A
Aaron, 50, 116, 135, 139, 185, 209–10, 217
and the priesthood, 209–10
as a type of Christ, 209–10
Abel, 18, 34–36, 99, 130, 163, 165, 174–75, 193, 204
as a type of Christ, 174–75
Abraham, 13, 27, 37–40, 44–45, 47, 54–55, 63, 70, 85, 88–91, 94–98, 100, 105–6, 108, 110–11, 120–23, 127, 130, 133, 152, 154, 164–65, 169, 176, 178, 181–82, 189, 209, 219–20, 228, 232, 276, 293, 298, 321
God’s covenant with, 38. See also Biblical covenants: Abrahamic covenant
Abram, 27, 37–39, 45, 89, 94–95. See also Abraham
Absalom (son of David), 56
Achtemeier, Elizabeth, 306
Acts of the Apostles (NT book), 1–3, 17, 24–25, 27, 39, 79, 95, 105, 117, 131, 140, 149, 177–78, 185–86, 212, 247–52, 255–57, 260, 272, 274, 276–77, 286–87, 294, 298, 319, 325
Adam, 18, 36, 40, 84, 89–95, 119, 134, 140, 144, 163–64, 170–75, 179, 192–93, 208, 211, 233, 236, 273
Adam’s clothing as a type of Christ, 179
as a type of Christ, 172–73
Adoram, 62
Ahaziah, 63
Alden, Robert, 246
allegory, 156
Altar of Incense, the, 196
Alter, Robert, 240–41
Amaya, Ismael E., 23
Ambrose (bishop of Milan), 8
Amnon (son of David), 56
Amon, 67
Amorites, 44–45
Amos (OT book), 25–26, 55, 105–6, 214, 268–70, 272, 275–77, 292
messianic prophecy in, 277
Amos (prophet), 25–26, 268–70, 272, 275–77
Aquinas, Thomas, 141
Ark of the Covenant, the, 46, 51, 54, 197, 321
Artaxerxes (King of Persia), 31, 76, 234, 314
Assyrian captivity, the, 65, 72, 268–29
Assyrians, Assyrian empire, 30, 65–67, 69, 72, 74, 152, 268–69, 273, 282, 293, 301
atonement, 29, 99, 138, 175, 193, 195, 197, 206, 210, 212, 233, 288
B
Baal, 44, 48, 63, 67–68, 278–79
Babylon, Babylonians, 26, 31, 67, 69–75, 107, 113, 233, 270, 282, 284, 293, 295–96, 300–2, 309–11, 315–17
conquest of Judah, 67, 69, 295–96
Babylonian captivity, 26, 30–31, 35, 67, 69–75, 107, 110, 232–33, 268–70, 281–82, 284, 296, 309–10, 317
Baladan, 67
Balak (Moabite king), 112
Barrett, Michael, 126, 153, 155–57, 194
Barry, John, 109
Baxter, J. Sidlow, 70, 128–33, 181, 190, 222, 236, 273–74, 297, 312, 326
Baylis, Albert, 218
Beall, James Lee, 328
Beaulieu, P. A., 73
Beeby, H. D., 278
Belcher Jr., Richard P., 37
Ben-Gurion, David, 107
as a type of Christ, 178
Bergen, Robert D., 53
Bethlehem, 9, 53, 151, 227, 233, 292
Bible, the
Bible basics, 24–26
Christ-centeredness of, 5–6, 9, 80, 82, 159
as chronicle of God’s revelation of Himself to human beings, 8
as God-breathed, 17–19
not history for its own sake, 22
overarching theme, 7–11
regarding the Bible as mere literature, 18
as story of God’s redemptive plan for man, 9
unchanging God of, 16–17
Bible History: Old Testament (Edersheim), 22
biblical covenants
Abrahamic Covenant, 38, 54–55, 85, 89–90, 95–98, 100, 105–6, 120–23, 133, 181, 232, 276
Adamic Covenant, 89, 92–93, 119, 236
Edenic Covenant, 89–92, 169–70
every biblical covenant culminates in Jesus Christ, 88
Mosaic (Sinaitic) Covenant, 42, 89–90, 97–103, 113, 115–18, 165, 181–82, 212, 219, 318
blood sacrifice in, 99–100
Palestinian Covenant, 90, 97, 105–7, 276
seven elements of, 105–6
Blaising, Craig A., 54, 96, 100, 119
Boa, Kenneth (Ken), 227, 277, 288
Book of the Law, the, 45, 68, 77, 234
Borland, James, 152–54
Boston, Thomas, 305
Briscoe, D. Stuart, 112
Brueggemann, Walter, 219
Bruner, Frederick, 267
Bullock, C. Hassell, 246–47, 311, 318
burnt offerings, 53, 75, 94, 205–7, 288
Burrows, W., 237
Buswell, J. Oliver, 151
C
Cain, 18, 35–36, 99, 130, 165, 174–75, 193, 204
Caleb, 43
Calvin, John, 179
Canaan, 27, 29, 34, 38, 41, 43–47, 51, 64, 89, 94, 158–59, 190, 214, 218–19, 221–22, 224, 278
Conquest of Canaan, 44–47
Carpenter, Eugene, 165
Charnock, Stephen, 13
Christ, Jesus
ascension of, 22, 129, 150, 216, 247–48, 250, 254, 260, 272
the blood of, 100, 102, 113, 116, 119–20, 122, 132–33, 139, 159, 174–75, 188–89, 195, 198, 203–4, 207–8, 210, 280, 325
as creator and sustainer of His creation, 11, 82, 140–43, 332
cross of Christ, 36, 91–92, 102–3, 116–17, 127–28, 169–70, 172–73 187, 189, 194–95, 197–99, 204, 207, 209, 212, 216, 219, 228, 244–45, 252–53, 256, 271, 290, 302, 330
crucifixion of, 10, 126, 188, 191, 205, 211, 216, 223, 230, 248, 252–53, 277, 287, 295, 315
death of, 10, 13, 22, 36, 80, 82, 91–93, 118–19, 129, 133–34, 157, 161, 169, 172, 177–78, 183, 185, 198, 204, 207, 217, 228, 245, 251–53, 275, 280, 287–90, 330–31
in every book of the Bible, 161–64
fulfills God’s promises in the Davidic covenant, 110–12
as God’s firstborn and only Son, 200
identified as David’s reigning descendant, 111–13
incarnation of, 7–8, 10, 15, 19, 81, 124, 129, 151, 154, 231, 248, 280, 288
as the Key to the Old Testament, 10
as king, kingship of, 133–34, 139–40, 230
as the “last Adam,” 91–92, 172–73
as mediator, 14, 102, 119, 139, 168, 175, 186, 198, 244–46
as the perfect judge, 224
pictures of Christ in the OT, 157, 171–80, 183–99, 216–17, 226, 252–53
as priest, 138–39, 151, 162, 176, 186, 196, 198, 209, 213, 226, 244, 248
as prophet, 135–38, 151, 184, 186, 220, 248, 274
referenced in specific Psalms, 249–57
references to the Shepherd of Israel and, 142–43
resurrection of, 4, 13, 22–23, 39, 82, 129, 132–34, 140, 149, 157, 159, 161, 169–70, 172, 175, 177, 183, 211, 217, 248–49, 252, 274–75, 288, 319, 330
saving activity in the OT, 143–46
second coming of, 22, 122, 129, 212, 248, 268–69, 272, 277, 280, 291, 295, 311, 313, 319, 324, 327
seen through God’s dealings with Israel, 82, 158–59
as the theme of the entire Bible, 7–11
Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem, 137, 313–14, 324
types of Christ in OT, 171–80, 216–17
as the ultimate sin offering, 208, 210, 288
work of, 117, 127, 135–36, 138, 142–43, 170, 176, 189, 194–96, 210, 212, 217, 233, 246, 257
Christianity, 3–4, 7–8, 12–13, 23, 122, 128, 144, 204, 288, 319
establishment of, 23
and the Old Testament, 3
Christians, 2–3, 9, 11, 13–15, 17, 19, 64, 93, 117, 126, 141, 171, 188, 194–96, 210, 212, 213–15, 218, 233, 244, 251, 276, 279, 297, 310–11, 321, 327
ignorance of OT, 11–12
Christophanies, 11, 82, 142, 147, 150–55, 332
involving the Angel of the Lord, 151–52
Chronicles (OT books)
1 Chronicles, 25, 27, 31, 107, 109, 231
synopsis of, 31
2 Chronicles, 25–26, 31, 66, 70, 107, 231, 270, 321
synopsis of, 31
Chrysostom (Church father), 152
Chung, Sung Wook, 92
cities of refuge, 217
Clark, David, 327
Clement of Alexandria (Church father), 152
Colossians (epistle), 3, 15, 25, 122, 141–42, 151, 164, 169, 179, 199–200, 207, 239, 246, 258, 260, 286
Corinthians (epistles),
1 Corinthians, 25, 40, 91, 113, 117, 120, 122, 126, 141, 145, 148, 150, 153, 156, 164, 173, 188, 194, 198, 211–12, 228, 230, 257, 259–60, 272, 277, 286–87, 295, 298–99, 312–13, 325
2 Corinthians, 25, 87–88, 117, 119, 122, 224, 229, 233, 246, 272, 286, 298–99, 306
Couch, Mal, 291
covenant. See biblical covenants; New Covenant; Old Covenant
Covenant theologians, 121–23
creation, 7–8, 11, 22, 26–28, 33–38, 40, 82, 87, 92, 94, 119, 125, 133, 140–42, 147, 149, 153, 163–66, 168–69, 171–72, 179, 204, 223, 243, 262, 331–32
Crocker, Harry, 4
Cyprian (Church father), 152
Cyril (Church father), 152
Cyrus (Persian king), 30, 70–71, 75–76, 233, 281, 284, 314
D
Damascus, 2
Daniel (OT book), 25, 69, 71–72, 149
main theme, 310
prophecies in, 234, 285, 309–16
Daniel (prophet), 18, 26, 69, 268–70, 285, 306, 309–16
in the lion’s den, 72
and Shadrach, Mesach, and Abednego, 71–72
Darius (king of Persia), 72
Darius II, 74
David (OT king), 17–18, 22, 27, 30, 50, 52, 57, 59, 199, 229, 247, 280
anointed king, 54–55
and Bathsheba, 55–56
choosing of Jerusalem as his new capital, 54
lineage of, 39–40, 55, 62, 69, 83, 85–86, 88, 90, 97, 107–13, 119, 113, 140, 153, 226–29, 232, 235, 252, 254–55, 257, 276–77, 292, 298, 311, 314, 319–22
prefigures Christ, 135, 227–29
Psalms and, 13, 55, 139, 205, 231, 251–52
Davies, G. Henton, 151
Day of Atonement, the, 193, 210, 212
Deuteronomy (OT book), 24–25, 27, 68, 99, 106, 218–20, 228
emphasis on remembering in, 219–20
messianic prophecy in, 136, 220
synopsis of, 29
Dever, Mark, 16–17, 95, 305, 311
Divided Kingdom, 35, 61–70, 271–72, 275, 277
doctrine of the Lamb, 82, 86, 128, 130, 132
Doederlein, J. C., 284
Drouhard, R. L., 61
Duguid, Iain, 125, 134, 147, 161, 167
Duhm, B., 284
E
Easley, Kendell, 294
Ecclesiastes (OT book), 25, 235, 239, 241–42, 248, 261–62, 264–65
Edersheim, Alfred, 22–23, 33, 71
Edomites, 270–71
Edwards, Brian, 17
Egypt, Egyptians, 15, 22, 27–29, 40–42, 45–51, 61–62, 65, 69, 74, 87, 98, 114, 130, 144–46, 156, 177–78, 181–83, 187–90, 200, 202, 211, 221, 233, 237, 280, 298, 320, 323
Eli, 226
Elijah (prophet), 18, 30, 63–64, 163, 230–31, 268, 300, 327
assumption of, 63–64
as a type of Christ, 231
Elisha (prophet), 30, 63–65, 231, 268
as a type of Christ, 231
Elwell, Walter, 245
Emmaus, 4–6, 10, 13, 81, 83, 130, 162, 329–30
relationship to title of book, 4–5
Ephesians (epistle), 3, 25, 120, 150, 207–8, 222–23, 254, 257, 263–64, 279, 299
Esther (OT book), 24–26, 235–38
synopsis of, 31
ESV Bible Study, 26, 81, 237, 287, 318
eternal life, 10, 117, 120, 156, 170, 174–75, 191, 197, 216, 224, 229, 236, 245–46, 262, 304, 306, 316
Eusebius (Church father), 135–36
Evans, Craig, 110
Evans, Tony, 107
Eve, 18, 36, 83–85, 89, 92–93, 144, 163–64, 171–72, 174, 179, 193
Exell, Joseph, 203
Exodus (OT book), 25, 42–44, 59, 64, 87, 89, 98–99, 102, 126, 130, 135, 152, 156, 165–66, 180, 201–2, 212, 217, 221, 228, 320–21
essential theme of, 182
finding Christ in, 181–200
God’s love in, 182
messianic prophecies in, 199–200
synopsis of, 29
types and pictures of Christ in, 183–99
exodus, the, 22, 27, 42, 47, 74, 88, 156, 165, 181, 183, 280, 323
as a type of Christ, 189–90
Exodus Period, 34, 40–41, 74, 88
Explore the Book (Baxter), 128
Ezekiel (OT book), 25, 71, 87, 107, 142, 316–19
messianic prophecies in, 319
references to New Covenant, 114–15, 121
Ezekiel (prophet), 26, 69, 72, 114, 268–70, 279, 316–19
Ezra (OT book), 25–26, 70, 74–77, 232–35, 324
synopsis of, 31
Ezra, 232–35
reads the Law of Moses to the people, 76–77
F
Feast of Firstfruits, the, 211
Feast of Pentecost (or Feast of Weeks), the, 211–12
Feast of Tabernacles (Booths), the, 212
Feast of Trumpets, the, 212
Feast of Unleavened Bread, the, 211
Felix (governor), 1–3
Festus (governor), 2
Flint, Peter, 110
flood, the, 18, 35–37, 89, 94, 127, 163, 165, 313
Foakes-Jackson, Dr., 73
Fortner, Donald, 183, 228–29, 231, 236, 251, 264
free will, 134
G
Galatians (epistle), 12, 25, 39, 92, 100–1, 121, 156, 220
Garden of Eden, the, 84, 94, 156, 169–70, 193–94, 199
Garrett, Duane A., 279
Gedaliah, 73–74
Geisler, Norman, 82, 102, 115, 119, 123, 157, 239
Genesis (OT book), 24–26, 34–40, 44, 83, 87, 90, 92, 95, 111, 130, 142, 144, 146–47, 149, 151–54, 181, 201, 204, 228, 236, 292
Chapters 1–11 as crucial, 37
importance of Chapters 1–11, 164–70
synopsis of, 28
Gentiles, 1–2, 30, 39, 50, 88, 91, 96, 120, 123, 169, 175, 212, 220, 227, 269, 273–76, 280, 286, 295, 310, 312
Gilgal, 63
Gingrich, Roy, 37–38, 49, 70, 79
God
character of, 26–27, 37, 148, 267
the Father, 3, 8, 16, 22, 92, 114, 119–20, 135–37, 139, 141, 143, 149–50, 152–54, 159, 162, 165, 172, 176, 178, 191, 196–97, 226, 237, 244–45, 252, 258, 264, 275, 279, 289, 319
the Holy Spirit, 3, 6, 15, 17, 36, 58, 64, 81, 115–17, 121–22, 124, 141, 145, 152–54, 159, 167, 194–95, 198, 206, 212, 214, 224, 228–30, 232–33, 247–49, 258, 264, 272, 275, 285, 304, 328
kingdom of God, 22–23, 137, 295
leaving judgment to God, 56
love of, 6, 41, 108, 167, 214, 218, 243, 265, 273, 278
promise-plan of, 82–88, 97, 124, 126, 182, 331
promises and plans for redemption, 5–7, 9–10, 24, 26–29, 31, 35–41, 44–45, 49–50, 80, 83–84, 86–87, 89, 91–93, 95, 97, 100, 113, 115, 119–20, 124–26, 129, 134–35, 148, 155, 164–65, 166, 168–69, 172, 174–75, 181–83, 188–91, 195, 197, 200–2, 204, 208, 210, 220, 225–26, 229, 232, 236, 259, 276, 280–82, 287, 290, 292–94, 302, 315, 318, 322, 331–32
provides Israel with three types of law, 99
punishment of, 28–29, 36, 47–49, 66, 70–73, 90, 92, 98, 106, 108, 144, 169, 214, 275, 278, 301, 303, 316
reveals his name, 41
self-existence of, 41
the Son, 7, 93, 97, 101–2, 108–9, 113, 117, 119, 133, 137, 139–40, 141–42, 148, 151–54, 156, 159, 162, 164, 176–78, 190, 197, 199–200, 203, 208, 216, 227, 230, 232, 237, 244–45, 249–51, 254, 260, 264, 271, 274–75, 277, 280, 286, 288, 300, 312, 319, 332. See also Christ, Jesus
Goldsworthy, Graeme, 16, 22, 165, 169–70
Gomer, 277–80
gospel portraits, 82, 86, 125–27, 332
grace, 17, 27, 37, 77, 89, 91–94, 97, 102–3, 116, 119–20, 134, 144, 165, 169, 173–74, 182, 192, 208, 211, 216, 218, 229, 231, 233, 244, 246, 251, 272, 277, 294, 298–99, 304, 319–20
grain (meal) offering, 206–7, 288
Greece, Greek, 24, 121, 169, 203, 218, 315
Grudem, Wayne, 87
Guinness, H. Grattan, 21
H
Christ-centered message of, 303–4
Habakkuk (prophet), 26, 69, 268–70, 302–7
Haggai (OT book), 25, 76, 320–24
Haggai (prophet), 26, 76, 268–70, 320–24
Hahn, Scott, 119
Halley, Henry, 254
Ham, 93–94
Hannah, 226–27
Harmon, Matthew, 125
Harris, Robert, 204
Hastings, James, 210, 273, 323
Hatton, Howard, 327
Hebrew (language and nationality), 19, 23–24, 26, 28, 30, 38–39, 41, 44, 47, 49–52, 65, 72, 81, 95, 99, 101, 113, 131, 143, 148, 159, 165, 169, 188, 199, 203, 226, 229, 231, 239–42, 246–47, 256, 258, 273, 275, 278, 300, 312, 318
Hebrews (epistle), 7, 10, 13–15, 25, 39, 43, 45–46, 49, 96, 100, 114, 116, 118–19, 137–40, 142, 144–45, 153, 156, 176, 189, 198, 204–5, 207, 210, 215, 223, 228, 245, 249–51, 253–54, 256–57, 323
High Priestly Prayer, the, 162, 196, 226, 235
Hilary, 152
Hilkiah, 68
Hindson, Edward, 208
Hints and Signs of the Coming King (Strassner), 126
Hivites, 44
Hosea (OT book), 25, 90, 106, 200, 264, 277–80
messianic prophecies in, 280
Hosea (prophet), 26, 152, 268–70, 277–80
Hoshea (last king of Israel), 65
Huey, F. B., Jr., 297–98
I
idolatry, 29–30, 36, 42–43, 47–48, 50, 53, 59, 62–63, 67–68, 72, 114, 190, 213, 218, 224, 232, 275, 278, 281
Irenaeus, 152
Ironside, H. A., 179
Isaac, 39, 63, 85, 152, 176–77, 182
Isaiah (OT book), 18, 22, 24–25, 40, 45, 58, 66–67, 75, 106–7, 113, 122, 131, 135, 141, 150, 153, 156, 167, 171, 179, 197, 233, 264, 280–90, 294, 305, 322, 325
Christ in, 142–43, 149, 153, 212, 224–25, 286–90
critics of, 283–86
messianic prophecies in, 55, 131, 144, 207, 252–53, 280, 284–85
as a microcosm of the Bible, 282
references to New Covenant, 110, 115, 118, 121
Isaiah (prophet), 26, 268–70, 276, 280–86, 291–92
Ishbosheth (son of Saul), 54
Ishmael, 154
Israel, Israelites, 10, 22, 26–27, 39, 45–46, 52–55, 60–68, 72, 135–36, 142, 145, 217, 221–24, 228, 230, 256, 269–70, 275, 288, 291–92, 295, 314, 316, 322, 325
as chosen people, 5, 22–23, 34, 42, 47, 50, 58–59, 80, 83, 85, 88, 129, 134, 136–37, 158–59, 178, 187, 194, 199–200, 202–4, 209–10, 216–17, 220, 229, 271–72, 276, 280, 282–83, 287, 306, 310–11, 313, 318, 328, 330–32
covenants with God, 14, 41–42, 75, 86, 88–90, 97–103, 105–24, 182, 219, 227, 232–34, 274, 277, 298, 319
Egypt and, 15, 28–29, 145, 181–83, 185, 187–91, 202, 211, 233, 280, 298
God’s choice of Israel, 88, 165–70, 273–74
as a kingdom of priests, 42–44, 98, 166, 202, 209 mistakes made by, 5–6, 17, 23–24, 20, 29–30, 43–45, 47–50, 62–63, 65, 90, 96, 98, 105–6, 115, 202, 218, 268, 272, 276, 278–81, 296, 301, 317–21
in the wilderness, 13, 29, 40–42, 44–45, 145–46, 152, 189–91, 194, 212–18, 279
J
Jacob, 39, 70, 85, 109, 111–15, 140, 142, 149, 152, 178, 182, 216–17, 225, 270, 277, 293
Jacob’s ladder as a type of Christ, 178
James (epistle), 16, 25, 39, 245, 259, 277
Japheth, 93–94
Jebusites, 44
Jehoahaz, 69
Jenson, Philip, 192
Jeremiah (OT book), 24–26, 69–71, 87, 107, 118, 142, 150, 153, 167, 296–300
foreshadowings of Christ in, 148, 298–300
references to New Covenant, 90, 113–116, 319
story of the potter’s clay, 24, 74–75
Jeremiah (prophet), 26, 69–71, 73–75, 118, 268–70, 279, 296–302
as a type of Christ, 301–2
Jeroboam, 61–63, 68–69, 275, 277
Jerusalem, 11, 66–68, 71, 115, 119, 121, 133, 152, 169–70, 176, 199, 217, 232, 282, 292, 292, 304, 319, 323
attacks on, 69–70, 72–73, 110, 270–71, 296, 299–300, 310, 315–16, 318
David’s choice of, 54
Emmaus in relation to, 10, 329
Jesus’ entry into, 137, 313–14
people’s return to, 71, 75–77, 234–35, 313–14, 320
Jesus Christ. See Christ, Jesus
Jesus on Trial (Limbaugh), 4, 8, 23, 34, 107, 128, 244, 261, 288, 300
Jethro, 41
Jews, 9, 31, 70, 73–74, 76–77, 107, 110, 212, 235–37, 270, 291, 300–2, 314, 317, 320, 322
how they interpret the Old Testament, 3, 15, 81
New Testament and, 1–3, 95–96, 120–23, 169, 191, 217, 252, 274, 295
1948 return to Israel, 107
relationship with God, 88, 149, 175, 203, 234, 289, 295, 311–12
Jezebel, 63
Job (OT book), 24–25, 80, 141, 239, 241, 243–46, 300, 302–3, 306
predominant theme of, 244–45
Job (OT figure), 80, 141, 243–46
Joel (OT book), 25–26, 150, 271–72
finding Christ in, 272
Joel (prophet), 150, 268–72, 295
John (gospel), 8, 10, 17, 25, 42, 80, 95, 117, 122, 126, 131, 137, 139, 141–42, 151, 153–56, 162, 164, 171, 174–76, 178, 184–86, 188, 191, 194–97, 199, 204, 211, 216, 223, 226, 228, 232, 235, 244, 249, 253–54, 257, 259–60, 262, 272–74, 283, 286–87, 298, 305, 316, 319–20, 324
Johnston, Gordon, 111
John the Baptist, 131, 184, 188, 228, 230, 282–83, 300, 327–28
Jonah (OT book), 25–26, 272–75
prefiguring of Christ in, 274
Jonah (prophet), 11, 18, 163, 268–70, 272–75, 280, 293
Jordan River, 44, 51, 54, 217–18
crossing of the, 46, 63–64, 222–23
Joseph (husband of Mary), 36, 226
Joseph (OT patriarch), 39–40, 167, 177–78, 237, 323
as a type of Christ, 39, 80, 177, 179
Joshua (OT book), 24–27, 43–47, 220–22
Joshua, 29, 43–47, 64–65, 189–218, 220–22, 321
leads the people into the Promised Land, 46–47, 218, 222, 229
as a type of Christ, 223–24
synopsis of, 29
Josiah, 62, 67–69, 284, 294, 296
Judah, 31, 35, 40, 54, 62, 66–77, 86, 110–12, 114, 118, 228, 231, 269–71, 280–82, 288, 291–92, 294, 296, 298, 301–2, 316–17, 320, 322
attacks on, 30, 66–70, 152, 295, 297, 311
Judea, Judeans, 31, 69–71, 73–74, 270–71, 282, 301
Judges (OT book), 25, 34, 47–49, 229, 325
synopsis of, 29–30
thematically points to Christ, 224–25
Jukes, Andrew, 208
Juster, Daniel, 166
Justin Martyr, 152
K
Kaiser, Walter, 83–86, 103, 106, 118, 120, 182, 200
Kaung, Stephen, 214
Keller, Timothy, 186, 198, 237
King Agrippa, 2–3
King Belshazzar, 311
King Cyrus of Persia. See Cyrus (Persian king)
King David. See David (OT king)
King Jeroboam II, 61–63, 68–69, 275, 277
Kings (OT books)
1 Kings, 25, 57–59, 61–63, 69, 109–10, 135, 199, 229–31, 270, 284, 321–22
synopsis of, 30
2 Kings, 25–26, 62–71, 73, 152, 231–32, 284, 312
synopsis of, 30
King Saul. See Saul (OT king)
King Solomon. See Solomon (OT king)
King So of Egypt, 65
Kistemaker, Simon, 87
KJV Bible Study, 208
L
Ladd, George Eldon, 23
Lamb of God, 126, 128, 131, 138, 171, 188
Lamentations (OT book), 25–26, 71, 268, 297, 300–2
main theme of, 301
lampstand, the, 195–96
Lange, John Peter (J. P.), 67, 175, 278
LaRondelle, Hans K., 14
Law, the (Mosaic Law), 24–25, 67–68, 72–73, 80, 91, 201, 205, 221, 235, 325
given to Moses and Israelites, 29, 36, 42–45, 48, 89–90, 94, 97–103, 158, 166, 183–84, 191–92, 209, 217–18, 220, 228, 234
referred to in New Testament, 2–3, 11–12, 14–15, 17, 80, 91, 101, 103, 115, 117–18, 122, 137, 162, 169, 198–99, 219–20, 223, 229, 234, 274, 298
reinstituted under Ezra, 76–77
Leah, 111
Lee, Robert, 265
Leviticus (OT book), 13, 25, 87, 99, 130–31, 200–12, 225
central theme of, 203
feasts in, 210–12
first section, 203–4
as a “handbook on holiness,” 43, 101, 200–1, 203
and priestly ministry, 202, 213
second section, 204
synopsis of, 29
Levy, David, 194
Lloyd-Jones, D. Martin, 21, 80
Longman, Tremper, 46, 189, 300
Lowrie, John M., 236
Luke (gospel), 10–11, 17–18, 25, 109–10, 113, 122, 137, 140, 153, 177–78, 184–85, 197, 199, 202, 217, 219, 223, 226–31, 235, 247, 249–50, 253, 256, 257, 274, 277, 285–87, 298–99, 310, 312–13, 319, 323–24, 327–29
Luther, Martin, 8
M
MacArthur, John, 177, 209, 254, 263, 312, 324
MacLeod, David, 142
Major Prophets, 25–26, 189, 268–69, 280, 322, 327
Malachi (OT book), 24–26, 325–28
Malachi (prophet), 26, 268–70, 325–28
man
as apex of God’s creation, 37
creation of, 9, 19, 28, 37, 40, 87, 90, 134, 164, 170, 172–73, 251, 263, 331–32
fall of, 28, 40, 87–88, 92, 144, 164, 173, 182, 211, 331
God’s redemptive plan for, 9, 37, 40, 80, 86–88, 90, 94, 146, 151, 164, 170, 175, 182, 211
Jesus becomes, 8, 35–36, 79–80, 83, 93, 113, 151, 169, 173, 198, 211, 213, 225, 251, 289–90, 319, 324–25
knowing God, 8, 23, 41, 43, 81, 155, 201, 204, 245, 263
wickedness of, 35–36, 39, 47, 93, 165
Manasseh, 67–68
Mangano, Mark, 295
as a type of Christ, 190
Marduk, 73
Martin-Achard, Robert, 276
Mary (mother of Jesus), 113, 140, 178, 199, 224, 226–27, 323
Master Theme of the Bible, The (Baxter), 128
Matheson, Roy, 56, 58, 61, 188, 192
Mathews, Kenneth, 37
Mattaniah, 69
Matthew (gospel), 4, 17–18, 25, 53, 67, 106, 110, 113, 123, 126, 137, 140, 143–45, 148, 159, 162–63, 171, 175–76, 178, 185, 198, 200, 212, 217, 219, 223, 227–28, 230–32, 234–36, 239, 244, 246, 249–50, 253, 255, 256–57, 263, 271, 274–75, 277, 277, 280, 283, 286–87, 292, 294–95, 298–300, 319, 323–24, 327
McDowell, Josh, 107
Mediterranean Sea, 51
Melchizedek, 136, 139, 176, 250, 257
Meldau, Fred John, 157
Mencken, H. L., 241
Merodach-baladan, 67
Merrill, Eugene, 12–13, 112, 280
Mesopotamia, 51, 111, 113, 216
Messiah in Both Testaments, 157
messianic prophecies, 11, 35, 82–84, 112, 131, 148, 157–58, 199, 206, 220, 240, 236, 245, 247, 249, 260, 265, 277, 280, 286, 292–93, 298, 305, 312–13, 319, 324, 327, 332. See also individual OT books
Micah (OT book), 25, 149, 291–93
messianic prophecies in, 232–33, 284, 292–93
Micah (prophet), 26, 268–70, 284, 291–93
Midian, 41
Minor Prophets, 25–26, 189, 268–69, 291, 322, 327
Moberly, R. W. L., 288
Mordecai, 237
Morgan, G. Campbell, 38, 41, 168, 272, 304
Morris, Leon, 145
Moses, 11, 29, 41–46, 50, 64–65, 76–77, 80, 85, 116, 125, 127, 161, 164, 172, 181, 198–200, 220–21, 223, 227, 234–35, 268, 270, 278, 285, 298, 321
faith in Christ, 144–46
referred to in New Testament, 2, 10–11, 144–45, 156, 191
Ten Commandments and, 14, 36, 42, 89, 97–98, 218
as a type of Christ, 135–37, 183–87, 189–91, 187–89, 216
Mounce, Robert, 118
Mount Carmel, 63
Mt. Sinai, 14, 97, 153, 181, 192, 213, 218
Murray, David, 173
N
Nahum (OT book), 25–26, 69, 293–94
prefiguring of Christ in, 294
Nahum (prophet), 25–26, 69, 268–70, 293–94
Naomi, 30
Nathan (prophet), 54–56, 107, 139, 230
Nathanael (apostle), 80
Nazareth, 18, 80, 137, 285, 300
Nebuchadnezzar (king of Babylon), 69, 72, 270, 296, 309, 311, 315
Neco (Egyptian pharaoh), 69
Nehemiah (OT book), 25–27, 31, 49, 74, 77, 234–35, 237, 299, 314
synopsis of, 31
Nehemiah, 74, 77, 234–35, 237, 299, 325
Nelson, Grant, 33–34
New Covenant, the, 14, 90, 97, 102–3, 110, 114–24, 133, 198, 220, 276, 298, 305, 319, 331
as the capstone of salvation history, 119
main provisions of, 115
superior to the Old Covenant, 116–17
distinguishing between the Old and New Covenants, 14
New Testament, the, 3, 5–15, 17–19, 23–25, 27, 35, 38–39, 41, 43, 65, 80–81, 85, 87–88, 102, 109–11, 114–15, 119–22, 126, 128–29, 131, 133, 137, 139, 143–45, 149, 151, 153–58, 162, 170–72, 174–75, 177–78, 180–81, 183, 187, 194, 199–200, 203, 205–7, 219, 221–22, 228, 231, 233, 235, 246–47, 249, 252, 254, 257, 259, 261, 264, 272, 276, 279–82, 287–89, 294–95, 304, 306, 310, 319, 330–32
quotations from OT and allusions to the OT, 12
tells the rest of the story, 3
Nicene Creed, 141
Nicol, T., 73
Niebuhr, Richard, 204
Noah, 11, 18, 35–37, 89, 93–95, 127, 165, 175–76, 233
as a type of Christ, 175–76
Noah’s Ark, 11, 35, 127, 175–76
as Gospel portrait, 127
Northern Kingdom of Israel, 30, 63, 275, 282, 301
Numbers (OT book), 25, 29, 43, 156, 208, 213, 215–17, 222, 305
synopsis of, 29
types, pictures, and prophecies of Christ in, 216–217
O
Obadiah (OT book), 25–26, 267–71
prefigurings of Christ in, 271
Obadiah (prophet), 25–26, 268–71
Oden, Thomas, 141
Ogilvie, Lloyd J., 279
Old Covenant, the, 7, 14–15, 90, 115–16, 118, 120, 331
Abrahamic Covenant, 38, 54, 85, 89–90, 95–98, 100, 105–6, 120, 122, 123, 181, 276
Davidic Covenant, 54–55, 88, 90, 97, 107–8, 110, 112–13, 119, 140, 227, 232, 251, 314
Mosaic Covenant, 42, 89, 90, 97–98, 100, 101–2, 113, 115–18, 165, 181–82, 212, 219, 318
Old Testament, the
anticipates Christ, 80
Christophanies in, 11, 82, 150–55
as a deliberately incomplete book, 11–16
doctrine of the Trinity in, 152–53
historical summaries in, 27–28
“Law and the Prophets” as a reference to, 17
messianic prophecies of. See messianic prophecies
Old Testament offices of prophet, priest, and king, 11, 30, 82, 134–40, 151, 184, 226, 248, 321
Old Testament prophets, primary task of, 267
synopses of the historical books, 28, 31
titles of and references to Christ in, 82, 147–50
typology pointing to Christ, 155–57
Old Testament historical periods, outline of, 33–35
Old Testament history
Creation through the United Kingdom, 33–59
Divided Kingdom through Restoration, 61–78
overview, 21–31
Origen (Church father), 114
P
Panton, D. M., 157
Passover, 42, 126, 144, 156, 181, 183, 187–89, 199, 211
as a type of Christ, 187–89
Passover Lamb, 126, 156, 188, 199, 211
Patriarchal Period, 34, 37–40, 84
patriarchs, the, 22, 34–35, 37, 54, 74, 83–86, 100, 118, 165–66, 177, 192, 228, 252
Paul (apostle), 1–3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 17, 27, 39, 56, 80, 88, 91–93, 96, 100–1, 103, 118, 120–23, 126, 138, 140–46, 148, 150, 156, 165, 169, 171–73, 179, 183, 188, 191, 194, 198, 207, 211–12, 214, 220, 228–30, 233, 247, 249, 252, 254, 257, 259, 262–64, 274, 276–77, 280–81, 294, 299, 306, 319
background as a Pharisee, 2
defense in trial, 1–2
Prison Epistles of, 3
Paulien, Jon, 14
peace (fellowship) offering, the, 207
Pentateuch, the, 24–25, 68, 162, 220, 285
Pentecost, Dwight, 106
Perizzites, 44
Peter (apostle), 16–17, 39, 95–96, 132, 145, 149, 185, 188, 213, 247, 252, 256, 272, 285
Peter (epistles)
1 Peter, 25, 101, 132, 142, 145, 176, 178, 188, 197, 208, 213, 225, 228, 253, 257, 285–86, 324–25
2 Peter, 16, 17, 22, 25, 127, 272, 287, 312
Pettegrew, Larry, 105
Pharisees, 2, 14, 42, 137, 162, 232, 257, 274
Phillips, Dan, 260
Phillips, Richard D., 135
Plains of Moab, 213
Polhill, John, 3
Preaching Christ from Ecclesiastes (Greidanus), 129
Price, Charles, 274
priesthood, the, 29, 43, 166, 197, 204, 209, 235, 257, 324
Promised Land, the, 29, 38, 43, 45, 54, 98, 105, 108, 112, 158, 186, 189, 191, 213–14, 221, 223, 232, 235, 277, 298.
prophecy, 5, 10, 16–17, 22, 35, 62–63, 67–70, 74–75, 82, 84, 107, 111–13, 147–48, 157, 177, 199, 216–17, 220, 228, 234, 236, 245, 252, 260, 271–72, 277, 282, 284–85, 290, 304–5, 310, 313–16, 327–28
prophets, the, 2, 6–7, 10–11, 13, 17, 39, 64, 73, 76, 80, 96, 110, 125, 135–37, 145, 161, 205, 229, 267–69, 276, 285, 318, 320, 324. See also individual prophets
protevangelium, 35
Proverbs (OT book), 25–26, 49, 57–58, 153, 225, 239, 241, 248, 257–61
as a handbook on acquiring wisdom, 257–58
references to Christ in, 259–60
Psalms (OT book), 10–11, 13, 25, 27, 44, 55, 108–9, 113, 118, 136, 139, 141–43, 146, 149–50, 152, 165, 171, 176, 179, 186, 189, 191, 227–29, 239–42, 246–57, 263, 271, 280, 300, 305
Christ in, 250
messianic prophecies in, 249–50
whether God speaks through the psalmists, 248–49
Q
Queen of Sheba, the, 274
R
Rachel (wife of Jacob), 177–78
Radmacher, Earl, 279
Rahab, 45–46
Rapture, the, 315
Reardon, Patrick Henry, 247–48
redemption, 7, 22, 24, 26, 29, 35–37, 39–40, 44–45, 83, 87, 89, 91–93, 95, 100, 120, 124, 126, 148, 164, 172, 174–75, 182–83, 189, 197, 201–2, 204, 210, 225, 232, 236, 259, 276, 280–82, 287, 292–93, 331
God’s promise of, 9, 35–36, 40, 182, 236
Reed, J. W., 49
Regnery Publishing, 4
Reid, W. Stanford, 134
repentance, 11, 17, 47, 56, 105, 107, 224, 233, 268, 273–74, 278, 281, 286, 318, 324
Restoration, 31, 35, 61, 74–76, 106
three waves of, 74
Revelation (OT book), 12, 24–25, 79–80, 87, 93, 110, 132–33, 148, 171, 194, 204, 264, 282, 310, 319
revelation, 3, 7–8, 13–15, 23, 37, 40–41, 82–83, 120, 126, 128–30, 132–34, 137, 143–45, 151, 156, 159, 161–62, 174, 180, 213, 221, 248–49, 251, 273–74, 304, 321–22, 331–32
general revelation, 7
progressive revelation, 83, 128–30, 133–34, 137, 151, 156, 159, 213, 274, 321, 331
specific revelation, 7
righteousness, 17, 73, 75, 77, 91, 101, 110, 118–19, 143, 145, 148, 150, 153, 166, 169, 173, 176, 179, 188, 204, 207, 209, 219, 225, 229, 246, 254–55, 259, 264, 289, 292, 298–99, 313, 327
representational righteousness, 166, 168, 209
Robertson, Archibald, 264
Robertson, O. Palmer, 119, 124
Romans (epistle), 7, 12–13, 24–25, 56, 80, 91, 93, 102–3, 106, 117–19, 122–23, 139–40, 144, 150, 166–67, 172–73, 178, 183, 185, 188, 195, 198–99, 200, 214, 220, 223, 225, 228, 229, 233, 255, 257, 274, 276–77, 280–81, 286–87, 294, 295, 298, 306, 319
Rome, Romans, 1–3, 93, 101, 107, 150, 172, 188, 211, 220, 280, 315–16, 319
Rooker, Mark, 201
Ruth (OT book), 25, 30, 49, 225–26, 229
kinsman-redeemer as a type of Christ in, 225
synopsis of, 30
Ruth (OT figure), 30, 50, 225–26
Ryken, Leland, 242
Ryrie, Charles, 283–84
S
Sabbath, the, 14, 211, 223, 228, 232
as a type of Christ, 179
salvation, 9, 10, 22–23, 28, 34, 39, 41, 44, 48–49, 80, 82–83, 85, 88, 95, 97, 101, 103, 121, 125, 143–47, 150, 166–69, 171, 175, 179, 187–89, 195, 197, 201–2, 213, 217–19, 223–25, 228, 274–75, 279–81, 285, 287, 292–94, 298, 301, 316, 318, 324, 331–32
salvation history, 10, 19, 21–23, 26, 34, 58, 76–77, 83, 86–89, 109, 119, 124, 133, 134, 137, 155, 165, 170, 181–82, 213, 236, 294, 325, 321, 143
as distinct from secular history, 22
three-point outline of, 96–87
Samuel (OT books)
1 Samuel, 25, 30, 50–54, 113, 135, 226–28
synopsis of, 30
2 Samuel, 18, 25, 30, 50, 54–57, 107–9, 135, 139, 150, 226–29, 249, 322
synopsis of, 30
Samuel (OT judge), 22, 30, 47, 50–54, 226–27
at establishment of the kingship, 50–51
as prophet, priest, and king, 50
as a type of Christ, 226–27
Satan, 35–36, 84, 92–93, 163, 170, 172, 185, 196, 219, 228, 236–37
choosing of, 51
military victories, 51–52
turns back on God, 52–53
secular humanism, 144
Sennacherib (Assyrian king), 66–67, 282
Seth, 36
Shalmaneser (Assyrian ruler), 65
Shemaiah, 62
Showers, Renald, 121–22
sin, 10, 19, 28–30, 35–38, 40, 43, 48–49, 52–53, 55–56, 76, 80, 88, 91–93, 97, 99–100, 102, 109, 117–18, 126–27, 129, 131, 133–34, 138–39, 144, 146, 164–65, 170, 172, 174, 179, 182–83, 186, 188, 198, 202–8, 213, 216, 224, 229, 244–45, 252, 262, 263, 268, 272, 278–79, 281–82, 294–96, 298, 301, 305, 313, 319, 331–32
reality of sin, 165
removal of, 99–100
Smith, George Adam, 273
Smith, James E., 80, 206, 281, 287
Sodom and Gomorrah, 156, 166, 233
Solomon (OT king), 50–51, 56–57, 61–62, 199, 242, 251, 261, 270
ascends to throne, 30, 57, 229
building of the Temple, 57–58, 108, 110, 194, 231–32, 277, 321
as Christ type, 229–30
as Gospel portrait, 127
idolatry of, 59
Song of Solomon, 24–25, 235, 239, 241, 248, 262–65
prefiguring Christ’s relationship with the Church, 263–64
Southern Kingdom of Judah, 30, 291, 301
Spurgeon, Charles, 101, 117, 170, 179, 186, 228, 264, 289
Stedman, Ray, 12, 15, 188, 198, 202, 221, 247
Stott, John, 208
Strassner, Kurt, 126–27
Strickland, Wayne, 118
Surviving Kingdom: Judah, 35, 66–70
T
Tabernacle, the, 42–43, 58, 99, 139, 181, 192–197, 199, 201–3, 210, 217, 226–27, 229, 232, 277, 320–21
construction of, 42–43, 181, 192, 320
foreshadowing of Christ dwelling with us, 183, 192–94, 196
furnishings of, 192–97
prefigures individual Christians, 193
as a prefiguring of the heavenly temple, 192
Table of Showbread, the, 195, 197
Tamar (daughter-in-law of Judah), 40
Tamar (half-sister of Amon), 56
Temple, the, 1, 30–31, 57–58, 62, 66–70, 75–77, 108, 110, 136, 148, 193–94, 197–98, 210, 226–27, 229, 231–33, 235, 277, 292, 296–97, 299, 311, 313–15, 318–25, 327
rebuilding of, 31, 70, 75–76, 232–33, 314, 320–24
Ten Commandments, the, 14, 42, 51, 99, 109, 192, 197
giving of the, 42
Tertullian (Church father), 152
theologians, 8, 89, 103, 105, 121–23, 135, 148, 157
Theophilus (Church father), 152
Thomas, Derek, 282
Tiglath-Pileser (Assyrian king), 65
Timothy (epistle), 9
1 Timothy, 25
Titus (sacker of the Temple), 315
Tobiah (in Book of Nehemiah), 77
trespass offering, 207, 208, 288
Tyndale, William, 309
typology, 5, 82, 155–57, 172–73, 185
pointing to Christ in the OT, 82, 155–57. See also individual types of Christ
U
Unger, Merrill, 280
United Kingdom (OT historical period), 34, 50–59, 61, 110, 256, 270
Uriah the Hittite, 55
V
VanGemeren, Willem, 230
Van Groningen, Gerard, 94–95, 189, 200, 236–37, 248–49, 255, 320, 321, 331
Vasholz, Robert, 207
von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, 49
W
Waltke, B. K., 22
Walvoord, John, 74, 142–44, 148–49, 176, 179, 211, 222, 272, 310
water from the rock, as a type of Christ, 191
Whyte, Alexander, 304
Wiersbe, Warren, 9, 19, 196–97, 205, 310, 323
Wilkinson, Bruce, 288
Williams, Donald, 143
Williamson, Paul, 100
wisdom books, 24, 26, 241. See also individual wisdom books
Witmer, J. A., 166
Wolf, Herbert, 283
Woods, Julie, 294
Words of Delight, A Literary Introduction to the Bible (Ryken), 242
worship, 29, 42–43, 45, 58, 63, 65–67, 72–73, 102, 130, 159, 165–66, 189, 191, 202–5, 247–48, 256, 323, 325
Y
Young, Edward, 284
Z
Zacharias, Ravi, 18
Zechariah (OT book), 148, 151, 214, 323–25
most messianic book of the OT, 324
Zechariah (prophet), 25–26, 76, 268–70, 320, 323–25
Zedekiah, 69–70
Zephaniah (OT book), 25, 294–96
and Christ’s second coming, 295
Zephaniah, 25–26, 268, 270, 272, 294–96
Zerubbabel, 74–76, 232, 322–23
Zipporah, 41