule, 46
Bernard of Clairvaux, 102, 122, 188, 195
birth control and Christianity, 228–229
bishop, role of in church, 128–129, 134, 135, 234
Briggs, Charles A., 315
Byzantine Empire, 40, 43, 153, 202–203, 208, 337–338, 340, 355
Cabasilas, Nicholas, 266
Calixtus, 133
Calvin, John, 50, 76, 102, 117, 133, 136, 144, 147, 201, 231, 282, 351, 356, 357
history of Reformed church and, 291–293, 294, 295
Calvinism, 135, 286, 296, 301–302, 325
Campbell, Alexander, 324, 325–327
Catholic churches, 232–257
Old Catholic churches, 232, 254–257
Roman, 232–254
Celsus, 68
Chalcedon, Council of, 40–41, 43, 44, 70, 73, 77, 81, 94, 163, 259, 262, 274, 275, 276, 277, 279, 280, 352, 355
Charlemagne, 43–44, 46, 62, 120, 156, 203, 208, 216, 265, 339
China, missions to, 341, 342–343, 346
Christian history, 15–52
contemporary Christianity, 52
the early church, 15–24
great East-West schism, 47–48
internal development of early Christian church, 25–30
liturgy and the arts after Constantine, 41–47
medieval thought, 49
papacy and empire, 49
Photian schism, 47
Reformation, 49–50
relations between Christianity and Greco-Roman culture, 30–38
from schism to the present, 48–49
from 16th to 20th century, 50–52
theological controversies of 4th and 5th centuries, 38–41
Christianity
conception of human nature, 108–126
conflicting Christian attitudes, 364–365
contemporary/modern views, 11–14, 52
doctrine, 53–81
early views, 3–8
essence and identity of, 1–14
God and, 82–107
history of, 15–52
intolerance and, 130–131
medieval and reformation views, 8–10
mysticism and, 180–198
philosophy of, 159–179
relationship to the world and, 199–231
world religions and, 362–365, 366
Christian Science, 219–220
Christ-mysticism, 183, 188, 196
Christological controversies, 40, 94–95
Chrysostom, John, 40, 42, 60, 139, 253, 269, 270, 273
church, Christian, 127–158
authority and dissent, 130–132
evolution of episcopal office, 129–130
liturgy, 138–139
new liturgical forms and antiliturgical attitudes, 139–141
normative defenses in the early, 128–129
organization, 132–134
polity, 134–138
tradition, 141–158
church and state, 201–209
Byzantine Empire, 202–203
in Eastern and Western theology, 206–209
and Lutheranism, 286–287
Roman Empire, 202
separation of, 205–206, 216–217, 286, 303, 345
Western states, 203–204
Church of England, 62, 257, 283, 299, 300, 301, 321
Clement of Alexandria, 24, 34, 35, 36, 151, 153, 184, 364
communion rite/Holy Communion, 249–250, 299, 306
confession of faith, 304
confirmation, 60–61, 241, 244, 288
Congregationalism, 136–137, 295–298, 304
polity, 296–298
practices, 296
teachings, 296
Congregation for the Oriental Churches, 252
consensus and church, 74–76
Constantine, 40, 42, 66, 70, 94, 111, 146, 149, 163, 202, 208, 219, 336
conversion to Christianity, 32–33, 36–37, 131, 336
liturgy and the arts after, 41–47, 152
Constantinople (Byzantium), 36, 37, 40, 43, 47, 49, 99, 129, 130, 208, 266, 340, 355–356
Constantinople, Council of, 70, 73, 77, 80, 163, 259, 263, 355
Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, 277–278
cosmological argument for existence of God, 173–174
Counter-Reformation, 51, 151, 153, 201, 204, 216, 220–221
creeds and confessions, 77–79
Cromwell, Oliver, 121, 150, 295, 296
Crusades, 120, 122, 131, 341, 356
Cyril of Alexandria, 40, 41, 46, 262, 275, 277
Darby, Nelson, 314
Dark Ages, literature and arts of, 44–46
Darwin, Charles, 87–88, 113, 172, 313, 317
Daughters of Charity, 221
Deism, 88
design argument of existence of God, 171–173
Disciples of Christ, 324–328, 359, 360
controversy and separation, 324–325
teachings, 325–326
worship and organization, 326–328
doctrine, Christian, 53–81
catechesis, 59–61
consensus, 74–76
creeds and confessions, 77–79
defending the faith, 67–70
dogma, 72–74
emergence of official, 163–166
ethics, 64–67
evangelism, 57–59
liturgy, 61–64
maturation of understanding, 79–81
nature and functions of, 53–55
respecting language and knowledge, 70–71
respecting places and peoples, 71–72
scripture and tradition, 55–56
Dodd, C.H., 55–56
Döllinger, J.J.I. von, 254, 256, 257
Dominicans, 144, 191, 251, 342, 343, 347
Eastern and Nestorian missions, 340–341
Eastern Orthodoxy, 115, 252, 258–281, 360
art and iconography in, 153–155
Christian mysticism and, 184–187
church and state and, 206–209
communism and, 144
consensus and, 74–75
controversies, 39–41
dogma, 73
great East-West schism of 1054, 47–48, 355–356
liturgy and, 140–141
modern theological developments, 266–267
monarchical principle and, 129–130
Oriental Orthodoxy, 252, 274–281
political relations with West, 43–44
Scriptures and, 128
worship and sacraments, 145, 267–274
Eastern rite churches, 251–254
history of, 251–252
organization of, 252–253
relationship to other churches, 252
the rites, 253–254
Eckhart, Meister, 190, 195, 197
ecumenism, 13, 52, 55, 73, 135, 212, 216, 267, 333, 351–361
biblical perspective, 353–354
history of, 354–361
Eddy, Mary Baker, 219–220
education and church, 213–218
forms of Christian education, 215–218
religious education and Reformed church, 294
Edwards, Jonathon, 322
emigrations, role of imminent expectation in, 121–123
Enlightenment, 11, 51, 69, 85, 89, 93, 201, 205, 219, 322, 365
Ephesus, Council of, 73, 80, 98, 259, 262, 355
Erigena, Johannes Scotus, 187–188
eschatological expectations and secularization, 123–124
eschatology, 117–126
expectations of kingdom of God in early Christianity, 118–119
Lutheranism and, 287–288
social, and Reformed/Presbyterian churches, 295
Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, 279–281
Eucharist, the, 20, 25, 35, 60, 62, 138, 145, 146–147
Anglicanism and, 300
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 140–141, 273
Reformed Church and, 294
Roman Catholicism and, 141, 241–244, 249
Eucharist Prayer IV, 62–64
Evagrius Ponticus, 185
Evangelicalism, 134, 283, 302, 319, 320, 321–324
evolution, and Christianity, 71, 87–88, 89, 113, 317–318, 319–320
exorcism, 219
faith and reason, 169–171
family, church and, 225–229
Feuerbach, Ludwig, 87
Fox, George, 331
Franciscans, 100, 144, 251, 342, 343
Francis of Assisi, 10, 109, 188
Francke, August Hermann, 103, 209, 216, 222, 344
freedom
misuse of, 110–111
and responsibility, 231
fundamentalism, Christian, 134, 283, 302, 313–321
doctrinal and institutional development, 315–321
origins of, 313–315
Galileo, 215
Gentile mission, 20–22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 335
gnostics/gnosticism, 25, 30, 34, 68, 79, 91, 128, 143, 183–184, 192, 228, 266, 335, 354
God, 82–107
arguments for existence of, 171–177
belief in oneness of father and son, 84–85
characteristic features of Christian concept of, 7, 83–84
contemporary views of, 88–89
as creator, sustainer, and judge, 86–88
and doctrine of Virgin Mary and Holy Wisdom, 97–99
God the Father, 37, 39, 59, 84–85
God the Holy Spirit, 39, 59, 99–104
God the Son, 37, 39, 59, 93–99
revelatory character of, 85–86
view that God is not solitary, 88
Gospels, the, 3, 4, 5–6, 17–18, 19, 21, 22, 28–29, 53, 56, 97, 183, 237, 249, 270
Great Awakening, 301–302, 321, 322
Greece
influence of philosophy on Christian philosophy, 159–162
relations between Christianity and Greco-Roman culture, 6–7, 15, 30–38
Gregory I the Great, 42, 43, 45, 46, 48, 153, 187, 203, 270, 338
Gregory VII, 49
Gregory XV, 344
Gregory of Nazianzus, 223, 265, 277
Gregory of Nyssa, 185, 261, 265
Gregory the Illuminator, 275, 276
hagiography, 42
Harnack, Adolf Von, 12, 70, 168, 181
Hebrew Bible/Scriptures, 7, 16, 28, 29, 30, 35, 56–57, 68, 86, 89, 131, 142, 152, 236, 262, 294, 325–326, 335, 353
Henry, Carl F.H., 322–323
Henry the Navigator, 341–342
heretical movements, early, 30
Holiness churches, 102, 141, 307, 308, 310, 311, 324
holy orders
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 273
Roman Catholicism and, 247–248
Holy Spirit, 59, 115–116, 138, 183
conflict between order and charismatic freedom, 100–102
contradictory aspects of, 99–100
and Eastern Orthodoxy, 263
operations of, 102–104
Holy Trinity, 59, 73, 79, 104–107
attempts at a definition, 106–107
basis for doctrine of, 104–105
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 265
introduction of Neoplatonic themes, 105
homoousios, 70
humanism, 217
humanitarian motivations, 212–213
human nature, Christian conception of, 108–126
the charismatic believer, 115–116
Christian perfection, 116
eschatology, 117–126
fellow humans as the present Christ, 116–117
human as a creature, 108–109
human as image of God, 109–110
the human being in the light of Christ, 113
human liberation, 114–115
human redemption, 110–111
joy in human existence, 115
problem of suffering, 111
progressive human perfection, 112–113
the “reborn” human, 113–114
resurrection of the body, 112
Huntington, William Reed, 299
Iconoclastic Controversy, 153, 154, 156, 259
identity, question of Christian, 14
Ignatius of Antioch, 25, 183, 219
illuminated manuscripts, 44, 45
Immaculate Conception, 73, 80, 98, 267
India, missions to, 342, 343–344, 345–346, 358
individual, church and the, 229–231
intellectualism versus anti-intellectualism, 213–215
Inward Light, 329, 330–331, 332
Irenaeus, 28, 29, 30, 35, 38, 79–80, 183
Islam
in Africa and Asia, 121
Christian church/missions and, 43, 341, 356, 364
Coptic Orthodox Church and, 277
intolerance toward by Christians, 131
James (brother of Jesus), 21, 25
Jerome, 8, 28, 36, 148, 228, 336
Jesuits, 191, 215, 216, 251, 266, 342–343, 344, 346, 347, 364–365
Jesus Christ
about life of, 3, 4, 6, 17–20, 21
Arian controversy and, 39
Christological controversies, 40, 94–95
Congregationalism and, 296, 297
different interpretations of person of, 93–94
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 261–263, 270–271
ecumenism and, 353
Eucharist and, 138, 241–243, 244
as focus of Christianity, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5–6, 8, 9, 14, 61, 68, 233
as God the Son, 84–85, 93–95, 98, 105
the Gospels/New Testament and, 28, 53, 56, 72, 84
Hegelian view of, 11–12
messianic views, 95–97, 111, 127, 233
mysticism and, 183–184, 185–186, 188
Oriental Orthodoxy and, 274–275
Reformed/Presbyterian churches and, 292, 293
relation of early church to career and intentions of, 17–20
as Saviour/Redeemer, 72, 110, 117, 118, 236
Second Coming of, 118, 120, 121, 142, 312, 313, 314–315, 354
structure of his community and, 127
Unitarian view of, 11
Joachim of Fiore, 100, 106, 120
John XXIII, 67, 132, 144, 234, 360
John of Damascus, 43, 44, 74, 271
John of the Cross, 181, 183, 191, 195, 197
John Paul II, 67, 75, 150–151, 183, 192, 212, 215, 216, 247, 252, 257, 350, 366
John the Baptist, 18–19, 97, 240
Judaism/Jews, 86, 89, 91, 95, 103, 118, 127, 341
early Christianity and, 3, 4, 7, 15, 16–17, 20–21, 22, 24, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35, 128, 130–131, 142–143, 145–146, 335
intolerance toward by Christians, 130–131
in Middle Ages, 8
jurisdictional authority, problem of and early church, 25–27
justification, and Lutheranism, 284
Justin Martyr, 28, 34, 36, 68, 213, 216
Kant, Immanuel, 12, 69, 87, 107, 175, 176, 178, 215
Kierkegaard, Søren, 167–168, 170
Kingdom of God, expectations of
in early Christianity, 118–119
in medieval and Reformation periods, 119–121
in missions and emigrations, 121–123
in post-Reformation period, 121
and secularization, 123–124
Lambeth Quadrilateral, 299
Last Judgment, 125–126
Latin, use of in Christianity, 38, 42, 70
Latin America, missions to, 332, 342, 347–348, 349, 358
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 87, 358, 365
Leo III the Isaurian, 43
life after death, concepts of, 124–126
the arts after Constantine and, 41–47
the church and, 138–139
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 139, 140, 268–271
liturgy of the Eucharist, 249, 269–270
liturgy of the Word, 249
Lutheranism and, 288–289
new liturgical forms and antiliturgical attitudes, 139–141
Reformed/Presbyterian churches and, 294
Logos, 4, 5–6, 11, 21, 35, 39, 86, 94, 97, 105, 128, 163, 184, 213
Löhe, Wilhelm, 285
Lombard, Peter, 75
Lord’s Supper, 20, 31, 142, 145, 241, 252, 285–286, 288, 296, 305, 326, 353, 357, 359
love as basis of Christian ethics, 229–231
Luther, Martin, 50, 76, 102, 114, 115, 120, 135, 136, 139, 144, 145, 147, 151, 209, 213, 216, 228, 231, 282, 314, 344, 351, 356, 364
history of Lutheranism and, 283, 284, 285, 286–287, 288, 293
Lutheranism, 10, 135, 137, 221, 283–291, 292–293, 304, 344, 360
eschatological movements and, 121
teachings, 283–288
worship and organization, 288–291
Mark, St., 42, 138, 254, 277, 278
Christian conception of, 125
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 274
Roman Catholicism and, 246–247
same sex, 256
martyrs, 336
veneration of, 42, 146, 150, 227
Mary, Virgin, 4, 73, 80, 97–99, 183, 262, 263, 342
Assumption of, 267
icons of, 155
Immaculate Conception and, 267
mass, order of the, 248–251
Maximus the Confessor, 44, 185, 261
McAlister, R.E., 311
medieval Christianity, 49, 201
expectations of God in, 119–121
missions during, 338–341
views during, 8–10
Melanchthon, Philipp, 283, 356, 357
messianic views, 95–97
Methodist churches/Methodists, 12, 122, 210, 212, 305–307, 324, 360
teachings, 305–306
worship and organization, 306–307
Milan, Edict of, 33
ministry
and Anglicanism, 299
and Lutheranism, 286
miracles, arguments for existence of God from, 177
missions/missionaries, 46–47, 51, 52, 57, 71, 312, 333–351, 365
biblical foundations of, 335
destruction of indigenous religions and, 131
first transition, 335–336
fourth transition, 349–350
history of Christian missions, 335–351
role of imminent expectation in, 121–123
scripture translations and, 350–351
second transition, 337–341
third transition, 341–349
monasticism, 37, 43, 46–47, 147–149, 184
moral arguments for existence of God, 176
Moral Majority, 320
More, Thomas, 123
Müntzer, Thomas, 100, 120, 132
music and singing, 42, 44, 64, 294, 304, 306, 324
mysticism, Christian, 180–198
defined and explained, 180–183
forms of, 196–197
history of, 183–194
significance of, 198
stages of, 194–196
natural theology, 171–179
arguments for existence of God, 171–177
immortality of soul and, 177–179
Nazis/National Socialism, 200, 205, 212, 287
negative mysticism, 197
Neoplatonism, 86, 95, 106, 109, 158, 166, 167, 184, 186, 187
Holy Trinity and introduction of Neoplatonic themes, 105
influence on Christianity, 162–163
nature and history of, 160–161
Neoscholasticism, 181
Nestorianism, 261–262, 340–341, 343, 355
Nestorian missions, 46, 336, 340–341
Newman, John Henry, 69–70, 80, 81
New Testament, 3–4, 7, 11, 17, 18, 28–29, 53, 55–57, 61, 84, 89, 91, 101, 114, 143, 225, 237, 270, 294, 297, 310, 326, 335
canon of, 128
ecumenism and, 353–354
Holy Spirit and, 115
joy and, 115
mysticism and, 184
new man and, 113
perfection and, 116
progression of salvation in history and, 112
Nicaea, Council of, 37, 39, 40, 43, 70, 73, 77, 80, 157, 163, 238, 259, 261, 271, 352, 355
Nicene Creed, 41, 55, 70, 77–79, 80, 101, 125, 249, 256, 259, 265, 270, 299, 304, 336, 355, 356
North America, missions to, 342, 345, 358
Oberlin, Johann Friedrich, 222
Oetinger, F.C., 123
Old Catholic churches, 254–257
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 259
ecumenical relationships, 257
organization of, 256
origins of, 254–256
theological position, 256
Old Testament, 7, 11, 28, 29, 30, 36, 38, 57, 118, 127, 143, 225, 236, 325–326, 353
ontological argument for existence of God, 174–176
Oriental Orthodoxy, 73, 129, 252, 274–281, 355
Origen, 34, 36, 40, 68, 98, 117, 146, 184–185, 188, 197, 241
orphanages, 222
orphans and widows, care for, 221–222
Orthodox missions, 348–349
Otto, Rudolf, 13, 82–83, 181, 366
Pachomonius, 149
Pacific region, missions to, 332, 347, 349
Palamas, Gregory, 44, 81, 187, 259, 266
Pannenberg, Wolfhart, 285
Parham, Charles Fox, 308, 310, 311
Pascal, Blaise, 170
Paul VI, 48, 234, 243, 247, 360
Paul the Apostle, 17, 20–22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 55, 56, 57, 66, 72, 80, 86, 100, 103, 113, 114, 183, 196, 202, 210–211, 233, 237, 240, 241, 244, 284, 335, 353
penance, 273–274
Pentecostalism, 100, 102, 103, 134, 137–138, 140, 283, 307–313, 324, 348
international growth of, 103–104, 311–313, 350
origins of, 307–311
Peter (Apostle), 27, 56, 80, 130, 244, 279, 339, 353
primacy of in Eastern Orthodoxy, 258
Philo of Alexandria, 5, 21, 24, 35, 86, 162
philosophy, Christian, 159–179
Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas and, 166–168
emergence of official doctrine, 163–166
faith and reason and, 169–171
influence of Greek philosophy, 159–162
influence of Neoplatonism, 162–163
as natural theology, 171–179
other influences, 168–169
Photian schism, 47
Pietism, 121, 123, 192, 211, 222, 224, 231, 285, 295, 321, 322, 344
Pilate, Pontius, 18, 19, 60, 110, 155
Plato, 5, 24, 34, 109, 162, 178
Platonism, 24, 34, 35, 68, 159, 160, 161, 185
Plotinus, 105, 160–162, 165, 187
papal missions, 338–340
Roman Catholic Church and, 130
as spokesman for Christianity, 8
poverty and the poor, 222–225
predestination, 293
Presbyterian and Reformed churches, 10, 291–295, 296, 304, 316
property and Christianity, 222
Protestant Christianity/churches, 52, 282–332
Anglicanism, 298–301
Baptist churches, 301–305
birth control and, 229
caring for sick and, 221
Christian fundamentalism, 313–321
Christian mysticism and, 192–194
Congregationalism, 295–298
consensus in, 76
Disciples of Christ, 324–328
Evangelicalism, 321–324
Lutheranism, 283–291
Methodist churches, 305–307
missions, 344–348
Pentecostalism, 307–313
the poor and, 224
Reformed and Presbyterian churches, 291–295
sacraments and, 145
Society of Friends (Quakers), 328–332
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, 185, 186, 187, 197
purgatory, 126
Puritans/Puritanism, 122, 136, 137, 192, 194, 201, 209, 211, 292, 294, 295, 296, 304
Quakers (Society of Friends), 10, 100, 122, 210, 283, 296, 328–332
mysticism and, 192
teachings, 329–332
world Christianity and, 332
reconciliation, and Roman Catholicism, 244–245
Reformation, 49–50, 51, 81, 120, 135, 139, 201, 204, 208, 209, 220–221, 234, 282–283, 304
church discipline/organization and, 133–134
ecumenism and, 356–357
education and, 213
expectations of kingdom of God in, 119–121
expectations of kingdom of God in post-Reformation period, 121
intolerance of, 131–132
missions and, 344
the poor and, 224
Reformed and Presbyterian churches, 291–295
Reformed and Presbyterian churches, 10, 62, 283, 291–295, 324, 325, 360
teachings, 292–293
worship and organization, 134–138, 293–295
relics, veneration of, 146–147
religious education, and Reformed/Presbyterian churches, 294
religious experience, argument for existence of God from, 176–177
resurrection of the body, 112
Ricci, Matteo, 342–343
Richard of Saint-Victor, 188, 195, 197
Roberts, Oral, 323
Roman Catholicism, 232–254
beliefs and practices, 233–235
bilateral conversations and, 360–361
birth control and, 229
canon law and, 129
caring for sick and, 221
Eastern rite churches, 251–254
ecumenism, 360–361
eschatological movements and, 121
intolerance and, 132
Lutheranism and, 284, 285, 286, 291, 360
major dogmas and doctrines, 73, 235–237, 238
missions and, 341–344
monasticism and, 149
mysticism and, 181–183, 187–192
order of the mass, 248–251
papacy and, 130
the poor and, 224
Reformed/Presbyterian churches and, 291, 292, 360
saints and, 150–151
tradition and scripture, 128, 237–238
Western, and Christian mysticism, 187–192
Roman Empire
becomes Christian, 7, 37, 40, 163, 215, 336, 339
the church and, 202
early Christianity and, 22, 24, 335, 336
the papacy and, 49
schism of 1054 and, 355–356
Russian Orthodox missions, 340, 348–349
Ruysbroeck, Jan van, 191, 195, 197
sacraments
Catholicism and, 238–248
Eastern Orthodoxy and, 271–274
Lutheranism and, 285–286
Reformed/Presbyterian churches and, 293
veneration of, 41, 42–43, 146, 150–151
salvation, idea of, 7, 8–9, 15, 71–72, 92
the origin of evil and, 89–93, 96
Savonarola, Girolamo, 10
Schelling, Friedrich, 125
great East-West (1054), 47–48, 129, 238, 258, 274, 338, 355–356
Great Schism (1378–1417), 204
Photian, 47
Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 69, 125, 168, 201
science and Christianity, 215
Scopes, John T., 317–318
scriptural authority, problem of and early church, 27–29
scripture and tradition, 55–57
Lutheranism and, 284
Reformed/Presbyterian churches and, 293
Roman Catholicism and, 234, 237–238
scripture translation, 350–351, 358
secularization and eschatological expectations, 123–124
Sermon on the Mount, 65, 66, 142
sexuality and Christianity, 227–229, 256
sick, the
healing and care for, 218–221
slavery and persecution, problem of in Christianity, 210–212
Smyth, John, 303
Social Gospel, 212
social welfare, church and, 218–225
society, church and, 209–213
Society of Friends (Quakers), 10, 137, 328–332
teachings, 329–332
world Christianity and, 332
Söderblom, Nathan, 13, 151, 360
Solovyov, Vladimir, 93, 99, 112
soul, immortality of and natural theology, 177–179
South America, missions to, 347–348
sovereignty of God and double predestination, 293
speaking in tongues, 307, 308, 310, 312
Stace, Walter T., 180
Strauss, David Friedrich, 12
suffering, problem of and Christianity, 111
Symeon the New Theologian, 44, 186, 195, 196, 266
Synoptic Gospels, 18, 19, 22, 28, 183, 233, 241
Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and all of East, 278–279
Teresa of Ávila, 181, 191, 195
Tertullian, 29, 30, 34, 36, 38, 68, 79–80, 106, 116, 162, 241
theodicy, 87
theological authority, problem of and early church, 29–30
theological motivations, 212–213
Theophilus, 68
Tillich, Paul, 85, 168, 216, 284
Tindal, Matthew, 69
tradition, church, 141–158
Trent, Council of, 61, 62, 73, 145, 147, 233, 237, 239, 304
Trinitarian mysticism, 196–197
Troeltsch, Ernst, 13
Tyndale, William, 284
Valentinus, 183–184
Vatican Council, First (Vatican I), 73, 232, 233, 234, 254, 259
Vatican Council, Second (Vatican II), 52, 73, 132, 144, 150, 216, 233, 234, 240, 243, 245, 246–247, 251, 252, 350, 360, 366
veneration of places, objects, and people, 145–147
Walther, C.F.W., 285
Wesley, John, 12, 76, 103, 305, 306, 322
Western Christianity/church
Christian mysticism and, 187–192
church and state and, 206–209
controversies, 38–39
great East-West schism of 1054, 47–48, 355–356
political relations with East, 43–44
pope and, 8
the Reformation and, 10
Western states, and the church, 203–204
Westminster Confession, 292, 299, 304
Whitefield, George, 322
Wichern, Johann, 224
widows and orphans, care for, 23, 221–222
William the Silent, 295
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 170
as charismatic teachers, 103
early Christianity and, 23, 103, 226–227, 335
in modern church, 247
mysticism and, 188, 190, 191, 196
priesthood/ordination and, 256, 257, 286, 298, 327
as prophets, 102
seen as instruments of diabolic enticement, 91
World Council of Churches, 13, 67, 77, 144–145, 212, 224–225, 259, 275, 304, 323, 349, 360, 366
Faith and Order Commission, 77, 78, 79
Wycliffe, John, 10
Zaehner, Robert C., 181