P A R T

1    

THE SEMINARIAN CHOOSES SCIENCE (1849–1875)

I, too, am from the soil. My grandfather was a church chanter and worked the earth.

—Ivan Pavlov

image

The Pavlovs of Riazan, probably in 1871, from left: sons Ivan (holding Sergei) and Dmitrii, father Petr Dmitrievich Pavlov, son Petr, mother Varvara Ivanovna Pavlova, son Nikolai or Konstantin. In a version of this photo published several times previously Sergei’s face has been obviously added (or restored) afterwards. Pavlov’s parents may have defaced Sergei’s features in this photo after he accidentally killed his brother Petr in a hunting accident. © St. Petersburg branch, Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences