1. Aristotle’s Cosmology. From Petrus Apianus, Cosmographia per Gemma Phrysius restituta, Antwerp, 1539
2. The Astrolabe
3. Eudoxus’ epicycle theory of planetary motion
4. Ibn al-Shatir’s model for the orbit of Mercury using multiple epicycles
5. The constellation Perseus from Al-Sufi’s Book of the Fixed Stars (The British Library)
6. Diagram of the eye and related nerves, from an eleventh-century manuscript of Ibn al-Haytham’s Book of Optics
7. Diagram of Ibn-al Haytham’s theory of vision, from a fourteenth-century Latin version of his Book of Optics
8. The Peacock Fountain, from Al-Jazari’s Book of Ingenious Mechanical Inventions (Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Golubew
Collection)
9. Page from the sixteenth-century Latin translation of the Canon of Medicine by Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
10a. Diagram illustrating the ‘al-Tusi couple’, from a fifteenth century Arabic commentary on the Compendium of Astronomy by Nasir al Din
al-Tusi
10b. Diagram illustrating planetary motion, from De Revolutionibus by Copernicus.