Index

aardvark (Orycteropus afer) 10, 21, 42, 106, 176, 213, 214, 244, 245, 250, 262

aardwolf (Proteles cristata) 10, 21, 106

Aberdare Mountains, Kenya 157

Aesop’s fables 68

Afghanistan 68, 252, 271

Africa 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 38, 39, 41, 42, 51, 52, 56, 75, 77, 86, 90, 91, 92, 98, 101, 105, 106, 107–8, 109, 111, 119, 128–30, 132, 135, 137, 138–73, 174, 177, 178, 182, 184, 193–4, 197, 199, 200, 214, 216, 225, 263, 265, 288, 290 see also under individual nation name

African Elephant Coalition 148

African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) 128

Afrosoricida 216

Afrotheria 212, 213, 214, 216

Agnelli, Paolo 280, 286, 287, 288, 290–1

Algeria 117, 261

Allsop, Kenneth 111

Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) 294

Amazonia 225

Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) 260

Amblysomus 217

American Museum, New York 6–7

American Psychologist 35–6

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 40

Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) 84–5

animals (Regnum Animale) 211

Ankole 188

Annamite Mountains 119, 232

Antarctica 214

antelope 30, 31, 38, 45, 50, 53, 105, 117, 119, 133, 231, 282

Anthropocene 176, 191, 192, 229

anthropometry 59–61

anthropomorphism 32, 34, 47, 68, 222

Arabian gazelle (Gazella arabica) 117, 237

Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) 110, 237

archaea 211

Arcus Foundation 160

Arend’s golden mole (Carpitalpa arendsi) 17

Aristotle 204, 206, 208, 285

Asian tapir (Tapirus indicus) 260

Astley’s Royal Amphitheatre 25

Attenborough, David 90–1, 92, 94, 106, 111, 127, 245

Audubon, John James 283

aurochs (Bos primigenius) 95, 248

Australia 116, 120, 166, 176, 189, 286

baboon 50, 51, 53, 54, 105, 112, 133, 157, 272, 282

bacteria 211, 276

Bactrian camel, wild (Camelus bactrianus) 260

badgers, culling 258

baiji or Yangtze River dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer) 122, 250, 255–7, 260, 264, 265

Baillie, Professor Jonathan 244, 245, 247, 249, 252, 253, 253, 256, 259–60, 261, 273

Banks, Joseph 4

banteng 229, 230

Baratay, Eric: Zoo: a History of Zoological Gardens in the West 45, 46, 49

Barclay, Maxwell 207, 208, 209–10, 211, 213

barn owl (Titus alba) 86, 98, 202, 218, 272, 284

Barnum, Phineas T. 6–7, 36, 45–6, 48, 262

Barre, Siad 123

Bartlett, Abraham Dee 4, 5, 6, 21–3, 24, 112

Bates, Henry Walter 4, 9

Bavarian pine vole (Microtus bavaricus) 248

BBC 184, 247

bears 21, 45, 48, 76, 125, 188, 237–8

beaver 83, 226, 237

Bedfordshire 151, 155

Beeton, Isabella 22

Benn, Hilary 149

Bentham, Jeremy 31–2, 190–1

Berg Rara, Cyclops Mountains, Indonesia 253

Bernard of the Netherlands, Prince 110

Bible 2, 11, 15, 58, 76, 97, 206, 226, 251, 260

biodiversity: meaning of 39, 200

‘biological species concept’ 208

birds: importance of ornithologists in conservation movement 97–8; list of species soars 120; British birdsong 260 see also under individual species name

bison 16, 38, 103, 294

black rhino (Diceros bicornis) 128, 129, 157–8, 165, 166, 176, 177, 199, 227

black-footed ferret (mustela nigripes) 237

Blanchett, Cate 127

Blixen, Karen: Out of Africa 129, 152

blond titi monkey (Callicebus barbara-brownae) 260

blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) 260

bluebuck (Hippotragus leucophaeus) 38, 100, 248, 265

boma 194–5

Boni Forest, Kenya 263

Booth Museum of Natural History, Brighton 167

Boran 188, 193–4, 195, 196, 197, 229

Born Free Foundation 144

Boston Society of Natural History 2

Botswana 144, 149, 176, 197, 199

Bouba N’Djida reserve, Cameroon 199

Britain: biodiversity of 13–14, 233–6; red fox in 68–73; wetland habitat in 104–5; ivory trade and 148, 149, 165; poverty in 153; depauperate 233; red squirrel and grey squirrel in 235–6, 251, 259; habitat in 236; reintroduction of locally extinct species into their original or similar habitats within 234–40; life in gardens within 260

British Association for the Advancement of Science 60

British Cyclopedia of Natural History: combining a scientific classification of animals, plants & minerals (Partington) 175, 216, 281

British East Africa 174

British Museum 6, 7, 10–11, 57–8, 62

broad-faced potoroo (Potorous platyops) 248

Bronner, Gary 85–6, 87–8, 126, 202, 203, 214, 215, 218, 240

Brown, Robert K. 229

Brumas (polar bear) 89–90, 129–30, 204

Buck, Frank 40, 43, 44, 73–5, 74, 76, 90, 91, 112

Buckland, Frank 23, 24, 25–6, 27–8, 43, 44, 112

buffalo 29, 30, 31, 38, 53, 82, 105, 117, 133, 134, 154, 157, 158, 172, 194, 195, 196

bulldog rat (Rattus nativitatis) 248

Burgess Shale fossil fields, Canadian Rockies 274–5

Burundi 124, 138, 176

Bushnell, Horace: Sermon on the Power of an Endless Life 79

Buxton, Edward North 100

Cambridge University 126–7

Cameroon 124, 128, 149, 176, 199

Cape golden mole (Chrysochloris asiatica) 276–7, 281

captive-breeding programmes 21, 75, 233, 236–7, 265

carbon trading 184

Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis) 248, 265

Carnivora 10, 212

Carr, Greg 134

Carson, Rachel: Silent Spring 78, 79, 96, 103

Castle Museum, Norwich 165

Chad 139

Charles, Prince 235

cheetah 38, 48, 61, 105, 133, 157

Cheirogaleidae 113–14

chimpanzee 3, 94, 105, 160, 179, 204, 243, 282

China 22, 136, 137, 141, 144, 145, 163, 165, 166, 169, 170, 232, 252, 271, 277

Chitengo Camp 132–3, 134, 160, 189

Chordata 211, 212

Cincinatti Zoo 284

Cingalese exhibition, (1884) 56

circuses 45, 47–8, 51, 61, 74, 132, 166

clades/cladistics 209, 214, 215, 226

Clarke, Brian 157

classification of species 176–7 see also taxonomy

climate change 14, 22, 80–1, 85, 184–5, 226, 232, 233, 249, 251, 258–9

Climategate scandal 185

Coastal rock gecko (Pristurus simonettai) 270

Colchester Zoo 169, 170

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 33

Commander Islands, Bering Sea 264 common dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) 251

Congo-Zaire 271

Conservation Foundation, U.S. 110

conservation movement: birth of 78–85, 93–111

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (National Research Council) 271

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) 136, 142, 143–4, 146, 148, 149, 167, 169

Copernicus, Nicholas 219

‘Correlates of rediscovery and the detectability of extinction in mammals’ (Diana O. Fisher and Simon P. Blomberg) 121

Craig, Batian 193

Crania Britannica (Davis/Thurnam) 60

crescent nailtail wallaby (Onychogalea lunata) 248

Cromer, Lord 100

crop science 182, 186, 187

Cross River gorilla 128

Cuban solenodon (Solenodon cubanus) 115

Curzon, Lord 129

Cyprus spiny mouse (Acomys nesiotes) 115

D’Addario, Silvia 202, 203, 204

Dartmoor 12–13, 131–2

Darwin, Charles 4, 11, 36, 37, 58, 61, 93, 192, 203, 204, 207, 208, 219, 280

Davy, Sir Humphry 20

DDT 103

deer 14, 38, 55, 84, 95, 204, 232, 233, 238, 239, 246, 248, 282

deforestation 80–1, 98, 99, 102

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) 128, 129, 139, 147, 263

Dench, Dame Judi 127

Denis, Armand 90, 91, 106, 109, 129, 151–2

Denis, Michaela 90, 91, 106, 109, 115, 129, 151–2

Department for Environment and Rural Affairs (Defra) 144, 148

Descartes, René 32

desert bandicoot (Perameles eremiana) 248

desert rat-kangaroo (Caloprymnus campestris) 248

Dghoumes National Park, Tunisia 236

Diatomyidae 262

dibatag (Ammodorcus clarkei, or Clarke’s gazelle) 282

Dinagat bushy-tailed cloud rat (Crateromys australis) 245

DNA: map of Africa 141; ivory trade and testing of origin 142, 169; taxonomy and 212, 214, 229, 230; Frozen Ark Project and 266

Domalin, Jean-Yves 44, 45

Dorper sheep 187

doura 50, 51

Drusillas Animal Park, Alfriston, Sussex 167

du Chaillu, Monsieur 6

dugong (Dugong dugon) 213, 260

Dürer, Albrecht 162–3, 216

Durrell, Gerald 118–19

Durrell’s vontsira (Salanoia durrelli) 118–19, 121, 231

Duthie’s golden mole (Chlorotalpa duthieae) 17

‘Early Evidence for Complex Social Structure in Proboscidea from a Late Miocene Trackway Site in the United Arab Emirates’ 171

East Africa 105, 142, 177

East Riding Association for the Protection of Sea Birds 97

Eastern Cape 99

eastern hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes leporides) 248

echidna (Tachyglossidae) 16, 61, 70, 120–1, 244, 245, 246, 250, 252–5, 261

ecology 39, 98

Eden Project 200

Edentata 10

EDGE Project (Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered) 244–7, 248–57, 259–63, 294

Ehrlich, Paul 200, 246

Einstein, Albert 102

elephant 14, 21, 26, 29, 30, 31, 34, 38, 43, 45, 46, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56, 63–4, 65, 73, 74, 75, 82, 93, 99, 105, 106, 107, 124, 128, 133, 134, 136–50, 147, 154, 157, 158, 159, 171, 172, 177, 188, 198, 199, 205, 213, 218, 227, 229, 232, 245, 286, 293 see also ivory trade

Elephant Trade Information Service (ETIS) 142, 144–5

elephant-shrew (Macroscelididae) 10, 17, 21, 213, 215

Elmoge, Adam 179, 185

Endana Secondary School, Kenya 178–9, 180, 181, 185–6, 190

environmental debate, debased condition of 184–5

environmental journalism 181

Eskimos 56, 57

Ethiopia 124, 138, 176, 194, 260, 271

Ethiopian water mouse (Nilopegamys plumbeus) 245, 260

Eugenics Society 93

Eulipotyphla 213

Eurasian elk (Alces alces) 294

European bison (Bison bonasus) 294

European lynx (lynx lynx) 237, 238

European mole (Talpa europaea) 35, 61, 212–13, 212

European pine marten (Martes martes) 214, 240

European Union 148, 182

Europol 165, 166

Evans, Harold 96

experiments on animals 34–6

extinction: mammals previously thought extinct actually still alive 14–15, 112–24, 128; scale of losses 15, 120, 248, 250; mass extinction events 15, 82, 113, 226; why it matters 15–16; IUCN Red List of Threatened Species see IUCN; mammals hunted to 38, 82, 232, 265; fifty-year extinction test 114, 121; ‘new species’ discoveries and 118–24; ‘purportedly extinct’ species known from fewer than five historic sightings 121; search effort for 121–4, 252–5; species eliminated by loss of habitat ‘is likely to be overestimated’ 123; size of animal and 227–8; reintroduction of locally extinct species into their original or similar habitats 234–40, 293–4; EDGE and see EDGE; failure to save an animal from 255–7; percentage of world’s species threatened with 258; climate change as cause of 258–9; recovery through selective breeding 265–6; birds 283–4

Falklands Islands dog (Dusicyon australis) 248

Farasan Islands, Red Sea 108

Fauna & Flora International (FFI) 127–9, 159, 160, 161, 197, 245

Fauna and Flora Preservation Society 101

Fauna Preservation Society 101, 110

Fea’s muntjac (Muntiacus feae) 115, 232

‘Feejee Mermaid’ 6–7

Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge 127

Flannery, Tim 98; Here on Earth: a new beginning 191–2; A Gap in Nature 248, 264, 283

Florence 86, 87–8, 124, 125, 126, 168, 175, 202, 203, 221–2, 267, 268–92

Florence Institute of Zoology 125

Friedman, Milton 96

Friends of the Earth 184

Frozen Ark Project 266

Fry, Stephen 127

fungi 211, 247

Gabon 1, 150, 263

Gaia 77, 192

Galapagos mouse (Nesoryzomys indefessus) 248

Galileo 280

gazelle 38, 95, 105, 117, 118, 133, 158, 159, 194, 197, 198, 237, 248, 261, 272, 282

genera 210–11, 212

Genzick, Dr 26–7

gerenuk (Litocranius walleri) 105, 282

Ghana 139, 147

giant fossa (Cryptoprocta spelea) 248

giant golden mole (Chrysospalax trevelyani) 62–3, 202, 260, 283

Gichohi, Nathan 161

Gilbert’s potoroo (Potorous gilbertii) 260

Gill, Eric: Mankind 94, 95

Giohar, Somalia 18, 86, 272, 289, 291

giraffe 10, 30, 38, 41, 42, 43, 45, 50, 53, 55, 105, 107, 154, 157, 158, 159, 172, 187, 188, 189, 197, 198, 226, 286

Gloucestershire 104

GM technology 181, 182

God Species, The (Lynas) 231–2

golden jackal (Canis aureus) 294

golden moles (Chrysochloridea) 10, 17–19, 21, 36, 38, 39, 42, 61, 62, 67, 85–8, 98, 100, 106, 112, 117, 121, 124–5, 126, 128, 130, 156, 161, 168, 174–6, 189, 200–1, 202–3, 215, 212–18, 219, 221, 240, 244, 245, 250–1, 252–3, 260, 262, 266–7, 270, 272, 273, 274, 276–7, 281, 283, 287–92, 288, 294 see also under individual species name

golden-rumped sengi/golden-rumped elephant shrew (Rhynchocyon chrysopygus) 262

Gordon-Cumming, Roualeyn 28–31, 32, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42–3, 112, 136, 150, 163, 192, 197, 203, 207, 224, 271, 272–3

gorilla 4, 5, 6, 8, 17, 21, 26, 106, 119, 128, 245, 249, 260, 282

Gorongosa National Park 132–4, 160, 182

Gould, Stephen Jay: Wonderful Life 274–5

Gould’s mouse (Pseudomys gouldii) 248

Grant’s gazelle (Nanger granti) 159, 197, 272, 282

gray brocket (Mazama gouazoubira) 246, 251

Great African Rift Valley 132, 225

great apes 1–6, 160, 293

Great Exhibition, (1851) 28, 48

Great Exhibition, Chicago, (1893) 48

Greece 103–4

Greenpeace 96

grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) 14, 188, 235–6, 259

grey wolf (Canis lupus) 294

Grey, Sir Edward 100

Grizzly Man (film) 76

Guenther’s dik-dik 282

Gulf of Guinea 1, 17

habitat loss/protection 84, 98, 99, 104–5, 123, 128, 227, 230, 236, 240, 249, 255, 259, 265, 266

Haeckel, Ernst 39

Hagenbeck, Carl 45–56, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 67, 73, 112

Haggard, Rider 37

Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) 128

hairy-eared dwarf lemur (Allocebus trichotis) 114, 118, 119

Haldane, J. B. S. 207

Hamburg 42, 45, 47, 48, 51, 55–6

Hamer, Dean 170

Hanno the Navigator (King Hanno II) 1, 2, 4, 17, 91

Hardouin-Fugier, Elisabeth: Zoo: a History of Zoological Gardens in the West 45, 46, 49

Harper, Francis 114

Hasek, Jaroslav: The Good Soldier Schweik 126–7

Haslemere Educational Museum, Surrey 166

hedgehog (Erinaceidae) 14, 70, 140, 213, 214, 234, 253

Hennig, Willi 209

Herzog, Harold A. 35–6

hide beetles 206–7

Highland wolf 240

Hilton-Taylor, Craig 126

hippopotamus 10, 21, 23–4, 26–8, 30, 31, 34, 38, 40, 42, 51, 52, 53, 54, 73, 105, 128, 133, 143, 147, 157, 204, 248, 260 see also under individual species name

Hispaniolan edible rat (Brotomys voratus) 248

Hitchens, Christopher 160

Hitler, Adolf 60, 61

Hobart Zoo 116

Holocene period 230

honeyguide (Indicator indicator) 276

Hong Kong 135, 142, 149, 165, 293

horseflesh, consumption of 24–5

Hottentot golden mole (Amblysomus hottentotus) 283

Huguenard, Amie 76

Hunter, Captain John 7

hunting of animals 15–16, 26–32, 33, 34, 36–8, 39–66, 52, 53, 98, 99–100, 110, 159, 160, 189, 227, 232, 233, 242–3, 263, 265, 283–4

Huxley, Aldous 102

Huxley, Elspeth 92, 93

Huxley, Julian 93, 94, 95, 104–10, 111, 129, 154, 163, 165

Huxley, Thomas Henry 58, 93, 113, 203, 207, 280

hyena 21, 31, 38, 45, 50, 61, 105, 128, 154–5, 157, 158, 172, 189, 205, 243

Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) 294

Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) 128

icecaps, melting 259

Ilin Island cloudrunner (Crateromys paulus) 248

Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) 162–3

Indo-Pacific beaked whale (Indopacetus pacificus) 286–7

Indonesia 252, 253, 254, 255

Institute of Zoology 256

intelligence, animal 32, 47, 222

International Species Information system (ISIS) 21

Interpol 135, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 149

Ipswich Museum, Suffolk 166–7, 173

Irwin, Steve 75–6

Istanbul 198

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) 109, 110, 117, 232, 233, 240, 245, 246, 247–8, 262; Red List of Threatened Species 18, 21, 41, 68, 84, 109, 118, 120, 121, 227, 231, 232, 240, 249, 255, 263–4, 265, 290; status reports 118; ‘data deficient’ 68, 117, 118, 122, 251, 290; ‘critically endangered’ 18, 21, 68, 120, 122, 240, 245; ‘least concern’ 68, 124, 240, 250, 251; ‘near threatened’ 68; species programme 126; World Conservation Congress, South Korea 247; Species Survival Commission 247

IUPN (International Union for the Protection of Nature) 109

ivory trade 30, 99, 107, 125, 135–50, 165, 167, 191, 198, 199, 293

jackal 38, 90, 157, 205, 294

Jackman, Brian 96, 156, 157, 172, 199, 200

Jackson’s hartebeest 157, 197

jaguar (Panthera onca) 9, 61, 92–3, 128

Jamaican rice rat (Oryzomys antillarum) 248

Jamrach, Charles 43, 44

Janjaweed militia 139

Japan 6, 7, 15, 136, 141, 143, 144, 145, 152

Japanese sea lion (Zalophus japonicus) 265

Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus) 249, 261

Jenkins, Paula 113–14, 115, 118

Jentink’s duiker (Cephalophus jentinki) 115

Johns Hopkins University 16

Johnson, Boris 70

Johnston, Sir Harry 7, 100

Jones, Professor Phil 184–5

Juan Carlos of Spain, King 199

Juliana’s golden mole (Neamblysomus julianae) 251

Kenya 106, 124, 125, 128, 129–30, 134–5, 137–50, 151–73, 174, 176, 177–81, 185–90, 192–3, 194, 252, 262, 263, 293

Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) 135, 139, 144, 145

kha-nyou (Laonastes aenigmamus) 261–2

Kiama, Josphat 186, 187

Kibaki, Mwai 145

kipunji monkey (Rungwecebus kipuniji) 263–4

Kitchener, Lord 100, 129

kouprey or grey ox (Bos sauveli) 122, 228–31, 232, 233, 265

Kyoto Protocol 184

La Specola, Florence 277, 278–92, 279

Lamprey, Richard 159, 160, 161, 193, 197

Lankester, Professor Ray 7, 100

Lansdowne, Marquis of 20

Lanza, Benedetto 273

Laonastidae 262

Laos 119, 228, 238, 262

Lapps 55–6

Leakey, Richard 144

leopard 20, 38, 45, 53, 61, 67, 77, 83, 84, 105, 128, 133, 157, 172, 189, 240, 245, 293

lesser bilby (Macrotis leucura) 248

Lester, Jack 91, 92

lesula monkey (Cercopithecus lomamiensis) 263, 264

Lewa conservancy, Kenya 199

Liberia 128, 147

Limpopo bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus roualeyni) 31

Linnaeus, Carl 176, 177, 206, 208, 210–11, 213–14, 276

Linnean Society 7

lion 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 37, 38, 45, 47, 48, 52, 53, 61, 91, 105, 128, 132, 133, 134, 154, 155, 157–8, 158, 159, 172, 180, 188, 193, 194, 195, 197, 205, 208, 234, 272

Little Swan Island hutia 248

Livingstone, David 28

Loch Ness Monster 115, 119

London Zoo 4, 5, 21–3, 40–1, 42, 55, 57, 89–90, 91, 95, 116, 129, 188, 230

long-footed potoroo (Potorous longipes) 245

long-tailed hopping-mouse (Notomys longicaudatus) 177, 248

Lonrho 159

Look 90, 92

Luo tribe 156

lycaon (hyaena-dog) 10

lynx 38, 128, 237, 238

Lyttelton, Alfred 100

Maasai 153, 156, 178

MacKenzie, Robert 229

Madagascar 14, 64, 114, 118, 119, 213, 215, 216, 231, 248

Madagascan dwarf hippopotamus (Hippopotamus guldbergi) 248

Madagascan tenrec (Echinops telfairi) 213, 215, 216

Malawi 141, 176

Malaysia 143, 149

Mali 147

malleus 217, 289

Mammal Research Unit, Bristol University 71

Mammal Species of the World 16, 17, 86, 118, 126, 176

Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe 143

Mananara River, Madagascar 114

Marley’s golden mole (Amblysomus marleyi) 67, 250–1

Marsh, George Perkins: Man and Nature; of Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action 79–83, 93, 96, 98, 101–2, 105

mass extinction 15, 82, 113, 226

Massachusetts Institute of Technology 59

Mayhew, Henry 61

Mayr, Ernst 208, 209

McManus, Rove 127

Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) 260

megafauna 172, 227

mice, scientific experiments on 34–5

Milton, Joe 204, 205, 206, 207, 211

Miocene epoch 124

mole (Talpidae) 14, 35, 61, 124, 212–13, 212, 216

Mongolia 55, 68, 237

Monitore zoologico italiano 86

morphological convergence 214

Morris, Desmond 57

Mount Kenya 151, 157, 186

mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) 237

Mozambique 78, 128, 129, 132–4, 141, 160, 176, 179, 182, 183

Museo Civico di Zoologia, Rome 294

Museum of Hunting and Nature, Paris 167–8

Museum of Natural History, Florence 168, 272

Museum of Natural History, Gothenburg, Sweden 168

Mutisya, Samuel 161

Myanmar 119, 128

Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus strykeri) 119, 128

N’hambita, Mozambique 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187

Nairn, Ian 67

Namibia 144, 149, 176, 197

National Academy of Sciences, Italy 274

National Museum of Natural History, Paris 230

National Wildlife Crime Unit 170

NATO 138

Natural England 234

Natural History Museum, London 7, 11–12, 19, 36–8, 37, 40, 58, 61–2, 86, 93, 94, 100, 113, 115, 117, 126, 166, 168–9, 200, 202, 203, 204, 206, 231, 280, 282, 289

Nature Conservancy 110

Nature Conservancy Council 234

Naughtie, James 247

‘A New Golden Mole from Somalia with an Appendix on the Taxonomy of the Family Chrysochloridae’, 1968 (Simonetta) 86–7

New Guinea 120, 191–2, 253

New Orleans 103

New York Zoological Society 102

New Zealand great short-tailed bat (Mystacina robusta) 250

Niassa National Reserve, Mozambique 128

Nicholson, Max 110

nomenclature 17, 210, 218, 290

Norfolk 14, 97, 98, 171, 180

North Africa 68, 104

Northern Cape 18

northern Muriqui woolly monkey (Brachyteles hypoxanthus) 248–9

northern white rhino (Ceratotherium simum cottoni) 128, 129, 168–9

Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 229

Nottingham University 266

nuclear power 181, 182

Observer 105, 110, 163

Odhiambo, Andrew 153, 154, 155–6, 157, 158, 159, 172, 174, 193

okapi (Okapia johnstoni) 7–8, 21, 41, 100, 119, 230

Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Kenya 129–30, 147, 150, 151–63, 164, 169, 171, 172, 174, 177–81, 185–90, 192–7, 199, 225, 229, 234, 236, 236

olinguito (Bassaricyon neblina) 294

Oman 237

Omondi, Patrick 145, 147

‘Operation Costa’ 138, 142–3

orang-utan 2–3, 43, 44–5, 93, 128, 245, 255, 282

Orange Free State 99

ornithologists, importance of within conservation movement 97–8

oryx 105, 110, 119, 158, 236, 237

Osborn, Fairfield 110; Our Plundered Planet 102–4, 105

otter shrew (Potamogale velox) 216

Outamba-Kilimi National Park, Sierra Leone 143

Owen, Richard 6, 12, 36–7, 58, 93, 113, 203, 219, 280

Packham, Chris 235–6

Palau flying-fox (Pteropus pilosus) 248

panda 21–3, 67, 73, 92, 109, 110, 128, 235, 236, 240, 245, 249

Papillo 211

park rangers 76, 107, 134, 135, 139, 146, 161, 293

passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) 283–4

Pemba flying fox (Pteropus voeitzkowi) 128

Pemba Island 128, 237

Pemberton’s deer mouse (Peromyscus pembertoni) 248

‘penitent butchers’ 101, 110, 129, 225

pet keeping 41

People’s Trust for Endangered Species 240

Perrier’s sifaka (Propithecus perrieri) 245

Petherick, John 27, 28

Philippines 141, 142, 244

Phyla 211

phylogenetic systematics 86, 209

phylogenetic trees 205, 213, 224, 225–6, 230, 245, 246

phylogenetics 86, 204–5, 213, 224, 225–6, 230, 245, 246, 262, 277

pig-footed bandicoot (Chaeropus ecaudatus) 248

pitfall traps 52

plants (Regnum Vegetabile) 211

platypus (Ornithorynchus anatinus) 7, 16, 61, 120

Pleistocene 226, 230

Pliny 206

poaching 84, 106–8, 124, 125, 128–9, 133, 134–50, 160, 161, 164, 169, 189, 199

potamogale 10, 17

preservationists 97

Prettejohn, Giles 193, 194, 195, 196

Primates 212

Prochrysochloris miocaenus 124

proteles (Aard-wolf) 10

protoctista 211

Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus przewalskii) 237

pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) 128, 260

pygmy spotted skunk (Spilogale pygmaea) 122

pygmy three-toed sloth (Bradypus pygmaeus) 249

Qatar 146, 149

quagga (Equus quagga quagga) 95, 95, 100, 265–6

Quagga Project 265–6

racial classification, Homo sapiens 59–61

Raffles, Sir Stamford 20, 27

red fox (Vulpes vulpes) 68–73, 77, 227

red gazelle (Eudorcas rufina) 117, 248, 261

red squirrel 214, 234, 235–6, 251, 259

rhinoceros 21, 24, 29, 30, 31, 38, 43–4, 45, 49, 54, 67, 77, 93, 105, 107, 109, 119, 128, 125, 128, 129–30, 132, 143, 149, 150, 157–8, 161, 162–71, 164, 172, 173, 176, 177, 178, 180, 188, 191, 199, 200, 226, 227, 236, 240, 245, 249, 260, 261, 286, 287, 293 see also under individual species name

Rhodesia 65, 104, 106

Ringling Brothers Circus 36, 45, 74

Ripley, William Z.: The Races of Europe 59, 60

riverine rabbit (Bunolagus monticularis) 260

Riviere, Oliver 61

Rodenta 212

romantic poets 33

Roosevelt, Eleanor 102

Roosevelt, Franklin D. 108

Roosevelt, Theodore 100, 129

Rose, Mark 127–30

Rosie (Indian rhino) 166–7, 173

rough-haired golden mole (Chrysospalax villosus) 251

Royal Society 7, 14, 171, 204, 258

Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) 40

Ruddock, Joan 144

Rwanda 124, 128, 138, 147, 176

Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) 232

Santa Catarina’s guinea pig (Cavia intermedia) 249

Santa Cruz tube-nosed fruit-bat (Nyctimene sanctacrucis) 248

saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) 119, 231, 232, 233

sarcoptic mange 71–2

Sardinian pika (Prolagus sardus) 265

Savage, Thomas Staughton 2

Schouten, Peter 264

Schumacher, Fritz 156

Science Media Centre 204

Sclater, Philip Lutley 100

Scotland 234, 237, 238

Scott, Peter 90, 92, 95, 104, 106, 110, 127

sea levels, rising 259

sea mink (Neovison macrodon) 248

selective breeding 94, 187, 265–6

Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania 146

Selous, Frederick Courteney 37–8, 37, 39, 40, 61, 100, 197, 203, 206, 207, 271, 272–3, 282

Severn Wildlife Trust 104

Sewell, Anna: Black Beauty 33

Shaw, George 7

shrews (Soricidae) 213

Sierra Leone 91, 92, 143, 147, 148

Simonetta, Professor Alberto M. 86–7, 88, 123–4, 125–6, 175, 202, 216–17, 218, 220, 221, 224, 252–3, 268–92, 279; ‘A New Golden Mole from Somalia with an Appendix on the Taxonomy of the Family Chrysochloridae’, 1968 86–7; Short History of Biology: from the Origins to the 20th Century 285–6

Simonetta, Stefania 286

Simonetta’s writhing snake (Lygosoma simonettai) 270

Singer, Peter 190

Sir David’s long-beaked echidna (Zaglossus attenboroughi) 120–1, 245, 246, 250, 252–4, 255, 261

Slade, J. W. 44

slaughter of animals 222–3

slave trade 40

Sloane, Hans 4

Smit, Tim 200, 204, 209

Smithsonian Institution, Washington 274

snow leopard (Panthera uncia) 61, 67, 77, 128, 240, 245

Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire, The (SPWFE) 99, 100, 101–2, 127

Somali golden mole (Calcochloris tytonis): known only from partially complete specimen in an owl-pellet 17, 18, 19, 112, 113, 121, 123, 221, 262, 267, 269, 273, 287–92 288; IUCN ‘critically endangered’ 18; author’s interest in 18–19, 36, 38, 244, 266–7, 287–92; size of 62; Bronner and see Bronner, Gary; Simonetta and see Simonetta, Professor Alberto; discovery of remains of (owl-pellet MF4181) 86–8, 252–3, 273, 274; search effort for 121; Somalia and 123–4; Kenya and 124, 125; similarity to ‘true’ moles 124–5; zalambdodontic molar 215, 240; IUCN ‘data deficient’ 251, 290; author views remains of 287–92, 288; nomenclature of 289–90

Somali mole rat 294

Somalia 18, 86, 122, 123–4, 125, 138, 141, 176, 252, 263, 270, 271, 272, 273, 279, 282, 287

South Africa 28, 38, 95, 106, 126, 141, 143, 144, 149, 150, 165, 168, 176, 187, 192, 193–4, 196–7, 199, 265, 289

South America 4, 82, 165, 214, 246

South Sudan 128–9

Southern chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) 294

species, what constitutes a 204, 208

‘speciesism’ 191, 223, 224

Speke, John Hanning 282

Speke’s pectinator (Pectinator spekei) 282

St Lucy’s giant rice-rat (Megalomys luciae) 248

Stansted Mountfitchet, Essex 166

Steller, George 264

Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) 82, 248, 264–5

Stellingen 46–7

steppe mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii) 14, 171, 172

sterculia trees 77–8

Stirton, Brent 150

stoat 14, 240

Stony Brook University 258

Storer, Dr 2

striped mouse (Rhabdomys pumilio) 174

Stryker, John Lloyd 160–1

Stuhlmann’s golden mole (Chrysochloris stuhlmanni) 17, 124, 125, 130

Sudan 53, 100, 128, 129, 139, 176, 252

suffering of animals 31–6, 42, 191

Sulawesi warty pig (Sus celebensis) 122

Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) 260

Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) 128

sun-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus solatus) 263, 264

sundaic arboreal niviventer (Niviventer cremoriventer) 122

Sunday Times, The 96, 111, 113, 172, 184–5

sustainability 187

Taiwan 84, 142

Tanganyika 106

Tanzania 124, 128, 134–5, 138, 139, 142, 146, 147, 148, 149, 159, 176, 237, 252, 263

Tasmania 95, 115, 116, 282

taxonomy 107, 204–18, 234, 270, 277, 290

television programmes, wildlife 75–6, 91–2, 106, 109, 115, 129, 151–2

Thackray, John 11

Thailand 135, 142, 149

Thayer, Nate 228–9

Theophrastus 206

Thomas, Oldfield 100

Thomson’s gazelle (Eudorcas thomsonii) 159

thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) 95, 115–16, 116, 119, 122, 177, 227, 248, 282

Tokyo 135, 137

Tonkin snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus avunculus) 128

Toolache wallaby (Macropus greyi) 248

translocation 237, 265

Travers, Will 144

Treadwell, Timothy 76

Trevelyan, Herbert 62

Tsavo national park, Kenya 137

Turvey, Dr Sam 256–7; Witness to Extinction: how we failed to save the Yangtze River dolphin 256, 283

Uganda 124, 128, 138, 159, 176

UK Biodiversity Action Plan 234

UK Border Agency 143

UNESCO 94, 105, 108

Ungulata 10, 282

United Nations 15, 293

universal rights, concept of 190–1

University of Alberta 242

University of Cape Town 86, 126

University of Florence 86, 87, 202, 269, 271

University of Queensland 14–15, 112, 121, 123

University of Tennessee 34

US Department of Agriculture 35

vaquita (Phocoena sinus) 249

Vietnam 119, 141, 142, 149, 165, 228, 232, 233, 238

Vigne, Richard 155, 177, 185, 189, 190, 193, 299

Visagie’s golden mole (Chrysochloris visagiei) 17, 18

VMAT2 170

Walcott, Charles Doolittle 274, 275

Wallace, Alfred Russel 4, 8–9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 21, 36, 37, 42, 79, 105, 106, 109, 154, 155

Wambui, Grace 262

Ward, Rowland 63

warthog (Phacochoerus africanus) 38, 105, 133, 134, 158, 159, 160, 189, 197

Washington University’s Center for Conservation Biology 141

Wat Phnom, Cambodia 228–9

Wells, H. G. 266

West Africa 2, 67

West Runton Elephant 14, 171, 172

western mountain gorilla 128, 260

Wharton, Charles 228

Whateley, Bishop: Notes on Noses 59

Whipsnade Zoo 94, 129

white-footed rabbit rat (Conilurus albipes) 248

white-necked rockfowl (Picathartes gymnocephalus) 92

White, Gilbert 71

Wilberforce, Bishop Sam 93, 219

Wild Cargo (film) 90

wild horse (Equus ferus) 122

wild pig (Sus scrofa) 232

wildebeest 30, 38, 70, 99, 105, 133, 134, 245

Wildlife and Wetland Trust 104

wolves, reintroduction into the wild of 234, 237–40

wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) 227

World Press Photo Awards, (2012) 150

Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF) 67, 84, 92, 110, 114, 199, 245

woylie (Bettongia penicillata) 245

Yellowstone National Park, U.S. 97, 239

Yemen gazelle (Queen of Sheba’s gazelle) (G. bilkis) 118

Zakouma National Park, Chad 139

zalambdotonty 215–16, 240

Zambia 139, 141, 143, 146, 148, 149

Zanzibar red colobus monkey (Procolobus kirkii) 237

zebra 133, 155, 158, 159, 174, 188, 197, 213, 265

Zimbabwe 132, 137, 143, 144, 149, 169, 176, 197

Zoo Magazine 94

Zoo Quest 90, 91

Zoological Society of London 7, 19, 20, 36, 62, 94, 100, 244, 245, 293–4; Wildlife Comeback in Europe 293–4

zoology: emergence as a science 10; as ‘full of stuff’ 242–3; calls for improbable combination of skills 270–1

zoos: receive first great apes 4, 5, 6; world’s first scientific (London Zoo) 20–1; first panda arrives at London Zoo 21–3; supply of animals to 24, 25, 27, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 55, 57, 63, 74–5, 91; conservation by 41–2, 169, 236–7, 266; zoological parks 46–7; first Children’s Zoo 94 see also under individual zoo name