INDEX

All page numbers refer to the print edition of this title.

adaptation, 127, 225–26
aesthetic unity, 13, 18, 166–68
age of plants, 121, 127
Ahamkara, 484–85
aisthesis, 356–59
alienation, 7, 96
amygdala, 65–66
analogical thinking, 336–42, 350, 359,
      363
animism, 220
anthropocentrism, 79–84, 94, 402, 406–7
    moving beyond, 131, 359–61
antibiotics. See bacteria
antidepressants. See serotonin reuptake
    inhibitors (SRIs)
Archi and archetypes, 366, 369–72
Armah, Ayi Kwei, 242
Armstrong, Louis, 267
art, 19, 232, 244–68, 300–315
artificiality, 116
aspens, 122
attention, 42, 55, 56–57, 65–66, 222,
       236, 301–6
    to feelings, 270–71, 273, 294, 296,
       308–12
    sensory gating channels and, 323–24
auditory processing, 34, 36–37, 38–42
    of plants, 125
autopoiesis, 143
auxin, 122, 183
awareness. See consciousness
ayahuasca (DMT), 192, 194, 195, 197,
      214–16, 217, 219
Azmitia, Efrain, 169, 181–82, 183, 184,
      185, 186–87
background and foreground, 235–39,
361, 365

bacteria, 94–106, 134–35, 407–10
    antibiotic resistant, 95–102, 109
    communication among, 99, 100,
      102–6
    as Gaia’s agents, 130, 396–97, 407–11
    sexual reproduction and, 158–59
barbarian, becoming, 357–58, 361, 415,
      444–46
Basho, 242, 300
Bateson, Gregory, 13, 63, 154, 208, 307,
      506
    on evolution, 1, 138, 151
    on mind, 68, 93
    on nature as context, 232, 235
    on patterns, 166, 231
Baudelaire, Charles, 341
behavior, 53, 69–78, 127, 152, 167–68,
      373–74
    consciousness modules and, 482–83,
      486, 487–88, 507, 508
    of plants, 113, 119, 124, 189
    of systems, 209, 210–11, 377–80
beliefs affecting perception, 61–62
Bellmer, Hans, 351
benzene, 180–81
Berendt, Jacob-Ernst, 314, 386, 390, 391,
      392
Berne, Eric, 49, 482–83, 509
Bernstein, Leonard, 303–4
Berry, Thomas, 396
bifurcations, 209, 393–95, 400–401
biofilms, bacterial, 137–38
bioprecipitation, 145–51
Black Elk, 383
Blake, William, 32, 299
Bly, Robert, 46, 253–54, 276, 307, 351,
      439
    on phase change, 362–63, 365
    on Thoreau, 20, 232
    on writing, 252, 253–54, 302, 305,
      330, 336–37
body, the, 500–502
trusting, 176
bonsai, 309–10
Bortoft, Henri, 333, 334, 336, 371
Bose, Jagadis, 110, 111, 122–23
brain, 32, 33–41
    in plants, 117–24
    scientific obsession with, 92, 93, 94, 112
Le Brun, Annie, 359, 425, 467
Burbank, Luther, 51, 65, 335, 370
    on children and childhood, 493, 495–
      96
Burroughs, William, 458

cannabinoids, 222–23
Carver, George Washington, 320, 328
Cash, Rosanne, 313, 315
Castle, Terry, 22–23
Cave, Nick, 279
central nervous system (CNS), 50, 58,
      170, 222
chaos, 73–74, 384
    theory, 75, 154
childlikeness, 53, 323, 325–26
children and childhood, 13–14, 18, 19,
      213, 220
    sensory gating in, 40, 46–50
    “sensory processing deficits” (SPDs)
      in, 47–48
chloroplasts, 184
Cinderella, 452
circadian rhythms, 175, 186
civilization, 444–45
Clapton, Eric, 261, 267, 280
Clark, Nigel, 393, 397, 399, 400–401,
      424, 436
Clark’s Nutcracker, 86–92
coevolution, 86, 201–11, 234–39
cognitive overload, 476
Collingwood, R. G., 2
communication, 207–8, 219, 355–62,
      440–41
    chemical, 122, 125–26, 209
    in ecosystems, 206–10, 386
    evolution as, 345–48
    imagination as, 340–41
    language and, 314–15
    music as, 260, 262, 391
    with plants, 296, 324–25, 340–41,
      386
community/individual relationship, 176,
      185, 230
complexity, 71, 73, 137, 152–53,
      298–99
computers, plants as, 116–17
congruency, 89, 91, 303–4
consciousness
    altering, 59–61, 244, 248, 250–54,
      257–60, 269–71
    modules, 52–53, 388–89, 475, 481–
      502
    multiplicity of, 52, 506–7
    in non-humans, 84–86
    repression and, 61–65, 507–8
    training, 270–74, 337–38
    and unconsciousness, 74, 255–56,
      373–74, 480–81
contemplation, 328–31
contrast of sensory input, 36
control, 19, 305, 374
cooperation in nature, 126, 141
corporations, 427–28, 431–32
Crichton, Michael, 93, 127, 154, 202,
      402
    on complex systems, 69, 73, 136, 150
    on evolution, 233–34
    on modern science, 69, 133, 431
    on swarm intelligence, 373–74
culture and awareness, 19, 24–25, 43, 47
cummings, e. e., 442

Darwin, Charles, 81, 111, 239
Dawkins, Richard, 396
Dawson, Kim, 169
death, 403–5
Delaney, Samuel, 349
Densmore, Frances, 38, 264
depression, 478–80
depth immersion, 315–19, 337–38
Deresiewicz, William, 420–22
Derrida, Jacques, 437
developmental stages, 50–51, 52–53,
      483, 489, 498
disease as disharmony, 390
dissociation, 84, 434, 440–41, 443
DMT. See ayahuasca (DMT)
dolphin song, 391
dopamine, 175
dreaming, 30, 114–15, 250–51, 259,
      372–75
    of Earth, 376–79, 383
duende, 306–7, 368
Dunning, John, 246

Eagle Shield, 264
Eckerman, Johann Peter, 275
ecology, 2, 138, 139, 298
    balance of, 203–4
    education on, 318–19
ecoranges, 128–29, 202
ecosystems, 223–30
    pain of, 223
education. See school
Ego, 484–89
Einstein, Albert, 1, 13, 24, 93, 129, 336
    and childlikeness, 303, 336
    on curiosity, 323
    on delusion of separateness, 241
    on feeling, 167, 320, 351
    on perception, 243, 376
Elgar, Edward, 390
emergence, 72–73, 74, 132, 167, 367
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 337
empathy with others, 220–21
empiricism, error of, 334
entrainment, 386–87
environment, 372
    individual as part of, 26–27, 141, 142,
      150, 208–9, 289
    as scenario, 232–38, 362, 397
environmentalism, 432
evolution, 1, 65, 78, 128–29, 142, 345
    and archetypes, 371
    of bacteria, 97–100, 103, 104–5
    and coevolution, 201–11, 234–39
    intelligence and, 77–92, 98
    as ongoing, 233–34
    psychotropics and, 224–25
    of sex, 158–66
    of viruses, 107–9
experts and expertise, 415, 416, 418–20,
      423–29
exteroceptive inputs, 73, 76, 77
extraterrestrial matter, 399–400, 407,
      410–11

faces, 278–79
fairy tales, 446–54
fear, 70, 403–4, 475, 477, 486–87
feeling
    aesthetic unity and, 166–67
    attention to, 59–60, 65–66, 440–54
    the emotions of others, 476–77
    field, 281
    literature and, 245–48, 252
    music and, 258–62, 265–66, 268
    nature evoking, 275–77
    pain, 278–80
    of place, 256–57, 277
    as real, 269–70
    sense, 29, 33, 38, 39
    tone, 270–71, 273, 295, 313, 335
    training sense of, 66–67, 270–74,
      280–91, 351–54
Fericgla, Josep, 192
first things, 369
flowers, 161–63
food, 442
forests, 117–18, 148–49
Francis, Dick, 247–50, 488
Freedman, David, 426
free will, 78, 139
Freud, Anna, 418–19
Freud, Sigmund, 484
Frost, Robert, 415
Fukuoka, Masanobu, 136–37, 144, 275,
      358–59, 369
    on children, 495
    on interrelationship, 205, 210, 364
    on nature’s fluidity, 239
    on plant archetypes, 370
Fuller, Buckminster, 155, 234, 236–37,
      240, 293, 397
    on humanity, 435
    on scenario, 232
fungi. See also psilocybin
    and plants, 120, 125–26, 199, 209,
      211–12, 215
    psychotropics in, 197–202, 211–14,
      369
    reproduction of, 160

Gaia, 129–68, 396–406, 446
    bacteria as, 135, 137–38
    function of humans in, 406–11
    innovation and, 159, 437–38
    as personification, 150–51
    reproduction of, 396, 407–9, 410–11
    serotonin and, 180–88
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA),
      123–24, 173, 222–23
Garcia Lorca, Federico, 306, 368
Gardner, John, 244, 250, 251–52, 253,
      342, 368
Garland, Judy, 443
gating. See sensory gating channels
genetics, 142, 321–22, 335, 344–48, 431
Godesky, Jason, 219–20, 296, 340–41
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 46, 72,
      130, 240, 336, 405, 446
    on archetypes, 370, 371
    on the body, 176, 500
    on perception, 40, 243, 250, 290–91,
      327, 329, 331–32, 343
    on writing, 251, 455
golden threads, 299, 300–311, 315–18,
      321, 329–31, 349, 364
Greenberg, Joanne, 503

Harding, Stephan, 231, 241–42, 318–19
    on perception, 328, 443
Harmon, Graham, 131
healing, 388–90, 392
heart field, 508–10
heart perception, 33
Heinlein, Robert, 80, 397
herbalism, 423
Herbert, Frank, 134, 139
Hillman, James, 18, 19, 61, 272,
      300–301
hippocampus, 34, 48, 172–73
Hird, Myra, 130, 141, 144–45
Hofmann, Albert, 17–19, 58, 218,
      229–30
    on LSD, 195, 198, 221, 226–27, 228,
      229, 380
    on paranoia, 465–66, 473
    on realities, 45–46, 439, 458
holism, 2, 77, 114, 210
    Gaia hypothesis and, 132
    in perception, 237–38
    vs. reductionism, 72, 350, 402–3
homeodynamis, 128–29, 144, 210–11,
      377–79, 384, 400–401
homeostatic regulators, 186–87
honeybees, 175–76
human beings, 11–12, 18
    as dependent on non-humans, 145
    ecological function of, 401, 406–11
    future of, 403, 411–13, 435
    as non-unique, 79, 131
    as predator species, 107, 406
    understanding, 396, 401–6
Huxley, Aldous, 2, 26, 45, 195–96, 220–
      21, 318, 326, 378, 455

imaginal world, 362–67, 371, 383–84
imagination, 297, 335–41. See also
      synaesthesia
immersion, 315–19, 329–31, 350, 358
individual, trusting in, 424, 435–38
inner child work, 481, 493–98
inner council work, 481–502
innovation, 422–23
    in systems, 159, 165, 168, 191, 233
intelligence, 28, 68–92
    bacterial, 102–6
    meaning of, 77–78
    of plants, 110–24, 126–27
    of viruses, 107–9
interactors, strong and weak, 202–4
interconnectedness, 232, 307–8, 349,
    399. See also golden threads;
    symbiogenesis
interoceptive inputs, 53, 72–73, 76, 77
intuition, 167, 241–42
invasive species, 210–11, 289–90, 380,
      402–3
Ionnanidis, John, 425–27, 430

Jefferson, Thomas, 394
journey, the, 463–64, 466–68
juggling, 74–76, 152
Jung, C. G., 457–58
Junger, Ernst, 68, 382

Kalahari Bushmen, 243, 289, 291, 295,
      307–8, 371–72, 387
Keeney, Bradford, 268–69, 276, 289,
      295–96, 299, 387–88
Keller, Evelyn Fox, 319, 320, 327–28,
      331
    on Barbara McClintock, 324, 325–26,
      329, 335, 343–44, 348
Keller, Helen, 51, 466
keystone behaviors, 210–11
keystone species, 202, 203–5, 210–11
Kiefer, Mark, 52, 56, 57, 64
King, Stephen, 240, 251
Kolbert, Elizabeth, 394–95
Krenov, James, 308–9, 310–11
Krugman, Paul, 237, 394, 415, 419, 428
Kübler-Ross, Elisabeth, 8–12

language, 49, 207–8, 314
    metaphorical, 197, 274
Lao-tzu, 369
learning, 127–28, 152, 242
    experiential, 282–88, 291–93, 353
    vs. knowing, 352–53
Lenton, Timothy, 100, 129, 138, 144,
      149, 150, 298
    on Gaia, 376, 396–97
Leonard, George, 387, 389
Leopold, Aldo, 20, 107, 386
Lewontin, Richard, 85, 126, 132, 324,
      404
    on environmental space, 235, 238
    on evolution, 78, 141–42, 234
linearity. See nonlinearity
livingness, 63, 352–53
locust, desert, 177–80
Lovelock, James, 76, 131, 275–76, 380,
      422
    on coevolution, 234–35, 239
    on Gaia, 132, 142–43, 167, 349
lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 194,
      195, 197, 198, 221, 227–29,
      458–62

Mahler, Gustav, 254–55, 267–68
Margulis, Lynn, 81, 101, 131, 140, 143,
      158–59, 160
mathematical ability, 87, 88–92
McClintock, Barbara, 26, 68, 111, 319,
      321–29, 335, 342, 343–44, 348–49,
      413
meaning, 28, 59, 62–64, 332–34
mechanicalism, 254
    music and, 263, 264–66
    in science, 266–67
medicinal plant songs, 384–85, 388
memory, 14, 87–88, 89–90, 91–92
    of bacterial colonies, 102–3
    of plants, 119, 124, 127
    of self-organized systems, 209
mescaline, 195–96, 221
metapattern, 154–57, 166, 216
metaphysical background of world,
      314–18, 332, 336, 361
Midgley, Mary, 81, 82, 83, 93, 96, 150,
      237, 416–17
Mirabai, 468
Muir, John, 298
music, 217, 254–68, 311–17, 391–92,
      461–62
    entrainment in, 387–89
    psychotropics and, 228, 381–82
mystery, 13, 134

naturalists, 319, 320–50
Nature, 213, 289
    patterns in, 151–58
    as scenario, 232–34
    science and, 19
neural networks, 33, 57–58, 119–24,
      139, 157, 169–70
    of plants, 119–24, 125, 188–90,
      212–13
    plasticity in, 38, 170–73, 185
    psychotropics and, 211–14,
      216–24
    serotonin and, 184–88, 390
neurotransmitters in plants, 112, 119,
      122, 184
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 192, 242
nodes, 203, 204, 238, 307, 362, 366,
      399
non-conformity, 6–8, 22–25
    value of, 22–24
nonlinearity, 71–73, 75, 90–91,
      153–55, 397–401
    and problem-solving, 436–37
notitia, 300, 309–11, 328
numinous experience, 14–18, 20–22
    art and, 19, 21
oscillation, patterns of, 384–91
oxygen, 182–83

pain, 223
paranoia, 473–76
Parker, Charlie, 266
patterns, 151–58, 166, 167, 216–17,
      231, 314–15
Pendell, Dale, 168, 192, 224–25, 373,
      465
perception, 19–20, 26–44, 46, 349–50,
      351–67
    beliefs and, 61–62, 167
    of feelings, 270–72
    gains in, 56–57
    holistic, 237–38, 243
    and imaginal world, 371
    meaning and, 332–34
    and the perceptual database, 291–97
    in plants, 112–17
    psychotropics and, 194–230
    training, 280–95, 321
personhood of the other, 219–20
personification of nature, 150–51
perturbations, 74, 160, 205–6, 209, 213,
      397
phase change, 71, 154, 178, 203, 362–63,
      403. See also synchronization
plants
    archetypes of, 369–71, 385
    chemical treatment of, 123, 200
    communication with, 296, 324–25,
      340–41, 386
    music and, 263–64
    oscillations in, 385–86
    serotonin in, 169, 184, 188–91
    and their environment, 113–17
plasticity, 38, 48–49, 63, 119, 170–73,
      212
    synaptic, 170–71, 185, 186
pollination, 160–63
psilocybin, 196, 197–202, 211–14, 218–
      19, 372
psychoanalysis, 418–20
psychosis, 31, 33
psychotropics, 192–230, 269, 361
emergence of, 380–81
Pythagoras, 68

quantum theory, 85, 344–47, 366–67,
      372, 377, 401

Ram Dass, 490
reading, 244–45
reality. See also metaphysical background
      of world
    feelings and, 269
    as multiple, 45–46
    presumptions about, 24–25, 83
    psychotropics and, 226–28
reason, inadequacy of, 348, 393–94, 415
reductionism, 69–70, 72, 78, 94, 132,
      167, 230, 318
    as dissociative, 84, 150, 432
    fear and, 70, 239, 343
Renard, Jules, 466
repression, 61–65, 478
reproduction, 158–66
rice, 370–71
Rilke, Rainer Maria, 277–79, 412
Roethke, Theodore, 21
roots, 120–21
    as brain of plants, 111, 121–22, 124,
      188, 211–14
    growth of, 188–89
    metapatterns and, 157
    serotonin and, 188–91
    symbiotic relationships of, 124–25,
      199–201, 202, 211–14, 215
Rubin, Edgar, 236
Rumi, 374
Ryan, Frank, 27, 106–7, 108–9

safety, 466–67, 469, 471–73
Sagan, Dorion, 2, 158–59, 396
Saul, John Ralston, 393–94, 415, 441
Saunders, Peter, 376
schizophrenia, 31, 33, 42–44, 361
    healing, 503–12
    as state of altered consciousness, 44
school, 3–6, 65, 417, 420–22
    vs. education, 4, 12, 18, 19, 253, 318,
      416, 421–22
science, holistic, 241–42, 254, 321–28
    and depth, 318–20
    vs. modern science, 350
science, modern, 136–37, 231
    anthropocentrism of, 79–84, 94, 150,
      414
    arrogance of, 133, 322, 360
    and Barbara McClintock, 321–22,
      343–44
    brain chauvinism of, 92, 93, 94, 112
    failures of, 425–33
    mechanicalism of, 266–67
secret kinesis of things, 246–47, 268–74,
      352
seeds, 385
self-awareness, 28, 124, 477, 488
self-care, 279–80, 342–43, 465–502
    exercises for, 489–502
self-organization, 69–78, 135–36, 143–
      44, 152–53
    archetypes and, 372
    bifurcation and, 395
    of ecosystems, 209–11, 238–39
    of Gaia, 367, 383–86
    intelligence as, 84, 112
    neural networks and, 169–70
    semantics of, 208
    serotonin and, 180–88, 191
    of Universe, 398–400
self/other duality, 240
    transcending, 300, 328, 360–61
self-selection, 418, 420, 421–22, 431
Seneca, Joe, 258
senses, 26–30, 331
    chemistry of, 37
    communication and, 39–40, 126
    processing input of, 29–31, 60
sensory gating channels, 31–35, 46, 75, 171
    in children, 323, 334–35
    deficits in, 41–44
    of Earth, 377–78
    neurochemistry and, 173, 190–91
    in non-Western minds, 433–34
    opening, 35–37, 38–41, 54–61, 67,
       270–74, 331
    perturbations and, 213, 225
    psychotropics and, 194–97, 214, 219,
       221–24, 269
    reading and, 244–54
    reducing, 469–71, 477–78
    and self/other duality, 240
    sex and, 161
sensory gestalt, 295–97
sensory overload, 468, 476–77
sensory processing deficits (SPDs),
       41–44, 47
serotonin, 169, 172–77, 178–80, 190
    Gaia and, 180–88
    music and, 390
    psychotropics and, 193–97
    receptors, 173–76, 212, 217, 218
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs),
       190–91, 479
sex, 158–66
shadow sides, 451–53
sight and seeing, 326–27, 342
Smith, Noah, 415
soil, 120–21, 212
song of Earth, 383–92
Sontag, Susan, 84
spectrum, information, 114
spheres, 155–56
spiritual development, 295–96
Stafford, William, 16, 40, 243, 251, 299,
       480
    on feeling, 442–43
    golden threads and, 201–2, 330
    on writing, 302–3, 305
Stevens, Wallace, 26, 267
Sturgeon, Theodore, 309–10
Sugden, Andrew, 320
symbiogenesis, 140–45, 186
synaesthesia, 39, 219, 295–96, 385–86
    contemplation and, 331–32
    reading and, 245–46, 250
    sound and, 254–68
    writing and, 252, 303
synchronization, 69–71, 386

Tao Te Ching, 244
task sets, 50, 56–57
template, sensory, 61
text of the world, 338–39
thinking vs. feeling, 262–63, 272
Thomas, Lewis, 407–8
Thoreau, Henry David, 13, 17, 20, 151,
       290, 497
    on anthropocentrism, 360
    on knowing, 352–53
time, 140, 178–79, 195, 379–83, 402
Trewavas, Anthony, 93, 105, 106, 110,
       114–15, 116, 119, 152, 377
tryptophan, 181, 183, 184
Twain, Mark, 276–77, 282–88,
       292–93

“unconscious” mind, 74, 255–56, 373–
       74, 480–81
Universe, 398, 436
    as open system, 398–99

Varela, Francisco, 143
Vaughan, Stevie Ray, 261–62
veriditas, molecular, 168, 169–91
viruses, 106–9, 141
Volk, Tyler, 153, 154–56, 216

Walker, Alice, 441–42
Wasson, R. Gordon, 369, 372
water, microbes in, 145–51
wildness, 357–58, 361, 373, 445–46, 462
Williams, Hywel, 100, 129, 138, 150, 397
wind pollination, 160–61
wood, 308–11
writing, 244–54, 300–308