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Abbott, Robert Sengstacke, 21–22, 32, 86, 87
Abbott’s Monthly, 32, 36
Abernathy, Ralph, 179–80, 181, 182, 914, 203, 285, 289, 292, 294, 298, 376
Adams, Sherman, 108, 120
Adekunle, Benjamin, 305–8
AFL, 226
AFL-CIO, 219, 239, 250; Committee on Political Education, 226–27, 236; Payne at, 226–27, 231–33, 235, 236, 240
Africa, 89, 157, 199–200, 221; apartheid in, 161–62, 345, 363, 366, 368, 375; Bandung Conference and, 150, 152–59, 160–68; China and, 319–20; Ethel L. Payne Fellowship and, 387–88; Ghana, 196–99, 202, 304, 378; Kenya, 330, 348, 365; Kissinger’s trip to, 329–31, 349, 376; Namibia, 366, 367, 377–78; Nigeria, 304–8, 314; Nixon’s trip to, 196–200, 202, 220, 221, 295, 308–9; Payne’s trips to, 197–200, 304–16, 329–30, 332, 333, 345–49, 363–65, 375, 377–80; refugees in, 345–49; Somalia, 346–48; South Africa, 161, 331, 345, 363–69, 375, 377–80, 388; Zaire, 313–16, 330, 349
African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, 12, 43, 104
African National Congress, 363
Africare, 345–47, 366–67, 380
Afro-American newspapers, 304, 308, 337, 374–75, 378, 386; Baltimore Afro-American, 4, 71, 73–74, 137, 139
Agnew, Spiro, 312
Alcott, Louisa May, 30
Alexander, Clifford L., Jr., 298, 324
Alexander, Shana, 313
Algren, Nelson, 39
al-Jamali, Muhammad Fadhil, 161, 162
ANP (Associated Negro Press), 112
Associated Press, 131, 132, 199, 229
Atlanta Constitution, 320, 328, 333
Austin, George Washington, 14–15
Austin, Josephine Taylor, 14
Ayres, William H., 231
Baker, Ella, 325
Baltimore Afro-American, 4, 71, 73–74, 137, 139
Bandung Conference, 150–51, 152–59, 160–68, 172, 180, 195, 200, 304
Barnett, Claude, 112
Barnett, Ida B. Wells, 370
Barre, Mohamed Siad, 348
Barrett, Emily, 178
Barry, Marion, 376–77
Bates, Daisy, 209, 325, 351
Bell, Derrick, 382
Bethune, Mary McLeod, 103, 125, 233, 343
Bevel, James, 286
Bibbs-Booth, Rita, 351–52, 372–73, 385
Biddle, Francis, 55
Bilbo, Theodore, 137
Birmingham, Ala., 238–39
Black, Timuel, 85, 86
Black Alternatives Conference, 360
Black Betty (Mosley), 235
black colleges, 336–37, 379
Black Colleges: Roots, Reward, Renewal (Payne), 337
black power, 277, 278, 287
Black Press Corps, 380
Black Press Hall of Fame, 371
Blackstone Rangers, 287
black women, 340–41, 352
Bly, Nellie, 168, 388
Bolling, Sarah, 132, 133
Bolling, Spottswood, 132–33
Bolling v. Sharpe, 132
Bond, Julian, 296, 388–89
Booker, Simeon, 199, 202–3, 220–22, 257, 258, 311, 312
Boyd, Felicity, 385
Boyd, Patricia, 372
Bradley, Mamie, 173–76, 192
Briscoe, Sherman, 110
Brooks, Rosemarie, 248
Broun, Heywood, 92
Brown, Catherine, 338, 372
Brown, Jerry, 332
Brown, Tony, 359–60
Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 111
Brown University, 382
Brown v. Board of Education, 81, 111, 121, 129–34, 139, 141, 144, 172, 180, 191, 201, 202, 207, 208, 212, 303
Bryan, Hazel, 209
Bunche, Ralph, 198
Bunyan, Maureen, 354, 386
Burns, Robert, 101
Burton, Charles Wesley, 44
Bush, George H. W., 316
Butler, Paul, 187–88
Butterfield, Fox, 322
Byrd, Harry F., 205
Byrd, Robert, 285
Byrne, Jane, 354
Byrnes, James F., 133
Califano, Joe, 297
Campbell, Marion B., 102–3
Camp Robert Smalls, 58–59
Canady, Hortense, 368
Capital Press Club, 110–11, 127–28, 171, 274–76, 323, 365–66, 377
Carmichael, Stokely, 277, 280, 281
Carr, Waggoner, 249–50
Carter, Eugene W., 189, 190
Carter, Jimmy, 332–33, 339, 341, 342, 361
Cartwright, Marquerite, 153, 154, 156
CBS, 51, 109, 125, 199, 313–14, 329–30, 336, 364
Celler, Emanuel, 5
Census Bureau, 338, 350
Central High School, Little Rock, Ark., 209–10, 212–15, 361
Chavez, Linda, 362
Cheney, Richard, 331
Chicago, Ill., 9–10; crime in, 326–27; Depression and, 28–29, 31–32, 121; first black mayor of, 354; West Englewood, 10, 12, 13, 15
Chicago, Ill., African Americans in, 20–21, 28, 32, 55–56, 86, 88–90; employment and, 40, 43, 89–90; health care and, 88–89; housing and, 42, 88; orphans and, 93–97; race riot of 1919 and, 17–20
Chicago Defender, 3–4, 21–23, 28, 32, 36, 40–43, 46, 50, 54, 57, 63, 68, 71, 85–87, 89–92, 93–97, 98–106, 111, 117, 125, 131, 138, 145, 170, 172, 179, 182, 187, 192, 194, 208, 217, 222, 229, 238, 240, 274, 297, 301–2, 308, 310, 315, 323, 333, 337, 338, 358, 360, 364, 371, 388; articles on Japanese women and soldiers published in, 73–78, 87–88; Bandung Conference and, 150, 156–57, 168; as daily paper, 177; Dowling story and, 141–43; Payne hired by, 77–78, 81, 85–87; Payne hired for Vietnam reportage by, 251, 255, 258; Payne’s leaving of, 223–25, 226, 251, 300, 335, 336; Payne made Washington correspondent for, 106, 107–18; Payne’s return as Washington correspondent, 273–74; requests to bring Payne back to Chicago office, 223–25, 226, 300–301, 324–25, 333–34; Till and, 174; Vietnam War and, 251, 255, 256, 258
Chicago Public Library Training School, 38–39, 86
Chicago Training School for City, Home, and Foreign Missions, 36–38
Chicago Tribune, 3, 23, 43, 46, 85, 229, 326, 340, 341
Childs, Marquis, 153
China, 153; Africa and, 319–20; Bandung Conference and, 161, 162; Nixon in, 317, 322; Payne in, 317–22, 333
Chisholm, Shirley, 248, 302, 357, 365
Christian, James M., 385, 386
Church, Frank, 208
Churchill, Winston, 306–8
CIA, 154–56, 164
CIO, 147, 182, 219, 226
civil rights movement, 2–3, 98–101, 120–21, 126, 138, 141, 149, 166, 172, 177, 180, 187–88, 191, 193, 200–201, 204–5, 208, 210, 218, 233, 239–41, 243, 272, 290, 296–97, 384; Civil Rights Act of 1957, 203, 204–8, 217, 230–31, 234, 243, 244, 295; Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1–2, 4–5, 243–45, 247, 257, 278, 296; Eisenhower and, 102, 126–28, 133–34, 140, 144–46, 171–73, 203, 208, 212–15, 220–21; international dimension of, 200, 304, 363; Interracial Commission and, 51, 52–55, 57; Kennedy and, 205–6, 208, 233–34, 239, 243–44, 295; lack of knowledge about, 388–89; leadership of, 182–84, 277, 279; March on Washington and, 239–43, 290; March on Washington Movement and, 2, 41–51, 54, 56, 181, 191, 201, 202, 232, 239–42, 282, 291; Mellon Auditorium assembly and, 187–88; Montgomery bus boycott and, 2, 50, 177, 179–80, 181–84, 188–91; Nixon and, 198–200, 202–3, 220, 295; Payne’s “South at the Crossroads” series and, 191–92; Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom and, 201, 202, 241; Selma to Montgomery marches, 245–47; voting rights and, 204, 205, 217–18, 242, 245, 247; Voting Rights Act of 1965, 247, 257, 278, 296, 297; white press and, 361; see also segregation and integration
Civil Service Commission, 55
Claiborne, William, 369
Clark, Kenneth and Mamie, 131
Clark, Ramsey, 310
Clift, Eleanor, 366
Clift, Woodbury, 366
Cohn, Roy, 123
Coleman, Frankie, 211
Coleman, Martha, 339
Coleman, Milton, 357–60
Coliseum Meeting, 43–47
Collier-Thomas, Bettye, 372–73
Collins, Cardiss, 327–28
Color Curtain, The (Wright), 195–96
communism, 49, 100, 119, 121, 154, 156, 164, 276, 316; McCarthy and, 121–25, 133, 134
Congress for Cultural Freedom, 155–56
Congressional Black Caucus, 301, 374–75
Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, 372
Connally, John, 249
Constitution, 4, 100, 130, 245; Twenty-Fourth Amendment to, 249
Conyers, John, Jr., 288–89
Cooke, Janet, 358–59
COPE, 226–27, 236
Copernicus Elementary School, 15–16, 23
Cosby, Bill, 366
Council on Foundations, 381
Cousins, Norman, 163, 168
Cowles, John, Sr., 155
Crane Junior College, 30–31, 35–36, 157
crime, 327; in Chicago, 326–28
Crisis, 32, 54, 99, 327
Crusade for Freedom, 156
Currie, Kathleen, 370, 389
Daily Worker, 123, 124, 160
Daley, Richard M., 354
Darion, Joe, 311
Davis, Belva, 314
Davis, Benjamin O., Jr., 256, 271
Davis, Herman “Skip,” 230, 372
Davis, Jefferson, 189, 194
Davis, John, 129
Davis, Marquerite, 64, 65
Dawkins, Wayne J., 387
Dawson, William, 99, 120, 234
DeLaine, Joseph A., 183
Delaney, Paul, 354
Dellums, Ron, 322–23, 385
Delta Sigma Theta, 325, 327, 337, 351–52, 365, 368, 369, 379, 385
Democratic National Committee, 232, 233, 235–37, 240, 242, 247–49, 257
Democratic National Conventions: of 1952, 98–101, 244; of 1956, 193; of 1960, 234; of 1968, 295–96; of 1972, 302–3
Democratic Party, 2, 98, 99, 111, 120, 187–88, 191, 194–95, 203, 204, 208, 210, 232, 234, 236, 242–43, 245, 248–50, 302, 375
Denniston, Arabella, 233
Depression, 27–29, 31–32, 39, 40, 121
Dewey, John, 23
Dewey, Thomas, 146
Diggs, Charles, Jr., 174, 188, 312
Dirksen, Everett, 5, 247
Dixon, Margaret, 24–26, 39
Dobrynin, Anatoly, 273
Douglass, Frederick, 353, 370, 380
Dowling, James E., 141–43
“Driftwood” (Payne), 32–34
Du Bois, W. E. B., 35, 86, 163, 182, 197
Dukakis, Michael, 375–76
Dukes, Ofield, 300, 324
Dulles, Allen, 155
Dulles, John Foster, 153, 191
Dumas, Joseph, 379
Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 13–14
Dunnigan, Alice, 112–14, 133, 138, 139, 145–46, 344
Dymally, Mervyn, 375
Eastland, James, 176, 192, 194, 205
Ebony, 230, 312, 329
Eckford, Elizabeth, 209, 211, 214
Edelman, Marian Wright, 374
Edmund Pettus Bridge, 245, 246
Edwards, Audrey, 361
EEOC, 298
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 2, 108–11, 113–16, 130, 139, 141, 143–44, 146, 162, 175, 184, 193, 194, 196, 199, 224; Bandung Conference and, 152–53; civil rights and, 102, 126–28, 133–34, 140, 144–46, 171–73, 203, 208, 212–15, 220–21; election of, 101–2; Faubus and, 212, 214; Payne and, 114–15, 135–37, 139–40, 144–49, 173, 224, 298
Eisenhower, Mamie, 146
Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, 215
Elizabeth II, Queen, 215
Ellington, Duke, 298
Elks, 227, 237
Emancipation Proclamation, 46, 134, 239, 240, 243, 246
employment, 43, 141, 148–49; in Chicago, 40, 43, 89–90
Enterprise, USS, 261–62
Ervin, Sam, 205
Essence, 361
Ethel L. Payne Fellowship, 387–88
Evers, Medgar, 175
Evers, Myrlie, 285
Faisal, Prince, 164
Fall, Bernard, 270
Farrakhan, Louis, 358, 378
Faubus, Orval, 209, 210, 212–15
Fauntroy, Walter, 284
FBI, 50, 122, 164, 215, 299, 322–23
Federal City Club, 297
Federal Council of Negro Affairs, 103
Feldman, Mike, 297
Feminine Mystique, The (Friedan), 248
FEPC, 43, 54
FHA, 136
Final Call, 378
Finch, Robert, 312
Fisk Forum, 355
Fisk University, 343–44, 350, 352–56
FitzGerald, Frances, 270
Fleeson, Doris, 197
Folliard, Edward T., 144–45, 149
Ford, Gerald, 331–32
Ford Foundation, 336
Foreign Correspondents’ Club, 71, 77
Forest, Lorenzo, 264–65
Foster, Stephen, 167
Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, 65
Frederick, John T., 39
Friedan, Betty, 248, 329
Gandhi, Mahatma, 50, 192
Garvey, Marcus, 197
Gates, Mahlon Eugene, 269
Gellhorn, Martha, 270
George Washington University, 336
Germany, 56, 169–70
Ghana, 196–99, 202, 304, 378
Goldwater, Barry, 248, 249
Goodlett, Carlton, 329
Goodwin, Edward L., Sr., 104–5, 223
Granger, Lester, 141–43, 155, 198
Grass, Martha, 291
Gray, Fred, 182, 184
Gray, Louis Patrick, III, 322
Gray, Thelma Elizabeth (sister), 11, 12–13, 26, 27–29, 69, 102, 163, 309, 320, 324, 371–73
Gray, William, III, 386
Great Books, 69
Green, Dwight, 50, 51
Green, Ernest, 361
Green, Victor H., 105
Gregory, Dick, 343–44
Grooms, Harlan Hobart, 184
Hagerty, James, 114–16, 135, 139, 146–47, 171–72, 215, 220
Haiti, 156, 157
Halberstam, David, 323
Haley, Alex, 349, 370
Haley, George, 370
Hall, Robert, 123, 124
Hamer, Fannie Lou, 325
Hansberry, Carl A., 88
Hansberry, Lorraine, 88
Harriday, Mamie, 300
Harriman, Averell, 193
Harris, Louis, 249
Hart, John, 313
Harvard University, 382
Harvey, Fred, 388
Hatcher, Andrew, 237
Hatcher, Richard, 302
Hayes, Ira, 306
Haynes, Gillie, 351
Hays, Brooks, 212, 213
Hayward, J. C., 372
Hearst, William Randolph, 21
Height, Dorothy, 291
Hemingway, Ernest, 24–26
Hicks, James L., 71–74, 178–80, 185, 209
Higgins, Marguerite, 388
Hill, J. Lister, 101
Hill, Oliver, 81
Himes, Chester, 36
Hooks, Benjamin, 337, 340
Hoover, J. Edgar, 299
Hope, Bob, 259, 260, 262
housing, 135–36, 139, 142, 149; in Chicago, 42, 88
Howard University, 102, 201, 279, 325; choir of, 107–8, 114–16, 119, 386
Huff, William Henry, 176
Hughes, Langston, 125
Humphrey, Hubert, 5, 99, 188, 295–96, 302, 314, 328
Huntley, Chet, 163, 164
Hurley, Ruby, 175, 185
If He Hollers Let Him Go (Himes), 36
Indonesia, 150–51, 152–59, 160–68, 172, 180, 195, 200, 304
Inland Steel, 90
Interracial Commission, 51, 52–55, 57
Iyalla, Joe, 304, 305
Jack, Homer A., 163
Jackson, C. D., 154
Jackson, Jackie, 382
Jackson, Jesse, 285, 289–90, 302, 310–12, 341–42, 375–76, 382, 385; Coleman and, 357–60; presidential candidacy of, 357
Jackson, Mahalia, 201
Jackson, Yusef, 382
Jackson State University, 350–52
James, Daniel “Chappie,” Jr., 311, 328
Japan, 57; Korean War and, 69–70, 71, 76; occupation babies in, 64–66, 272; Payne in, 59, 60–70, 71–79, 87–88, 90, 169, 263, 268, 272; women and soldiers in, 72–78, 272
Jarrett, Vernon, 4
Jennings, T. H., 183
Jet, 173, 174, 199, 202, 221, 222, 237, 257, 311, 368
Johns, Barbara Rose, 79–81, 129
Johns, Vernon, 80
Johnson, Avis Ruth (sister), 12–13, 28, 29, 57, 235, 371–73, 387
Johnson, David Payne (nephew), 376
Johnson, James (brother-in-law), 235
Johnson, James A. “Jimmy” (nephew), 228–31, 235–36, 385
Johnson, Lady Bird, 276–77, 303, 328
Johnson, Luci Baines, 303
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 233–36, 243–44, 245–49, 257, 271, 282, 284, 295–97, 303, 328, 386; Civil Rights Act of 1957 and, 206–7, 234, 243; Civil Rights Act of 1964 and, 1–2, 4–5, 243–45; King and, 276–77
Johnson, Mordecai, 201
Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, 337
Jordan, Barbara, 251
Jordan, Vernon, 339–41
Joseph, James A., 381, 386–87
Justice Department, 54, 112, 175, 205, 207, 218, 292
Kase, Toshikazu, 68
Kempton, Murray, 238
Kennedy, Edward, 339–40
Kennedy, Jacqueline, 235, 285
Kennedy, John F., 220, 233, 237, 240–41, 243, 297; assassination of, 1, 243–44; civil rights and, 205–6, 208, 233–34, 239, 243–44, 295; election of, 234–35
Kennedy, Robert F., 5, 240, 290–91, 295
Kenya, 330, 348, 365
Kenyatta, Jomo, 330
Kerner Report, 299
King, Coretta Scott, 198, 285, 291, 328, 368, 376
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 2, 5, 50, 180, 181, 182, 191, 192, 194, 198, 200–202, 235, 238, 243, 244, 247, 277–80, 282–83, 288, 299, 352, 359, 376, 380, 386, 389; assassination of, 283–85; at Capital Press Club, 274–76; jailing of, 239; Johnson and, 276–77; March on Washington speech of, 241–42; Montgomery bus boycott and, 184, 188–91; Nixon and, 198–99, 203, 204, 295; Poor People’s Campaign of, 280–81; radicals and, 277; Southern Christian Leadership Conference of, 248, 277–81; Vietnam War and, 257, 258, 274–76
Kissinger, Henry, 309, 329–32, 349
Kitt, Eartha, 276–77
Kleeman, Richard, 180
Komer, Robert, 256
Korean War, 69–70, 71, 76, 271
Labor Department, 235
La Guardia, Fiorello, 42
Lange, Karen, 387
Lautier, Louis, 112–14, 133, 139, 146, 153–56, 203
LBJ Presidential Library, 303, 337
Lee, George, 191
Lee, Vivian, 62
Lehman, Herbert, 98–99
Leonard, Walter J., 343, 353, 355
Lester, Amy, 95–96
Lewis, John, 310
Liberia, 157, 200, 330
Life, 127, 154
Lincoln, Abraham, 1, 246
Lincoln Day Dinner, 107–8, 114–15
Lindblom Technical High School, 23–27, 39
Lisagor, Peter, 199
Little, Frank, 62
Little Women (Alcott), 30, 31
Little Rock, Ark., 210–12, 351; Central High School, 209–10, 212–15, 361
Liuzzo, Viola, 247
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 212
Long, Russell, 205, 285
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 37
Longworth, Alice Roosevelt, 118
Lorch, Grace, 211
Lorch, Lee, 210–11, 328
Los Angeles Times, 116, 172
Lowther, Kevin, 366–67
Lubowski, Anton, 378
Lucas, C. Payne, 345–46, 380
Lucas, Patricia, 346
Lucy, Autherine, 177–79, 184–87, 217
MacArthur, Douglas, 70, 71, 76–79, 87, 272
Madison, Afreda, 374–75
Magloire, Paul, 156
Malan, Daniel, 101
Malcolm X, 352–53
Mandela, Nelson, 363, 367, 379–80, 387
Mandela, Winnie, 367–69, 379–80, 387
Mansfield, Mike, 247
Manton, Thomas B., 317–18
Mao Zedong, 318
March on Washington, 239–43, 290
March on Washington Movement, 2, 41–51, 54, 56, 181, 191, 201, 202, 232, 239–42, 282, 291
Marshall, Thurgood, 77, 81, 129–30, 175, 182–83, 185–87, 297, 309
Martin, Louis, 74, 77–78, 86–87, 106, 108, 110, 116–17, 142–43, 145, 150, 177, 215, 229, 297, 300, 338, 344, 358; Bandung Conference and, 156–57; and Defender’s closing of Washington bureau, 223–25; Vietnam War and, 257–58, 271
Marx, Karl, 124
Mauldin, Bill, 287
Mazique, Edward C., 284, 288
McCarthy, Joseph, 121–25, 133, 134, 365
McClellan, John, 124–25, 279–80
McClendon, Sarah, 300
McCulloch, William, 5
McFarlane, Bryan, 370
McGovern, George, 302, 303
McKavitt, Matthew, 54–55
Meany, George, 232
Medicare, 237, 248
Medill School of Journalism, 86, 370–71
Meer, Fatima, 379
Meese, Edwin, III, 360
Metcalfe, Ralph, Sr., 323
Metropolitan Women’s Democratic Club, 232–33
Michener, James, 163
Midway, USS, 364
Miller, Juanita, 346, 348
Miller Brewing Company, 370
Milloy, Courtland, 375
Mills, Dean, 381
Mills, Maimouna, 387
Minneapolis Tribune, 155, 180
Mitchell, Clarence, Jr., 2, 137–38, 148, 175, 207, 231, 376
Mitchell, James P., 203
Mobutu Sese Seko, 309, 314–16, 330, 349
Modern Women Social and Charity Club, 42–43
Montague, Magnificent, 213–14
Montgomery, Ala., 194; bus boycott in, 2, 50, 177, 179–80, 181–84, 188–91, 277, 359, 388; Improvement Association, 180, 181, 190; Selma to Montgomery marches, 245–47
Morrow, E. Frederic, 109–11, 127
Mosley, Walter, 235
Moss, Annie Lee, 121–25, 365
Mothershed family, 212
Moton High School, 79–80, 129, 132
Moyers, Bill, 257–58, 271, 297
Moynihan, Daniel P., 298–99
Murphy, Frances, 386
Murphy, Reg, 320–21, 328
Murray, Pauli, 248
Murray, Willard, Jr., 292
Murrow, Edward R., 125
Mutual Black Network, 329–30
NAACP, 2, 35, 42, 45, 50–51, 54, 55, 77, 81, 109, 111, 129, 130, 133, 137, 139, 141, 176, 179, 182–83, 185–87, 207, 209, 231, 274, 278, 283, 313, 337; Crisis, 32, 54, 99, 327; Payne’s membership in, 227
NABJ (National Association of Black Journalists), 387–88
Nabrit, James, Jr., 279
Namibia, 366, 367, 377–78
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 161
National Black Political Convention, 301–2
National Conference on Black Power, 278
National Council of Negro Women, 117
National Negro Publishers Association, 112, 128, 153–54
National Newspaper Publishers Association, 298–99, 308, 329
National Organization for Women, 248
National Press Club, 111, 127, 154, 171, 324, 366
National Urban League, 32, 141–43, 148, 155, 156, 198, 290, 297, 310, 311, 323, 331–32, 339–41
Native Son (Wright), 38
Negro American Labor Council, 232
Negro Family, The (Moynihan), 298
Negro Motorist Green Book, The, 105
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 162, 163
Newseum, 388
Newspaper Guild, 92, 155, 224, 225
New York Amsterdam News, 4, 32, 153, 178
New Yorker, 32, 161
New York Herald Tribune, 116, 127
New York Times, 1, 22, 145, 146, 172, 180, 189, 207, 213, 274, 322, 337, 354
Nigeria, 304–8, 314
Nixon, Edgar D., 50, 181, 184
Nixon, Pat, 117, 198, 202, 203, 222, 309, 312
Nixon, Richard, 119–20, 171, 180, 196, 197, 199, 202, 219–20, 233, 295–99, 301, 303, 311–12, 316, 327; in Africa, 196–200, 202, 220, 221, 295, 308–9; in China, 317, 322; civil rights and, 198–200, 202–3, 220, 295; King and, 198–99, 203, 204, 295; Payne’s interview with, 200; at Payne’s party, 221–23, 236; Payne’s profile of, 219–10
Nkrumah, Kwame, 196–97, 199
Northwestern University, 39
O’Brien, Lawrence F., Jr., 244
O’Brien, Thomas, 228–29
O’Hara, Barratt, 228–29
Oklahoma Eagle, 104–6, 223
Operation Hunger, 367
Otnes, Fred, 388
Parks, Rosa, 176–77
Pastore, John, 206–7
Payne, Alice Wilma (sister), 12–13, 27, 28, 59
Payne, Alma Josephine (sister), 12–13, 28
Payne, Avis Ruth (sister), see Johnson, Avis Ruth
Payne, Bessie Austin (mother), 9–15, 29, 30, 38, 57, 59, 60, 66, 89, 145, 270, 299, 380–81; death of, 299–300; Ethel’s writing and, 24, 25, 31, 299; race riot and, 19; William’s death and, 26–27
Payne, Lemuel Austin (brother), 12–13, 15–16, 27, 28, 30; army service of, 56, 268
Payne, Ethel Lois: at AFL-CIO, 226–27, 231–33, 235, 236, 240; birth of, 10; 336–37; celebrity status of, 369–71; childhood of, 11–16, 17; death of, 382–83, 384; and decline of black press, 360–61; education of, 15–16, 23–27, 30–31, 35–37; essay contest entered by, 31; exhibit on life of, 380; first political journalism of, 98–103; funeral for, 385–86; generosity of, 218–19, 371–72; hair of, 165–66, 195–96; honors and awards of, 325, 365–66, 381, 387, 388; journalism chair created for, 343–44; law career desired by, 30, 37; library job of, 39, 40, 47, 48, 54, 55, 59; matron job of, 37–38; as nursery school teacher, 38; in paddy wagon incident, 57–58; parties of, 221–23, 236, 339; as radio and television commentator, 313–14, 336; romantic life of, 60, 66–67, 233, 340, 341; salary and finances of, 149–50, 218–19, 224, 226, 227, 273, 334, 336–38, 360, 371–72; speaking engagements of, 325–27, 354; writing ambition and short stories of, 24, 25, 30–34, 36–37, 39, 74; writing style of, 361
Payne, Thelma Elizabeth (sister), see Gray, Thelma Elizabeth
Payne, William A. (father), 9–11, 15, 91, 300; death of, 26–27, 91; race riot and, 19
Pearson, Drew, 171–72, 220
Phillip, Prince, 215
Phillips, Channing Emery, 296
Pierce, Samuel, 369
Pittsburgh Courier, 4, 42, 46, 70, 236, 274
Plessy v. Ferguson, 81, 130
Poor People’s Campaign, 280–81, 282–83, 285–93, 294
Pope, James, 310
Portrait in Black, 104
Portrait of a Queen: The Legacy of Ethel Lois Payne, 343
Postal Service, 388
Poussaint, Renee, 354, 372
Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr., 152–54, 158, 159, 168, 171, 188, 194, 198, 215, 315, 343
Powell, Jack, 108
Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom, 201, 202, 241
Price, Margaret, 236–38
Pulitzer, Joseph, 21
Pullman porters, 10–11, 19, 22, 42, 50; Payne’s series on, 91–92
Pyle, Ernie, 262
Rabb, Maxwell M., 110–11, 114, 116–18, 119, 120, 127–28, 136, 194
Rabb, Ruth, 118
Raisin in the Sun, A (Hansberry), 88
Randolph, A. Philip, 2, 41–50, 54–56, 58, 182, 198, 201, 202, 232, 239–44, 282, 291, 376
Raspberry, William, 370
Raye, John, 314, 338, 343, 372
Reagan, Ronald, 341–43, 350, 352, 360, 362, 369
Red Cross, 43, 58, 62, 64, 307
Reese, Jeannetta, 184
Reeves, Frank D., 233, 234, 236
Republican National Committee, 127, 194, 227
Republican National Conventions: of 1956, 193; of 1968, 294–95; of 1972, 303
Republican Party, 111, 113, 120, 187, 194–95, 197, 204, 228, 250, 302–3
Resurrection City, 286, 288–93, 294
Reynolds, Barbara, 341–43, 372
riots, 17–20, 49, 50, 53, 284
Robert Kennedy and His Times (Schlesinger), 365
Robert Russa Moton High School, 79–80, 129, 132
Robeson, Paul, 163
Robinson, Maurice, 313–14
Robinson, Max, 324
Robinson, Spottswood, III, 81, 129
Rockefeller, Nelson A., 153–56
Rogers, William P., 144, 308, 309, 330, 340
Rolark, Calvin W., 361
Rómulo, Carlos Peña, 158, 161
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 41–42, 67, 194
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 41–43, 49, 100n, 103, 112
Rougeau, John, 381–82
Rougeau, Weldon, 372
Rowan, Carl, 155, 164, 180, 209, 276
Roxborough, Mildred, 313
Rumsfeld, Donald, 311
Russell, Richard, Jr., 99–101, 205, 244
Russwurm, John B., 128, 370
Rustin, Bayard, 50, 241, 290, 311
St. John AME Church, 43, 190, 389
Salinger, Pierre, 297
Sanders, Charles, 329
Saunders, Doris, 338, 350
Scales, Vesharn, 346, 348
Scali, John, 199
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 365
SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference), 248, 277–81, 285; Poor People’s Campaign of, 280–81, 282–83, 285–93, 294
Scott, Hugh, 187
Scott, Valentina, 160–61
Seals, Connie, 327–28
Seaview Club, 62–64, 69, 71–72
segregation and integration, 41, 55, 101, 109, 119, 126, 127, 131, 137n, 173, 176, 194, 197, 201, 212, 215–16, 220, 238, 299, 364, 389; Bolling v. Sharpe and, 132; Brown v. Board of Education and, 81, 111, 121, 129–34, 139, 141, 144, 172, 180, 191, 201, 202, 207, 208, 212; on buses, 177; at Central High School (Little Rock), 209–10, 212–15; in interstate travel, 140, 144–45; in military, 40–41, 49; Plessy v. Ferguson and, 81, 130; at University of Alabama, 177–79, 184–87; Williams on, 227–28; see also civil rights movement
Selma to Montgomery marches, 245–47
Senghor, Léopold, 333
Sengstacke, John H. H., 21, 87, 109, 114, 119–20, 128, 145, 151, 153, 156, 174, 197, 219, 251, 255–56, 274, 308, 333–35, 371; requests to bring Payne back to Chicago office, 223–25, 226, 300–301, 324–25, 333–34
Sheean, Vincent, 163
Sheil, Bernard J., 53
Shigemitsu, Mamoru, 68
Shores, Arthur D., 185, 217–18
Simpson, Billy, 292
Simpson, Carole, 314
Singletary, Michelle, 387
Smaldone, Jennifer, 352
Small-Rougeau, Shirley, 325, 343, 372–73, 381–83, 385
Smathers, George, 206
Smith, Al, 109
Smith, Golden William, 91–92
Smith, Howard K., 199
Smith, Ian, 331
SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), 277, 280
Snyder, Murray, 136, 146
Social Security Administration, 248
Socolow, Sanford, 330
Somalia, 346–48
Sontag, Susan, 318–19
Sorensen, Theodore, 297
Sorrell, Maurice, 311
South Africa, 161, 331, 345, 363–69, 375, 377–80, 388
Sowell, Thomas, 360
Spectrum, 313–14, 364
Spencer, Stuart, 331
Spottswood, Stephen Gill, 227
Spraggs, Venice Tipton, 109, 110
Stans, Maurice, 309–10
State Department, 194, 197, 263, 330, 368
State Training School for Girls, 37–38
Steinbeck, John and Elaine, 259–60
Stennis, John, 176, 205
Stevenson, Adlai, 102, 127, 193, 194, 233
Stokes, Carl B., 243
Stone, Chuck, 360
Streitmatter, Rodger, 380
Sukarno, 162, 166
Supreme Court, 43, 144, 173; Bolling v. Sharpe, 132; Brown v. Board of Education, 81, 111, 121, 129–34, 139, 141, 144, 172, 180, 191, 201, 202, 207, 208, 212, 303; Plessy v. Ferguson, 81, 130
Sylvester, Art, 258
Symington, Stuart, Jr., 124, 233
Talmadge, Herman, 205
Tarbell, Ida M., 388
Taylor, Hobart, Jr., 237
Terry, Peggy, 291
Terry, Wallace, Jr., 213
Third World Conference on Women, 365
Thomas, Clarence, 360
Thurmond, Strom, 98, 205, 207, 244
Tijerina, Reies López, 289
Till, Emmett, 173–75, 191
Till, Louis, 175–76, 192
Time, 189, 198, 213n
Tower, John, 249–50
TransAfrica, 363
Trent, Barbara, 132
Trescott, Jacqueline, 354
Tri-State Defender, 120, 174
Truman, Harry, 60–62, 69, 70, 100n, 105, 112, 113
Tubman, William, 312
Tucker, Bruce, 355
Tucker, Sterling, 290
Turner, J. C., 232
Twenty-First Century Fellows Program, 381, 386
Twenty-Fourth Amendment, 249
Uganda, 200
U Nu, 163–64
United Nations, 69, 167, 349
University of Alabama, 177–79, 184–87
University of Chicago, 37
University of Missouri, 381
University of the District of Columbia, 337
U.S. Census Bureau, 338, 350
U.S. Information Agency, 333
U.S. Postal Service, 388
Vails, Donald, 385
Valeriani, Richard, 331
Veazey, Carlton W., 385
Verne, Jules, 168
Vietnam, 298; Payne in, 251, 255–67, 268–70
Vietnam War, 213n, 249, 255–67, 268–71; King and, 257, 258, 274–76
Voice of America, 132, 387
voting rights, 204, 205, 217–18, 242, 245, 247
Voting Rights Act of 1965, 247, 257, 278, 296, 297
Walker, John T., 366–67, 385
Wallace, George, 296, 314, 388
Warren, Earl, 130–32, 303
Washington, Booker T., 21, 182
Washington, D.C., 109; Payne made correspondent in, 106, 107–18; Payne’s return as correspondent in, 273–74
Washington, Harold, 354
Washington, Val J., 111, 193–94
Washington Post, 116, 127, 145, 172, 180, 189, 213n, 274, 354, 357–58, 368–70, 375, 380, 384, 387
Washington Press Club Foundation, 370
Washington Star, 145, 286
Waters, Enoch P., 3, 87, 110, 126, 148
Watts, André, 309
“We Are Americans, Too,” 48–50
Weaver, George L. P., 250
Weaver, Robert C., 103
Westmoreland, William C., 260, 266–67, 271
Whalen, Grover, 117
Whickam, Katie E., 248
White, Walter, 45, 103, 125
Whitman, Walt, 167
Wiggins, Lillian, 304–7
Wilkins, Roy, 54, 175, 186, 201, 227, 283, 285, 292, 312–13, 343, 352, 359, 376
William and Bessie Payne Memorial Scholarship, 300
Williams, Clara Austin, 10
Williams, Clare B., 227–28
Williams, Eddie N., 337
Williams, Eugene, 18
Williams, Hosea, 290, 376
Wilson, L. Alex, 71–75, 174, 209, 215
Wilson, Leonard, 179, 186
women, 291–92; black, 340–41, 352; rights of, 166–67
Women’s Scholarship Association, 326
Woodson, Robert L., 344, 369
World War II, 40–42, 47, 49, 58, 271; end of, 56–58, 69
WPA, 39, 54
Wright, Richard, 36, 38, 39, 88–89, 152, 195–96; in Indonesia, 155–56, 159, 165–66, 195
Yearwood, Tracey Scruggs, 388
Yorty, Sam, 292
Young, Andrew, 287
Young, Whitney, Jr., 244, 297, 310–12, 327, 339, 343, 352
Youssoufou, Oumarou, 344
Zaire, 313–16, 330, 349
Zhou Enlai, 153, 161–64
Zion Baptist Church, 385
Zola, Émile, 36