Index

• Absurdity, 4–6, 33, 41–42, 153

• ACM. See Association for Computing Machinery
• Airplanes, 110–111
  • and computer use by passengers, 121, 123–124
  • and Futurama, 69
  • and Futurism, 47
• alt.pave.the.earth (USENET newsgroup), 57–58
• Anarchism, 49
• Angel of History, 1–2
• Apple, 61, 100, 125–126
  • Apple I (computer), 100
  • restrictions on exchange of software, 125–126
• Aristotle, 27–28
  • Politics, 27
• Arpanet, 79
• Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 94
• “As We May Think” (Bush), 82–83, 88, 91
• Automobile
  • and Futurama, 65, 67–69
  • and Futurism, 44, 47, 56, 57, 60
• Aymara (language), 2
• Bachelard, Gaston, 7–8

• Ball, Hugo, 50
• Balla, Giocomo, 52, 57
• Bel Geddes, Norman, 65, 67–70
• Benjamin, Walter, 1–2, 102
• Berners-Lee, Tim, 77–78, 80, 104–105
• Bible, The, 22, 140–141
• Black Mirror (TV series), 143–146. See also “Nosedive”
• Book. See also specific books
  • commonplace, 102
  • as a figure for the future, xi–xii, 155
  • in libraries, 85–86
  • as a model for computers, 110, 114, 121, 130, 131
  • reference, 92–93
• Bootstrapping (concept for research), 92–93, 95, 152
• Boston, 36–40, 69, 140
• Bush, Vannevar, xiv, 80, 82–83, 85–88, 91, 92, 114, 149. See also Memex
• Butler, Samuel, 40
• Camera, 83–85, 86

• Car. See Automobile
• Casting lots, 20–22
• Chance, 20–22
• City, 9, 58, 60, 67, 73. See also Boston; New York
  • as city-state, 27–28
• Climate change, xii,
• Cohen, Leonard, 149
• Cold War, 87
• Colonialism, 6, 48–49
• Communism, 30, 34
• Complexity, 80, 100, 106–107
• Corning, Inc., 138–139, 147
• Credit card, 38, 42
• Crystal ball, xii,
• Cut and paste, 100–101

• Dada, 49–50, 53, 54, 57
• Day Made of Glass, A (Corning, Inc.), 138–140
• Demo or demonstration (format for future vision), 90–95, 99, 134, 150
• Design, 134–136. See also Design fiction; Human-centered design
  • and augmentation of human intellect, 92
  • of automobiles and highways, 74–75
  • based on educational principles, 30
  • of circuits, 112
  • of computers, 110, 118, 126
  • and critical responses, 101
  • of the Crystal Palace, 62
  • definitions of, 134–136
  • of Futurama, 65–70
  • and kitchens, 8, 10, 11–14
  • of programming languages
  • of the World Wide Web, 105
• Design fiction, 133–140, 153
• Determinism, 21–22
  • technological, 54, 56, 130
• DNS. See Domain Name Service
• Domain Name Service (DNS), 104–105
• Duchamp, Marcel, 50
• Dynabook (concept and system), 82, 109–110, 114–127, 129–131

• Eames, Charles, 134
• Edison, Thomas, xiv, xv
• Email, 79, 103, 124
• Empire Strikes Back, The, 17
• EPCOT Center, 74–75
• Engelbart, Douglas, xiv, 78, 79–80, 88–100. See also oN-Line System
• Erewhon (Butler), 40
• Exhibitions. See also World’s Fairs
  • French Industrial Exposition of 1844, 60–61
  • Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations (London, 1941), 61–63
  • national, 60

• Fascism, 48, 162
• Fiction, 33, 42, 97, 136–137. See also Design fiction; Science fiction; Utopia
  • “art fiction
• File Retrieval and Editing System (FRESS), 103
• Food, 36. See also Kitchens
• “Founding Manifesto of Futurism, The” (Marinetti), 43–48
• FRESS. See File Retrieval and Editing System
• Futurama
  • at the 1939–1940 World’s Fair, 60, 65–70, 138, 140, 149
  • at the 1964 World’s Fair, 60, 73–74
• Future, figuratively understood
  • as dark or dim, xii, 3
  • as a journey, 2–3
  • as unbuilt, 3–4
  • as unwritten, xi, 3
• Future-making, xi, xiii, xv–xvi, 4, 31, 43
• Futures studies, xiii
• Futurism, 43–58
  • vs. Dada, 49, 57
  • and Fascism, 48–50
  • Italian, 43–58
  • Russian and Ukranian, 48
  • and technology, 50–57
  • vs. women, 45–46

• General Motors, 60, 65, 70, 73–75, 149
• GNU/Linux, 126, 128
• Goldberg, Adele, 122
• Graphical user interface (GUI), 119, 122, 129
• GUI. See Graphical user interface
• Gulliver’s Travels (Swift), 40

• Heilbroner, Robert, 24–25
• Herland (Gilman), 39–41
• HES. See Hypertext Editing System
• Human-centered design, 109, 129, 133
• Hypertext Editing System (HES), 103
• Hypertext, 78–80, 94, 100–109

• IEEE. See Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• Internet, 79, 104–105
• iOS, 125–126
• iPad, 103, 125–126

• Jaynes, Julian, 18–22

• Kay, Alan, v, xiv, 94, 110, 114–123, 127, 130, 131, 149
• KiddiKomp, 121–122. See also Dynabook
• Kitchen, 7–15
  • dangers of, 8–9
  • as spaces for women and women's labor, 9–12, 14
• Klee, Paul, 1

• Links, hypertextual. See Hypertext
• Linux. See GNU/Linux
• Looking Backward: 2000–1887 (Bellamy), 34–38, 40–41

• Maeda, John, 135
• Mafarka the Futurist (Marinetti)
• Magic Motorways (Bel Geddes), 65
• Mallarmé, Stéphane, 22
• Manhattan Project, 83, 149
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 82
• Matrix, The, 17
• Memex, 82–88, 91, 114, 118
• Men
  • and Futurism, 46
  • in the workforce, 38–39, 87–88
• Metamedium (concept), 115, 117–118
• Microsoft, 128. See also Microsoft Surface; Windows
• Microsoft Surface, 130–131
• Minority Report, 138
• MIT. See Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Morshed, Adnan, 68–69
• Mouse (computer interface device), 88–91, 93–94, 97, 100
• Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), 8, 136

• Negroponte, Nicholas, 126. See also One Laptop Per Child
• Nelson, Ted, xiv, 78, 79–80, 94, 100–107, 146
• New Media Reader, The (Wardrip-Fruin and Montfort), 80
• New Museum, 11
• Newspapers, 21, 44, 50–51, 52–53
• New York, 64
• NLS. See oN-Line System
• “Nosedive” (episode of Black Mirror), 144–146

• OLPC. See One Laptop Per Child
• One Laptop Per Child (OLPC), 126–129
• oN-Line System (NLS), 80, 88–92, 95, 99
• Openness
  • and freedom of technologies, 106–107, 126
  • to new ideas, 33
  • and sharing of ideas, 78, 107, 126, 153
• Osborne 1 (computer), 121
• OS X, 126

• Perloff, Marjorie, 44
• Personal computing, 96, 109–110, 111–112, 114–122, 123, 128, 130. See also Apple I; iPad; Osborne 1
  • vs. time-sharing, 111, 114
• Perspective
  • ancient vs. modern, 17–18
  • first-person vs. third-person, 68–69, 70, 74–75, 152
• Phone. See Telephone
• Plato, 27–28, 34, 36, 40, 142
  • Laws, 27
  • Republic, The, 28, 34, 36, 40, 142
• Portability (of computers), 109–110, 114–115, 117, 121–125, 130, 131
• Prediction (vs. future-making), v, xii–xv, 4, 21, 22, 26, 110
• Progress (vs. stasis), 26–31
  • in the Enlightenment, 29–30
  • recent arguments against
  • in St. Augustine, 28–29
• Project Xanadu. See Xanadu
• Pry (Gorman and Cannizarro), 103

• Rock paper scissors (game), 21
• Russian Revolution, 46

• Scanner Darkly, A (book and movie), 142
• Science fiction, 7, 64, 97, 142–147
• Skype. See Teleconferencing
• Smalltalk (programming language), 119, 122–123, 127
• Socialism, 36–37, 49
• Squeak implementation, 123, 127
• Stanford Research Institute, 90
• Stanford University, 122
• Star Trek, 4–7, 147
• Sterling, Bruce, 133
• Stretchtext, 103–104
• Stylus (computer input device), 130–131
• Surrealism, 49, 53
• Swift, Jonathan, 40

• Teleconferencing, 79
• Telegraph, 51
• Telephone, 63, 77, 142–145
  • smartphone, 77, 142–145
• Torn choice, 20–24
• Twilight Zone, The (TV series), 143

• University of Pennsylvania, 112
• Utopia, 33–42, 53
  • and dystopia, 40
  • vs. eutopia, 40
• Utopia (More), 34–36

• van Dam, Andries, 94
• Vietnam War, 73, 150
• Volta, Allesandro, xv
• War. See also Cold War; Vietnam War; World War I; World War II
  • glorification of, 45–46, 51, 137
  • in the twentieth century, 30

• Wardrip-Fruin, Noah, 80
• Weapons
  • in kitchens, 9, 11
  • and research projects, 83, 87
• Web. See World Wide Web
• Windows (Microsoft operating system), 126, 128
• Women
  • and domestic labor, 9–12, 14
  • and Futurism, 45–46
  • and utopias, 38–41
  • in the workforce, 38–39, 87
• World’s Fairs, 59–75, 150, 153. See also Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations
  • Century 21 Exposition, Seattle, 73
  • Dubai, 2020, 74
  • Expo 67, Montreal, 73
  • Golden Gate International Exposition, San Francisco, 1939–1940, 72
  • New York World’s Fair, 1939–1940, 60, 63–70
  • New York World’s Fair, 1964, 73–73
• World Wide Web, 77–99, 101–107
• World War I, 30, 49–50, 63
• World War II, 10, 65, 72, 82–83, 86–87, 149
• Writing. See also Design writing; Fiction; Science fiction
  • code, 113
  • Futurist, 52, 59
  • by hand (handwriting), 85
  • to imagine the future, 33–42, 133–136
  • utopian, 28, 33–42, 136

• Xanadu, 100, 103–104
• Xerox NoteTaker, 121–122
• XO (computer), 125–128