NOTES CHAPTER ONE 
The New Jerusalem: Kiev
1 The Russian Primary Chronicle Laurentian Text, trans. and ed. Samuel Cross and Olgerd Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Cambridge, Mass., 1953, p. 59.
2 Robert Byron, First Russia, then Tibet, London, 1985, p. 121.
3 Michael Hamm, Kiev: a Portrait 1800–1917, Princeton, 1993, p. 15.
4 Primary Chronicle, p. 93.
5 Ibid., p. 94.
6 Ibid., p. 97.
7 Ibid., p. 111.
8 Ibid., p. 111.
9 Ibid., p. 116.
10 Volodymyr Sichynskyi, Ukraine in Foreign Comments and Descriptions from the VIth to the XXth Century, New York, 1953, p. 37.
11 George Vernadsky and Michael Karpovich, A History of Russia: Vol. 2 Kievan Russia, Newhaven, 1948, p. 83.
12 The Song of Igor’s Campaign: an epic of the twelfth century, trans. Vladimir Nabokov, London, 1961, p. 45.
13 Hamm, Kiev, p. 5.
14 Ibid., p. 18.
15 Michael Hrushevsky, ‘The Traditional Scheme of “Russian” History and the Problem of the Rational Organization of the History of the East Slavs’, pub. 1903 and reprinted in English in Slavistica: Proceedings of the Institute of Slavistics of the Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences No. 55, Winnipeg, 1966, pp. 8–9.
16 Vernadsky, History of Russia, p. 309.
17 Richard Pipes, Russia Under the Old Regime, London, 1974, p. 75.
18 The Travels of Macarius: Extracts from the Diary of the Travels of Macarius, Patriarch of Antioch, written in Arabic by his son Paul, Archdeacon of Aleppo; in the years of their journeying 1652–1660, London, 1936, p. 20.
19 Ibid., pp. 20–21.
20 Ibid., p. 91.
21 Ibid., p. 94.
22 Byron, Russia, then Tibet, p. 40.
23 Ibid., p. 123.
24 John Steinbeck, A Russian Journal, London, 1994, pp. 53–4.
25 Mikhail Bulgakov, The White Guard, trans. Michael Glenny, London, 1971, p. 55.
26 Ibid., p. 62.
27 Ibid., p. 302.
CHAPTER TWO Poles and Cossacks: Kamyanets Podilsky
1 Adam Czartoryski, Memoirs of Prince Adam Cartoryski, London, 1888, vol. I, p. 38.
2 Sophia Kossak, The Blaze: Reminiscences of Volhynia 1917–1919, London, 1927, p. 13.
3 Norman Davies, Gods’ Playground: a History of Poland, Vol. I: The Origins to 1795, Oxford, 1981, p. 145.
4 Gillaume Le Vasseur, Sieur de Beauplan, A Description of Ukraine, Cambridge, Mass., 1993, p. 106.
5 Adam Zamoyski, The Polish Way, London, 1987, p. 164.
6 De Beauplan, Ukraine, p. 14.
7 Zamoyski, Polish Way, p. 161.
8 H. Luzhnytsky, Ukrainska tserkva mizh skhodom i zakhodom, Philadelphia, 1954, p. 307.
9 De Beauplan, Ukraine, p. 14.
10 Ibid., pp. 12–13.
11 Volodymyr Sichynskyi, Ukraine in Foreign Comments and Descriptions from the VIth to the XXth Century, New York, 1953, p. 90.
12 De Beauplan, Ukraine, p. 11.
13 The Travels of Macarius: Extracts from the Diary of the Travels of Macarius, Patriarch of Antioch, written in Arabic by his son Paul, Archdeacon of Aleppo; in the years of their journeying 1652–1660, London, 1936, p. 21.
14 Sichynskyi, Ukraine in Foreign Comments, p. 57.
15 Ibid., p. 90.
16 Travels of Macarius, p. 16.
17 Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 127.
18 Davies, God’s Playground, Vol. I, p. 532.
19 Zbigniew Brzezinski, ‘The Premature Partnership’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 73, No. 2, pp. 72, 80.
20 Interview with the author, November 1996.
CHAPTER THREE The Russian Sea: Donetsk and Odessa
1 Orest Subtelny, The Mazepists: Ukrainian Separatism in the Eighteenth Century, Boulder, 1981, p. 20.
2 Volodymyr Sichynskyi, Ukraine in Foreign Comments and Descriptions from the VIth to the XXth Century, New York, 1953, p. 113.
3 Subtelny, The Mazeppists, p. 37.
4 Orest Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 164.
5 Ibid., p. 172.
6 Poems by Adam Mickiewicz, ed. George Noyes, New York, 1944.
7 Nikolai Gogol, Village Evenings near Dikanka and Mirgorod, trans. Christopher English, Oxford, 1994, p. 257.
8 Anton Chekhov, The Chekhov Omnibus: Selected Stories, trans. Constance Garnett and Donald Rayfield, London, 1994, p. 32.
9 Vincent Cronin, Catherine, Empress of All the Russias, London, 1978, p. 249.
10 Kyrylo Rozumovsky, quoted in Cronin, Catherine, p. 247.
11 Patricia Herlihy, Odessa: a History 1794–1914, Cambridge, Mass., p. 34.
12 Ibid., p. 115.
13 Mark Twain, The Innocents Abroad or the New Pilgrim’s Progress, London, 1897, p. 355.
14 Herlihy, Odessa, p. 123.
15 Alexander Pushkin, Eugene Onegin, trans. James Falen, Oxford, 1995, p. 223.
16 Isaac Babel, Collected Stories, trans. David McDuff, London, 1994, p. 59.
17 Zenon Kohut, Russian Centralism and Ukrainian Autonomy: Imperial Absorption of the Hetmanate, Cambridge, Mass., 1988, p. 263.
18 Nikolai Gogol, Village Evenings, p. 221.
19 Subtelny, Ukraine, p. 210.
20 Stefan Zweig, Balzac, London, 1947, p. 360.
21 Kohut, Absorption of the Hetmanate, p. 291.
22 Sichynskyi, Ukraine in Foreign Comments, p. 197.
23 Kohut, Absorption of the Hetmanate, p. 274.
CHAPTER FOUR The Books of Genesis: Lviv
1 Joseph Roth, The Radetzky March, trans. Joachim Neugroschel, London, 1995, pp. 131, 152.
2 Norman Davies, God’s Playground: a History of Poland, Vol. II: 1795 to the Present, Oxford, 1981, p. 155.
3 Clifford Sifton, quoted in Orest Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 546.
4 Michael Hrushevsky, A History of Ukraine, ed. O. J. Frederiksen, New Haven, 1941, p. 480.
5 Alexander Pushkin, Eugene Onegin, trans. James Falen, Oxford, 1995, p. 70.
6 Pavlo Zaitsev, Taras Shevchenko: a Life, trans. George Luckyj, Toronto, 1988, p. 43.
7 Ibid., p. 55.
8 Ibid., p. 47.
9 Taras Shevchenko, Song Out of Darkness: Selected Poems, trans. Vera Rich, London, 1961, p. 38.
10 Zaitsev, Shevchenko, p. 59.
11 Ibid., p. 68.
12 Ibid., p. 63.
13 Ibid., p. 89.
14 Ibid., p. 144.
15 Shevchenko, Song Out of Darkness, p. 113.
16 Ibid., p. vii.
17 Paul Robert Magocsi, A History of Ukraine, Toronto, 1996, p. 369.
18 Subtelny, Ukraine, p. 315.
19 Ivan Franko, Poems and Stories, trans. John Weir, Toronto, 1956, p. 151.
20 Thomas Prymak, Mykhailo Hrushevsky: The Politics of National Culture, Toronto, 1987, p. 29.
21 Ibid., p. 31.
CHAPTER FIVE A Meaningless Fragment: Chernivtski
1 A. J. P. Taylor, The Habsburg Monarchy: 1809–1918, London, 1964, p. 284.
2 Gregor von Rezzori, The Snows of Yesteryear, trans. H. F. Broch de Rotherman, London, 1990, p. 98.
3 Ibid., p. 276.
4 Gregor von Rezzori, The Hussar, trans. Catherine Hutter, London, 1960, p. 8.
5 Von Rezzori, Snows of Yesteryear, p. 281.
6 Isaac Babel, Collected Stories, trans. David McDuff, London, 1994, p. 91.
7 Ibid., p. 222.
8 Ibid., p. 129.
9 Richard Pipes, Russia under the Bolshevik Regime 1919–1924, London, 1994, p. 109.
10 Orest Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 346.
11 Arnold Margolin, From a Political Diary: Russia, the Ukraine and America 1905–1945, New York, 1946, p. 30.
12 Thomas Prymak, Mykhailo Hrushevsky: The Politics of National Culture, Toronto, 1987, p. 158.
13 Ibid., p. 172.
14 Mikhail Bulgakov, The White Guard, trans. Michael Glenny, London, 1971, p. 57.
15 Ibid., p. 58.
16 Mikhail Bulgakov, Manuscripts Don’t Burn, ed. J. A. E. Curtis, London, 1991, p. 1.
17 Sholem Schwartzbard, ‘Memoirs of an Assassin’, in Lucy Dawidowicz’s The Golden Tradition: Jewish Life and Thought in Eastern Europe, London, 1967, p. 455.
18 Alan Sharp, The Versailles Settlement: Peacemaking in Paris, 1919, London, 1991, pp. 26–7.
19 Margolin, Political Diary, p. 59.
20 Ibid., pp. 39–41.
21 Julia Namier, Lewis Namier, a Biography, Oxford, 1971, p. 144.
22 Ibid., pp. 144–5.
23 Mykola Neskuk, Volodymyr Repryntsev and Yevhen Kaminsky, ‘Ukraine in Foreign Documents and Strategies in the Twentieth Century’, Politichna Dumka 2–3. 95, p. 176.
24 Joseph Roth, The Radetzky March, trans. Joachim Neugroschel, London, 1995, p. 129.
25 Bruno Schulz, The Street of Crocodiles & Sanatorium Under the Sign of the Hourglass, trans. Celina Wieniewska, London, 1988, p. 249.
26 Ibid., p. 180.
27 Von Rezzori, Hussar, p. 326.
CHAPTER SIX The Great Hunger: Matussiv and Lukovytsya
1 Edward Daniel Clarke, quoted in Volodymyr Sichynskyi, Ukraine in Foreign Comments from the VIth to the XXth Century, New York, 1953, p. 187.
2 Robert Conquest, The Harvest of Sorrow, London, 1986, p. 104.
3 Vasiliy Grossman, Forever Flowing, trans. Thomas P. Whitney, London, 1973, pp. 148–9.
4 Petro Grigorenko, Memoirs, trans. Thomas Whitney, London, 1983, p. 14.
5 Viktor Kravchenko, I Chose Freedom, New York, 1946, p. 63.
6 OGPU memoranda, quoted in Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 72.
7 Orest Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 419.
8 Ibid., p. 419.
9 Robert Conquest, The Great Terror, London, 1990, p. 253.
10 Ibid., p. 259.
11 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 117.
12 Grossman, Forever Flowing, p. 143.
13 Kravchenko, I Chose Freedom, p. 63.
14 Ibid., pp. 88–90.
15 Ibid., pp. 91–2.
16 Ibid., pp. 104–5.
17 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 138.
18 Ibid., p. 139.
19 Kravchenko, I Chose Justice, London, 1951, p. 80.
20 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 229.
21 Ibid., p. 226.
22 Kravchenko, I Chose Freedom, p. 113.
23 Ibid., p. 118.
24 Grossman, Forever Flowing, p. 164.
25 Kravchenko, I Chose Justice, p. 75.
26 Grossman, Forever Flowing, p. 162.
27 Ibid., pp. 162–3.
28 William Henry Chamberlin, Russia’s Iron Age, London, 1935, p. 368.
29 Ibid., pp. 369, 88.
30 Arthur Koestler, The Yogi and the Commissar and other essays, London, 1965, p. 128.
31 Eugene Lyons, Assignment in Utopia, London, 1937, p. 574.
32 Koestler, Yogi and Commissar, p. 129.
33 Eugene Lyons, Assignment in Utopia, pp. 575–6.
34 Paul Hollander, Political Pilgrims: travels of Western intellectuals to the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba, Lanham, New York, London, 1990, p. 102.
35 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, pp. 314–5.
36 Robert Byron, First Russia, then Tibet, London, 1985, p. 116.
37 Lyons, Assignment in Utopia, pp. 428–30.
38 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 316.
39 Lion Feuchtwanger, Moscow 1937, trans. Irene Josephy, pp. 28–9.
40 Ibid., pp. 83, 164, 174.
41 André Gide, Retouches à Mon Retour de l’URSS, Paris, 1937, p. 57.
42 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 319.
43 Lyons, Assignment in Utopia, p. 572.
44 Ibid., p. 573.
45 Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow, p. 320.
CHAPTER SEVEN The Vanished Nation: Ivano-Frankivsk
1 Patricia Herlihy, Odessa: a History 1794–1914, Cambridge, Mass., 1986, p. 300.
2 Michael Hamm, Kiev: a Portrait 1800–1917, Princeton, 1993, p. 118.
3 Ibid., p. 124.
4 Herlihy, Odessa, p. 255.
5 Hamm, Kiev, p. 126.
6 Herlihy, Odessa, p. 306.
7 David Marples, Stalinism in Ukraine in the 1940s, New York, 1992, p. 74.
8 Philip Friedman, Roads to Extinction: Essays on the Holocaust, New York and Philadelphia, 1980, p. 179.
9 Orest Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 479.
10 Samuel Drix, Witness: a Holocaust Memoir, London, 1995, p. xii.
11 Martin Gilbert, The Holocaust, London, 1986, p. 476.
12 Lucy Dawidowicz, The War against the Jews 1933–45, London, 1975, Appendix B, p. 479.
13 Marples, Stalinism in Ukraine, p. 58.
14 Friedman, Roads to Extinction, p. 201.
15 Ibid., pp. 186, 202.
16 Alexander Dallin, German Rule in Russia 1941–1945: a Study of Occupation Policies, London and Basingstoke, 1981, p. 427.
17 Leon Weliczker Wells, The Janowska Road, London, 1966, p. 92.
18 Subtelny, Ukraine, p. 472.
19 Pavlo Oliynyk, Zashiti, Kiev, 1995, p. 63.
20 Weliczker Wells, Janowska Road, p. 26.
21 Ibid., p. 28.
22 Oliynyk, Zashiti, p. 67.
23 Nikita Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, trans. Strobe Talbot, ed. Edward Crankshaw, London, 1971, p. 129.
24 Weliczker Wells, Janowska Road, p. 29.
25 Ibid., p. 279.
26 Marples, Stalinism in Ukraine, pp. 39–40; and Subtelny, Ukraine, p. 454.
27 Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, p. 125.
28 Alan Clark, Barbarossa: the Russian-German Conflict 1941–45, London, 1995, p. 44.
29 Oliynyk, Zashiti, p. 76.
30 Daniel Goldhagen, Hitler’s Willing Executioners, London, 1996, p. 149.
31 Weliczker Wells, Janowska Road, pp. 37–8.
32 Ibid., pp. 40–41.
33 Ibid., p. 41.
34 Gilbert, Holocaust, p. 173.
35 Ibid., p. 171.
36 Ibid., pp. 197–8.
37 Ibid., p. 212.
38 Friedman, Roads to Extinction, p. 190.
39 Alexander Werth, Russia at War, London, 1964, p. 787.
40 Ibid., p. 613.
41 Oliynyk, Zashiti, p. 75.
42 Ibid., p. 76.
43 Weliczker Wells, Janowska Road, p. 117.
44 Ibid., p. 239.
45 Oliynyk, Zashiti, p. 75.
46 Subtelny, Ukraine, p. 467.
47 Dallin, German Rule, p. 127.
48 Ibid., p. 123.
49 Ibid., p. 459.
50 Friedman, Roads to Extinction, pp. 199–200.
51 John Armstrong, Ukrainian Nationalism, Colorado, 1990, pp. 56–7.
52 Oliynyk, Zashiti, p. 87.
53 Clark, Barbarossa, p. 143.
54 Dallin, German Rule, p. 418.
55 Ibid., p. 415.
56 Ibid., p. 415.
57 Ibid., p. 427.
58 Ibid., p. 422.
59 Ibid., pp. 452, 453.
60 Armstrong, Ukrainian Nationalism, p. 89.
61 Oliynyk, Zashiti, p. 86.
CHAPTER EIGHT The Wart on Russia’s Nose: Crimea
1 Edward Daniel Clarke, Travels in Various Countries of Europe, Asia and Africa: Part the First – Russia, Tatary and Turkey, London, 1811, pp. 537–8.
2 Alan Fisher, The Crimean Tatars, Stanford, 1978, pp. 10–11.
3 Gillaume Le Vasseur, Sieur de Beauplan, A Description of Ukraine, Cambridge, Mass., 1993, p. 44.
4 Baron de Tott, Memoirs of the Baron de Tott on the Turks and the Tatars, vol. I, London, 1785, p. 478.
5 Ibid., p. 475.
6 Ibid., p. 482.
7 Ibid., p. 371.
8 Ibid., p. 372.
9 Ibid., pp. 449–50.
10 Fisher, Crimean Tatars, p. 69.
11 Ibid., p. 17.
12 Thomas Milner, The Crimea, its Ancient and Modern History: the Khans, the Sultans, and the Tsars, with notices of its scenery and population, London, 1855, p. 182.
13 Clarke, Russia, Tatary and Turkey, pp. 454–5.
14 Ibid., p. 465.
15 Ibid., pp. 502–3.
16 Ibid., p. 480.
17 Figures from Andrew Wilson, The Crimean Tatars: a Situation Report on the Crimean Tatars for International Alert, pp. 6, 36.
18 Fisher, Crimean Tatars, p. 114.
19 Ibid., p. 132.
20 Ibid., p. 137.
21 Robert Conquest, The Nation Killers, London, 1970, p. 99.
22 Ibid., pp. 64–5.
23 Vera Tolz, ‘New Information About the Deportation of Ethnic Groups in the USSR during World War II’, in World War 2 and the Soviet People, ed. John and Carol Garrard, London, 1993, pp. 167–8.
24 Ibid., pp. 165–6.
25 Khrushchev, Khrushchev Remembers, trans. Strobe Talbot, ed. Edward Crankshaw, London, 1971, p. 540.
CHAPTER NINE The Empire Explodes: Chernobyl
1 David Remnick, Lenin’s Tomb, New York, Toronto and London, 1993, p. 245.
2 See David Marples, The Social Impact of the Chernobyl Disaster, London, 1988, pp. 12–19, for an excellent account of the technicalities.
3 Yuri Shcherbak, Chernobyl: a Documentary Story, trans. Ian Press, London, 1989.
4 Ibid., p. 33.
5 Ibid., p. 42.
6 Ibid., pp. 41–2.
7 Ibid., p. 44.
8 Ibid., p. 46.
9 Ibid., p. 21.
10 Ibid., p. 56.
11 Marples, Impact of the Chernobyl Disaster, p. 191.
12 Orest Subtelny, Ukraine: a History, Toronto, 1988, p. 489.
13 Taras Kuzio and Andrew Wilson, Ukraine: Perestroika to Independence, London, 1994, p. 43.
14 Vyacheslav Chornovil, The Chornovil Papers, New York, 1968, p. 21.
15 Petro Grigorenko, Memoirs, trans. Thomas Whitney, London, 1983, p. 437.
16 Anatoly Marchenko, My Testimony, trans. Michael Scammell, London, 1969, p. 120.
17 Subtelny, Ukraine, p. 53.
18 Kuzio and Wilson, Ukraine, p. 105.
19 Ibid., p. 111.
20 Ibid., p. 112.
21 Solomea Pavlychko, Letters from Kiev, trans. Myrna Kostash, New York, 1992, p. 14.
22 Ibid., pp. 6–7.
23 Ibid., p. 40.
24 Ibid., pp. 77–9.
25 Ibid., p. 84.
26 Ibid., p. 138.
27 Kuzio and Wilson, Ukraine, p. 158.
28 Ibid., p. 161.
29 Economist, 7 May 1994.
CHAPTER TEN Europe or Little Russia? Ukraine
1 Daniel Kaufmann, ‘Diminishing Returns to Administrative Controls and the Emergence of the Unofficial Economy: a Framework of Analysis and Application to Ukraine’, World Bank, Kiev, 1994.
2 Daniel Kaufmann, ‘The Missing Pillar of a Growth Strategy for Ukraine: Institutional and Policy Reforms for Private Sector Development’, Harvard Institute of International Development and the World Bank, October 1996, p. 6.
3 Interview with the author, November 1996.
4 Interview with the author, November 1996.
5 Nikolai Gogol, Taras Bulba, in Village Evenings near Dikanka and Mirgorod, trans. Christopher English, Oxford, 1994, pp. 251–2.
CHAPTER ELEVEN The Rise and Fall of the Orange Revolution
1 Oliver Bullough, ‘Looting Ukraine: how East and West Teamed up to Steal a Country’, Legatum Institute, July 2014. Global Witness, It’s a Gas: Funny Business in the Turkmen-Ukraine Gas Trade, Washington DC, April 2006.
2 Taras Kuzio, ‘Crime, politics and business in 1990s Ukraine’, Communist and Post-Communist Studies 47 (2014), pp. 196–210. Andrew Wilson, Ukraine’s Orange Revolution, London, 2005, pp. 9–12.
3 Andrew Wilson, Ukraine’s Orange Revolution, London, 2005, p. 44.
4 For detailed accounts of the still-murky Gongadze affair, see Wilson, Ukraine’s Orange Revolution, pp. 51–6, and Askold Krushelnycky, An Orange Revolution: a Personal Journey through Ukrainian History, London 2006, pp. 129–67.
5 Kuchma, interviewed in the BBC’s Putin, Russia and the West: Democracy Threatens, first broadcast January 2012.
6 Yushchenko campaign manager Oleh Rybachuk, interviewed in the BBC’s Putin, Russia and the West: Democracy Threatens.
7 Sergei Markov, ibid.
8 Interview with the author, October 2014.
9 Yushchenko, interviewed in Putin, Russia and the West: Democracy Threatens.
10 Kuchma, ibid.
11 Gleb Pavlovsky, ibid.
12 Interview with the author, September 2014.
13 Wikileaks, 06KYIV553, 9 February 2006, ‘Ukraine: You Take the Low Road and I’ll Take the High Road: Yushchenko Goes to the Rada’.
14 Wikileaks, 06KIEV1992, 25 May 2005, ‘Ukraine: Farewell call on PM – Hopeful Tymoshenko on Eve of Rada Opening’.
15 Wikileaks, 06KYIV4187, 3 November 2006, ‘Ukraine: PM Yanukovich on Cooperation or Confrontation, Request for a “New Start”’.
16 Wikileaks 08KYIV874, 8 May 2008, ‘Ukraine: Yushchenko/Tymoshenko Rivalry Hits Privatisation, State Property Fund’.
17 For an excellent essay on use of the famine as a political football in the period, see Wikileaks, 06KYIV4414, 30 November 2006, ‘Ukraine: the Holodomor and the Politics of Remembrance: the Legacy of Stalin’s 1932–33 Famine’.
18 Wikileaks, 06KYIV4298, 17 November 2006, ‘Ukraine: Defmin Hrytsenko on Yushchenko, Yanukovych, and the First 100 Days’.
19 Wikileaks, 06KIEV456, 2 February 2006, ‘Ukraine: Oligarch Pinchuk on Nikopol Feroalloy and Post-Election Politics’.
20 For detail on Firtash’s business background, see Reuters, ‘Special Report: Putin’s allies channelled billions to Ukraine oligarch’, 26 November 2014. Also Wikileaks, 08KYIV2294, 21 November 2008, ‘Ukraine: Firtash uses Crisis to expand into Banking’.
21 Andrey Kurkov, Ukraine Diaries, trans. Sam Taylor, London, 2014, p. 249.
22 Andrew Wilson, Ukraine Crisis: What it Means for the West, London, 2014, pp. 112–13.
23 Anders Aslund, ‘Payback time for the “Yanukovych Family”’, Peterson Institute for International Economics, RealTime Economic Issues Watch, 11 December 2013. Wilson, Ukraine Crisis, pp. 52–7.
24 The YanukovychLeaks project is restoring, publishing and researching the Mezhihoriya documents. For details see its website, www.yanukovychLeaks.org
CHAPTER TWELVE The Maidan
1 Andrey Kurkov, Ukraine Diaries, trans. Sam Taylor, London, 2014, p. 5.
2 Katerina Zhemchuzhnykova, interview with the author, Donetsk, April 2014.
3 Interview with the author, November 2014.
4 Kurkov, Ukraine Diaries, p. 48.
5 Maidan: Voices from the Uprising, ed. Natalya Vorozhibit and Andrei Mai, trans. Sasha Dugdale, Royal Court Theatre, 2014.
6 Wilson, Ukraine Crisis: What it Means for the West, London, 2014, pp. 73–5.
7 Human Rights Watch, ‘Ukraine: Police Beatings, Kidnappings in Kiev’, 24 January 2014.
8 Interview with the author, November 2014.
9 Kurkov, Ukraine Diaries, pp. 121–2.
10 Wilson, Ukraine Crisis, p. 87; Kurkov, Ukraine Diaries, p. 119, Wednesday 19 February.
11 Voices of Ukraine, 27 February 2014, www.maidantranslations.com
12 Wilson, Ukraine Crisis, p. 89.
13 See Serhiy Loznitsa’s documentary Maidan, 2014.
14 Lviv acitivist Andriy Porodko, interviewed in Reuters, ‘Special Report: Why Ukraine’s revolution remains unfinished’, 23 October 2014.
15 Wilson, Ukraine Crisis, p. 90.
16 Interview with the author, November 2014.
17 Wilson, Ukraine Crisis, p. 91.
18 Reuters, ‘Special Report: Why Ukraine’s revolution remains unfinished’, 23 October 2014.
19 Michael McFaul, ‘Russia, Ukraine and the West: is Confrontation Inevitable?’, seminar at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 25 June 2014 (transcript available on the RIIA website).
CHAPTER THIRTEEN Putin Strikes Back
1 Michael McFaul, speaking at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 25 June 2014 (transcript available on the RIIA website).
2 Time, ‘The Standoff at Belbek: Inside the First Clash of the Second Crimean War’, 4 March 2014.
3 Amnesty International, Abductions and Torture in Eastern Ukraine, London, July 2014, pp. 8–9. Kyiv Post, ‘Putin’s Drive to Destroy Ukraine: Crimean Crimes’, 3 April 2014. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine: 1 December 2014 to 15 February 2015, p. 24. Available on www.ohchr.org
4 For more on Kolomoisky, see Forbes, ‘An injection of rule of law for Ukrainian business? Oligarch’s lawsuit could help improve the culture of business dealings in the post-Soviet space’, 15 July 2013.
5 Andrey Kurkov, Ukraine Diaries, trans. Sam Taylor, London, 2014, p. 161.
6 Kiev International Institute of Sociology, ‘The Views and Opinions of South-Eastern Regions [sic] Residents of Ukraine: April 2014’. Available on www.kiis.com.ua
7 International Crisis Group, Eastern Ukraine: a Dangerous Winter, Europe Report No. 235, 18 December 2014, p. 12.
8 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, ‘Despite Denials, all Evidence for Deadly Explosion Points to Kiev’, 4 June 2014.
9 Amnesty International, Abductions and Torture in Eastern Ukraine. UNHCR, Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine, pp. 9–10.
10 Guardian, ‘The soldiers who were never there: families of troops killed in Ukraine face official silence’, 20 January 2015. Moscow Times, ‘Silent Deaths: the Price of a Russian Soldier’s Life’, 27 October 2014. Rights in Russia, ‘Harassment of Lev Shlosberg continues in Pskov’, 8 October 2014, www.rightsinrussia.org. BBC, ‘Ukraine Conflict: Russian families look for soldier sons’, 28 August 2014.
CHAPTER FOURTEEN What Next?
1 Human Rights Watch, Rights in Retreat: Abuses in Crimea, 17 November 2014.
2 Interview with the author, November 2014. For more on ongoing repression of the Crimean Tatars, see Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine: 1 December 2014 to 15 February 2015, pp. 23–5. Available on www.ohchr.org
3 Andrew Wilson, Ukraine Crisis: What it Means for the West, London, 2014, p. 143.
4 Timothy Snyder, speaking at the Chicago Humanities Festival, 9 November 2014.
5 Kyiv Post, ‘Parliament dismisses bill targeting oligarchs’, 16 January 2015.
6 Chrystia Freeland, speaking at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 25 June 2014 (transcript available on the RIIA website).