In the endnotes that follow, I have used the following abbreviations:
MECW: |
Karl Marx, Frederick Engels, Collected Works (forty-seven volumes issued since 1975 by Progress Publishers, Moscow, prepared in collaboration with International Publishers Co. Inc., New York, and Lawrence & Wishart, London). |
RME: |
Reminiscences of Marx and Engels (Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow, no date). |
KMIR: |
Karl Marx: Interviews and Recollections, ed. David McLellan (Macmillan, London, 1981). |
Details of other textual sources are given in the notes themselves.
Page numbers are given below to locate references in the text, rather than note numbers.
1 The Outsider
page
7. ‘Blessed is he … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 21 June 1854.
8. ‘He was a unique, an unrivalled storyteller … ’ From ‘Karl Marx’ by Eleanor Marx, RME, p. 251.
8. ‘She could not countenance her brother … ’ From ‘Meetings with Marx’ by Maxim Kovalevsky in RME, p. 299.
9. ‘We cannot always attain … ’ MECW, Vol. 1, p. 4.
9. ‘The sons had been rabbis for centuries … ’ Eleanor Marx to Wilhelm Liebknecht in Mohr und General: Erinnerungen an Marx und Engels (Dietz Verlag, Berlin, 1965).
9. ‘Within its walls it is burdened … ’ Goethe’s French Campaign, quoted in Karl Marx: Man and Fighter by Boris Nicolaievsky and Otto Maenchen-Helfen (Methuen, London, 1936; revised edition published by Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1973).
11. ‘To the Prussian state, the members of its established religion … ’ From ‘The Baptism of Karl Marx’ by Eugene Kamenka, The Hibbert Journal, Vol. LVI (1958), pp. 340–51.
12. ‘Allow me to note … ’ Letter from Henriette Marx to KM, 29 November 1835.
12. ‘I am being dunned … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 8 January 1863.
14. ‘I found the position of good Herr Wyttenbach … ’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, 18 November 1835.
14. ‘Herr Loers has taken it ill … ’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, 18 November 1835.
14. ‘Social reforms are never carried out … ’ From ‘Speech of Dr Marx on Protection, Free Trade, and the Working Classes’, Northern Star, 9 October 1847.
14. ‘Nine lecture courses seem to me rather a lot … ’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, 18–25 November 1835.
15. ‘Youthful sins in any enjoyment … ’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, early 1836.
15. ‘You must avoid everything that could make things worse … ’ Letter from Henriette Marx to KM, early 1836.
15. ‘He has incurred a punishment … ’ Certificate of Release from Bonn University, 22 August 1836, MECW, Vol. I, pp. 657–8.
16. ‘Is duelling then so closely interwoven with philosophy?’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, about May/June 1836.
17. ‘Every day and on every side I am asked … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Marx, 15 December 1863.
19. ‘His respect for Shakespeare was boundless … ’ From ‘Reminiscences of Marx’ by Paul Lafargue, RME, p. 74.
19. ‘The children are constantly reading Shakespeare … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 10 April 1856.
20. ‘in a perpetual flurry of allusions … ’ From Karl Marx and World Literature by S. S. Prawer (Oxford University Press, 1976), p. 209.
20. ‘There you are before me, large as life … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Marx, 21 June 1856.
21. ‘The mystificatory side of Hegelian dialectic I criticised nearly thirty years ago … ’ Afterword to second German edition of Capital, MECW, Vol. 35, p. 9.
22. ‘Words I teach all mixed up … ’ From ‘On Hegel’ by Karl Marx, MECW, Vol. 1, p. 576.
23. ‘the new immoralists who twist their words … ’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, 9 December 1837.
24. ‘diffuse and inchoate expressions of feeling … ’ Letter from KM to Heinrich Marx, 10–11 November 1837.
26. ‘Hegel remarks somewhere … ’ From the original 1852 text of The Eighteenth Brumaire, MECW, Vol. 11, p. 103.
28. ‘God’s grief!!!’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, 9 December 1837.
29. ‘It should redound to the honour of Prussia … ’ Letter from Heinrich Marx to KM, 2 March 1837.
2 The Little Wild Boar
31. ‘If Marx, Bruno Bauer and Feuerbach come together … ’ Letter from Georg Jung to Arnold Ruge, Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe, I i (2), p. 261
32. ‘As long as a single drop of blood pulses … ’ From The Early Texts by Karl Marx (Oxford University Press, 1971), p. 13.
33. ‘My little heart is so full … ’ Letter from Jenny von Westphalen to KM, 10 August 1841.
34. ‘In a few days I have to go to Cologne … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 20 March 1842.
34. ‘I have abandoned my plan to settle in Cologne … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 27 April 1842.
34. ‘How glad I am that you are happy … ’ Letter from Jenny von Westphalen to KM, 10 August 1841.
35. ‘Since every true philosophy is the intellectual quintessence of its time … ’ Article in Rheinische Zeitung, 14 July 1842, translated in MECW, Vol. 1, p. 195.
36. ‘who think freedom is honoured by being placed in the starry firmament … ’ Article in Rheinische Zeitung, 19 May 1842, translated in MECW, Vol. 1, p. 172.
36. ‘He is a phenomenon … ’ From Briefwechsel by Moses Hess, ed. E. Silberner (The Hague, 1959), translated in KMIR, pp. 2–3.
37. ‘Who runs up next with wild impetuosity?’ From ‘The Insolently Threatened Yet Miraculously Rescued Bible’, published as an anonymous pamphlet in December 1842, translated in MECW, Vol. 2, p. 336.
37. ‘It is easy to overlook the obvious … ’ A lone exception is the great American scholar Hal Draper, who included an amusing endnote on ‘Marx and Pilosity’ in Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution, Volume II: The Politics of Social Classes (Monthly Review Press, New York and London, 1978).
38. ‘London provided the much venerated man with a new, complex arena … ’ From Great Men of the Exile by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, translated in The Cologne Communist Trial (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1971), p. 166.
39. ‘Last Sunday we had a moustache evening … ’ Letter from FE to Marie Engels, 29 October 1840.
40. ‘I subjected this idea to police-examination … ’ Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe, I i (2), p. 257, translated in Karl Marx by Werner Blumenberg (New Left Books, London, 1972).
40. ‘and then suddenly going to another table … ’ From Erlebtes by Karl Heinzen (Boston, Mass, 1874), translated in KMIR, pp. 5–6.
41. ‘the most stupid person of the century … ’ See Against the Current: The Life of Karl Heinzen 1809–80 by Carl Wittke (University of Chicago Press, 1945).
42. ‘The style is the dagger used for a well-aimed thrust … ’ From Karl Marx: Biographical Memoirs by Wilhelm Liebknecht, translated by E. Untermann (London, 1901).
44. ‘The Rheinische Zeitung, which does not even admit … ’ Rheinische Zeitung, 16 October 1842, translated in MECW, Vol. 1, p. 220.
44. ‘I regard it as inappropriate … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 30 November 1842.
44. ‘As editor of the Rheinische Zeitung, I experienced … ’ From A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859), translated in The Portable Karl Marx (Penguin Books, New York, 1983), p. 158.
45. ‘By analogy with this, the legislator would have to draw the conclusion … ’ Rheinische Zeitung, 25 October 1842, translated in MECW, Vol. 1, p. 225.
45. ‘Do not imagine that we on the Rhine live in a political Eldorado … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 9 July 1842.
46. ‘One evening the censor had been invited … ’ From ‘Karl Marx als Mensch’ by Wilhelm Blos, Die Glocke v (1919), translated in KMIR, pp. 3–4.
47. ‘Our newspaper has to be presented to the police to be sniffed at … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 25 January 1843.
48. ‘I had begun to be stifled in that atmosphere … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 25 January 1843.
48. ‘For my sake, my fiancée has fought the most violent battles … ’ Letter from KM to Arnold Ruge, 13 March 1843.
49. ‘Ah, dear, dear sweetheart, now you get yourself involved in politics … ’ Letter from Jenny von Westphalen to KM, 10 August 1841.
50. ‘I entered Jenny’s room one evening … ’ From Red Jenny: A Life with Karl Marx by H. F. Peters (Allen & Unwin, London, 1986).
51. ‘So, sweetheart, since your last letter I have tortured myself … ’ Letter from Jenny von Westphalen to KM, c. 1839–40.
54. ‘The entire German police is at his disposal … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Feuerbach, 3 October 1843.
55. ‘I am glad to have an opportunity of assuring you … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Feuerbach, 11 August 1844.
55. ‘It is now quite plain to me … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 30 July 1862.
56. ‘What is the secular basis of Judaism?’ Karl Marx: Early Writings, translated by Rodney Livingstone and Gregor Benton (Pelican Books, London, 1975), pp. 212–41.
58. ‘Religious suffering is at one and the same time … ’ Karl Marx: Early Writings, translated by Rodney Livingstone and Gregor Benton (Pelican Books, London, 1975), pp. 243–57.
3 The Grass-eating King
62. ‘The bourgeois King’s loss of prestige among the people … ’ From Zwei Jahre in Paris by Arnold Ruge (Leipzig, 1846).
62. ‘Frau Herwegh summed up the situation at first glance … ’ From 1848: Briefe von und an Herwegh, edited by Marcel Herwegh (Munich, 1898), translated in KMIR, pp. 6–7.
62. ‘finishes nothing, breaks off everything … ’ From Arnold Ruges Briefwechsel und Tagebuchblätter aus den Jahren 1825–80, edited by P. Nerrlich (Berlin, 1886), translated in KMIR, pp. 8–9.
63. ‘His wife gave him for his birthday a riding switch … ’ Letter from Arnold Ruge to Julius Fröbel, 4 June 1844.
63. ‘The poor little doll was quite miserable … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to KM, 21 June 1844.
64. ‘Marx was then much more advanced than I was … ’ From Mikhail Bakunin and Karl Marx by K. Kenafick (Melbourne, 1948), p. 25.
65. ‘He loved the poet as much as his works … ’ From KMIR, p. 10.
66. ‘had not other personal differences … ’ From Karl Marx: Man and Fighter by Boris Nicolaievsky and Otto Maenchen-Helfen (Methuen, London, 1936).
66. ‘I was incensed by Herwegh’s way of living … ’ From Arnold Ruges Briefwechsel und Tagebuchblätter aus den Jahren 1825–80, edited by P. Nerrlich (Berlin, 1886), translated in Karl Marx: Man and Fighter.
66. ‘Although the spirit is willing, the flesh is weak … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to KM, 11–18 August 1844.
67. ‘Some would sit on the bed or on the trunks … ’ From Fünfunsiebzig Jahre in der alten und neuen Welt by Heinrich Börnstein (Leipzig, 1881).
68. ‘it represents man’s protest … ’ From ‘Critical Marginal Notes on the Article “The King of Prussia and Social Reform. By a Prussian.”’ Vorwärts!, 7 and 10 August 1844. Translated in MECW, Vol. 3, pp. 189–206.
72. ‘a second Frankenstein on my back … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 4 December 1863.
72. ‘From the front, the man who regales his inner man … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 27 December 1863.
72. ‘Of the many wonderful tales … ’ From ‘Karl Marx: A Few Stray Notes’ by Eleanor Marx, RME, pp. 251–2.
74. ‘Although in political and economic discussion he was not wont to mince his words … ’ From Karl Marx: Biographical Memoirs by Wilhelm Liebknecht, translated by E. Untermann (London, 1901).
76. ‘When I visited Marx in Paris in the summer of 1844 … ’ From ‘On the History of the Communist League’, by FE, 1885, translated in The Cologne Communist Trial (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1971).
76. ‘so pronounced that even in old age … ’ From Friedrich Engels: A Biography by Gustav Mayer, translated by Gilbert and Helen Highet, edited by R. H. S. Crossman (Chapman & Hall, London, 1936).
77. ‘He’s a terribly nice fellow … ’ Letter from FE to Friedrich and Wilhelm Graeber, 1 September 1838.
78. ‘Go home again, exotic guests!’ MECW, Vol. 2, p. 4.
78. ‘It has become clear to me … ’ Letter from FE to Friedrich and Wilhelm Graeber, 17–18 September 1838.
78. ‘It is extraordinarily good … ’ Letter from FE to Friedrich and Wilhelm Graeber, 1 September 1838.
79. ‘What shall I, poor devil, do now?’ Letter from FE to Friedrich Graeber, 8 April 1839.
80. ‘Ha, ha, ha!’ Letter from FE to Friedrich Graeber, 24 April 1839.
81. ‘Masses of refuse, offal and sickening filth … ’ The Condition of the Working Class in England by Friedrich Engels (London, 1892).
83. ‘I simply cannot understand how anyone can be envious of genius … ’ Letter from FE to Eduard Bernstein, 25 October 1881.
85. ‘See to it that the material you’ve collected is soon launched … ’ Letter from FE to KM, beginning of October 1844.
85. ‘I find all this theoretical twaddle daily more tedious … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 19 November 1844.
85. ‘The Critical Criticism has still not arrived!’ Letter from FE to KM, 22 February–7 March 1845.
86. ‘If I get a letter, it’s sniffed all over … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 17 March 1845.
86. ‘pleasantly surprised to find that we have no need to feel ashamed … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 24 April 1867.
4: The Mouse in the Attic
89. ‘If amazement at this peculiar movement makes one think again … ’ Vorwärts!, 17 August 1844, translated in MECW, Vol. 3, pp. 207–210.
91. ‘I fear that in the end you’ll be molested … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 22 February–7 March 1845.
91. ‘Her jam tarts are a sweet and abiding memory … ’ From ‘My Recollections of Karl Marx’ by Marian Comyn, in Nineteenth Century and After, Vol. XCI (1922), pp. 161ff.
92. ‘The little house should do … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to KM, after 24 August 1845.
92. ‘It seemed to me very important … ’ Letter from KM to Karl Leske, 1 August 1846.
93. ‘The chief defect of all previous materialism … ’ From ‘Theses on Feuerbach’ by Karl Marx, MECW, Vol. 5, pp. 3–5.
94. ‘Once upon a time a valiant fellow … ’ The German Ideology by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, MECW, Vol. 5, pp. 19–531.
101. ‘Where among the bourgeoisie … ’ From ‘Critical Marginal Notes on the Article by a Prussian’ by Karl Marx, Vorwärts!, 10 August 1844.
101. ‘If I tell you what kind of life we have been leading here … ’ Letter from Joseph Weydemeyer to Louise Lüning, 2 February 1846, published in the Münchner Post, 30 April 1926.
102. ‘He was now the great man … ’ From ‘On the History of the Communist League’ by Friedrich Engels, MECW, Vol. 26, p. 320.
102. ‘the fellow’s utter lack of respect while he conversed with me … ’ Quoted in To the Finland Station by Edmund Wilson (Macmillan, London, 1972 edition), pp. 193–4.
103. ‘Marx was the type of man … ’ From ‘A Wonderful Ten Years’ by Pavel Annenkov, in RME, pp. 269–72.
105. ‘presents communism as the love-imbued opposite of selfishness … ’ From ‘Circular Against Kriege’ by Marx and Engels, 11 May 1846; translated in MECW, Vol. 6, pp. 35–51.
106. ‘So far as France is concerned … ’ Letter from KM to Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, 5 May 1846.
107. ‘Let us, if you wish, collaborate in trying to discover the laws of society … ’ Confessions d’un révolutionnaire by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (Paris, 1849).
107. ‘Monsieur Proudhon has the misfortune of being peculiarly misunderstood … ’ Misère de La Philosophie by Karl Marx (published by A. Frank, Paris, and C. G. Vogler, Brussels, 1847).
109. ‘Our affair will prosper greatly here … ’ Letter from FE to Communist Correspondence Committee, 19 August 1846.
110. ‘It is disgraceful that one should have to pit oneself … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 18 September 1846.
110. ‘By dint of a little patience and some terrorism … ’ Letter from FE to KM, about 18 October 1846.
111. ‘The stench is like five thousand unaired featherbeds … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 9 March 1847.
111. ‘If at all possible, do come here some time in April … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 9 March 1847.
112. ‘give his word of honour to work loyally … ’ From ‘Rules of the Communist League’, adopted at the First Congress, June 1847.
112. ‘However minor it may be … ’ Letter from KM to Herwegh, 26 October 1847.
112. ‘We have tried on the one hand to refrain from all system-making … ’ From ‘A Circular of the First Congress of the Communist League to the League Members, 9 June 1847’, translated in MECW, Vol. 6, p. 589.
5 The Frightful Hobgoblin
115. ‘Question 1: Are you a Communist?’ From ‘Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith’ by Friedrich Engels, MECW, Vol. 6, pp. 96–103.
116. ‘Completely unopposed, I got them to entrust me … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 25–26 October 1847.
117. ‘What is communism?’ From ‘Principles of Communism’, by Friedrich Engels, MECW, Vol. 6, pp. 341–57.
117. ‘Marx was a born leader of the people … ’ From ‘Before 1848 and After’ by Friedrich Lessner, in RME, pp. 149–66.
118. ‘aims at the emancipation of humanity … ’ From Gründungsdokumente des Bundes der Kommunisten (Juni bis September 1847), edited by Bert Andreas (Hamburg, 1969).
118. ‘The aim of the League is the overthrow of the bourgeoisie … ’ From Die Communisten-Verschwörungen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts by Karl Wermuth and Wilhelm Stieber (Berlin, 1853).
119. ‘The Central Committee charges its regional committee … ’ Quoted in The Communist Manifesto of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, edited by David Ryazanov (Russell & Russell, New York, 1963).
120. ‘a lyrical celebration of bourgeois works … ’ From All That is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity by Marshall Berman (Verso, London, 1982).
125. ‘Our age, the age of democracy, is breaking … ’ Deutsche-Brüsseler-Zeitung, 27 February 1848.
126. ‘What an ass Flocon is!’ Letter from FE to KM, 15 November 1847.
126. ‘Good and loyal Marx … ’ MECW, Vol. 6, p. 649.
127. ‘The German workers [in Brussels] decided to arm themselves … ’ From ‘Short Sketch of an Eventful Life’ by Jenny Marx, RME, p. 223.
127. ‘When Jenny appeared in court the next day … ’ See ‘To the Editor of the Northern Star’ by Friedrich Engels, Northern Star, 25 March 1848, and letter from Karl Marx in La Réforme, 8 March 1848.
131. ‘There’s damned little prospect for the shares here … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 25 April 1848.
131. ‘The most bitter complaints about Marx came from Engels … ’ From Erinnerungen eines Achtundvierzigers by Stephan Born (Leipzig, 1898), translated in KMIR, p. 16.
133. ‘For a fortnight Germany has had a Constituent National Assembly … ’ Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 1 June 1848.
135. ‘He could not have been much more than thirty years old … ’ The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz (London, 1909), Vol. 1, p. 138.
136. ‘A characteristic feature of the Rhineland … ’ Reported in the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 13 September 1848.
137. ‘Indescribable rejoicing broke out … ’ Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 9 September 1848.
138. ‘Name: Friedrich Engels; occupation: merchant … ’ Kölnische Zeitung, 4 October 1848.
138. ‘It is clear from this that the Belgian government … ’ Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 12 October 1848.
139. ‘this newspaper, with its inventive maliciousness … ’ Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 29 October 1848.
140. ‘What country in Europe can compare with France … ’ From ‘From Paris to Berne’ by Friedrich Engels, MECW, Vol. 7, pp. 507–29.
140. ‘I am truly amazed that you should still not have received any money … ’ Letter from KM to FE, first half of November 1848.
141. ‘I have devised an infallible plan … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 29 November 1848.
142. ‘The overthrow of the bourgeoisie in France … ’ From ‘The Revolutionary Movement’, Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 1 January 1849.
144. ‘In political trials the government nowadays has no luck … ’ Deutsche Londoner Zeitung, 16 February 1849.
144. ‘becoming increasingly more audacious now that he has been acquitted … ’ Letter from Colonel Engels to Oberpräsident Eichmann, 17 February 1849.
145. ‘Relaxation of discipline must have gone very far … ’ Letter from KM to Colonel Engels, 3 March 1849; see also letter from FE to Karl Kautsky, 2 December 1885.
146. ‘Wonder was expressed … ’ From ‘Marx and the Neue Rheinische Zeitung’, by Frederick Engels, published in Der Sozialdemokrat, 13 March 1884.
147. ‘that the much-vaunted bravery under fire is quite the most ordinary quality … ’ Letter from FE to Jenny Marx, 25 July 1849.
147. ‘For all that, never has a colossal eruption … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 7 June 1849.
147. ‘If my wife were not in an état par trop intéressant … ’ Letter from KM to FE, late July 1849.
148. ‘I need hardly say that I shall not consent to this veiled attempt on my life … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 23 August 1849.
148. ‘all Aliens who are now on board my said ship … ’ HO 3/53, Public Record Office, London.
148. ‘You must leave for London at once … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 23 August 1849.
6 The Megalosaurus
149. ‘Implacable November weather … ’ Bleak House by Charles Dickens (Chapman & Hall, London, 1853), p. 1.
150. ‘Sur, May we beg and beseech … ’ The Times, 5 July 1849.
151. ‘I am now in a really difficult situation … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Freiligrath, 5 September 1849.
153. ‘in view of the inimical relations … ’ Letter from KM to Louis Bauer, 30 November 1849.
153. ‘all in all, things are going quite well here … ’ Letter from FE to Jakob Lukas Schabelitz, 22 December 1849.
153. ‘Herr Heinzen, so far from serving as a shining light … ’ Northern Star, 1 December 1849.
154. ‘I did not know what a private parlour was … ’ From Karl Marx: Biographical Memoirs by Wilhelm Liebknecht, translated by E. Untermann (London, 1901).
156. ‘The Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politisch-ökonomische Revue … ’ Westdeutsche Zeitung, 8 January 1850.
156. ‘I have little doubt that by the time … ’ Letter from KM to Joseph Weydemeyer, 19 December 1849.
156. ‘What succumbed in these defeats was not the revolution … ’ From ‘The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850’, translated in MECW, Vol. 10, pp. 47–145.
157. ‘the whole was tactfully seasoned with pungent attacks … ’ From Karl Marx: A Study in Fanaticism by E. H. Carr (J. M. Dent & Sons, London, 1934).
157. ‘I beg you to send us as soon as possible any money … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Joseph Weydemeyer, 20 May 1850.
157. ‘Pray do not be offended by my wife’s agitated letters … ’ Letter from KM to Joseph Weydemeyer, 27 June 1850.
158. ‘Let me describe for you, as it really was, just one day in our lives … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Joseph Weydemeyer, 20 May 1850.
160. ‘My husband and all the rest of us have missed you sorely … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to FE, 2 December 1850.
161. ‘I am writing today just to tell you … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 25 November 1850.
161. ‘With such a salary, all should be well … ’ Letter from FE to KM, c. 6July 1851.
161. ‘last year, thank God, I gobbled up half of my old man’s profits … ’ FE to KM, 10 March 1853.
161. ‘Really, Sir, we should never have thought … ’ Spectator, 15 June 1850.
163. ‘The murder of Princes is formally taught and discussed … ’ FO 64/317, Public Record Office, London.
163. ‘this report is oddly convincing … ’ Marx by Robert Payne (W. H. Allen, London, 1968).
166. ‘A complete office has now been set up in our house … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Adolf Cluss, 30 October 1852.
167. ‘A few minutes before, he was laughing and joking … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 19 November 1850.
167. ‘For two whole days … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 23 November 1850.
168. ‘For the letter you wrote yesterday … ’ Letter from KM to Eduard von Müller-Tellering, 12 March 1850.
170. ‘He leads the existence of a real bohemian intellectual … ’ Report of anonymous German police spy, in KMIR, pp. 34–6.
171. ‘I know from General [Engels] himself that Freddy Demuth is Marx’s son … ’ Original in International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam; first published in Karl Marx by Werner Blumenberg (Rowohlt, 1962; English edition published by Verso, London, 1972).
173. ‘there can be no reasonable doubt that he [Freddy] was Marx’s son … ’ From Eleanor Marx: Volume One, Family Life 1855–1883 by Yvonne Kapp (Lawrence and Wishart, London, 1972).
173. ‘possibly by Nazi agents … ’ Friedrich Engels: His Life and Thought by Terrell Carver (Macmillan, London and Basingstoke, 1989).
174. ‘Research into the life of Frederick Demuth and of his relations … ’ Letter from Terrell Carver, Sunday Times, London, 27 June 1982.
176. ‘I, of course, would make a joke of the whole dirty business … ’ Letter from KM to Joseph Weydemeyer, 2 August 1851.
177. ‘If only there were some means … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 20 April 1852.
181. ‘Byron and Leibniz rolled into one … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 22 April 1854.
181. ‘I can’t conceive what you still need him for … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 1 June 1853.
181. ‘he kept his rendezvous with the old cow … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 13 February 1856.
181. ‘her entire person green … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 10 April 1856.
182. ‘I am, hélas, once again saddled with Pieper … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 27 July 1854.
182. ‘It transpired that his “indispensability” was merely a figment … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 23 April 1857.
182. ‘The combination of dilettantism and sententiousness … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 7 January 1858.
183. ‘I find myself in a fix … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 21 June 1854.
184. ‘The sea is doing my wife a lot of good … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 13 August 1858.
184. ‘I for my part wouldn’t care a damn about living in Whitechapel … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 15 July 1858.
184. ‘It is true my house is beyond my means … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 31 July 1865.
185. ‘Though I’ve racked my brains … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 16 July 1858.
185. ‘I wish some of our lads in London … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 11 January 1853.
186. ‘I would long ago have been obliged … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Kugelmann, 25 October 1866.
186. ‘Engels really has too much work … ’ Letter from KM to Adolf Cluss, 18 October 1853.
187. ‘The Parliamentary debates of the week offer but little of interest … ’ New York Daily Tribune, 15 March 1853.
187. ‘Days of general election … ’ New York Daily Tribune, 4 September 1852.
187. ‘There is something in human history like retribution … ’ New York Daily Tribune, 16 September 1857.
187. ‘What he aims at is not the substance … ’ New York Daily Tribune, 19 October 1853.
188. ‘so far advanced that I will have finished … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 2 April 1851.
188. ‘Marx lives a very retired life … ’ Letter from Wilhelm Pieper to FE, 27 January 1851.
188. ‘The material I am working on is so damnably involved … ’ Letter from KM to Joseph Weydemeyer, 27 June 1851.
189. ‘Well, our friend Dakyns is a sort of Felix Holt … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Marx (daughter), 10 June 1869.
189. ‘The process of curing these stockfish … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Marx, 11 June 1852.
190. ‘I await your answer by return of post … ’ Letter from KM to J. G. Kinkel, 22 July 1852.
190. ‘If you believe that you can … provide proof … ’ Letter from J. G. Kinkel to KM, 24 July 1852.
191. ‘Your letter – and this is precisely why it was provoked … ’ Letter from KM to J. G. Kinkel, 24 July 1852.
191. ‘The cream of the jest … ’ Letter from KM to Adolf Cluss, 30 July 1852.
192. ‘used to enjoy flirting with this old he-goat … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 22 May 1852.
192. ‘and should my explanation not suffice … ’ Letter from KM to Baron A. von Brüningk, 18 October 1852.
192. ‘Should this letter cause you offence … ’ Letter from KM to Karl Eduard Vehse, end of November 1852.
193. ‘I am engaged in a fight to the death with the sham liberals.’ Letter from KM to Karl Eduard Vehse, end of November 1852.
193. ‘The democratic simpletons … ’ Letter from KM to Joseph Weydemeyer, 27 June 1851.
194. ‘No running around, no advertisement … ’ From The Great Men of the Exile by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, in The Cologne Communist Trial (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1971), p. 167.
196. ‘Your prediction that we will get the Charter … ’ Letter from George Julian Harney to FE, 30 March 1846.
196. ‘in for a surprise when once the Chartists make a start … ’ Letter from FE to Emil Blank, 15 April 1848.
198. ‘impressionable, that is, to famous names … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 23 February 1851.
198. ‘I am fatigué of this public incense … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 11 February 1851.
198. ‘I find this inanity and want of tact … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 13 February 1851.
199. ‘who should arrive but our Dear … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 24 February 1851.
200. ‘more of a Frenchman than an Englishman … ’ See letter from George Julian Harney to FE, 30 March 1846.
200. ‘After the experiments which undermined universal suffrage … ’ From Neue Oder-Zeitung, 8 June 1855.
201. ‘There is one great fact … ’ Speech delivered by KM on 14 April 1856, published in the People’s Paper, 19 April 1856.
202. ‘Provided nothing untoward happens … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 30 July 1851.
202. ‘the very pleasing prospect of a trade crisis … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 31 July 1851.
202. ‘In six months’ time the circumnavigation of the world … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 23 September 1851.
202. ‘The iron trade is totally paralysed … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 15 October 1851.
203. ‘From what Engels tells me … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Freiligrath, 27 December 1851.
203. ‘In England our movement can progress only under the Tories … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 23 February 1852.
203. ‘One is almost tempted to forecast … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 20 April 1852.
204. ‘The state of the winter crops … [etc.]’ See Letters from KM to FE, 29 January 1853, 10 March 1853, 28 September 1853.
204. ‘We were spectators from beginning to end … ’ Neue Oder-Zeitung, 28 June 1855.
204. ‘At once the constabulary rushed from ambush … ’ Neue Oder-Zeitung, 5 July 1855.
205. ‘a new, splendid proof of the indestructible thoroughness … ’ Die Presse (Vienna), 2 February 1862.
205. ‘The Englishman first needs a revolutionary education … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 27 July 1866.
206. ‘the preoccupation with gardening … ’ From Man and the Natural World: Changing Attitudes in England 1500–1800 by Keith Thomas (Allen Lane, London, 1983), p. 240.
206. ‘the English proletariat is actually becoming more and more bourgeois … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 7 October 1858.
207. ‘Drat the British!’ Letter from KM to Eleanor Marx, 9 January 1883.
207. ‘To most of his adherents … ’ From David Urquhart: Some Chapters in the Life of a Victorian Knight Errant of Justice and Liberty by Gertrude Robinson (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1920).
208. ‘This chap went to Greece … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 10 March 1853.
209. ‘In the Advertiser four letters by D. Urquhart … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 August 1853.
210. ‘He is an utter maniac … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 9 February 1854.
211. ‘I do not wish to be numbered … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Lassalle.
211. ‘The Urquhartites are being damned importunate … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Marx, 8 August 1856.
212. ‘The institute of Marxism – Leninism in Moscow omitted them … ’ The offending texts were left out of both the German and Russian collected works, but did finally appear in and English edition – though only as recently as 1986, and after many years of tenacious argument between the British editors and the authorities in Moscow.
212. ‘Did you overlook, in one of the Guardians you sent me … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 5 March 1858.
212. ‘an Eastern palace, with a Turkish bath … ’ In the Days of the Dandies, by Lord Lamington (London, 1890).
8 The Hero on Horseback
215. ‘Unfortunately of the “sex” par excellence … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 17 January 1855.
216. ‘a friend who was more dear to me … ’ Letter from KM to Amalie Daniels, 6 September 1855.
216. ‘Though my heart is bleeding … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 30 March 1855.
217. ‘I’ve already had my share of bad luck … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 12 April 1855.
217. ‘the region round Soho Square … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 13 February 1863.
217. ‘Bacon says that really important people … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Lassalle, 28 July 1855.
218. ‘I have been compelled by force supérieure to evacuate … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 11 September 1855.
220. ‘It is indeed a princely dwelling … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Louise Weydemeyer, 11 March 1861.
220. ‘Moor was admittedly a splendid horse … ’ From ‘Karl Marx: A Few Stray Notes’ by Eleanor Marx, in RME, pp. 250–1.
222. ‘The clouds gathering over the money-market … ’ Letter from FE to KM, after 27 September 1856.
222. ‘So here I am, without any prospects … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 20 January 1857.
222. ‘I had believed that everything was going splendidly … ’ Letter from FE to KM, c. 22 January 1857.
223. ‘Our attractive little house … ’ From ‘Short Sketch of an Eventful Life’ by Jenny Marx, translated in RME, pp. 229–30.
224. ‘They are in effect cutting me down … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 24 March 1857.
224. ‘What am I to tell him?’ Letter from KM to FE, 29 June 1857.
224. ‘As to the Delhi affair … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 15 August 1857.
225. ‘The general appearance of the [Cotton] Exchange here was truly delightful … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 15 November 1857.
225. ‘Another fortnight, and the dance will really be in full swing … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 7 December 1857.
225. ‘It’s a case of do or die … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 15 November 1857.
226. ‘After all, we want to show the Prussian cavalry a thing or two … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 11 February 1858.
226. ‘I try to avoid mentioning the matter to you … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 5 January 1858.
227. ‘mere lemonade on the one hand … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 8 December 1857.
227. ‘for the benefit of the public it is absolutely essential … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 December 1857.
230. ‘provided one has the time and money … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 1 February 1858.
231. ‘He [Lassalle] seems to see himself quite differently … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 5 March 1856.
232. ‘I carefully perused your Heraclitus … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 31 May 1858.
232. ‘The work I am presently concerned with … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 22 February 1858.
232. ‘Alas, we are so used to these excuses … ’ Letter from FE to Nikolai Danielson, 13 November 1885.
233. ‘my sickness always originates in the mind … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 19 October 1867.
233. ‘the worsening of his condition is largely attributable … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to FE, 9 April 1858.
233. ‘Moor has been out riding … ’ Letter from FE to Jenny Marx, 11 May 1858.
234. ‘Since the all but completed manuscript of the first volume … ’ Letter from KM to Carl Friedrich Julius Leske, 1 August 1846.
234. ‘Now let me tell you how my political economy is coming on … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 22 February 1858.
234. ‘I don’t suppose anyone has ever written about “money” when so short … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 21 January 1859.
235. ‘it will be weeks before I am able to send it … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 22 October 1858.
235. ‘the most appalling toothache … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 10 November 1858.
235. ‘All that I was concerned with was the form … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 12 November 1858.
236. ‘My wife is quite right … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 11 December 1858.
236. ‘The manuscript amounts to about twelve sheets … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 13–15 January 1859.
236. ‘The general result at which I arrived … ’ From ‘Preface to A Critique of Political Economy’ by Karl Marx, translated in MESW, Vol. 1, pp. 361ff.
238. ‘overcome by a kind of cholera … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 22 July 1859.
238. ‘The secret hopes we had long nourished … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to FE, 23 or 24 December 1859.
239. ‘First we drank port, then claret … ’ From Mein Prozess gegen die Allgemeine Zeitung by Karl Vogt (Geneva, 1859), translated in KMIR, pp. 17–19.
242. ‘By means of an ingenious system of concealed plumbing … ’ From Herr Vogt by Karl Marx, in MECW, Vol. 17, p. 243.
243. ‘A circumstance that has been of great help to me … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 28 November 1860.
244. ‘I became hourly more ill … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Louise Weydemeyer, 11 March 1861.
245. ‘I am as tormented as Job … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 January 1861.
246. ‘eternally smiling and grinning … ’ Letter from KM to Antoinette Philips, 24 March 1861.
247. ‘If I were quite free … ’ Letter from KM to Antoinette Philips, 13 April 1861.
247. ‘I myself feel small longing for the fatherland … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to FE, beginning of April 1861.
247. ‘a very distinguished lady, no bluestocking … ’ Letter from KM to Antoinette Philips, 24 March 1861.
247. ‘It is now quite plain to me … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 30 July 1862.
248. ‘The fact that I have already spent what I brought back … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 19 June 1861.
249. ‘Every day my wife says she wishes she and the children were safely in their graves … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 June 1862.
250. ‘Since I last saw him a year ago he’s gone quite mad … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 30 July 1862.
250. ‘He was almost crushed under the weight of the fame … ’ From ‘Short Sketch of an Eventful Life’ by Jenny Marx, translated in RME, p. 234.
251. ‘Is there to be an outright split between us … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 7 November 1862.
251. ‘which perhaps you’d have to envy me!’ Letter from Lassalle to Bismarck, 8 June 1863, translated in Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution, Volume IV: Critique of Other Socialisms by Hal Draper (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1990), p. 55.
253. ‘Such a thing could only happen to Lassalle … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 4 September 1864.
253. ‘Heaven knows, our ranks are being steadily depleted … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 7 September 1864.
253. ‘he died young, at a time of triumph … ’ Letter from KM to Sophie von Hatzfeldt, 12 September 1864.
254. ‘A fine Christmas show … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 24 December 1862.
254. ‘If only I knew how to start some sort of business!’ Letter from KM to FE, 20 August 1862.
254. ‘It is a curious and not unmeaning circumstance … ’ From ‘The Socialism of Karl Marx and the Young Hegelians’ by John Rae, Contemporary Review vol. XL, October 1881, p. 585.
254. ‘too scientific for the English Review-reader … ’ Letter from KM to Collet Dobson Collet, 6 September 1871.
255. ‘cheap publications containing the wildest and most anarchical doctrines … ’ The Times, 2 September 1851.
255. ‘In May 1869 he joined the Royal Society … ’ See ‘The “Red Doctor” Amongst the Virtuosi: Karl Marx and the Society’ by D. G. C. Allan, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, Vol. 129 (1981), pp. 259–61 and 309–311.
256. ‘Of all dreary concerns a conversazione certainly is the dreariest … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx (daughter) to FE, 2 July 1869.
257. ‘Now we had enough of our “beer trip” … ’ From Karl Marx: Biographical Memories by Wilhelm Liebknecht, translated by E. Untermann (London, 1901).
258. ‘by 1860 Marx was not interested in acquiring English disciples … ’ From ‘The Introduction and Critical Reception of Marxist Thought in Britain, 1850–1900’ by Kirk Willis, The Historical Journal, 20, 2 (1977), pp. 417 459.
258. ‘I myself, by the by, am working away hard … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 June 1862.
259. ‘I was delighted to see from your letter … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Kugelmann, 28 December 1862.
9 The Bulldogs and the Hyena
263. ‘Dear Marx, You will find it quite in order … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 13 January 1863.
264. ‘It was very wrong of me to write you that letter … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 24 January 1863.
265. ‘Thank you for being so candid … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 26 January 1863.
265. ‘Fate laid claim to one of our family … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 2 December 1863.
266. ‘all my books furniture and effects … ’ From ‘Last will and testament of Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Wolff’, Manchester Probate Court, Register No. 1 (1864), Folio 606.
267. ‘Your philistine on the spree … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 25 July 1864.
268. ‘I have, which will surprise you not a little, been speculating … ’ Letter from KM to Lion Philips, 25 June 1864.
268. ‘had I had the money during the past ten days … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 4 July 1864.
268. ‘Salut, ô connétable de Saint Pancrace!’ Letter from FE to KM, 28 June 1868.
269. ‘I should tell them that I was a foreigner … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 27 June 1868.
271. ‘M. Adolphe Bartels claims that public life is finished for him … ’ From ‘Remarks on the Article by M. Adolphe Bartels’ by Karl Marx, Deutsche-Brüsseler-Zeitung, 19 December 1847.
272. ‘whereas you are a poet, I am a critic … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Freiligrath, 29 February 1860.
273. ‘When you come back to England from any foreign country … ’ From The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English Genius by George Orwell (Secker & Warburg, London, 1941).
273. ‘People are beginning to understand … ’ Northern Star, 19 June 1847.
274. ‘As soon as the Hyena entered the brewery … ’ For accounts of the Haynau affair, see The Chartist Challenge: A Portrait of George Julian Harney by A. R. Schoyen (Heinemann, London, 1958); A History of the Chartist Movement by Julius West (Constable, London, 1920); The Common People 1746–1938 by G. D. H. Cole and Raymond Postgate (Methuen, London, 1938); and Harney’s editorial in Red Republican, 14 September 1850.
275. ‘a curious amalgam of political and industrial action … ’ From The Age of Capital 1848–1875 by E. J. Hobsbawm (Abacus, London, 1977), pp. 134–5.
275. ‘the working men themselves spoke very well indeed … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 9 April 1863.
275. ‘Marx’s contempt for humanity … ’ From Marx by Robert Payne (W. H. Allen, London, 1968), p. 322.
276. ‘Marx’s sceptical view of the proletariat’s ability … ’ From The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx by Shlomo Avineri (Cambridge University Press, 1968), p. 63.
276. ‘You will search the works of Marx … ’ For a thorough dissection of Avineri’s errors, see the appendix to Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution – Volume II: The Politics of Social Classes by Hal Draper (Monthly Review Press, New York, 1978), pp. 635ff.
277. ‘The author of this article is himself a worker … ’ From the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, Politisch-ökonomische Revue, Nos. 5–6, 1850.
278. ‘the most tragic thing … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 9 February 1859.
278. ‘is again going to pieces in his sweatshop … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 May 1859.
279. ‘By way of demonstration against the French monsieurs … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 26 September 1866.
279. ‘Citizen Marx did not think there was anything to fear … ’ All quotations from the minutes are taken from The General Council of the First International, a five-volume collection of the Council’s record-books, published by Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow.
281. ‘a fearfully cliché-ridden, badly written and totally unpolished preamble … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 4 November 1864.
284. ‘That damned boy Lafargue … ’ Letter from KM to Laura Marx, 20 March 1866.
284. ‘our friend Lafargue, and others who had abolished nationalities … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 20 June 1866.
285. ‘What a waste of time!’ Letter from KM to FE, 13 March 1865.
285. ‘Moor’s life without the International would be a diamond ring … ’ Letter from FE to Laura Lafargue (née Marx), 24 June 1883
285. ‘I have always half-expected that the naïve fraternité … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 12 April 1865.
286. ‘There is nothing I can do in Prussia at the moment … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Kugelmann, 23 February 1865.
287. ‘If we succeed in re-electrifying the political movement … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 1 May 1865.
289. ‘For two months I have been living solely on the pawnshop … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 31 July 1865.
290. ‘My dear Lafargue … ’ Letter from KM to Paul Lafargue, 13 August 1866.
291. ‘Lafargue has the blemish customarily found in the negro tribe … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 11 November 1882.
291. ‘You know that I have sacrificed my whole fortune … ’ Letter from KM to Paul Lafargue, 13 August 1866.
291. ‘a great relief for the entire household … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 6 March 1868.
291. ‘At the wedding lunch Engels cracked so many jokes … ’ See letter from Laura Lafargue to FE, 6 March 1893, in the Engels-Lafargue Correspondence, Vol. III, pp. 246–7.
291. ‘As I am in the habit of keeping in the background … ’ Letter from Laura Marx to FE, 16 October 1893, in the Engels-Lafargue Correspondence, Vol. III, p. 304.
292. ‘In all these struggle we women have the harder part … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Wilhelm Liebknecht, 26 May 1872.
293. ‘Opposite the window and on either side of the fireplace … ’ From ‘Reminiscences of Marx’ by Paul Lafargue, in RME, p. 73.
294. ‘What swine they are!’ Letter from KM to FE, 22 June 1867.
295. ‘I can also hardly leave my family in their present situation … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 2 April 1867.
295. ‘What was keeping this beautiful creature so spellbound … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 13 April 1867.
296. ‘he understands, and he is a really excellent man … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 24 April 1867.
298. ‘and then the torments of family life … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 7 May 1867.
298. ‘my children are obliged to invite some other girls for dancing … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 22 June 1867.
298. ‘So, this volume is finished. I owe it to you alone … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 16 August 1867.
299. ‘I only got as far as page two … ’ Conversations by Kenneth Harris (Hodder & Stoughton, London, 1967), p. 268. Wilson repeated the claim in an interview with The Times, 2 August 1976.
300. ‘Pauperism forms a condition of capitalist production … ’ From Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Vol. 1, by Karl Marx, translated by Ben Fowkes (Pelican Books, London, in association with New Left Review, 1976), p. 797.
300. ‘It follows therefore that in proportion as capital accumulates … ’ Ibid. p. 799.
301. ‘It must be borne in mind … ’ Main Currents of Marxism: Its Rise, Growth and Dissolution, Vol. 1, by Leszek Kolakowski (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1978), p. 291.
301. ‘As an interpretation of economic phenomena … ’ Ibid., p. 329.
302. ‘As the exchangeable values of commodities … ’ Lectures by Karl Marx to the General Council of the First International, 20 and 27 June 1865, published as the pamphlet Value, Price and Profit, edited by Eleanor Marx-Aveling (London, 1898).
304. ‘the bourgeois science of economics had reached the limits … ’ Afterword to the second German edition of Capital, 1873.
306. ‘Now it is true that the tailoring … ’ Capital, Vol. 1, pp. 142–3.
307. ‘L—d! said my mother, what is all this story about?’ From The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gent. by Laurence Sterne, in The Works of Laurence Sterne, Vol. 1 (Bickers & Son, London, 1885).
308. ‘broke with the tradition of contemporary writing … ’ Laurence Sterne: A Fellow of Infinite Jest by Thomas Yoseloff (Francis Aldor, London, 1948), p. 87.
308. ‘A philosopher produces ideas, a poet poems … ’ MECW, Vol. 30, pp. 306–310.
310. ‘The meaning of the impersonal-looking formulas … ’ To the Finland Station by Edmund Wilson (Macmillan, London, 1972), pp. 340–2.
310. ‘the author’s views may be as pernicious as we conceive them to be … ’ Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, London, 18 January 1868.
311. ‘we do not suspect that Karl Marx has much to teach us … ’ Contemporary Review, London, June 1868.
312. ‘The thing would have looked somewhat like a school textbook … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 16 June 1867.
312. ‘How could you leave the outward structure … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 23 August 1867.
312. ‘Please be so good as to tell your good wife … ’ Letter from KM to Kugelmann, 30 November 1867.
312. ‘My sickness always originates in the mind.’ Letter from KM to FE, 19 October 1867.
313. ‘The main thing is that the book should be discussed … ’ Letter from FE to Ludwig Kugelmann, 8 and 20 November 1867.
313. ‘There can be few books that have been written in more difficult circumstances … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Ludwig Kugelmann, 24 December 1867.
313. ‘You can have no idea of the delight … ’ Ibid.
11 The Rogue Elephant
316. ‘The struggle between the two lies at the very heart and core of all debates … ’ Karl Marx: A Political Biography by Fritz J. Raddatz, translated by Richard Barry (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1978), p. 207.
316. ‘the man of generous, uncontrollable impulses … ’ Karl Marx by E. H. Carr (J. M. Dent & Sons, London, 1934), p. 224.
316. ‘Bakunin differed from Marx as poetry differs from prose … ’ Karl Marx: His Life and Environment by Isaiah Berlin (Butterworth, London, 1939), p. 79.
317. ‘I am now at the head of a communist secret society … ’ From Archives Bakounine, edited by A. Lehning (International Institute for Social History, Amsterdam, 1967).
317. ‘Bakunin is our friend … ’ From ‘Democratic Pan-Slavism’ by Friedrich Engels, Neue Rheinische Zeitung, 15 February 1849.
318. ‘Bakunin has become a monster … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 12 September 1863.
318. ‘I must say I liked him very much … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 4 November 1864.
320. ‘Bakunin assured him that the International was an excellent institution … ’ From Michael Bakunin by E. H. Carr (Vintage Books, New York, 1961).
321. ‘Whatever turn the impending horrid war may take … ’ From an address ‘To the Members of the International Working Men’s Association in Europe and the United States’, published by the IWMA, July 1870.
321. ‘John Stuart Mill sent a message of congratulation … ’ General Council minutes, 22 August 1870.
321. ‘would naturally have serious consequences … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Lassalle, 4 February 1859.
322. ‘I have been totally unable to sleep … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 17 August 1870.
322. ‘I wish this because the definite defeat of Bonaparte … ’ Letter from KM to Paul and Laura Lafargue, 28 July 1870.
322. ‘All the French, even the tiny number of better ones … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to FE, 10 August 1870.
322. ‘My confidence in the military achievements of the Germans grows daily … ’ Letter from FE to KM, 31 July 1870.
322. ‘One cannot conceal from oneself … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 8 August 1870.
323. ‘we were not mistaken as to the vitality … ’ From an Address ‘To the Members of the International Working Men’s Association in Europe and the United States’, published by the IWMA, September 1870.
323. ‘What the Prussian jackasses do not see … ’ Letter from KM to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 1 September 1870.
325. ‘an impudent forgery … ’ The Times, 22 March 1871.
325. ‘You must not believe a word of all the stuff you get to see … ’ Letter from KM to Wilhelm Liebknecht, 6 April 1871.
326. ‘What resilience, what historical initiative … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Kugelmann, 12 April 1871.
326. ‘Marx’s personal ambivalence to the Commune … ’ See, for example, Karl Marx: A Biography by David McLellan, p. 359.
326. ‘The present state of things causes our dear Moor intense suffering … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx (daughter) to the Kugelmanns, 18 April 1871.
328. ‘A master in small state roguery … ’ From The Civil War in France (Edward Truelove, London, June 1871).
332. ‘a man of domineering disposition … ’ From ‘The International: addressed to the Working Class’ by Joseph Mazzini, Contemporary Review, XX (July 1872), 155.
333. ‘a fair day’s wage for a fair day’s work … ’ The Times, 16 April 1872.
333. ‘Little as we saw or heard openly … ’ From ‘The Commune of 1871’ by E.B.M., Fraser’s Magazine, June 1871.
333. ‘We would venture to set that undistinguished shop … ’ The Tablet, 15 July 1871.
333. ‘perhaps the most significant and ominous of the political signs … ’ Spectator, 17 June 1871.
333. ‘It is true, no doubt, that the secretary of that body … ’ From ‘The proletariat on a false scent’ by W. R. Greg, Quarterly Review, CXXXII (January 1872), p. 133.
334. ‘I have the honour to be at this moment … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Kugelmann, 18 June 1871.
334. ‘Sir, From the Paris correspondence … ’ Pall Mall Gazette, 9 June 1871.
335. ‘I declare you to be a libeller … ’ Pall Mall Gazette, 3 July 1871.
335. ‘It was comfort personified … ’ The World, New York, 18 July 1871.
338. ‘It was hard work … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Marx, 23 September 1871.
340. ‘This whole Jewish world which constitutes a single exploiting sect … ’ From Archives Bakounine, translated in Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution, Volume IV: Critique of Other Socialisms, p. 296.
341. ‘The International is undergoing the most serious crisis … ’ From Les Prétendues Scissions Dans L’Internationale (Co-operative Press, Geneva, 1872).
342. ‘If that is correct, then his family will have no worries … ’ From Een Zesdaagsch International Debat (Dordrecht, 1872), translated in KMIR, pp. 114–15.
342. ‘the public is not even allowed a look … ’ Nicolaievsky and Maenchen-Helfen, p. 382.
342. ‘the tinkling of the President’s bell … ’ The Times, 7 September 1872.
343. ‘At last we have had a real session of the International congress … ’ Nicolaievsky and Maenchen-Helfen, p. 384.
344. ‘It was a coup d’état … ’ From Report of the Fifth Annual General Congress of the International Working Men’s Association held at the Hague, Holland, 2–9 September 1872 by Maltman Barry (London, 1873).
344. ‘I am so overworked … ’ Letter from KM to Nikolai Danielson, 28 May 1872.
345. ‘I can hardly wait for the next congress … ’ Letter from KM to César de Paepe, 28 May 1872.
345. ‘This simple law must be the basis of our activity … ’ Violence dans la violence: le débat Bakounine-Necaev by Michael Confino (Maspero, Paris, 1973), p. 88; see also Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution, Volume IV: Critique of Other Socialisms, p. 302.
349. ‘He is always healthy, vigorous, cheerful … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 20 or 21 January 1877.
350. ‘Longuet is a very gifted man … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx to Wilhelm Liebknecht, 26 May 1872.
350. ‘Though I drudge like a nigger … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx (daughter) to Eleanor Marx, 10 April 1882, quoted in Eleanor Marx, Volume I: Family Life 1855–1883 by Yvonne Kapp (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1972), p. 240.
351. ‘Before they gave evidence … ’ From Autobiographic Memoirs by Frederic Harrison (London, 1911), Vol. II, p. 33.
351. ‘who cheated me and others … ’ Letter from KM to Friedrich Adolphe Sorge, 4 August 1874.
352. ‘Longuet as the last Proudhonist and Lafargue as the last Bakuninist!’ Letter from KM to FE, 11 November 1882.
352. ‘With one exception, all the books on the Commune … ’ Letter from Jenny Marx (daughter) to Ludwig and Gertrud Kugelmann, 21–22 December 1871.
352. ‘I asked nothing of him … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 31 May 1873.
353. ‘My dearest Moor, I am going to ask you … ’ Letter from Eleanor Marx to KM, 23 March 1874; translated in Eleanor Marx, Volume I: Family Life 1855–1883 by Yvonne Kapp (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1972), pp. 153–4.
354. ‘The place was crowded … ’ Letter from Eleanor Marx to Jenny Longuet, 1 July 1882.
354. ‘I unfortunately only inherited my father’s nose … ’ Letter from Eleanor Marx to Karl Kautsky, 28 December 1896.
355. ‘What neither Papa nor the doctors nor anyone will understand … ’ Letter from Eleanor Marx to Jenny Longuet, 8 January 1882.
355. ‘I have since months suffered severely … ’ Letter from KM to Nikolai Danielson, 12 August 1873.
355. ‘My face went quite black … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 30 August 1873.
355. ‘the serious possibility of my succumbing to apoplexy … ’ Letter from KM to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 27 September 1873.
356. ‘I myself allow the English papers to announce my death from time to time … ’ Letter from KM to Ludwig Kugelmann, 19 January 1874.
356. ‘Carl Marx – Naturalisation … ’ File HO45/9366/36228 in the Public Record Office, London.
357. ‘We are both living in strict accordance with the rules … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 1 September 1874.
357. ‘My patience came to an end … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 September 1874.
358. ‘He always has to hand the mot juste, the striking simile … ’ From Sprudel (Vienna), 19 September 1875, translated in KMIR, pp. 124–5.
359. ‘pleasantly surprised to see with what warmth and affection … ’ From ‘Going to Canossa’ by August Bebel, RME, p. 216.
360. ‘He was most affable … ’ From ‘Visits to Karl Marx’ by Nikolai Morozov, RME, p. 303.
360. ‘He spoke in the quietly detached tones of a patriarch … ’ From Aus den Jahren meines Exils: Erinnerungen eines Sozialisten by Eduard Bernstein (Berlin, 1919), translated in KMIR, pp. 152–3.
360. ‘Whatever Marx might have thought of me … ’ From Aus den Frühzeit des Marxismus by Karl Kautsky (Prague, 1935), translated in KMIR, pp. 153–6.
361. ‘If I denied everything that has been said and written of me … ’ Chicago Tribune, 5 January 1879.
361. ‘I do not reply to pinpricks … ’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, 22 February 1881.
361. ‘He is a short, rather small man … ’ Letter from Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Duff MP to the Crown Princess Victoria, 1 February 1879; first printed in ‘A Meeting with Karl Marx’, Times Literary Supplement, 15 July 1949.
363. ‘He found an exact description of his anxieties … ’ See ‘Karl Marx. Persönliche Erinnerungen’ by Paul Lafargue, Die Neue Zeit, Vol. IX, pt 1 (1890–1), translated in KMIR, p. 73; also ‘Karl Marx and the Promethean Complex’ by Lewis S. Feuer, Encounter, Vol. XXXI, No. 6 (December 1968), p. 15.
363. ‘Dear Sir, I thank you for the honour … ’ Letter from Charles Darwin to KM, 1 October 1873.
364. ‘Although it is developed in the crude English style … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 19 December 1860.
364. ‘Darwin’s book is very important … ’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 16 January 1861.
364. ‘It represents a very significant advance over Darwin … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 7 August 1866.
365. ‘Dear Sir, I am much obliged for your kind letter … ’ Letter from Charles Darwin to Edward Aveling, 13 October 1880. This and Darwin’s letter of October 1873 can be found in the IISH, Amsterdam. Both have identical blotches where someone – probably Aveling himself – has spilled ink over them; since the marks are slightly fainter on the Marx letter one deduces that the documents were together on his desk, with the 1880 letter on top, when the accident happened. For more on the Marx – Darwin myth, see the following: ‘The Contacts Between Karl Marx and Charles Darwin’ by Ralph Colp Jr., Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. XXXV, No. 2 (April – June 1974), pp. 329–338); ‘Did Marx Offer to Dedicate Capital to Darwin?’ by Margaret A. Fay, Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. XXXIX, No. 1 (January – March 1978), pp. 133–146; ‘The Case of the “Darwin – Marx” Letter’ by Lewis S. Feuer, Encounter, Vol. LI, No. 4 (October 1978), pp. 62–77; ‘Marx and Darwin: A Literary Detective Story’ by Margaret A. Fay, Monthly Review (NY), Vol. 31, No. 10 (March 1980), pp. 40–57; ‘The Myth of the Darwin – Marx Letter’ by Ralph Colp Jr., History of Political Economy (Duke University, North Carolina), Vol. 14, No. 4 (Winter 1982), pp. 461–481.
366. ‘Darwin declined the honour in a polite, cautiously phrased letter … ’ From Karl Marx by Isaiah Berlin (Thornton Butterworth, London, 1939), p. 218.
367. ‘Marx’s dedication of Capital to Darwin was evidently made tongue in cheek … ’ From ‘From Hoax to Dogma: A Footnote on Marx and Darwin’ by Shlomo Avineri, Encounter, Vol. XXVIII (March 1967), pp. 30–32.
368. ‘unlike Marx, Darwin was a genuine scientist … ’ Spectator, 17 October 1998.
369. ‘Though Marx has lived much in England … ’ From ‘Karl Marx and German Socialism’ by John Macdonnell, Fortnightly Review, 1 March 1875.
369. ‘We are much obliged by your letter … ’ Letter from Macmillan & Co. (London) to Professor Carl Schorlemmer, 25 May 1883.
369. ‘Is there no hope of it being translated?’ Letter from Robert Banner to KM, 6 December 1880.
370. ‘Accustomed as we are nowadays, especially in England, to fence always with big soft buttons … ’ From The Record of an Adventurous Life by H. M. Hyndman (Macmillan, London, 1911), pp. 271–2.
370. ‘out of spite against the world because he was not included in the Cambridge eleven … ’ See The Proud Tower: A Portrait of the World Before the War, 1890–1914 by Barbara Tuchman (Macmillan, London, 1980), p. 360.
370. ‘Our method of talking was peculiar … ’ Hyndman, p. 273.
371. ‘laughing when anything struck him as particularly comic … ’ From ‘My Recollections of Karl Marx’ by Marian Comyn in Nineteenth Century and After (London, 1922), pp. 161 ff.
371. ‘We were invaded by Hyndman and his wife … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Longuet, 11 April 1881.
372. ‘Ernest Belfort Bax, born in 1854 … ’ See The Victorian Encounter with Marx: A Study of Ernest Belfort Bax by John Cowley (British Academic Press, London & New York, 1992).
373. ‘Now this is the first publication of that kind … ’ Letter from KM to Friedrich Adolphe Sorge, 15 December 1881.
373. ‘The visit is proving especially beneficial to Marx … ’ Letter from FE to Johann Philipp Becker, 17 August 1880.
373. ‘Dear, good Doctor, I should so like to live a little longer … ’ Quoted in Eleanor Marx, Vol. 1, by Yvonne Kapp (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1972), pp. 215–16.
374. ‘The worst is that Mrs Marx’s state becomes daily more dangerous … ’ Letter from KM to Nikolai Danielson, 19 February 1881.
374. ‘for my own part I prefer the “manly” sex for children … ’ Letter from KM to Jenny Longuet, 29 April 1881.
375. ‘Between ourselves, my wife’s illness is, alas, incurable … ’ Letter from KM to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 20 June 1881.
375. ‘Jennychen’s asthma is bad … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 9 August 1881.
375. ‘She has been eating next to nothing for weeks … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 August 1881.
376. ‘drawing closer to its consummation … ’ Letter from KM to Karl Kautsky, 1 October 1881.
376. ‘If any one outside event has contributed … ’ Letter from FE to Eduard Bernstein, 30 November 1881.
376. ‘We are no such external people!’ See letter from KM to Jenny Longuet, 7 December 1881.
378. ‘A ferryman is ready and waiting, with his small boat … ’ Letter from KM to Laura Lafargue, 13 and 14 April 1882.
378. ‘a big man in every way, with a very large head … ’ The woman was Virginia Bateman, mother of the novelist Compton Mackenzie. Her reminiscences can be found in My Life and Times by Compton Mackenzie (London, 1968), Vol. VII, p. 181.
379. ‘What I write and tell the children is the truth … ’ Letter from KM to FE, 20 May 1882.
379. ‘To no one in the world would I wish the tortures … ’ Letter from Jenny Longuet to Eleanor Marx, 8 November 1882.
380. ‘This, then, is most encouraging … ’ Letter from KM to Laura Lafargue, 14 December 1882.
380. ‘touch the movements of the mucus … ’ Letter from KM to Dr James M. Williamson, 6 January 1883. See also Prometheus Bound: Karl Marx on the Isle of Wight by Dr A. E. Lawrence and Dr A. N. Insole (Isle of Wight County Council Cultural Services Department, Newport, 1981).
380. ‘I have lived many a sad hour, but none so sad as that … ’ From RME, p. 128.
381. ‘is still not really making the progress it should … ’ Letter from FE to August Bebel, 7 March 1883.
381. ‘Mankind is shorter by a head … ’ Letter from FE to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 15 March 1883.
382. ‘The death is announced of Dr Karl Marx … ’ Daily News (London), 17 March 1883.
382. ‘Capital, unfinished as it is, will beget a host of smaller books … ’ Pall Mall Gazette, 16 March 1883.
382. ‘The talk was of the world, and of man, and of time … ’ New York Sun, 6 September 1880.