Appendix II

The Courtroom Sketches of William Hartley

WILLIAM HARTLEY (1862–1937) was an early Fleet Street photographer whose fame was achieved not with his camera, but from courtroom sketches at the Old Bailey, Bow Street, and other famous courts. Because photography inside the court precincts was not allowed, Hartley had to resort to his drawing skills to provide newspaper readers with images of the people taking centre stage in the dramatic trials for murder and other crimes that enthralled the nation. He was soon renowned for the speed, accuracy and the quality of his drawings. He became a famous exponent of what became an art form in its own right. In terms of quality, his drawings speak for themselves.

Six volumes of his original sketches were donated to the Crime Museum. The material covers the period from 1893 to 1919 when many classic murder cases took place. In an age when photography was not as common as today, Hartley’s sketches often provided the public with their only images of notorious criminals in their last public appearance before their death on the scaffold, interesting characters who acted as witnesses, and the often high-profile lawyers involved. Many of the images appeared in The Morning Leader or The Star newspapers.

There are approximately ninety-one cases covered by the sketches, not all of them positively identified. They include: famous murderer Dr Crippen; Samuel Dougal, who stole money from Camille Holland and was convicted on early ballistics evidence; George Chapman, alias Severin Klosowski, who poisoned his three ‘wives’ and was a suspect in the Jack the Ripper murders; Adolf Beck, twice the victim of a notorious case of mistaken identity for stealing jewellery from women; the Stratton brothers, the first to be convicted of murder on fingerprint evidence; Horatio Bottomley MP, convicted of fraud by the issue of Victory bonds; Emmeline Pankhurst, the Suffragette; and many more. A list of some of the cases featured is shown below:

Year	Case	Details
1893	Charles Wells	Convicted of fraud at the Old Bailey on 6 March 1893, known as one of the men who broke the bank at Monte Carlo
1897	Elizabeth Camp	Murder on a train in SW London
1897	Richard Prince	Murder of William Terriss, the famous actor-manager
1898	Alfred Monson	Death of 18-year-old Cecil Hambrough. Monson tried to defraud the family of an inheritance
1898	William Horsford	Hanged for the murder of cousin Annie Holmes
1898	William Johnson (alias ‘Harry the Valet’) and Moss Lipman	Jewel theft of Mary Blair, Dowager Duchess of Sutherland. Convicted of £30,000 theft
1898	John Schneider	The St Pancras oven murder
1899	Mary Ann Ansell	Poisoned her sister Caroline for £11 life insurance
1899	Bertha Peterson	Daughter of the rector of Biddenden and killer John Whibley
1900	Louise Masset	A half-French governess who murdered her own child
1900	Ada Chard Williams	A baby farmer who killed children entrusted to her care
1900	Herbert John Bennett	Strangled his wife on a Yarmouth beach
1901	Ralph & Caroline Dyer	Took part in a murder to avenge the alleged rape of Caroline
1901	Ernest Walter Wickham	Murdered Amy Russell
1901	Maud Eddington	Shot herself in front of her lover John Bellis
1901	Horos Scandal	Swami Laura Horos was a fake medium put on trial with her husband for rape and fraud
1902	Kitty Byron	The Lombard Street murder
1902	Thomas Goudie	Defrauded Bank of Liverpool of £160,000
1902	George Woolfe	The Tottenham murder
1903	Samuel Dougal	Murder of Camille Holland at Moat Farm where he lived with her, and notable case for ballistics evidence
1903	William Gardiner	The Peasenhall Mystery murder of Rose Harsent
1903	Amelia Sach & Annie Walters	The Finchley baby farmers
1903	Nurse Sampson	Nurse Sampson murder – Kensal Rise
1903	George A. Crossman	Suicide case 23 January 1903
1903	Charles Jeremiah Slowe	Executed 10 November 1903 for the murder of Martha Jane Hardwick
1903	Edgar Edwards	Murder of John Darby
1903	George Chapman or Severin Klosowski	Poisoned three ‘wives’ and has been regarded as a suspect for the Whitechapel Murders and Jack the Ripper
1904	Adolf Beck	Notorious miscarriage of justice
1904	Joseph Stewart	Murdered his brother William Stewart in a drunken domestic quarrel
1904	Conrad Donovan & Charles Wade	Murdered shop keeper Emily Farmer
1904	Charles & Martha Stephenson	Prosecuted for deception by acting as ‘Keiro Palmists’
1904	William Hoffman	Witness in a deception case involving Lewis Solomon
1904	Ernest T. Hooley & Henry Lawson	Once one of the richest men in England, Hooley was later made bankrupt. In 1904 he was acquitted of fraud, but Lawson was convicted
1904	James Whitaker Wright	A wealthy mine owner who was convicted of fraud and committed suicide afterwards
1905	Arthur Devereux	Murdered his wife and two of his children
1905	Hugh Watt former MP	MP for Camlachie 1885–92, convicted of attempting to procure the murder of his wife in 1905
1905	Rebecca Margaret Gregory	Charged with murder at the Old Bailey 14 January 1905
1905	Alfred & Albert Stratton	Convicted of murder of Thomas and Ann Farrow in the first British murder case to be decided on fingerprint evidence
1906	Matilda Stanley	Criminal libel case heard at the Old Bailey brought by Lady Gwendolen Cecil, about allegations that the chaplain at Hatfield House had fathered a child by her
1907	Robert Wood	The Camden Town murder, linked to a famous picture by Walter Sickert, and a proposed connection with Jack the Ripper by crime author Patricia Cornwell
1907	Richard Clifford Brinkley	Poisoned Johanna Blume after tricking her into signing a will in his favour
1907	John Edward Wyatt	Murder of Florence Wakeling by shooting her with his revolver
1907	Arthur Parker Hawkins	Stabbed his sister, Mary Alpe, to death after arguments about money
1907	Mary Ann Dearman	Costermonger who shot her abusive husband under provocation
1907	Charles Smith & May Vivienne Churchill (Chicago May)	On trial for attempted murder of Edward Guerin, appearing at Clerkenwell
1907	Millicent Marsh	19-year-old nursemaid prosecuted for perjury resulting in wrongful conviction for passing a forged cheque
1907	James Albert Jones	19-year-old baker’s assistant who stabbed his wife to death
1907	Emilie Foucault	Threw sulphuric acid at Andre Delombre with whom she had been having an affair
1908	Franz von Veltheim	Blackmail case, demanding money from Solomon Joel, of Barnato Bros, bankers and Africa merchants
1908	Horatio Bottomley MP	Liberal MP who started the John Bull savings scheme, which was fraudulent
1908	George Woolf	Robbery case tried at the Old Bailey, 15 April 1908
1909	Oscar Slater	Controversial murder case brought against the German Jew Oscar Slater who was championed by Arthur Conan Doyle and eventually released from prison in 1928
1909	Davitt Stanley Windell	Appeared at the Old Bailey on 26 June
1909	Lillian Templeton	Featured at Brixton
1910	Dr Hawley Crippen	Infamous murder case
1911	Sidney Street Siege	The prosecution of surviving defendants after the famous Sidney Street siege
1911	Stinie Morrison	Controversially convicted of murder of Leon Beron
1911	Harry Bridge	Lambeth Police Court, 24 November
1911	Francisco Carlos Godhino	Murder of Alice Brewster on SS China on the high seas between Colombo and Aden
1912	Frederick Seddon	Poisoned his lodger Eliza Barrow with arsenic, and made an unsuccessful attempt to sway the trial judge with an appeal about freemasonry
1912	John Williams	Murdered Inspector Arthur Walls at Eastbourne. Notable ballistics case
1912	Albert George Bowes	Shot Police Commissioner Sir Edward Henry in an attempted murder case
1912	Emmeline Pankhurst	Famous Suffragette
1914	Karl Gustav Ernst	Islington hairdresser who acted as a communication link for espionage during the First World War
1918	Louis Voisin	Identified as a murder suspect by means of distinctive hand writing