Abaaoud, Abdelhamid, xiv, xvi, 22, 24, 161, 189, 204
See also Paris attacks of November 2015
See also police officer and wife murder (Magnanville)
Abbas, Mahmoud, 147
Abdelkrim, Farid, 156
Abdeslam, Salah, xv
Aboud, Élie, 62
Abu Abdallah. See Hakim, Redouane al-
Abu Hamza. See Achamlane, Mohamed
Abu Mouqatel. See Hakim, Boubaker al-
Achamlane, Mohamed, 79, 80, 81, 204
Action directe, 90
See also Stalingrad mosque
Adnani, Abu Mohamed al-, 117, 170
See also Falaha, Taha Subhi
Ahmadinejad, Mahmud, 17
Holocaust caricature contest, 17–18
Al-Ansar magazine, 80
al-Nusra Front, 81, 84–85, 101, 103, 107
al-Qaeda, ix, xi, xviii, 23, 27, 28, 80, 95, 101, 155, 162
French attack plot, 29
French intelligence agency and, 77
strategy, 10
See also bin Laden, Osama; jihad, second wave of; 9/11 attacks; Suri, Abu Musab al-
al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), 101, 158, 164
al-Qaeda in Islamic North Africa, 30
al Suri, Abu Musab. See Suri, Abu Musab al-
Algerian Front de libération nationale (FLN), 7, 98
Ali, Ayaan Hirsi, 16
“alliance and disavowal” doctrine, 106
Alterinfo website, Amedy Coulibaly video on, 169
Alternativ für Deutschland, x, 2
Amimour, Samy, xiv–xv
See also Bataclan music hall attack (Paris)
Amine, Abu Abderahmane. See Zitouni, Djamel
See also Berlin Christmas market truck attack
Ansar-al haqq (website), 84, 124–26
anti-Israel/anti-Jewish marches and vandalism, 148–49, 150
anti-Semitism, 17, 48, 131, 148–49, 171, 184
Todd, Emmanuel, and, 183
See also anti-Zionism; Dieudonné; Le Pen, Jean-Marie; Soral, Alain
anti-Zionism, 5, 17, 18, 50–51, 86, 130, 131, 148–49, 184
See also anti-Semitism; Dieudonné; Le Pen, Jean-Marie; Soral, Alain
Arnaud, Claude, 111–12, 115, 120
Artigat, 72, 73, 89, 90, 132, 157, 204
sharia law in, 73
total Islam summer camps in, 73
arrests, 74–75
regime, 52, 71, 103, 121, 122, 123, 134, 146
Russian support of, 168
Sarkozy, Nicolas, and, 74
Association collectif liberté égalité fraternité ensemble unis (ACLEFEU), 35–37, 38, 39
Association des étudiants islamiques en France (AEIF), 71–72
Au-delà des mots (ADM), 38
authoritarian conservatism, Muslim social despair and movement toward, 138–39
“awakened one,” 88
Azzam, Abdallah, 107
Baby Loup nursery school case, 142
Baghdadi, Abu Bakr al-, 103
Baghdali, Abdelouahed, 74
Communist Party and, 3
door-to-door campaigning in, 53
economic crash of 2008 and, 43
election of 2012 and, 61
loss of connection to rest of France, 62
markers of Islamization, 78
mistrust in government, 136
public policies, 37
registered voters, 41
shift toward political right, 139
stigma of life in, 55–56
voting behavior, 38, 56, 58, 61, 94
withdrawal from political participation in, 137–38
See also riots of 2005, French nationwide
Barnouin, Thomas, 162
ISIS affiliate, 74
prison, 74
Bary, Abdel-Majed Abdel, 131
Bastille Day cargo truck attack (Nice), ix, xii, xvi, xvii–xviii, 65, 83, 85, 93–94, 203
See also Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, Mohamed
Bataclan music hall attack (Paris), v, ix, xii, xv, xvii, 1, 65, 82, 93, 153, 195, 203
See also Amimour, Samy
Bayle, Pierre, 72
Bechikh, Camel, 140
Beghal, Djamel, 29, 69, 76, 101, 158, 160, 161, 204
al-Qaeda training, 157
in Fleury-Mérogis prison, 32, 157, 159
2001 arrest, 24
Belghoul, Farida, 140–41
Belgiki, Abu Omar al-. See Abaaoud, Abdelhamid
Belhoucine, Mehdi, 161–62, 167
Belhoucine, Mohamed, 161, 162, 167
Belkacem, Smaïn Aït Ali, 158, 161
Bellefontaine mosque, 103, 120, 157, 168
Benghalem, Salim, 101, 102, 106, 158, 204
See also Paris attacks of November 2015
Bentebra, Mohamed, 55–56
Benyettou, Farid
arrest, 32
early life, 29–30
jihadi recruiting activities, 32, 69, 75, 119, 157, 168, 204
nursing job, 157
Benzine, Rachid, 78
Berlin Christmas market truck attack, ix, xii, xvi
Berque, Jacques, 189
Bernard, Pierre, 35
Besson, Éric, 46
bin Laden, Osama, 11, 23, 25, 26, 27, 30, 86, 155, 169
See also al-Qaeda; 9/11 attacks
blédards, 28
Bloc identitaire, 48
conversion to Islam, 104
death, 107–108
travel to Syria, 104
conversion to Islam, 104
death, 108
death video, 108
ISIS video, 103, 104–07, 129, 165, 167, 168
travel to Syria, 104
Borloo, Jean-Louis, 37
Boubakeur, Dalil, 123
Boujnane, Hamid, 56
Boulahcen, Hasna Aït, xiv, 161
Boumeddiene, Hayat, 158, 160–61, 162, 167
Bouras, Djamel, 51
Bordeaux mosque, 139
Boutin, Christine, 140
Brahmi, Mohamed, 31
Breivik, Anders, 52
Brussels National Airport attack, ix, xv
Bush, George W., 23
Buttes-Chaumont Network, 29, 69, 75, 90, 101, 119, 157, 158, 168, 204
dismantling of, 24
prosecution of, 30
Cabut, Jean “Cabu,” 175
cahiers de doléance, 38
cantonal elections of 2011, 53–54, 56, 58, 59
“La guerre psychologique.” 133
Cassen, Pierre, 48
Catholic priest murder and hostage-taking event (Normandy), ix, 2, 93, 189, 203
See also Hamel, Jacques; Kermiche, Adel; Petitjean, Abdel Malik
Caze, Christophe, 28
céfrans, 27
Charbonnier, Stephane “Charb,” 178
Charlie Hebdo
arson fire, 178
Islamophobia reputation, 178, 184
legal actions against, 178
media image of Islam in France and, 179
1982 closure, 177
Prophet Muhammad caricatures, 18, 95, 175–76, 178, 184
rave book review of Fallaci’s La Rage et l’orgueil, 178
revival, 177
website hacking, 178
See also Charlie Hebdo attack
Charlie Hebdo attack, ix, xii, xiii, 1, 16, 17, 18, 65, 82, 93, 94, 95, 101, 120, 134, 152, 153, 154, 156, 158, 161, 165, 180, 202, 205
far right response to, 187
post-attack behavior in French schools, 181
video claiming responsibility for, 164
See also #jesuisCharlie; Kouachi, Chérif; Kouachi, Saïd; Kouachi brothers
Chirac, Jacques, 38, 39, 41, 59, 187
in Artigat, 73
ISIS video, 75
See also Paris attacks of November 2015
Clain, Jean-Michel, 204
in Artigat, 73
See also Paris attacks of November 2015
Collard, Gilbert, 53
Communist Party, 3, 35, 62, 191
Communist Revolutionary League, 100
conspiracy theories, 2, 6, 77, 90
See also Dieudonné; Dieudosphère; Égalité et réconciliation; Soral, Alain
Convergence 84 demonstration, 140
Corel, Olivier, 71–73, 75, 76, 104, 204
See also Artigat
Cortex, 80
Coulibaly, Amedy, xvi, xvii, 1, 22, 94, 101, 150, 152, 156, 158, 159–61, 172, 202, 205
allegiance to ISIS, 167
antiterrorism file on, 189
car bomb explosion by, 154
criminal history, 159
disavowal of French citizenship, 167
early life and family, 159
in Fleury-Mérogis prison, 29, 32, 157, 159, 161
Hyper Cacher supermarket video, 161
ISIS Dabiq eulogy, 156
marriage, 160
meeting with Nicolas Sarkozy at Élysée Palace, 160
as total Muslim, 166
video with ISIS flag, 103, 159, 162–70, 182
See also Hyper Cacher supermarket attack (Porte de Vincennes)
Council for Reflection on French Islam (Corif), 9
Dabiq, 31, 67, 103, 127, 144, 156
Dabiq, Syria, 127
Dandachi, Abdulillah al-. See Corel, Olivier
Dar al-Islam, Coulibaly eulogy in, 156
decapitation terrorist attack, 93
Deschamps, André, 35
Dieudonné, 2, 130, 131, 180, 184, 192
#jesuisCharlieCoulibaly, 174
shows, 88
Dieudosphère, 77, 85, 148, 168
conspiracy theories, 90
Djebali, Imad, 74
Dupont-Aignan, Nicolas, 139
Duprat, François, 51
economic crash of 2008
identitarian reactions to, 43–49
2012 French presidential election and, 60
Égalité et réconciliation, 49, 50–51, 131, 206
Belghoul’s postings on, 140
grand conspiracy theory narrative, 85
Judeophobia and, 50
Summer University, 51
support of Ba’athist parties, 52
el-Baraka mosque, 113, 117, 119, 120, 122, 168
EuroPalestine collective, 51
Facebook, 21
Mohamed Merah and, 67
19 HH video series on, 85
Falaha, Taha Subhi, 117
See also Adnani, Abu Mohamed al-
Fallaci, Oriana
La Rage et l’orgueil (The Rage and the Pride), 178
Fanon, Franz
Les Damnés de la terre (The Wretched of the Earth), 176
Fachosphere, 5
Filiu, Jean-Pierre, 122
Fils de France collective, 139–40
Firansi, Abu Abdallah al-. See Hauchard, Maxime
Foley, James, 131
Forsane Alizza, 79–82, 84, 89, 204, 205
demonstrations against anti-Islamist groups, 81
founder, 80
French penal code burning, 80
March 30, 2012, arrests, 81, 86
McDonald’s occupation by, 80
Paris trial, 82
Sarkozy dissolution decree, 79
videos, 90
violence on Internet, 81
See also Omsen, Omar
Foucault, Michel, 176
Fraternité algérienne en France (FAF), 27
French Council of the Muslim Faith (CFCM), 9, 18
office for struggle against Islamophobia, 171–72
Furat website, 108
Gaudin, Jean-Claude, 46
demonstrations, 175
social tension in France and, 147–48, 184
German Red Army Faction, 90
Ghlam, Sid Ahmed, 93, 102, 153–54, 162, 202, 205
state security file, 153
See also Villejuif church attack plot
Global Islamic Resistance Call, 10, 22–25, 29, 95, 102, 150, 152, 170, 172, 191, 197, 204
French Salafism and, 69
Merah affair and, 65, 152, 172
moment of affirmation, 23
moment of negation, 23
negation of the negation, 23
Nemmouche affair and, 152
phase of transcendence, 24
system not organization, 24, 102
See also Suri, Abu Musab al-
Goumri, Lahoucine, 119–22, 123
Gourdel, Hervé, 131
Great Replacement, x
Grenoble riots (2010), 48–49, 59
Gresh, Alain, 177
Groupe Islamique Armé (GIA), 27, 28, 69, 80, 119, 155, 201, 205
Groupe salafiste pour la prédication et le combat (GSPC), 30
See also Stade de France attacks
hajj, 70
Hakim, Boubaker al-, 30, 31, 67, 158
assassination of Mohamed Brahmi, 31
Hakim, Redouane al-, 30–31
Hakim, Waleed Abdul, 192
diet, 5
food industry, 139
restaurant, 48
wedding, 160
Hamas, 94, 130, 146–47, 149, 162, 175
See also Catholic priest murder and hostage-taking event (Normandy)
Hamidullah, Muhammad, 72
haram, 18, 21, 70, 143, 144, 182
Harrman, Chris
The Prophet and the Proletariat, 176–77
hegira, 66, 84, 85, 107, 126, 127, 130, 167, 171
Hezbollah, Syrian civil war and, 146
hiyal, 75
Hollande, François, xiii, xvi, 34, 122, 205
approval rating and unemployment, 137
Gaza war and, 147
ISIS video call to convert, 106–07
Islamic studies field during presidential term, 189
as marcher in January 11, 2015, demonstration, 188
Merah affair and, 77
Muslim vote for, 8, 9, 43, 58, 67, 93, 184
post-Paris attacks speech, xviii
2012 election victory, x, 3, 58–63, 93, 135, 184, 202, 205
Houellebecq, Michel, 16, 131, 151, 153, 175, 183
The Map and the Territory, 151
“How to Survive in the West. A Mujahid’s Guide,” xix
Hyper Cacher supermarket attack (Porte de Vincennes), xiii, 1, 82, 93, 94, 95, 101, 103, 120, 150, 152, 153, 156, 159, 202, 205
audio recording of, 169
Coulibaly video of, 161
See also Coulibaly, Amedy
“Damas, la base du djihad sur terre,” 124–29
ibn Taymiyya, 129
ibn Tibbon, Samuel, 118
ibn Ziaten, Imad, 68
identitarian vote, 6
Ifriqi, Abu Bassir Abdallah al-. See Coulibaly, Amedy
immigrant vote, postcolonial, 42, 67
immigration
politics and, 42
public opinion regarding, 39
intelligence/security apparatus, French
Abaaoud, Abdelhamid, and, 189
Abballah and, 189
Ghlam, Sid Ahmed, and, 153
Kermiche, Adel, and, 189
Kouachi brothers and, 189
Merah Affair and, 77
new model of Islamist terrorism and, 77, 189–90
Salhi, Yassin, and, 154
second-wave jihadism and, 77
Iranian Revolution (1978–79), 176, 184
ISIS, xv, xvi, xvii, xviii, 132, 133, 134, 175, 203
Abdallah Azzam videos, 107
Bons brothers July 2013 video, 103–07
caliphate proclamation (June 29, 2014), 94, 103, 117, 145, 161, 184
decapitation videos, 154
execution of gay men, 144
Kobani executions, 154
Omar Omsen critique of strategy, 85
Salafism and, 8
in Syria and Iraq, 2, 12, 103, 155
Syrian pilots execution video, 133
war against France, 170
See also Dabiq
Islam. See hajj; halal; haram; hegira; mosques; sharia law; total Islam
Islamic electoral lobby, 54–58
Islamic groups, traditionalist
2012 emergence of, 139–41
Islamic studies field, decline of, 189
Islamism, 4
“Islamization of France,” 48, 53, 94, 187, 188, 197
Islamophobia, x, xi, xvi, 3, 17, 103, 170–71, 179
anti-Semitism and, 121, 171, 183
Charlie Hebdo and, 178
perceived discrimination and, 119
as radicalization tool, 78, 86, 119–20
Zionism and, 86
Islamosphere, digital, 21–22, 77
Jama’at al-Tabligh, 112–13
Jean-Baptiste, Clarissa, 1
See also police officer and wife murder (Magnanville)
#jesuisCharlieCoulibaly, 174
#jesuisCharlie/”Je suis Charlie,” xiii, xvi, 116, 156, 173, 176, 180, 187
#jesuisCharlieMartel, 187
#jesuisCoulibaly, 116
#jesuisParis, xiii
Jeunes Musulmans de France, 156
Jewish Museum of Belgium attack, 93, 94, 102, 109, 156, 202, 205
See also Nemmouche, Mehdi
Jewish people, terrorist attacks targeting. See Hyper Cacher supermarket attack (Porte de Vincennes); Jewish Museum of Belgium attack; Toulouse Hebrew School killings
jihad, first wave of, xi, 26, 27–29
jihad, second wave of, xi, 26, 27, 28, 29, 155, 157
See also al-Qaeda; bin Laden, Osama
jihad, third wave of, ix, xi–xii, xv, 8, 22, 32, 95, 129, 155, 159, 170
Arab Spring and, 25
digital revolution and, 90
Merah affair and, 64–71
organization/structure, xi, 11–12, 23, 157
speedy radicalization, xiv
See also ISIS; prison as jihadi incubator
jihadism, dialectic of, 22–27
jihadist terrorism, objective of, 153
jihadists
France exporting of, 189
See also names of specific jihadists
jihadosphere, 124
Jospin, Lionel, 38, 39, 42, 59
Joxe, Pierre, 9
Kelkal, Khaled, 24, 28, 68, 69, 81, 201, 205
execution, 28
network, 89
See also Paris Metro bombings
See also Catholic priest murder and hostage-taking event (Normandy)
Khanfar, Farouk, 43–44
Khazzani, Ayoub el-, 102, 155, 202, 205
See also Thalys train attack attempt
Khelifi, Ahmed, 55
Khosrokhavar, Farhad, 33
König, Émilie, 81
Kouachi, Chérif, 1, 22, 69, 76, 101, 156–58, 164, 204, 205
al-Qaeda training, 158
family life, 156–157
Fleury-Mérogis prison, 29, 32, 157, 159
radicalization, 157
travel to Yemen, 158
2005 arrest, 32
See also Charlie Hebdo attack; Kouachi brothers
Kouachi, Saïd, 1, 22, 156, 205
al-Qaeda training, 158
family life, 156–57
radicalization, 157
travel to Yemen, 158
See also Charlie Hebdo attack; Kouachi brothers
Kouachi brothers, xvi, xvii, 18, 22, 75, 94, 97, 101, 152, 156, 158–59, 161, 168, 172, 182, 202, 204
antiterrorism files on, 189
French surveillance of, 158
See also Charlie Hebdo attack; Kouachi, Chérif; Kouachi, Saïd
La Rochère, Ludovine de, 140
Lagarde, Jean-Christophe, 145
Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, Mohamed, 203
See also Bastille Day cargo truck attack (Nice)
Laïbi, Salim
Libre Penseur website and, 85, 191–92
laïcité. See secularism
Le Monde Diplomatique, 177
Le Pen, Jean-Marie, 38, 40, 52, 54, 59, 187, 205
Mitterrand demonization of, 187
Valmy speech, 51
See also National Front
Le Pen, Marine, x, 40, 46, 48, 53, 59, 94, 187, 190, 191, 205
de-demonization of National Front under, 188
See also National Front
Lelong, Michel, 139
Lemoine, Xavier, 140
Letellier, Romain, 124
London 2005 terror attack, 29
Lost Kingdom, The: The Story of al-Andalus, 192–94
Luizard, Pierre-Jean, xvii
Lunel, France
as “capital of French jihad,” 109–10, 115, 198
economic decline, 110–11
habitable housing problem, 111
Islamophobia and, 119
Jama’at al-Tabligh and, 112–13
Louis-Feuillade High School, 115–16, 198
milieu favorable to ISIS, 118–19
Muslims versus Pescalunes in, 113–14
National Front support in, 120
Tabligh movement in, 112–13, 116, 117, 118
unemployment rate, 111
See also el-Baraka mosque
Madani, Omar al-, 73–74
See also Barnouin, Thomas
Madrid 2004 terror attack, 29
Maelbeck metro station attack (Brussels), ix, xv
Malliarakis, Jean-Gilles, 51
Manent, Pierre
Situation de la France, 195–98
Manif pour tous, 4–5, 6, 8, 94, 139, 140, 171, 184
Marche des Beurs, La, 6–7, 19, 34, 140, 201
political failure of, 65
thirtieth anniversary, 179
marches of January 11, 2015, 95, 172–74, 181, 182, 184, 187, 196, 202
Maris, Bernard, 175
Martel, Charles
founding myth of, 191–92
Martin Guerre affair, 73
Masri, Abu Hamza al-, 80
Massignon, Louis, 189
Maurize, Gaël, 74
M’bala, Dieudonné M’bala, 6, 50, 205
See also Dieudonné; Dieudosphère
Mégret, Bruno, 48
Ménard, Charles, 114
statue, 114–15
Ménard, Robert, 68, 110, 139, 177
Reporters without Borders, 177
Merabet, Ahmed, 1
See also police officer and wife murder (Magnanville)
Merah, Mohammed, xii, xv, xvi, xvii, 9, 10, 22, 24, 25, 28, 63, 66, 69, 82, 89, 93, 156, 202, 205
in Artigat, 73
Middle East travels, 76–77
mosque, 103
on No Fly List, 77
prison radicalization, 65, 75–76
Salafist milieu, 65
social media, 65
Taliban weapons training, 77, 83–84
visits to Egyptian madrassa al-Fagr, 76
See also Merah Affair; Montauban French soldiers killings; Toulouse Hebrew School killings
Merah affair, 91, 97, 100, 103, 152–53, 171, 188
French intelligence service and, 77
third-wave French jihadism and, 64–71
2012 French presidential election and, 66–67
Mitterrand, François, 7–8, 187
demonization of Jean-Marie Le Pen, 143, 187
Montauban French soldiers killings, xii, xv, 8, 9, 10, 25, 28, 63, 64, 66, 79, 93, 202, 205
See also Merah, Mohammed; Merah affair
Mosque of Paris, lawsuit against Charlie Hebdo by, 178
mosques
Adda’wa (aka Stalingrad), 30, 157, 168
Bellefontaine, 103, 120, 157, 168
Bordeaux mosque, 139
el-Baraka mosque, 113, 117, 119, 120, 122, 168
Stalingrad (aka Adda’wa), 30, 119, 168
Mouvement de l’immigration et des banlieues (MIB), 38
Mouvement National Républicain (MNR), 48
Muslim Brotherhood, 5, 74, 130, 146, 162, 197
struggle against Islamophobia, xi, 17, 171
view of first-wave terrorists, 28
Muslim vote
for François Hollande, 8, 9, 43, 58, 67, 93, 184
2007 French presidential election, 41–43
2012 French presidential election, 61–62, 67
voter mobilization, x
voter participation, 3
See also banlieues
Muslims
jihadist versus nonextremist, 172
third-generation French, 9, 18–22, 66
Nabe, Marc-Édouard, 130–32, 168
Patience, 130–32
Nasar, Mustafa Setmariam. See Suri, Abu Musab al-
National Front, x, xviii, 35, 38, 40, 136, 177, 186, 187, 191, 205
ascension of, 8
anxiety over terrorism and, 188
founding members, 51
founding myth of Charles Martel and, 191–92
in Lunel, 115
Muslim elected officials, 145
supporters, 6
tirades against jihadism, 190
working class vote and, 184
Nekfeu, 179
Nemmouche, Mehdi, xvi, 69, 94, 97, 108, 109, 130, 175, 202, 205
childhood and family life, 97–98, 109
conspiracy theories about, 103
hostage taking by, 175
imprisonment, 98
ISIS jailer, 99, 101, 102, 103, 158
prison Islamization of, 98–99, 109
travels, 99
video with ISIS flag, 103
warfare training in Syria, 99
See also Jewish Museum of Belgium attack
See also Jewish Museum of Belgium attack; Nemmouche, Mehdi
Nice. See Bastille Day cargo truck attack (Nice)
9/11 attacks, ix, xi, xviii, 1, 11, 23, 26, 29, 95, 103, 127, 155, 162, 163, 169
depicted in 19 HH video series, 88, 91
planning, 102
See also al-Qaeda; bin Laden, Osama
19 HH video series, 84, 85–91, 129, 130, 159, 192, 194
See also Omsen, Omar
niqab and burqa ban (2010), 46
as radicalization tool, 78
Nissa rebela movement, 195
Normandy, Abu Siyad al-. See Letellier, Romain
Normandy. See Catholic priest murder and hostage-taking event (Normandy)
Omsen, Omar, 81, 82, 89, 90, 103, 159, 205
adolescence, 83
criminal history, 83
critique of ISIS strategy, 85
jihadist recruiting videos by, 83
19 HH video series by, 83, 84, 85–91, 129, 130, 159, 192, 194
in Syria with al-Nusra Front, 84–85
Orlando Pulse nightclub attack, ix–x
Oubrou, Tareq, 139
Oueslati, Mohamed, 32
Islam in Prison, 32–33
Paris attacks of November 2015, xiii, xv, xvi, 73, 75, 93, 95, 204
Hollande statements on, xviii
See also Benghalem, Salim; Clain, Fabien; Clain, Jean-Michel
Paris demonstration of January 11, 2015, 202
Paris Metro bombings, 68, 201, 205
See also Kelkal, Khaled
Paris terrorist attacks. See Bataclan music hall attack (Paris); Charlie Hebdo attack; Paris attacks of November 2015; Paris Metro bombing
Parti chrétien-démocrate (PCD), 140
Peillon, Vincent, 141
Peltier, Guillaume, 53
Péninque, Philippe
de-demonization of National Front and, 188
Petitjean, Abdel Malik, 203
See also Catholic priest murder and hostage-taking event (Normandy)
police officer and wife murder (Magnanville), x, 1, 2, 93, 153, 189, 203
See also Abballa, Larossi; Merabet, Ahmed
Porte de Vincennes. See Hyper Cacher supermarket attack (Porte de Vincennes)
Prémare, Guillaume de, 140
prison as jihadi incubator, xii, 29–33, 101
causes, 33
See also names of specific jihadis
Program of Urban Development (PRU), 37
Prophet Muhammad caricatures, Jyllands-Posten, 16
See also Charlie Hebdo
protests and demonstrations
Convergence 84 demonstation, 140
Forsane Alizza demonstrations, 81
Manif pour tous, 4–5, 6, 8, 94, 139, 140, 171, 184
Marche des Beurs, La, 6–7, 19, 34, 65, 140, 201
marches of January 11, 2015, 95, 172–74, 181, 182, 184, 187, 196, 202
Sarcelles anti-Jewish march and vandalism, 149
See also School Boycott Days (JRE, Journées de retrait de l’école)
Qaradawi, Youssef al-, 17, 130, 162
racial profiling, 7
Rahman, Abu Abdel. See Bons, Nicolas
Ravier, Stéphane, 47
re-Islamization movement, 20
religious apparel in schools law (2004), 19–20, 142–43, 201
retrocolonial era, French society in, 1
Rezgui, Seifeddine, 154
right-wing ethnic nationalism. See Le Pen, Jean-Marie; National Front
riots
2005 nationwide, xi, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11–20, 34, 37, 40, 135, 140, 188, 201
riots of 2005, French nationwide, xi, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11–20, 135, 188, 201
outcome, 12
rationalization, 16–18
self-image of France and, 40
starting location, 140
as turning point, 34
See also Association collectif liberté égalité fraternité ensemble unis (ACLEFEU)
Riposte laïque movement, 48
website, 177
Rodinson, Maxime, 189
Roque, Dolorès, 62
Royal, Ségolène, 39–40, 43, 45, 60, 206
immigrant vote for, 56
meeting with Aimé Césaire, 40
Salafism, 2, 8, 21, 66, 69, 72, 73, 143
Ibn Taymiyya and, 129
Salafist identity politics, 143–44
anti-leftist, 145
Salafist jihadists, 171
online recruitment, 109
Salafist movement, 5, 8, 69–71, 81
post-2005 expansion, 66
stigmatization of Tabligh by, 116
struggle against Islamophobia, 17, 171
Salafization, 78
Salhi, Yassin
security file, 154
same-sex marriage law (May 2013), 8, 62, 88, 139, 144, 145
See also Manif pour tous
San Bernardino, California, attacks, ix
Sánchez, Illich Ramírez. See Carlos
Sanchez, Julien, 68
Sarcelles, demonstration against Jews in, 149
Sarkozy, Nicolas, 13–14, 34, 38–39, 40, 51, 56, 91, 206
Assad, Bashar al-, and, 74
Chirac, Jacques, and, 41
decree desolving Forsane Alizza, 79
French Council of the Muslim Faith, 9, 18
French identity subject and, 44–45, 58, 59
Grenoble speech, 48–49
Islamic studies field during presidential term, 189
Muslim vote against, 61–62, 93, 135
2009 Vercors speech, 45
2007 election victory, 3, 13, 39, 41–42, 58–59, 188, 201
2012 election defeat, 42–43, 62, 63, 188
unemployment under, 136
School Boycott Days (JRE, Journées de retrait de l’école), 94, 140–41
secularism, French, 48
as Muslim irritant, 141–45
“secular morals” instruction in French schools, 141
See also Baby Loup nursery school case
Ségurane, Catherine, 194–95
Sham, Greater Syria of, 84, 104, 108, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131, 192
sharia law, 66, 79, 80, 99, 117, 165, 196
in Artigat, 73
Muslim marriages and, 145
Sheikh Yassin collective, 148
Siné, 51
Sisi, Abdel Fattah el-, 146
social media
third-wave jihadism and, xi, 24
See also conspiracy theories; Dieudosphère; Facebook; Islamosphere, digital; Twitter; YouTube
Socialist Party, 34, 35, 42, 56, 60, 61, 62, 93, 94, 144, 206
Soral, Alain, 2, 6, 49–52, 77, 85, 130, 131, 140, 168, 184, 192, 206
Breivik, Anders, and, 52
National Front and, 50
videos, 88
See also Égalité et réconciliation
Stade de France attacks, ix, xiii, xvii, 153, 203
Hollande statements on, xviii
refugees involved in, 186
See also Hadfi, Bilal
Stalingrad mosque, 30, 119, 168
Stasi Commission, 9, 16, 19, 30
Strauss-Kahn, Dominique, 60
Suri, Abu Musab al-, 8, 10, 22, 25–26, 27, 32, 52, 64, 67, 69, 76, 100, 150, 153, 155, 191, 204
Al-Ansar magazine and, 80
strategic objective, 170
third-generation jihadism and, 133, 161
See also Global Islamic Resistance Call
Symposium against Islamization, 48
Syrian refugees, Lunel-Viel and, 186
Tabligh movement, 112–13, 116, 118, 171
Islamization of Muslim immigrants by, 113, 197
Taliban regime
Abu Musab al-Suri and, 27
establishment of, 25
post-9/11 Western offensive against, 28
Taubira, Christiane, 88
terror networks. See al-Qaeda; al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP); al-Qaeda in Islamic North Africa; Artigat Network; Buttes-Chaumont Network; ISIS
Thalys train attack attempt, 2, 93, 102, 155, 202, 205
See also Khazzani, Ayoub el-
Thirty-Three-Day War, 146
Thompson, David, 106
Todd, Emmanuel
Qui est Charlie?, 181–83, 187, 196
total Islam, xiv, 5, 10, 25, 66, 116, 198
Toulouse Hebrew School killings, xii, xv, 8, 9, 10, 25, 28, 63, 64, 66, 67, 69, 79, 93, 156, 202, 205
See also Merah, Mohammed; Merah affair
“tribune function,” 191
truck, terror attack by. See Berlin Christmas market truck attack; Bastille Day cargo truck attack (Nice)
Tunisia beach massacre, 154
cyber-jihad, 32
unemployment, 136–38
disparity among different national groups, 137
Hollande’s approval rating and, 137
in Lunel, 111
misleading figures, 137
under Sarkozy, 136
withdrawal from political participation and, 137–38
Union des associations musulmanes du 93 (UAM), 6, 54–55
pre-2011 political activity, 56
public appeal from Collective of Muslims of Montreuil, 56–57
2011 cantonal elections and, 58
voter mobilization efforts, 57–58
Union des démocrates et indépendants (UDI), Muslim political candidates and, 145
Union des organisations islamiques de France (UOIF), 5, 18–19, 20, 28, 30
community leadership under, 66
lawsuit against Charlie Hebdo, 178
Sarkozy and, 39
training school for imams, 74
2005 riots and, 39
Union pour un movement populaire (UMP), 53, 59
Buisson line election strategy, 53
Van Gogh, Theo, 16
Vignal, Patrick, 123
Villejuif church attack plot, 2, 102, 153, 154, 202, 205
See also Ghlam, Sid Ahmed
Villepin, Dominique de, 34, 41
Wake Up Project, 117
Wolinski, Georges, 175
YouTube
third-generation French Islam and, 21–22
third-wave jihadism and, xi, 22, 24, 32
Zarqawi, Abu Musab al-, 29, 31, 69
Zionism. See anti-Zionism
Zitouni, Djamel, 28