15-M (see Indignados (Spain))
2005 student strike, 21-24, 33, 54, 69-71, 75
abstentionism, 37, 46, 52, 62
academic freedom, 25-26, 30, 34-35
access to education (see educational accessibility)
Adbusters, 44-45, 92
Aganaktismenoi, 42-43, 81
Age of Loneliness, 156
Alliance du personnel professionnel et technique de la santé et des services sociaux (APTS), 74
Alliance social, 74
alter-globalization movement, 21-22, 48, 68, 96, 158
Amnesty International, 105, 122
anarchism, 79, 91, 96, 104, 110, 121
anglophones, 13-14, 16, 30, 73, 79, 86, 94, 164
Anarchopanda, 3, 90, 164
Anonymous, 44, 126
anti-austerity movement, 12, 39-49, 72, 74-75, 81, 131-132, 135, 161 (see also austerity)
anti-capitalist movement, 82, 110, 135
anti-globalization movement (see alter-globalization movement)
Arab Spring, 8, 38, 77, 85, 90, 163
Arsenault, Michel, 122
artists, 9, 44, 82, 86, 88-92, 136, 145
artivism, 90-92
Assemblées populaires autonomes de quartier (APAQ), 130-131
assemblies, 10, 19, 21, 23, 41-42, 45, 48, 69-72, 74-75, 93-94, 102, 115, 130, 152, 164
Association générale des étudiants de l’Université de Montréal (AGEUDEM), 15
Association pour une solidarité syndicale étudiante (ASSÉ), 8-9, 12, 18, 20-24, 46-49, 63, 92-99, 102, 104, 106-107, 114, 123, 126-127, 133, 136, 147, 151, 153, 158, 160-161
Coalition large de L’ASSÉ (CLASSE) disbanded, 153
CLASSE manifesto, 48-49
communications strategies, 72-78, 80-88, 90, 142, 146
counter-offer to the government , 111-112
formation of CLASSE, 71
foundation of ASSÉ, 20-21, 23-4, 48
membership of ASSÉ, 24, 153
membership of CLASSE, 152
mobilization campaign, 67-78, 88
social media strategies, 85-88
striking students affiliated with CLASSE, 75, 99, 153
structures of ASSÉ, 20-21, 23-4
structures of CLASSE, 68, 71, 74, 75
position on violence, 68-71, 106
Association nationale des étudiants (et étudiantes) du Québec (ANE(E)Q), 16-21
austerity, 5-9, 40, 43, 55-58, 74-75, 81, 135, 161 (see also anti-austerity movement)
Bachand, Raymond, 47, 66, 118
Bachelet, Michelle, 163
Badiou, Alain, 37, 146
Banane rebelle, 90
banks, 21-23, 32, 40, 44, 47, 68, 72, 107, 111, 143
baby boomers, 36, 141-142, 162-163
Barreau du Québec, 118, 122
Battle in Seattle, 48
Beauchamp, Line, 25, 33, 90, 102, 105, 107, 114, 115, 118, 152
Bellemare, Marc, 59,
Ben Ali, Zine al-Abidine, 38
Bill 78 (see Law 12)
Bloc Québécois, 15
Bouazizi, Mohamed, 38
Bouchard, Lucien, 50-51
boycott (in lieu of student strike), 33, 92, 100-101
Bourassa, Robert, 18, 19, 23, 31, 32, 52, 62, 121, 152
Brazilian protests, 163
Breton, Guy, 35
British student protests, 7, 70, 81
Bureau-Blouin, Léo, 9, 69, 70, 87, 92, 98, 101, 102, 118, 123, 136
as candidate for the Parti Québécois, 136
criticism of, 152
Bureau de coopération interuniversitaire (BCI), 160
cacerolazos, 127, 132
campus occupations, 16, 22, 68, 93, 94
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), 79, 164
Canadian Civil Liberties Association (CCLA), 122
capital tax, 47, 72, 111, 143
capitalism, 5, 7-9, 13, 27, 29, 36-37, 42-43, 46, 55, 72, 79, 82, 84, 91-92, 99, 108, 110-111, 118, 121-122, 135, 142, 145, 150, 155-156, 160, 164
carnival, 97, 99
carrés verts (see Mouvement des étudiants socialement responsables du Québec (MESRQ))
casseroles (protests), 10, 48, 127–132, 136, 150, 156, 163
international, 131-132
Centrale des syndicats démocratiques (CSD), 74
Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ), 74, 80, 122
Charbonneau Commission, 62
Charest, Jean, 5-10, 21-23, 47-48, 77, 89, 92-93, 95, 97-98, 100-107, 112, 114, 115, 117-137, 143, 146, 151-152, 161
and austerity agenda, 50-51, 55-58
and corruption, 58-63, 72,
and increases to tuition fees, 23, 29-34, 47-48, 67
and politicization of appointments process for judges, 58, 100
and reform of financial aid, 21-23
as student leader, 33
defeat of, 159
environmental policies of, 54, 57, 72, 146
governance style of, 50-55
re-elected, 23, 54
Charte de Grenoble, 15, 21
Charte de l’étudiant universitaire, 15
Chené, François-Olivier, 127
Chilean student protests, 7, 70-71, 81, 131-132, 163
Chomsky, Noam, 145, 148
civil disobedience, 52, 126-130
class war, 5-6, 10, 36-38, 49, 55-58, 75, 81, 121-122, 135, 142-143, 163
climate change, 140, 147-149, 164
closure, 54-55
Coalition large de l’Association pour une solidarité syndicale étudiante (CLASSE) (see Association pour une solidarité syndicale étudiante (ASSÉ))
Coalition de l’Association pour une solidarité syndicale étudiante élargie (CASSÉÉ), 22-23, 75
Coalition opposée à la tarification et la privatisation des services publics, 74
collectivism, 5-10, 14, 16, 20, 25, 33, 35, 47, 50-51, 82, 85, 92, 100, 108, 127, 131, 147, 150-151, 155-158
Collèges d’enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEPs), 15-17, 19-20, 71, 81, 93-94, 102, 156
creation of, 15
commercialization, 5-10, 66, 73, 132-133, 156, 160, 23, 82-85
of education, 22, 25-26, 31-35, 73, 81, 83-84, 132,
of public space, 91, 108-111, 156
communism, 13, 17, 79, 121, 135
communitarianism, 5, 50, 132
resurgence of, 155-158, 163
concertationnisme, 12-13, 17-22, 67-68
Concordia University, 30-31, 35, 86, 94
Concordia University Television (CUTV), 86-87, 124, 126
Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), 74, 80, 122
Conférence des recteurs et des principaux des universités du Québec (CREPUQ), 18, 23, 30-31, 67, 95, 159
consumerism, 9, 33, 35, 44, 56, 67, 91-92, 97, 100, 111, 135, 145, 147, 156
Convergence des luttes anticapitalistes (CLAC), 135
corporate media, 50, 73, 75, 79, 81, 92, 107, 164
corporate welfare, 27
corporations, 5-8, 12-13, 24-27, 30, 35, 38, 44-45, 47-48, 50, 56-58, 66, 68, 72-73, 75, 77-84, 92, 104, 107, 110, 160, 163-164
corporatism, 19, 21, 50-51, 80, 141
corruption, 46, 62-63
in Québec, 50, 58-63, 72
in Spain, 41-42
in the Arab world, 38
Couillard, Philippe, 161
Courchesne, Michelle, 58, 66, 118, 120, 132-133
criminalization of dissent, 96, 111, 134
crisis of representation, 45, 48, 153 (see also representative democracy)
culture of autonomy, 153-155
Debord, Guy, 44, 77
debt, 75, 83, 94, 101, 119-120, 140-9
ecological debt, 146-149
tyranny of, 94, 144-145
déficit zéro, 50-51
deregulation, 36, 40, 47, 150
Derrida, Jacques, 34-35
Desjardins, Martine, 9, 67-70, 73, 87, 92, 102, 107, 123, 133, 152
criticism of, 152-153
as candidate for the Parti Québécois, 161
detentions, 101, 111, 113 114, 124-125, 134-135
diplomas (see university diplomas)
direct democracy, 9, 21, 43, 48, 68, 71, 153, 158
diversity and escalation of tactics, 22, 68, 73
Duceppe, Gilles, 15
Duchesneau Report, 59-62, 72, 102
Ducros, Philippe, 84-85, 147
Duplessis, Maurice, 13, 162
Dutil, Robert, 117
École de la montagne rouge, 77, 90-91, 97, 105
economic disturbances, 22, 68, 74, 99, 106
educational accessibility, 16, 20, 23, 31-32, 72-73, 80-82, 129
effect of tuition on, 31-32
Egyptian revolution, 38-39, 41, 44-45 (see also Arab Spring)
electoral democracy, 7, 37, 51-53, 136 (see also representative democracy)
electoral system, 16, 52-55
Enlightenment, 26, 35
entente de principe, 114-117, 141, 156
entente minimale, 69-70
escalation of tactics (see diversity and escalation of tactics)
Facal, Joseph, 55
Facebook, 38, 40, 82, 93, 97, 107, 127, 132 (see also social media)
fair share, 90
of students, 47, 84, 141
of corporations and the rich, 6, 56
Fédération autonome de l’enseignement (FAE), 123
Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ), 74, 80, 122
Fédération étudiante collégiale du Québec (FECQ), 17-24, 67-75, 80-81, 86-87, 92-93, 101-102, 107, 123, 133, 136
and collaboration with Parti Québécois, 67-68, 136
and counter-offer to the government, 102
and internal criticism, 152-153
communications strategies of, 47-48, 69, 72-73, 86-87
foundation of, 17-19
membership numbers of, 92, 152-153
mobilization campaign of, 67-68, 70, 74-75, 92-93, 97-99
striking students represented by, 75, 97, 99
structures of, 17-21, 23, 71, 152
Fédération étudiante universitaire du Québec (FEUQ), 17-24, 67-75, 80-81, 86-87, 92-93, 102, 107, 123, 133, 136
and collaboration with Parti Québécois, 67-68, 136, 161
and counter-offer to the government, 102
and internal criticism, 152-153
communications strategies of, 47-48, 69, 72-73, 86-87
foundation of, 17-19
mobilization campaign of, 67-68, 70, 74-75, 92-93, 97-99
membership numbers of, 92, 152-153
striking students represented by, 75, 97, 99
structures of, 17-21, 23, 71, 152-153
financial aid, 14, 32, 94
reform of, 21-23
First Nations, 163
first-past-the-post (FPTP) (see electoral system)
Formula One Grand Prix, 132-136
free-lunch culture, 55-56
free university education, 6, 14, 16, 21, 71-72, 81-84, 111, 131, 143, 163 (see also tuition fees)
Front commun intersyndical, 17, 52, 121
G20 Summit in Toronto, 117, 125, 134,
general assemblies (see assemblies)
generational divide (see intergenerational conflict)
global warming (see climate change)
Grand Prix (see Formula One Grand Prix)
Guet des activités des mouvements marginaux et anarchistes (GAMMA), 96
Hamad, Sam, 60
Hessel, Stéphane, 36, 39-40, 47, 146 (see also Indignados)
horizontalism, 8, 21, 23-24, 41-44, 48-49, 68, 71, 78, 130, 151, 154-155, 163-164
human capital, 5, 32-35, 146
humanism, 6, 8, 15, 21, 34-35, 79, 81, 82, 106, 147, 157
Idle No More, 163-164
Indignados (Portugal), 40-41
Indignados (Spain), 40-46, 49, 71, 85, 146,
Indignés, 47
Indignez-vous!, 36, 39-40, 47, 146
individualism, 19, 33-34, 50-51, 66, 92-93, 131, 156-157
inequality (see wealth inequality)
injunctions, 100-101, 107, 126
Institut de recherche et d’informations socio-économiques (IRIS), 32, 79, 86, 114, 140, 142
intergenerational conflict, 7-8, 140-142, 146, 151, 162-163
intergenerational equity, 140-142, 146
International Energy Agency (IEA), 148
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 40, 43
Internet age, 24
Internet, 7, 24, 38-39, 47, 73, 78, 90, 107, 153-155
creation of, 153
Internet generation, 7, 154-155, 164 (see also social media generation)
judicial repression, 33, 100-101 (see also injunctions)
Khadir, Amir, 86-87, 111
Klein, Naomi, 148, 164
knowledge economy, 26, 33, 73
labour union movement, 15-19, 51-53, 67, 74, 80-81, 83, 102, 110, 112, 114-115, 120-123, 127, 146, 161
Lagacé, Patrick, 98
La Presse, 61, 79, 86-87, 98, 107, 123,
Landry, Bernard, 15, 83
Law 12 (formerly Bill 78), Act to enable students to receive instruction from the post-secondary institutions they attend, 33, 118-122
international responses to, 131-132
responses to, 122-132
abrogation of, 159
Law 32, Act respecting the accreditation and financing of students’ associations, 17-18
laws of exception, 121
Le Devoir, 79, 81, 83-7, 109-110, 127, 129-130, 134-137, 162-163
Léger, Jean-Marc, 147, 149, 162-163
Lesage, Jean, 13-15
Lévesque, René, 16-18, 26, 52, 59, 62, 83, 121, 162
Liberal Party of Québec, 5-8, 13-16, 18, 23, 25-26, 31-32, 34, 47-63, 66-69, 72, 89-90, 94-95, 98, 100-102, 105-106, 107, 111-115, 117-123, 135-136, 140, 143-144, 147, 151-152, 159, 161-162
youth wing, 93
loi 12 (see Law 12)
loi 78 (see Law 12)
loi spéciale (see Law 12)
Lucides, 55
maNUfestations, 77, 131
market society, 5-6, 27, 30, 33-37, 46, 49, 67, 70, 73, 78, 111, 144, 149, 156, 161
Marois, Pauline, 136
as education minister, 20
as premier, 29, 57, 62, 109, 159-161
Marxism, 17, 118, 155
mass arrests, 84, 96, 110-111, 113, 124-125, 127
May entente (see entente de principe)
McGill University, 30-31, 94
mediation, 118
memes, 44, 90, 97
Mexican student protests (see Yo Soy 132)
middle class, 72, 96
Ministère de l’éducation, 14
Ministère de l’éducation, du loisir et du sport (MELS), 29, 54, 70, 92, 99, 114,
Ministère des transports (MTQ), 59-61
Monbiot, George, 154
Montmarquette, Claude, 55
Montmarquette task force, 55
Mouvement des étudiants socialement responsables du Québec (MESRQ), 87, 93, 99-101
Mouvement pour le droit à l’éducation (MDE), 20, 24
Mubarak, Hosni, 38-39
Mulcair, Thomas, 54, 59
Munroe-Blum, Heather, 30
Nadeau-Dubois, Gabriel, 9, 35, 68, 70-71, 86, 94, 106-107, 114, 123, 131, 133, 136-137, 147
resignation of, 136-137
neo-corporatism, 50-52
neoliberalism, 5-9, 17-20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33, 35-38, 43, 50-52, 55-57, 80, 82-84, 91, 96, 108-111, 115, 119-121, 141, 144, 150, 158, 160-162
Net Geners (see Internet generation)
network generation, 7-9, 40-48, 132, 150-156, 160, 163
networked movements, 21, 40-48, 71, 74, 77-78, 101, 150-151, 156, 163
network society, 151-156
New Left movements, 153
Occupy Wall Street (OWS), 7, 44-49, 62, 68, 71-72, 77, 81-82, 85-88, 92, 108, 130, 132, 151, 157, 163
organized labour (see labour union movement)
Parent Commission (see Parent Report)
Parent, Réjéan, 80, 122
Parent Report, 12-16, 30, 34, 83, 142, 147
Parents contre la hausse, 82
Parizeau, Jacques, 62, 83, 162,
Parti libéral du Québec (PLQ) (see Liberal Party of Québec)
Parti Québécois (PQ), 15-17, 20, 25-26, 31, 49, 52-53, 55-58, 67-68, 73, 83, 87, 97, 117-121, 136, 152, 159-160-162
paternalism, 9, 37, 50, 63, 79,
Péladeau, Pierre-Karl, 80
Pellerin, Fred, 136
phantom university network, 28-29
picket lines, 33-34, 93-94, 101
Plan Nord, 47, 57, 72, 83-84, 104-105, 146-147
police brutality, 4, 9, 95-97, 100, 108, 124-126, 157, 165 (see also Service de police de la ville de Montréal (SPVM))
post-democracy, 36-38
post-politics, 37-38, 49
preventative arrests, 134-135
Professeurs contre la hausse, 81, 84, 90
manifesto of, 81
progressive taxation, 56, 72
propaganda, 94, 102 (see also violence and intimidation)
public opinion polls, 53-54, 158
on the Charest government, 53-54
on the student strike, 7, 85, 156
public space, 91, 97, 108, 128, 156, 163
Québécor, 80, 107
Québec Solidaire (QS), 83, 87, 111, 158
Quiet Revolution, 5-6, 8, 13-16, 20, 23, 30, 39, 50, 66, 73, 94, 142, 162
Radio-Canada, 60, 79, 105, 118
rectors (see university presidents and rectors)
regressive taxation, 56, 72, 83-84
Regroupement des associations étudiantes universitaires (RAEU), 17-19
Rencontre des partenaires en éducation, 30, 67, 98
representative democracy, 7, 36-38, 41-49, 52-55, 62-63, 68, 98, 118, 149, 152-154, 161-162
research, 26-30, 32, 35, 40, 66, 74, 102, 111, 114, 142, 145
Révolution tranquille (see Quiet Revolution)
Ricochet, 164
right to strike, 33-34, 93
Rocher, Guy, 12, 83-84, 147
Roy, Louis, 122
Ryan, Claude, 18
Salon du Plan Nord, 104
satellite campuses, 27, 111
satire, 99
Service de police de la ville de Montréal (SPVM), 6, 9, 34, 61, 77, 86-87, 90-101, 104, 106-111, 115, 117-118, 123-127, 130, 133-136, 159-161, 165 (see also police brutality)
severance packages, 30-31 (see also university presidents and rectors)
shale gas, 57, 146, 161
Simoneau, Commander Alain, 135
social democracy, 6, 39, 50, 55, 66, 73, 158
socialism, 15
social media, 5-10, 38, 40-41, 44, 73, 77-78, 85-86, 88, 92, 96, 105-106, 109, 119, 126-127, 131-132, 134, 150-151, 154-156, 158, 163-165
social media age, 7-10, 73, 88, 106, 109, 132, 151
social media generation, 6-7, 10, 38, 85-86, 155
Sommet sur l’enseignement supérieur, 159, 161
spectacle, 8, 10, 76-77, 129, 150
St-Pierre, Christine, 136
student assemblies (see assemblies)
Summit of the Americas in Québec City, 96
Sûreté du Québec (SQ), 101, 112-114, 123
syndicalisme (see labour union movement)
Syndicat de la fonction publique et parapublique du Québec (CFPQ), 74 (see also labour union movement)
Syndicat de professionnelles et professionnels du gouvernement du Québec (SPGQ), 74 (see also labour union movement)
Table de concertation étudiante du Québec (TaCEQ), 67
Tahrir Square (see Egyptian revolution)
Thatcher, Margaret, 19, 35, 38, 51, 82, 129, 131, 156
There is no alternative (TINA) (see Thatcher, Margaret)
tuition fees, 18, 27, 31-32, 35, 47-48, 72-73, 79, 81-82, 102, 130, 142-149, 152, 157, 159, 161 (see also free university education)
effect on educational accessibility, 31-32
increases to, 5-7, 18-20, 23, 29, 31-32, 47-48, 56, 66-67, 70, 72-73, 79, 83-84, 88, 98, 107, 114-115, 133, 137, 142-148, 151, 157, 159, 161-162
regressive nature of, 84
tuition freeze, 6, 16, 18, 142
Tunisian revolution, 38 Turkish protests, 163
Twitter, 38-41, 77-78, 85–88, 108, 120, 126-127, 132, 153, 156 (see also social media)
Union générale des étudiants du Québec (UGEQ), 15-16, 19-21
unionism (see labour union movement)
Union Nationale, 13, 16, 162
Unité anticollusion (UAC), 59-60 (see also Duchesneau Report)
United Nations (U.N.), 16, 96, 110, 122, 148
Unité permanente anticorruption (UPAC), 59-60
Université de Montréal, 15, 27, 32, 35,
Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), 16, 31, 77, 90, 92, 94, 107,
Université Laval, 69, 92
universities, 6, 14-16, 25-35, 50, 66, 73, 81, 94, 98, 102, 114-115 (see also free university education)
university administrations, 28-31, 33, 92-93, 100-102, 107, 159-160
university diplomas, 142-143
value of, 34, 143-144
university presidents and rectors, 18, 23, 30-31, 35, 73, 102, 115 (see also Conférence des recteurs et des principaux des universités du Québec (CREPUQ))
salaries of, 30-31, 73, 102
user fees, 6, 47, 55-57, 72
user-pay (see user fees)
Vaillancourt, Gilles, 59
vandalism, 68-69, 75, 79, 98, 106-107, 110
Victoriaville riot, 111-114
Villeneuve, Julien (see Anarchopanda)
violence (see police brutality; see vandalism)
violence and intimidation, 93, 96, 103, 124, 136
wealth inequality, 6, 13, 46, 57, 72, 83, 163
Woodsworth, Judith, 31, 35
World Social Forum, 21, 48
World Trade Organization (WTO), 38
Yo Soy 132, 163
Žižek, Slavoj, 37