For additional archival reference, see the preface to “Notes.” On personal papers and interviews with family members of American servicemen, see individual references in the notes and my comments in the “Preface.”
Abernethy, R. W. “The Great Rescue.” In The Spirit of the Game. A Quest by Basil Mathews and Some Stories by A .E. Southon and R. W. Abernethy. New York: Doran, n.d., 159–200.
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Beeuwkes, Henry. “American Medical and Sanitary Relief in the Russian Famine, 1921–1923.” American Relief Administration Bulletin 2, no. 45 (April 1926).
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———. Tars, Turks, and Tankers: The Role of the United States Navy in the Middle East, 1800–1879. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1980.
———. Walter George Smith. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1977.
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Buzanski, Peter M. “Admiral Mark L. Bristol and Turkish-American Relations, 1919–1922.” Diss. University of California, 1960.
———. “The Interallied Investigation of the Greek Invasion of Smyrna, 1919.” The Historian (May 1963): 325–43.
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Davis, Leslie A. The Slaughterhouse Province: An American Diplomat’s Report on the Armenian Genocide, 1915–1917, edited by Susan K. Blair. New Rochelle, NY: Aristide D. Caratzas, 1989.
Deleon, Jak. The White Russians in Istanbul. Istanbul: Remzi Kitabevi Publications, 1995.
DeNovo, John A. American Interests and Policies in the Middle East, 1900–1939. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1963.
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———. Sands, http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/s5/sands-1.htm, accessed June 18, 2009.
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Dos Passos, John. The Best Times: An Informal Memoir. New York: New American Library, 1966.
———. The Fourteenth Chronicle: Letters and Diaries of John Dos Passos. Edited and with a Biographical Narrative by Townsend Ludington. Boston: Gambit Inc., 1973.
———. Orient Express. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1927.
Duke, Vernon. Passport to Paris. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1955.
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Eby, Mrs. D. C. (Charlotte). At the Mercy of Turkish Brigands: A True Story. New Carlisle, OH: Bethel Publishing, 1922.
Edib, Halide. Memoirs of Halide Edib. New York: The Century Co., 1926.
———. The Turkish Ordeal. Being the Further Memoirs of Halide Edib. New York: The Century Co., 1928.
(Edwards, Jeanette). “Turkish Delight: As It Appears to an American Girl in Constantinople.” The Outlook 22 (October 25, 1922, and November 8, 1922): 328–29 and 440–42, respectively.
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Elliott, Mabel Evelyn. Beginning Again at Ararat. New York: Flaming H. Revel, 1924.
Ellis, William T. “Constantinople To-day.” The American Review of Reviews 67 (May 1923): 517–20.
———. “Jennings of Smyrna.” Scribner’s 84 (August 1928): 230–35.
Evans, Laurence. United States Policy and the Partition of Turkey, 1914–1924. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1965.
Evans, Peter. Ari: The Life and Times of Aristotle Socrates Onassis. New York: Summit Books, 1986.
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Field, Richard Stockton. “A Destroyer in the Near East.” Naval Institute Proceedings 51 (February 1925 and March 1925): 246–67 and 400–23, respectively.
Fincanci, May. The Story of Robert College Old and New: 1863–1982. Istanbul: Trustees of Robert College of Istanbul, 1983.
Fisher, Edgar J. Diary, in Papers. Rare Books and Manuscripts Library. Ohio State University. A very detailed diary during his professorship at Robert College in Constantinople.
Fisher, H. H. The Famine in Soviet Russia, 1919–1923: The Operations of the American Relief Administration. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1927.
Fitzgerald, William F. “Dolly.” Rear Adm., USN. Informal oral history, the portion covering the years 1922–1924. In possession of the family. Used by permission.
(Flint, Lydia A. P.) A Guide for the Personally Conducted Sight Seeing Trips by the American Navy Y.M.C.A. Constantinople: YMCA, 1922. Located in the Pence Papers.
Freely, John. A History of Robert College, the American College for Girls, and Bogaziçi University (Bosporus University), vol. 1. Istanbul: Türkiye’de Arastirmalari Enstitüsü, 2000.
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———. Eight Bells, and All’s Well. New York: W. W. Norton, 1965.
———. “My Pal Arthur Godfrey.” Saturday Evening Post (19 July 1952): 25ff.
Gates, Caleb Frank. Not to Me Only. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1940.
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———. “Twentieth-Century Genocides.” In America and the Armenian Genocide of 1915, edited by Jay Winter, 9–36. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
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———. “Mustapha Kemal Pasha and His Party.” The World’s Work 40 (May 1920): 176–92.
———. “The New Nations of Trans-Caucasia.” The World’s Work 40 (May 1920): 272–80.
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———. The Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway. New York: Scribner’s, 1956.
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———. The Story Behind Ambassador Morgenthau’s Story. Istanbul: Isis Press, 1990.
———. Turkish History: On Whose Sources Will It Be Based? A Case Study on the Burning of Smyrna. Istanbul: n.p., 1989.
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