Jeremy Poldark was an amiable young man who had grown up in the comfort and stability of a family home where casual manners hid deeper affections and where quarrels almost always ended in laughter. As a consequence, whatever powerful emotions might slumber within him, they had had no inducement yet to stir. Although conceived when his father was waiting to stand trial for his life and born at a time when his parents’ financial stringency was at its most acute, he seemed to have none of Ross’s dark, radical pessimism and little of Demelza’s brilliant impulsive vitality. Perhaps more than any other of his family he had a true Celtic sense of laissez-faire.
One thing moved him to anger: cruelty to or neglect of animals; and one thing, apart from a talent for sketching, interested him deeply.
This interest dated back to a day when he was just ten and a half years old. It was the morning of the 28th December, 1801, and he had ridden on his new Christmas pony with his father to see Lord de Dunstanville at Tehidy. His father was a partner in the Cornish Bank of which Lord de Dunstanville was the principal shareholder, and Mr Stackhouse was there and Mr Harris Pascoe and a Mr Davies Giddy.
It was the first time Jeremy had ever ridden such a distance with his father and he was very proud of himself. He had worn a brown corduroy riding suit, new also for Christmas, and a tricorn hat secured by a cord under the chin to preserve its position in the gusty wind. It was a fine open day, with north-westerly clouds beating up from the horizon and hurrying off over the land towards France. The sun, like a handicapped painter, splashed colour on the landscape when and where it could. After the men had gone into the drawing-room to talk, little Lady de Dunstanville, with her daughter Frances and Mr Giddy, who was not here on banking business, had walked out with him onto the terrace, talking and laughing and looking expectantly down the long drive towards the gates. Frances Basset, a plain but pleasant girl of nineteen, had explained to her young guest what they were waiting for.
A young engineer attached to one of the Camborne mines, Trevithick by name and a leading man in the development of some strange contraption called a ‘high pressure’ engine, had taken one of his machines, which were designed primarily to pump water out of the mines, and put it on wheels and claimed that it would move.
There was much scepticism. People knew only a means of propulsion derived from a living animal with four legs whose hooves planted at irregular intervals on the ground as it moved created traction. Most argued therefore that, even if such a clumsy device as Trevithick proposed could ever be employed to move the wheels, the wheels themselves would not have sufficient grip upon the road to move the vehicle. The wheels would of course spin round. In any event, it was doubted that they would ever even be got to spin.
In this elevated company in which young Jeremy now found himself there was a somewhat greater faith than generally obtained; for Mr Giddy had been one of the chief encouragers of the young engineer and Lady de Dunstanville had actually been present, and had worked the bellows, when one of the models had been persuaded to run round a room.
They all, therefore, waited on the terrace, for Mr Trevithick had said he would that day fire his machine and drive it the three miles from Camborne Church Town to Tehidy, where Mr Giddy and Lord and Lady de Dunstanville would be waiting to receive it with all proper acclaim.
As time passed and no engine appeared, they all agreed rather sadly that between a model eighteen inches high and an actual vehicle of the road over ten feet tall a wide gap of trial and error existed. When Lord de Dunstanville and Captain Poldark and the rest came out of their meeting and there was still no sign, it was concluded that the attempt, for what it was worth, had been a failure. Captain Poldark was invited to stay to dinner, but he excused himself saying that his wife was expecting them home. Smiling he tapped Jeremy on the shoulder and presently, after a glass of canary, they mounted and rode away down the drive.
Jeremy’s pony was frisky after his rest, and though he tried to talk to his father, telling him what he had been told, most of the time they were separated by a few prancing steps; and they had been on their way from the gates for almost a mile when they beheld a sight which Jeremy was not to forget.
Something was crawling towards them over the rough uneven track. It was like a grasshopper on wheels with a tall proboscis held high in the front and sending out puffs of intermittent smoke. The wheels by which it moved were four in number, but many other wheels, some cogged, some plain, turned as well in the body of the monster. It cranked and rattled and coughed, and from every joint apart from the proboscis emitted more smoke and steam both white and black. And perhaps the most extraordinary thing of all was that, clinging to the machine, careless of heat and danger, were about twelve dirty men shouting at the top of their voices, while a couple of dozen more followed hallooing in the wake.
The noise was so great that Ross had to dismount and hold the heads of the horse and pony while the procession passed. Many waved to them, including the tall bulky figure of the inventor, and his companion Andrew Vivian. Jeremy sat his pony awestruck. He had never imagined anything like it in his life. It was opening the door to a new world.
The Poldarks had not long since passed an inn, and when Ross remounted they sat there watching the chattering clanking steaming monster recede. Presently the inn was reached, the engine came to a lumbering stop, and everybody slid and tumbled off it and went inside. After a few minutes they had all gone, and there beside the inn the strange machine was left smoking and simmering to itself.
Ross turned his horse’s head. ‘So they have done it. A great achievement. Let’s be on our way.’
‘But, Papa, if we could go back and look—’
‘We shall see it again. If this is a success, have no fear.’
So they rode home as a few more clouds gathered to mark the turn of the winter’s day. But they did not see it again, for, it seemed, there was an admirable roast goose at the inn as well as excellent ale, and the roistering company stayed for a meal before going on to Tehidy. In the meantime, nobody had remembered to put out the fire under the boiler of the engine, so the water evaporated and the boiler grew red hot and set fire to the wooden frame of the engine. Then a man came hammering at the door of the inn and the company streamed out to see the brilliant new machine collapsing in a great bonfire which left in the end only twisted metal, a few wheels aslant and a heap of smouldering coal.
One reason why Ross had not wished to stop was that there was some slight feeling between Trevithick and himself. Trevithick and a young man called Bull had put up the engine for Wheal Grace when Trevithick was only twenty-one, but over the years he had failed to come over to maintain it, and when the two engineers had themselves parted company Ross had chosen to continue to do business with the more reliable one. Trevithick had disliked this and had said so in no uncertain manner. Since Bull’s death Ross had managed with the help of Henshawe and other local men. Ross bore Trevithick no ill will for his remarks, but, as they had not met since, he found himself a little embarrassed in the matter of jumping down from his horse and congratulating him on his new achievement.
Not so Jeremy, who thought of nothing else for days. To him that strange machine he had seen was not just an assembly of nuts and bolts and cylinders and pistons and cog-wheels; it was alive; as much alive as a horse or a man; it had a personality, a dramatic character of its own, deserved an individual and honourable name. To start it, he learned, you had to light a fire in its belly and put in coal; then presently it began to simmer and hiss, and all the intricate joints became animated: the miracle of its life began. The very way it moved, seeming to sway a little from side to side as if endeavouring to walk; the steam that issued from everywhere, like sweat, like a dragon’s breath; moving, making its own way across the countryside.
All this was breathtaking: he had seen a vision.
Thereafter he kept anxious watch in The Sherborne Mercury for any mention of his hero; but by now Trevithick was more out of Cornwall than in it, and news that he had put his new toy to practical ends came from Wales, where he had constructed a loco-motive which ran on a tramroad. The great engineer, James Watt, now in his late sixties, predicted disaster; for he himself still used engines with boiler pressures of little more than two or three lbs per square inch above that of the atmosphere; Trevithick was making boilers to work at 60 lbs, and talking of 100 lbs! An explosion, Watt predicted, must come sooner or later, with severe loss of life. One only had to experiment by soldering up the lid of a pan of water and putting it on the fire. Safety-valves were not enough.
It was not until seven years later, on his first visit to London with his father and mother, that Jeremy met the engineer. At that time Trevithick, not content with having driven one of his fire-engines clanging and chuffing through the streets of London in 1803, had now with some of his friends taken a field in north London between Upper Gower Street and the Bedford Nurseries, had palisaded it off and put down a circular railroad, and there advertised an engine (called Catch-Me-Who-Can) and was charging 1s. for admission to all who were curious enough to come and see – with a free ride included for those hardy spirits who dared to travel in the shaky carriage attached. It was a deliberate show – an attempt to gain the attention and the interest of the public.
Ross at that time was much preoccupied because he was going to – or hoping to – make one of his excessively rare speeches in Parliament – on the reform of the House of Commons; but Jeremy was so persistent that he agreed they should view the spectacle. Demelza, always fascinated by anything new, was almost as eager, and they had spent a morning there, and had all ridden on it at a speed of almost twelve miles an hour. Trevithick happened to be in attendance, and he greeted them like dear friends – as indeed they were, so far from home. Forgetful of any past resentments, he took endless trouble explaining to the boy of seventeen how his engine operated.
By now, however, there had been fatal accidents, just as Watt had said there would be; one engine had blown itself to pieces in Greenwich, killing four people and injuring others. On the morning they visited the site there were only a dozen people in the compound, and only two others would venture to take a ride. Ross said as they left: ‘It is a wondrous novelty, but I would not like a son or brother of mine to be involved at this experimental stage.’
Jeremy said: ‘Mr Trevithick tells me all the boilers are fitted now with two safety-valves instead of one.’
‘I don’t know whether I wish it will come to something or not,’ said Demelza. ‘I suppose I have galloped faster than that but it does not feel so fast. With a horse you don’t fear its wheel will come off!’
Jeremy said: ‘Mr Trevithick says there is a shortage of horses because of the war. He feels there is a big future for the steam carriage.’
Ross said: ‘That may be. But I don’t think the time is ripe for it. I don’t think people will want it.’
Jeremy sighed. Even his father, who was such a clever and infallible man, could not understand the magnetic potentialities of this new invention. Once again, though now so much older, Jeremy felt the strange conviction that there was a life – a sort of magic life – in the heart of this steaming, smoking monster. It was not just a machine devised by man. Man was breeding something new, a creature to serve him but a creature of whim, of individuality. No two could ever be alike.
He wondered even if Mr Trevithick saw it as he did, felt the fascination in quite the same way. In any event, in the succeeding years his father turned out to be right. Whatever the ultimate potential of this invention no one, for the time being, was the least bit interested in developing it further.’ And so everything had lapsed. The last Jeremy had heard of Mr Trevithick – in 1810, that was, shortly before he picked up Stephen Carrington from the sea – the inventor was ill and in debt and thinking of returning to live in Cornwall.
But in the meantime another matter was concerning Jeremy. Stephen had left Nampara on the 20th January but had moved only to take a room with the Nanfans who lived near Sawle Church, and a few days later he came to Jeremy with a proposition.
It seemed – and he confessed this shamefacedly – that the story of his being a small trader between Bristol and Ireland was not true. He had in fact been aboard a privateer when it had been sunk by the French; but, finding himself in such a house and tended on by such genteel and respectable women as Miss Poldark and Mrs Poldark, he had been afraid to tell them this. Not that there was anything illegal in privateering, but he did not know how the Poldarks would look on it. He had, he said, already confessed the truth to Miss Poldark, but not yet to Mrs Poldark.
But there was a little more to it than that. The privateer, the Unique, before it was caught and destroyed, had already made one capture: a small lugger with a few ankers of brandy aboard. Captain Fraser had not thought it a sufficient haul to take home so he had left the lugger at Tresco in the Scilly Isles to pick up on his way back with whatever other prizes he was able to find. Well, instead he had picked up a French warship. Stephen alone survived, and would like to go and collect the lugger. Could Jeremy help?
Jeremy said: ‘D’you mean take you out there?’
‘Yes. You saved me life in that handsome little gig. Twould be very suitable and gracious if you could help me now repair me fortunes.’
‘You have papers? You could get the lugger released?’
‘Nay, there’ll be no papers. Two old brothers, Hoskin by name, are seeing to her for us. Captain Fraser did business with them before, and no doubt if I live I shall do business with them again. It’s all a question of trading.’
They were sitting on Jeremy’s bed in his room in Nampara. Stephen had called to see if there was any word from or news of Miss Clowance, but Demelza was in Sawle. Jeremy had been out in the yard seeing to a sick calf. A flurry of hail had driven them indoors, and with Isabella-Rose and Sophie Enys running wild downstairs Stephen had asked if he might have a word in private.
‘What crew would you need to sail your lugger home?’ Jeremy asked.
‘Two. Three better, but you could manage with two.’
‘Well, you want two for Nampara Girl. That means we should need four to go out in her.’
‘That’s the size of it. I thought if Paul Kellow had a mind to go. And maybe the other one that pulled me out – Ben Carter, is it?’
Jeremy hesitated. He didn’t think Ben had particularly taken to Stephen Carrington. The reason was plain: Stephen had made a great set at Clowance, and Clowance, if Jeremy was not in error, was rather taken with him. Ben, however little hope he might entertain on his own account, could not help being jealous.
Stephen misunderstood the hesitation. ‘I’ll pay you well for your trouble. The lugger’s French built, but I reckon she’d sell for £80 any day. And then there’s the cargo.’
‘Oh.’ Jeremy made a dismissive gesture and got up. ‘That’s not it. I’d like to help … When would you want to go?’
‘Sooner the better. I wouldn’t trust the Hoskins beyond three months. You’d take a profit – a share in the profit on the brandy, eh? What d’ye think?’
‘I think,’ Jeremy said, ‘the other two might be glad to have a little something. But that can wait.’
‘Not too long, I hope,’ said Stephen, and laughed.
Jeremy looked at the hailstones bouncing on the window-sill, gathering in little ridges and beginning to melt.
‘It would be necessary to tell my mother.’
‘Of course. Whatever you say. But mightn’t she say no?’
‘It isn’t a question of yes or no, Stephen. It’s that we aren’t a family from which I can absent myself for one or two nights without saying what I am about. In any event she’ll not mind the Scillies.’
‘Your father is safely home?’
‘Yes, thanks be to God. We heard this a.m. She is gone now to tell some of our friends.’
‘Then perhaps it will be a good time to tackle her when she comes back.’
‘Why?’ Jeremy was genuinely puzzled.
Stephen laughed again and patted him on the back.
‘You’re a lucky man.’ When Jeremy turned he added: ‘T’have such a mother. T’have such a home. There seems to be no stress, no conflict in it. Have it always been so?’
‘No … Not always.’
‘Is it so when your father comes home?’
‘Yes. Oh yes, I think so … Then we are a complete family.’
‘But it hasn’t always been so?’ Stephen was persistent.
‘There were times when I was very young when I remember feeling – torn. Torn by passions and emotions; I didn’t understand them, but they were – in the house. My father and mother never bicker, Stephen, never pick at each other as I see so often in other houses. But when they quarrel it is over something important, and then it is – important.’
Stephen picked up his hat. ‘I shall look forward to meeting Captain Poldark. But I trust … before then?’
‘Probably before then,’ said Jeremy.
That evening he told his mother.
She smiled at him with the utmost brilliance. ‘Do you want to go?’
‘I think so.’
‘What is a privateer, Jeremy? I’m not certain sure.’
‘Isn’t it a ship owned privately by one or more investors in time of war which gets … isn’t it called Letters of Marque? … so that it can make a tilt at the shipping of the other country – the one you’re at war with?’
‘I wonder how your father will think of it.’
‘Of privateering?’
‘Yes. And Stephen. Stephen’s a great charmer … But I knew his first story was not true.’
‘Why not?’
‘There had been no storm for fourteen days before you picked him up.’
‘I can’t remember the weather so far back. How do you? I scarcely remember what it was like yesterday.’
Demelza helped herself to the port. She was getting light-headed as well as light-hearted.
‘Well, there it is. He says he will be detained in London a few more days – your father, that is – but will return at the earliest possible moment. I wonder if he will see Clowance? They cannot know he is safe returned because he is not staying at his usual lodgings. He is stopping with Mr Canning. Is there a Mrs Canning? I hope they meet. I mean Clowance and your father. Maybe they will cross coaches, as I was afeared to do. Thank God he is back in England. It is hard to stop worrying; you can’t turn it off sudden like a tap. I heard of a man once who survived the most utmost perils and then slipped on a banana skin.’
‘Mother,’ said Jeremy.
‘Yes, my handsome?’
‘Did you send Clowance because…’
Demelza said: ‘I didn’t send Clowance. She went.’
‘It is unlike her.’
‘Yes, it is unlike her. But people often do things that are unlike themselves. What is being true to oneself, I wonder? I never know. Sometimes there are three people inside of me, all wishing different. Which is me? What are you like inside, Jeremy? Are you like that? I never know. Sometimes you worry your father. Is there something special you want to do with your life?’
‘Maybe.’
‘Is there? Do you know what it is?’
‘Not exactly. I’m not sure … Are we a trouble to you, Mama?’
‘Just a little. Just a small matter troublesome. Dear life, what it is to have a family! … As for Clowance, you must give her leave to be wayward. She is growing up.’
‘We all are.’
‘Alas.’
‘Why?’
‘Why what?’
‘Why alas?’
‘I think I like you all at a certain size. Like hollyhocks. Before the rust starts.’
‘Well, thank you, Mother. Your compliments fly on all sides of me.’
The light from the candles danced a jig as Mrs Kemp put her head round the door.
‘Isabella-Rose is waiting to go sleep, ma’am. She waits to say good night.’
‘Very well, Mrs Kemp. Thank you, Mrs Kemp. Tell her I shall come rushing up to her the very moment I can, Mrs Kemp. Which will be in a hundred seconds or thereabouts, give or take a few.’
Mrs Kemp blinked at this flow of words and left. Demelza finished her port, stretched her fingers towards the fire and flexed them. ‘I feel like playing the spinet. I feel very much like playing the spinet. That’s if Bella has not thumped all the life out of it. D’you know, Jeremy, I b’lieve I need a new one. I shall ask your father for one when he comes home.’
‘What, a new spinet?’
‘No, a pianoforte. They are – more brilliant. They can make the music fade and swell. This old machine, much as I love it, is worn out.’
‘Bella would like that.’
‘We must stop her thumping. Mrs Kemp does not believe she is musical really at all … January is not a time for sailing, Jeremy. Would this trip not wait until the better weather?’
‘Stephen says not.’
‘Do not rely on him too far, my lover.’
‘Stephen? What makes you suppose I should?’
‘Because it was just in me to say it. Pay no attention.’
‘I always pay attention to you. Especially when you are in your cups.’
‘What did you say?’
‘I’m sorry, Mama. It was not intended that way. But I have a superstitious feeling that so often you are right.’
‘Well … I try not to judge too quick on such a matter. I believe it is good to go cautious. Test the measure; make sure it balances. Then one is not surprised – pleasantly or unpleasantly.’
Jeremy stirred one of the logs with his boot. ‘If Paul can get away I think we should leave about Wednesday; that’s if the weather is reasonable and you would allow it. I should like to be there and back before Father returns.’
‘If you have to go – go now,’ said Demelza. ‘Hurray, I should like that also!’