Aborigines
additives
Africa
agriculture
community-supported (CSA)
industrial
organic
Agriculture Department, U.S. (USDA)
alcohol
red wine
alfalfa sprouts
algae
Allport, Susan
alpha-linolenic acid
Alzheimer’s disease
American Cancer Society
American Heart Association
Americanization
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Ames, Bruce
amino acids
amylase
anchovies
animal fat
U.S. reduction of
see also butter
animal protein
in non-Western diet
nutritionism and
rationing of
see also dairy products; meat
animals:
diet of
wild
anti-inflammatory drugs
antioxidants
in grains
health contributions of
in milk
in plant leaves
removed from food context
in thyme
see also vitamin C
anxiety
food mixing and
nutritionism and
appendicitis
apples
Archer Daniels Midland
Asian diets
Atkins diet
attention deficit disorder (ADD)
Australia
Aborigines in
avocado
baby formula
omega-3s in
bananas
Battle Creek sanitarium
beans, corn with
beef
portion size for
as whole vs. industrial food
Beef Trust
beriberi
Berry, Wendell
beta-carotene
biodiversity
black Americans
Block, Gladys
blood clotting
blood pressure
see also hypertension
body-mass index (BMI)
bouillon
brain, human
fat in
glucose and
mercury and
satiety and
Bratman, Steven
bread
ingredients in
labels on
breast cancer
Brillat-Savarin, Jean-Anthelme
broccoli
Brody, Jane
Burkitt, Denis P.
Bush, George H. W.
butter
color of
imitation rule and
margarine vs.
B vitamins
alcohol and
deficiencies of
calcium
California, University of (Davis)
calories
addition of
corn as percent of
differences in energy from
from fats
nutrition per
from plants
production vs. consumption of
restriction of
from sugar
Campbell, T. Colin
cancer
calorie restriction and
fruits and vegetables and
growth hormones and
low-fat diets and
micronutrient deficiency and
Western diet and
Cannon, Geoffrey
carbohydrate hypothesis
carbohydrates
absorption of
Atkins diet and
calories in
fats vs.
metabolism of
protein vs.
refined
refined vs. fiber
cardiovascular disease
carotenes
beta-
carotenoids
carrots
cars, eating in
case-control studies
cell membranes
cell metabolism
cereals
health claims for
chewing
chicken
“free range,”
Child, Julia
children
see also baby formula
Children’s Hospital and Research Center
China
food from
China Study, The (Campbell)
chocolate, milk
”chocolate cake,” response to
cholesterol, blood
good vs. bad
lowering of
cholesterol, dietary
heart disease and
oxidized vs. ordinary
CIA World Factbook,
Claiborne, Craig
Clinton, Bill
Coca-Cola
coca leaves
coffee
cohort studies
colon
colon cancer
colorectal cancer
common sense
community-supported agriculture (CSA)
confounders
confusion
Congress, U.S.
see also Senate, U.S.
Conspiracy of Scientific Complexity
convenience food
cooking
corn
with beans
dominance of
corn flour
corn oil
corn syrup
avoiding products with
cows
feeding of
C-reactive protein
Crete
culture
eating and
Western diet and
see also manners, mores, and habits
dairy products
omega-3s vs. omega-6s in
rationing of
see also butter; milk
D.A.S.H. (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) study
deer
dental problems
depression
desert island, food for
dessert
DHA
diabetes
new industry for
omega-3s and
type
Western diet and
Diabetic Living
Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Dietary Goals for the United States (1977)
dietary guidelines
diets
of animals
Asian
Atkins
diversity of
food studied out of context of
grape
high-carb
high-fat
lifestyle factors and
low-risk, Willett’s views on
Mediterranean
non-Western
traditional
vegetarian
see also disease, diet and; low-fat diets; Western diet
digestion
of carbohydrates
of milk
of refined foods
dining vs. feeding
disease:
calorie restriction and
deficiency
diet and
life expectancy and
treatment of
see also specific diseases
diverticulitis
DNA
free radicals and
Douglas, Mary
drugs
eating
and avoiding supermarket
defense of
feeding vs.
great grandmother’s rule and
health claims and
health as purpose of
identity and
ingredient rules for
pleasure and
policies for, see manners, mores, and habits
sex compared with
supermarket peripheries and
time spent in
understanding of term
ecology and environment
eggs
England
Enig, Mary
enzymes
EPA
erectile dysfunction
Eskimos
essential fatty acids, see omega-3 fatty acids; omega-6 fatty acids
estrogen
exercise
eyes
fads, food
farmers’ markets
fast food
fats, dietary
calories in
cancer and
carbohydrates vs.
in Greek diet
heart disease and
lipid hypothesis and
metabolism of
reduction of
see also butter; margarine; polyunsaturated fat; saturated fat; trans fats; unsaturated fat; vegetable oils
feeding vs. eating or dining
fertilizer:
chemical
protein as
fiber, dietary
disease prevention and
feeling of fullness and
refined carbohydrates vs.
fish
omega-3s in
wild
flavor principles
flaxseed, as animal feed
Fletcher, Horace
Fletcherizing
flexitarians
flour, refined
foie gras
folic acid
food:
abundance of
declining nutritional quality of
defense of
demand for
FDA redefinition of
income allocated for
postindustrial era
price of
as thing vs. relationship
food chains (food webs)
lengthening of
simplification of
see also food industry
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
health claims and
imitation rule and
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (1938)
food experience
food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs)
food industry
business model of
imitation rule and
nutritionism and
shift from complexity to simplicity in
shift from food culture to science in
food industry (cont.)
shift from leaves to seeds in
shift from quality to quantity in
shift from whole foods to refined in
see also processed food food intake, underestimation of
Food Politics (Nestle)
food processing, traditional
food products
deceptive diversity of
health claims on
FoodReview
food synergy
free radicals
”free range,” use of term
freezers
French paradox
French people
chocolate cake and
food spending of
satiety in
Frito-Lay
chips
fructose
metabolism of
fruit
cancer and
fructose in
health claims and
ripeness of
Funk, Casimir
gardens
gasoline rationing
gas stations, food at
General Mills
genetic engineering
genetics, genes
quantity vs. quality and
glucose
brain and
metabolism of
Go-Gurt Portable Yogurt tubes
Good Calories, Bad Calories (Taubes)
government
see also Food and Drug Administration; Senate, U.S.
grains
grinding of
refined
whole
see also cereals; flour; specific grains grape diets
GRAS (“generally regarded as safe”)
grass-fed animals
”grass-finished” cattle
great grandmother rule
Greek diet
greenhouse gas
greens, wild
growth hormones
guilt
Gussow, Joan
Haber, Fritz
Halweil, Brian
hamburgers
happiness
Harrison, William Henry
Harvard obesity theory
Harvard School of Public Health
Harvard study
Hawaiians, native
health
antioxidants and
environment and
food chain relationships and
lipid hypothesis and
nutrients and
organic and
as purpose of eating
science vs. culture and
health care:
cost of
as industry
health claims, on food products
heart attacks
heart disease
alcohol and
decline in mortality from
diabetics and
lipid hypothesis and
omega-3s and
social class and
sugar and
Western diet and
Hebrides
Hegsted, Mark
heme iron
hemorrhoids
Hibbeln, Joseph
high-carb diets
high-fat diets
high-protein diets
Hippocrates
Hispanic Americans
homicide
honey
hot dogs
Howard, Sir Albert
Hrdlička, Aleš
Hu, Frank B.
hummingbirds
hunger
hunter-gatherer lifestyle
Hutton, Samuel
hydrogenated vegetable oils
hygiene, tooth decay and
hypertension
Western diet and
identity, eating and
imitation rule
immigrant groups
income, allocated for food
India
industrialization
see also food industry; processed food inflammation
ingredient rules
insulin
metabolism of
insulin resistance
insulin response
intervention trials
intestines
Inuit
iron
Italy, Italians
Jacobs, David R.
James, Henry
James, William
Japanese
Jefferson, Thomas
Jewish diet
journalists, journalism
Jungle, The (Sinclair)
Kellogg, John Harvey
Keyes, Ancel
Kraft
Kummerow, Fred
labels, food
lactase
lamb’s quarters
lard
Latin America
learning disabilities
Levenstein, Harvey
Liebig, Justus von
Liebig’s Extractum Carnis
life expectancy
lifestyle
hunter-gatherer
sedentary
linoleic acid
lipid hypothesis
liver (body organ)
liver (food)
Livestock’s Long Shadow (Steinfeld)
low-fat diets
in Nurses’ Health Study
nutritionism and
in Women’s Health Initiative
low-fat products
dairy
low-meat diets
Ludwig, David S.
lycopene
McCarrison, Robert
McGovern, George
mackerel
macronutrients
see also carbohydrates; fats, dietary; protein magnesium
manganese
manners, mores, and habits
cooking and gardening as
eating slowly as
gas station avoidance and
meals and
pay more, eat less as
satiety and
margarine
imitation rule and
trans fats and
Mars Corporation
Masai
mayonnaise
Mazola corn oil
meals
eating occasions vs.
polls about
sharing of
at tables
time spent for preparation of
Meanjin
meat
freezing of
growth hormones in
iron in
in non-Western diet
omega-3 vs. omega-6 in
portion sizes for
red vs. white
reduction of consumption of
from wild animals
see also beef; pork
Mediterranean diet
menopause
mercury, fish contaminated with
metabolic syndrome (syndrome X)
metabolism
of carbohydrates
cell
insulin
Mexico
micronutrients
see also specific micronutrients microwaves
milk
growth hormones in
lactose in
low-fat or skim
in non-Western diet
powdered
quantity vs. quality of
Mindless Eating (Wansink)
minerals
in organic soil
monounsaturated fat
multivitamins
Muslims
mycorrhizae
National Academy of Sciences:
Institute of Medicine at
1982 report of
National Institutes of Health
Native Americans
natural selection
Nestle, Marion
New England Journal of Medicine
”New Light on Some Relationships
Between Soil Mineral
Deficiencies, Low Vitamin
Foods, and Some Degenerative
Diseases” (Price)
New York Times,
Nihoff, John
nitrogen
in fertilizer
nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK)
nitrosamines
Nixon, Richard M.
nonsmokers
Northbourne, Lord
Nurses’ Health Study
nutrients
decline of quality of
food vs.
studied out of food context
see also macronutrients; micronutrients; specific nutrients
nutrition, nutritionists
Nutritional Industrial Complex
Nutrition and Physical Degeneration (Price)
nutritionism
attractiveness of
bad science and
blind spot of
defined
dualism of
French paradox and
nutritionism (cont.)
getting over
as ideology
lipid hypothesis and
low-fat diet and
O’Dea’s avoidance of
processed food and
rise of
sacrificing pleasure and
nutrition science
authority of
and eating plants
food industry and
food studied out of diet context in
health claims and
limits of
lipid hypothesis and
nutrients studied out of context of food in
reductionism of
shift from food culture to
shifting grounds of
nuts
Oakland, Calif., rickets in
oat bran
oats
obesity
Ames’s theory of
Harvard theory of
omega-3s and
refined carbohydrates and
Western diet and
O’Dea, Kerin
oils:
in flour
see also vegetable oils
Okinawa
olive oil
omega-3 fatty acids
deficiencies of
in flour
foods fortified with
omega-6 compared with
role of
omega-6 fatty acids
role of
omnivores
Omnivore’s Dilemma, The (Pollan)
”1A plus 2B,”
oranges
Organic Center
organic food
orthorexics
overnutrition
overweight
Packer, The
parking-lot science
pasta
peaches
peanut butter
pellagra
Perfection Salad (Shapiro)
Perry, George H.
pesticides
Petrini, Carlo
phosphorus
photosynthesis
phytic acid
phytochemicals
phytoestrogens
pigs
placebo effect
plants, plant food
absence of
for animals
biodiversity and
as diet mainstay
freezer use and
growth of
omega-3 fatty acids in
protein from
shift from leaves to seeds of
and skepticism for nontraditional foods
supplements and
traditional diets and
well-grown and healthy soil rule for
wild foods and
wine use and
pleasure, eating and
nutritionism and
”Pleasures of Eating, The” (Berry)
polyphenols
polyunsaturated fat
saturated fat vs.
see also omega-3 fatty acids; omega-6 fatty acids
pomegranate
pork
portion size
potassium
potatoes
french fries
poultry
see also chicken
Powles, John
presidents, U.S., food tastes of
Price, Weston A.
processed food
decline of nutrients in
nutritionism and
omega-3s and
organic
traditional diets and
whole food vs.
protein
backlash against
calories in
chewing of
elevation of
see also animal protein; specific foods
Prout, William
Public Library of Science
PubMed
Puritanism
purslane
”Pursuit of Optimal Diets, The” (Willett)
Queen of Fats, The (Allport)
rats, omega-3s and
refined food:
carbohydrates
shift from whole food to
”Relationships Between Funding
Source and Conclusion among
Nutrition-Related Scientific
Articles” (Ludwig et al.)
religious food
Renner, Martin
responders
Revolution of the Table (Levenstein)
rheumatoid arthritis
riboflavin
rice
white
rickets
Rockefeller, John D.
Rodale, J.I.
Roosevelt, Theodore
rotting food
Rozin, Paul
sailors, sickness in
salmon
Sara Lee’s Soft & Smooth Whole Grain White Bread
sardines
satiety
saturated fat
difficulties of designing trials for
lipid hypothesis and
in meat
polyunsaturated fat vs.
reduction of
trans fats compared with
see also butter
Schweitzer, Albert
Scrinis, Gyorgy
scurvy
seafood
see also fish seeds, shift from leaves to
selenium
Senate, U.S., Select Committee on
Nutrition and Human Needs of
Seventh-Day Adventists
sex, eating compared with
Shapiro, Laura
Sinclair, Upton
Slow Food
smoking
snacks
social class
soda
vitamin-fortified
soil
macronutrients in
organic
quality of
”Sorry Marge” (Scrinis)
soup study
South America
soy, soybeans
dominance of
fermenting of
soybean oil
soy isoflavones
soy protein isolate
Spanish people
spicy food
spinach
State Department, U.S.
Steffen, Lyn M.
Steinfeld, Henning
stews
”Still No Free Lunch” (Halweil)
stroke
sucrose
sugar
calories from
disease and
health claims and
lobby for
metabolism of
rationing of
see also fructose; glucose; sucrose
suicide
supermarkets
avoiding
organic food in
peripheries of
shopping in
supplements
antioxidant
Supreme Court, U.S.
Switzerland, teeth in
tallow
Taubes, Gary
thrombogenesis
thromboxane
thyme
tofu
tomatoes
trans fats
low intake of
margarine and
treatment effect
triglycerides
of Aborigines
turkey
Twinkies
”Types of Dietary Fat and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease” (Harvard review)
ulcers
undernutrition
unit bias
United Nations
unsaturated fat
see also polyunsaturated fat validation studies
Van Buren, Martin
varicose veins
vegetable oils
corn
hydrogenated
olive
soybean
vegetables
cancer and
vegetarian diets
vitamin A
vitamin B6
vitamin B12
vitamin C
eating plants and
vitamin D
vitamin E
vitamin K2
vitamins
see also B vitamins
walnuts
Wansink, Brian
weight gain
weight loss
Western diet
dental problems and
escape from
in Nurses’ Health Study
reversibility of diseases of
review of
shift from complexity to simplicity in
shift from food culture to science in
shift from leaves to seeds in
Western diet
shift from quality to quantity in
shift from whole to refined foods in
wheat
grinding of
quantity vs. quality of
whole food
grains
nutritionism and
processed food vs.
shift to refined food from
wild food
Willett, Walter C.
wine, red
Women’s Health Initiative
FFQs and
flaws in
work, snacking at
World Health Organization (WHO)
World War II
yogurt
yogurt enemas
Yudkin, John
zinc