Amoozegar, Cyrus. 2007. “Constructal Theory of Written Language.” In Constructal Theory of Social Dynamics, edited by Adrian Bejan and Gilbert W. Merkx. New York: Springer, pp. 297–314.
Bejan, Adrian. 1982. Entropy Generation Through Heat and Fluid Flow. New York: Wiley, p. 35.
———. 1996. Entropy Generation Minimization: The Method of Thermodynamic Optimization of Finite-Size Systems and Finite-Time Processes. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
———. 1997. “Constructal Theory of Organization in Nature.” In Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, pp. 704–811.
———. 2000. Shape and Structure, from Engineering to Nature. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2006. Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, p. 770.
———. 2007. “Why University Rankings Do Not Change: Education as a Natural Hierarchical Flow Architecture.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 2 (4): 319–27.
———. 2008. “Constructal Self-Organization of Research: Empire Building Versus the Individual Investigator.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 3 (3): 177–89.
———. 2009a. “Two Hierarchies in Science: The Free Flow of Ideas and the Academy.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 4 (4): 386–94.
———. 2009b. “The Golden Ratio Predicted: Vision, Cognition and Locomotion as a Single Design in Nature.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 4 (2): 97–104.
———. 2010. “The Constructal-Law Origin of the Wheel, Size, and Skeleton in Animal Design.” American Journal of Physics 78 (7): 692–99.
Bejan, A., and D. Gobin. 2006. “Constructal Theory of Droplet Impact Geometry.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 49: 2412–19.
Bejan, A., and P. Haynsworth. 2011. “The Natural Design of Hierarchy: Basketball Versus Academia.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 6.
Bejan, A., Edward C. Jones, and Jordan D. Charles. 2010. “The Evolution of Speed in Athletics: Why the Fastest Runners Are Black and Swimmers White.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 5 (3): 199–211.
Bejan, A., and S. Lorente. 2001. “Thermodynamic Optimization of Flow Geometry in Mechanical and Civil Engineering.” Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics 26: 305–54.
———. 2004. “The Constructal Law and the Thermodynamics of Flow Systems with Configuration.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 47: 3203–14.
———. 2005. La Loi Constructale. Paris: L’Harmattan.
———. 2006. “Constructal Theory of Generation of Configuration in Nature and Engineering.” Journal of Applied Physics 100, article 041301.
———. 2008. Design with Constructal Theory. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
———. 2010. “The Constructal Law of Design and Evolution in Nature.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 365: 1335–47.
———. 2011. “The Constructal Law and the Evolution of Design in Nature.” Physics of Life Reviews 8: 209–40.
Bejan, A., S. Lorente, and J. Lee. 2008. “Unifying Constructal Theory of Tree Roots, Canopies and Forests.” Journal of Theoretical Biology 254: 529–40.
Bejan, A., S. Lorente, A. F. Miguel, and A. H. Reis. 2006. “Constructal Theory of Distribution of City Sizes.” In Bejan 2006, pp. 774–79.
———. 2006. “Constructal Theory of Distribution of River Sizes.” In Bejan 2006, pp. 779–82.
Bejan, Adrian, and James H. Marden. 2006. “Unifying Constructal Theory for Scale Effects in Running, Swimming, and Flying.” Journal of Experimental Biology 209: 238–48.
———. 2009. “The Constructal Unification of Biological and Geophysical Design.” Physics of Life Reviews 6: 85–102.
Bejan, Adrian, and Gilbert W. Merkx, eds. 2007. Constructal Theory of Social Dynamics. New York: Springer.
Bejan, A., and S. Périn. 2006. “Constructal Theory of Egyptian Pyramids and Flow Fossils in General.” In Bejan 2006, pp. 782–88.
Biserni, C., L. A. O. Rocha, G. Stanescu, and E. Lorenzini. 2007. “Constructal H-Shaped Cavities According to Bejan’s Theory.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 50: 2132–38.
Charles, Jordan D., and Adrian Bejan. 2009. “The Evolution of Speed, Size and Shape in Modern Athletics.” Journal of Experimental Biology 212: 2419–25.
Francis, W. Nelson, and Henry Kucˇera. 1982. Frequency Analysis of English Usage: Lexicon and Grammar. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Hoppeler, Hans, and Ewald R. Weibel. 2005. “Scaling Functions to Body Size: Theories and Facts.” Journal of Experimental Biology 208 (9): 1573–74. Special issue.
Lewins, Jeffery. 2003. “Bejan’s Constructal Theory of Equal Potential Distribution.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 46: 1541–43.
Lorente, Sylvie. 2007. “Tree Flow Networks in Urban Design.” In Bejan and Merkx, pp. 51–70.
Lorente, Sylvie, and Adrian Bejan. 2010. “Few Large and Many Small: Hierarchy in Movement on Earth.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 5 (3): 254–67.
Lorenzini, Giulio, and Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha. 2006. “Constructal Design of Y-Shaped Assembly of Fins.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 49: 4552–57.
Manton, Kenneth G., Kenneth C. Land, and Eric Stallard. 2007. “Human Aging and Mortality.” In Bejan and Merkx, pp. 183–96.
Miguel, António F. 2006. “Constructal Pattern Formation in Stony Corals, Bacterial Colonies and Plant Roots under Different Hydrodynamics Conditions.” Journal of Theoretical Biology 242: 954–61.
———. 2010. “Natural Flow Systems: Acquiring Their Constructal Morphology.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 5 (3): 230–41.
Morroni, Franca. 2007. “Constructal Approach to Company Sustainability.” In Bejan and Merkx, pp. 263–78.
Périn, Stephen. 2007. “The Constructal Nature of the Air Traffic System.” In Bejan and Merkx, pp. 119–45.
Poirier, H. 2003. “Une théorie explique l’intelligence de la nature.” Science & Vie 1034: 44–63.
Quéré, S. 2010. “Constructal Theory of Plate Tectonics.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 5 (3): 242–53.
Raja, V. Arun Prasad, Tanmay Basak, and Sarit Kumar Das. 2008. “Thermal Performance of a Multi-block Heat Exchanger Designed on the Basis of Bejan’s Constructal Theory.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 51: 3582–94.
Reis, A. Heitor, and Adrian Bejan. 2006. “Constructal Theory of Global Circulation and Climate.” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 49: 1857–75.
Reis, A. Heitor, and Cristina Gama. 2010. “Sand Size Versus Beachface Slope—An Explanation Based on the Constructal Law.” Geomorphology 114: 276–83.
Reis, A. H., A. F. Miguel, and M. Aydin. 2004. “Constructal Theory of Flow Architecture of the Lungs.” Medical Physics 31: 1135–40.
Rocha, L. A. O., E. Lorenzini, and C. Biserni. 2005. “Geometric Optimization of Shapes on the Basis of Bejan’s Constructal Theory.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 32: 1281–88.
Staddon, John E. R. 2007. “Is Animal Learning Optimal?” In Bejan and Merkx, pp. 161–67.
Tiryakian, Edward A. 2007. “Sociological Theory, Constructal Theory, and Globalization.” In Bejan and Merkx, pp. 147–60.
Weibel, Ewald R. 2000. Symmorphosis: On Form and Function in Shaping Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Weinerth, G. 2010. “The Constructal Analysis of Warfare.” International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 5 (3): 268–76.
www.mems.duke.edu/fds/pratt/MEMS/faculty/abejan.
Zipf, G. K. 1949. Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort: An Introduction to Human Ecology. Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.