WORKS WRITTEN BEFORE 1850
Albertus Magnus, Die Heimligkeit des Weiblichen geschlechts (Frankfurt: Sigmund Feyrabendt, 1581).
Alexander of Tralles. Alexander von Tralles: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Medicin. Edited by Theodor Puschmann. 2 vols. Vienna: Wilhelm Braumüller, 1878.
Andrault, Raphaële. “Mathématiser la médecine,” presented at the conference, Leibniz and the Empirical, Orotava, Spain, February, 2009.
Andry de Bois-Regard, Nicolas. De la génération des vers dans le corps de l’homme. Amsterdam, 1700.
Anonymous (attributed to Albertus Magnus), Die Heimligkeit des Weiblichen geschlechts. Frankfurt: Sigmund Feyrabendt, 1581.
Augustine, Bishop of Hippo. The Trinity. Circa 399–422. Translated by Stephen McKenna. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1963.
———. The City of God against the Pagans, ed. R. W. Dyson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Baer, Karl Ernst von. De ovi mammalium et hominis genesi. Leipzig: Sumptibus Vossii, 1827.
Baglivi, Giorgio. Opera omnia medico-practica et anatomica. 7th ed. Leiden: Sumptibus Anisson and Joannis Posuel, 1710.
Bartholin, Thomas. Anatomia reformata. Leiden: Apud Franciscvm Hackivm, 1651.
Baxter, Richard. Of the Nature of Spirits: Especially Mans Soul. London, 1682.
Becher, Joachim. Physicæ subterraneæ. Frankfurt: J. D. Zunneri, 1669.
———. Närrische Weisheit und weise Narrheit. Frankfurt: Zubrodt, 1683.
Bernoulli, Johann. Dissertatio chymico-physica de effervescentia et fermentation. Basel, 1690.
———. Dissertatio inauguralis physico-anatomica de motu musculorum. Basel, 1694. On the Mechanics of the Movement of the Muscles. Translated by Paul Maquet. Philadelphia: Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 1997.
Bertram, Johannes Friedrich. Eine bescheidene Prüfung der Meinung von der Præexistentz oder dem Vorherseyn menschlicher Seelen in organischen Leibern. Bremen: Nathanael Saurmann, 1741.
Bock, Hieronymus. Neu Kreutterbuch. Strassburg: Durch J. Rihel, 1577.
Boerhaave, Hermann. Institutiones medicae, in usus annuae exercitationis domesticos. Leiden, 1708.
Bonnet, Charles. Considérations sur les corps organisés. Amsterdam: Marc Michel Rey, 1762.
Boyle, Robert. New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall, Touching the Spring of the Air, and Its Effects. London: H. Hall, 1660.
———. Works, edited by Michael Hunter and Edward B. Davis. 14 vols. London: Pickering and Chatto, 2000.
Broekhuizen, Benjamin van. Oeconomia corporis animalis sive cogitationes succinctae, de mente, corpore, et utriusque conjunctione. Nijmegen: Regneri Smetii, 1672.
Bulwer, John. Chirologia; or, the Naturall Language of the Hand. London: Tho. Harper, 1644.
Bulwer, John. Anthropometamorphosis: Man Transform’d; or, the Artificiall Changling. London: William Hunt, 1653.
Burnet, James, Lord Monboddo. Of the Origin and Progress of Language. 6 vols. Edinburgh, 1773–92.
Cavendish, Margaret. Observations upon Experimental Philosophy. London: A. Maxwell, 1666.
Chambers, Ephraim. Cyclopaedia; or, An Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. 2 vols. London: J. and J. Knapton, 1728.
Charleton, Walter. Natural History of Nutrition, Life, and Voluntary Motion. London, 1659.
———. Oeconomia animalis novis in medicina hypothesibus superstructa et mechanice explicata. London: R. Danielis, 1659.
Cicero. De natura deorum II, 64.
Conring, Hermann. De antiquissimo statu Helmestadii et viciniae coniecturae. Helmstedt: Müller, 1665.
Conway, Anne. Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy. 1692. Translated and edited by Taylor Corse and Alison P. Coudert. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Cudworth, Ralph. The Intellectual System of the Universe: Wherein All the Reason and Philosophy of Atheism is Confuted and Its Impossibility Demonstrated. London: Thomas Tegg, 1845.
Cureau de la Chambre, Marin. A Discourse of the Knowledge of Beasts, wherein all that hath been said for, and against their Ratiocination is Examined. London: Tho. Newcomb, 1657.
Descartes, René. Oeuvres de Descartes. Edited by Charles Adam and Paul Tannery. 11 vols. Paris: J. Vrin, 1970.
Diderot, Denis. Eléments de physiologie. 1774–84. Edited by Jean Mayer. Paris: Société des textes français modernes, 1964.
Dionysius (Benjamin ben Immanuel Mustaphia). Sacro-Medicae Sententiae ex Bibliis. Amsterdam, 1640.
Ehrenberg, C. G. Die Infusionsthierchen als vollkommende Organismen. Ein Blick in das tiefere organische Leben der Natur. Leipzig: Voss, 1838.
Fernel, Jean. Physiologia. 1567. Translated and annotated by John M. Forrester. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 2003.
Feuerbach, Ludwig. Darstellung, Entwicklung und Kritik der Leibnitz’schen Philosophie. Ansbach: C. Brügel, 1837.
Ficino, Marsilio. Three Books on Life. 1489. Edited and translated by Carol V. Kaske and John R. Clark. Binghamton: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 1989.
Garden, George. “A Discourse concerning the Modern Theory of Generation,” Philosophical Transactions (January 1691): 474–483.
Gassendi, Pierre. Opera omnia. Lyon, 1698. Reprint, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: F. Frommann, 1964.
Goclenius, Rudolphus. Lexicon Philosophicum, quo tantam clave philosophiae fores aperiuntur. 1613. Reprint, Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1980.
Goudin, Antoine. Philosophie suivant les principes de Saint Thomas. Paris, 1668. Translated by Thomas Bourard. Paris: Poussielgue-Rusand, 1864.
Grew, Nehemiah. Cosmologia Sacra; or, A Discourse of the Universe as It Is the Creature and Kingdom of God. London, 1701.
Gwither, Dr., and Owen Lloyd. “Discourse of Physiognomy.” Philosophical Transactions 18, no. 210 (1694): 118–20.
Hanovius, Michael Christopher (Michał Krzysztof Hanov). Geologia, biologia, phytologia generalis et dendrologia. Vol. 3, Gesammelte Werke. Halle, 1766.
Harvey, William. Exercitationes de generatione animalium. Quibus accedunt quaedam de partu; de membranis ac humoribus uteri; & de conceptione. London: Typis Du-Gardianis; Impensis O. Pulleyn, 1651.
Highmore, Nathaniel. The History of Generation. London: R. N., 1651.
Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan, Parts I and II. Edited by A. P. Martinich. London: Blackwell, 2005.
Hogelande, Cornelis van. Cogitationes, quibus Dei existentia item animae spiritualitas et possibilis cum corpore unio demonstrantur; nec non brevis historia oeconomiae corporis animalis proponitur, atque mechanice explicatur. Amsterdam: Ludovicus Elzevirius, 1646.
Hooke, Robert. Micrographia; or, Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses. London: Jo. Martyn and J. A. Allestry, 1665.
Kant, Immanuel. Gesammelte Schriften. 29 vols. Berlin: Königlich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1902–13.
———. Lectures on Ethics, translated by Louis Infield. New York: Harper and Row, 1963.
———. Von den verschiedenen Rassen der Menschen, in Werke, Band 9. 1775. Darmstadt, 1964.
Kircher, Athanasius. Scrutinium physico-medicum contagiosae luis, quae pestis dicitur. Rome: Typis Mascardi, 1658.
La Mettrie, Julien Offray de. Oeuvres philosophiques. 2 vols. Berlin, 1774. Reprint, Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1970.
Leeuwenhoek, Antoni van. Alle de brieven van Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. Vol. 14. Amsterdam: Swets and Zeitlinger B.V., 1996.
Le Grand, Antoine. An Entire Body of Philosophy according to the Principles of Renate Des Cartes. London: S. Roycroft, 1694.
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm. Otium hanoveranum, sive Miscellanea ex ore & schedis illustris Viri, piae memoriae Godofr. Guilielm. Leibnitii. Edited by Joachim Friedrich Feller. Leipzig: Johann Christian Martin, 1718.
———. Epistolae ad diversos, theologici, iuridici, medici, philosophici, mathematici, historici et philologici argumenti. Edited by Christian Kortholt. 4 vols. Leipzig: Breitkopf, 1734–42.
———. Svmmi polyhistoris Godefridi Gvilielmi Leibnitii Protogaea, sive, De prima facie tellvris et antiqvissimae historiae vestigiis in ipsis natvrae monvmentis dissertatio. Edited by Christian Ludwig Scheidt. Göttingen: Svmptibus Ioh. Gvil. Schmidii, 1749.
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm. Gothofredi Guilelmi Leibnitii Opera Omnia. Edited by Louis Dutens. 6 vols. Geneva: De Tournes, 1768. Reprint, Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1989.
———. Leibnitz’s Deutsche Schriften. Edited by G. E. Guhrauer. 2 vols. Berlin: Veit, 1838–40.
———. Leibnizens gesammelte Werke. Edited by Georg Heinrich Pertz. 4 vols. Hanover, 1843–47.
———. Leibniz: Album aus den Handschriften der Königlichen Bibliothek zu Hannover. Edited by C. L. Grotefend. Hanover: Hahn, 1846.
———. Die mathematischen Schriften von G. W. Leibniz. Edited by C. I. Gerhardt. 7 vols. Berlin and Halle, 1849–63.
———. Die Werke von Leibniz, erste Reihe: Historisch-politische und staatswissenschaftliche Schriften. Edited by Onno Klopp. 11 vols. Hanover: Klind-worth, 1864–84.
———. Sbornik” pisem” i memorialov” Leïbnitsa otnosyashchikhsya k Rossii i Petru Velikomu. Edited by V. I. Ger’e [Guerrier]. Saint Petersburg, 1873.
———. Die philosophischen Schriften von G. W. Leibniz. Edited by C. I. Gerhardt. 7 vols. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1875–90.
———. Oeuvres de Leibniz. Edited by A. Foucher de Careil. 7 vols. 2nd ed. Paris, 1875.
———. Die Leibniz-Handschriften. Edited by E. Bodemann. Hanover and Leipzig, 1895.
———. Opuscules et fragments inédits de Leibniz: Extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque royale de Hanovre. Edited by Louis Couturat. Paris: Félix Alcan, 1903.
———. Nachgelassene Schriften physikalischen, mechanischen und technischen Inhalts. Edited by Ernst Gerland. Leipzig, 1906. Reprint, Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1995.
———. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Sämtliche Schriften und Briefe. Edited by Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften. Darmstadt and Leipzig: 1923–present.
———. Leibniz: textes inedits d’après les manuscrits de la Bibliothèque provinciale de Hanovre. Edited by Gaston Grua. 2 vols. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1948.
———. Protogaea. Edited and translated by W. von Engelhardt. Stuttgart: Kohlhommer, 1949.
———. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Philosophical Papers and Letters. Edited and translated by Leroy Loemker. 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1969.
———. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Philosophische Schriften. Edited and translated by Hans Heinz Holz. 5 vols. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1985.
———. G. W. Leibniz: Philosophical Essays. Edited and translated by Roger Ariew and Daniel Garber. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishers, 1989.
———. Leibniz: Protogaea: De l’aspect primitif de la terre. Edited by Jean-Marie Barrande. Translated by Bertrand de Saint Germain. Toulouse: Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 1993.
———. Protogaea. Edited and translated by Claudine Cohen and Andre Wakefield. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008.
Lesser, Friedrich Christian. Théologie des insectes, ou demonstration des perfections de Dieu. La Haye, 1742. Originally published in German as InsectoTheologia. Frankfurt and Leipzig: Blochberger, 1738.
Locke, John. Essay concerning Human Understanding. Edited by Peter H. Nid-ditch. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975.
Lower, Richard. Tractatus de corde. Item de motu et colore sanguinis, et chyli in eum transitu. Amsterdam: Daniel Elzievirius, 1669.
Malebranche, Nicolas. Oeuvres complètes de Malebranche. Edited by André Robinet. Paris: J. Vrin, 1958–84.
Malpighi, Marcello. Opere scelte di Marcello Malpighi. Edited by Luigi Belloni. Turin, Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese, 1968.
Maupertuis, Pierre-Louis Moreau de. Oeuvres. 4 vols. Lyon: Jean-Marie Bruyset, 1756. Reprint, Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1965–74.
Mauriceau, François. Des maladies des femmes grosses et accouchées. Paris: Jean Henault, 1668.
Micraelius, Johannes. Lexicon Philosophicum terminorum philosophis usitatorum. 2nd ed. Stettin, 1662. Reprint, Düsseldorf: Stern-Verlag Janssen, 1966.
Monconys, Balthasar de. Journal des voyages de Monsieur de Monconys. 3 vols. Lyons: Boissat and Remeus, 1665–66.
More, Henry. Democritus Platonissans; or, An Essay upon the Infinity of Worlds. Cambridge: Roger Daniel, 1646.
———. The Immortality of the Soul, So farre forth as it is demonstrable from the Knowledge of Nature and the Light of Reason. London, 1659. Reprint edited by A. Jacob. Dordrecht; Boston: Nijhoff, 1987.
Müller, Otto Friedrich. Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Copenhagen and Leipzig: Heineck & Faber, 1773.
Newton, Isaac. Opticks; or, A treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections & colours of light. Based on the 4th ed., London, 1730. New York: Dover, 1952.
Nicholas of Cusa, Cardinal. De coniecturis. 1442–43. In Opera Omnia¸ vol. 3. Leipzig-Hamburg: Meiner, 1932–2007.
Nifo, Agostino. Expositiones in omnes libros De historia animalium, De partibus animalium et earum causis ac De generatione animalium. Venice: Hieronymum Scotum, 1546.
Oldenburg, Henry. The Correspondence of Henry OIdenburg. Edited and translated by A. Rupert Hall and Marie Boas Hall. 13 vols. Vols. 1–9, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965–73. Vols. 10–11, London: Mansell, 1975–76. Vols. 12–13, London: Taylor and Francis, 1986.
Origen. An Exhortation to Martyrdom, Prayer, and Selected Works. Edited and translated by Rowan A. Greer. Mahwah: Paulist Press, 1979.
Paracelsus (Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim). Sämtliche Werke. Edited by Bernard Aschner. 4 vols. Leipzig: Zentralantiquariat der DDR, 1975–77.
Petit, Alain. “Ralph Cudworth: Un platonisme paradoxal. La nature dans la Digression concerning the Plastick Life of Nature,” in The Cambridge Platonists in Philosophical Context, edited by G.A.J. Rogers, J. M. Vienne, and Y. C. Zarka. Dordrecht; Boston: Kluwer, 1997, 101–10.
Petty, William. The Economic Writings of Sir William Petty, together with The Observations upon Bills of Mortality, more probably by Captain John Graunt. Edited by Charles Henry Hull. 2 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1899.
Philo of Alexandria. The Contemplative Life, The Giants, and Selections. Edited and translated by David Winston. Garden City: Doubleday, 1997.
Piso, Wilhelm. Historia naturalis et medica Brasiliae. Amsterdam, 1648.
Pomponazzi, Pietro. De naturalium effectuum admirandorum causis. 1520. Translated by Henri Busson. Les causes des merveilles de la nature ou les enchantements. Paris, 1930.
Ramazzini, Bernardo. De morbis artificium diatriba. Modena: Antonii Capponi, 1700.
Ray, John. Historia plantarum. 3 vols. London, 1686–1704.
Ray, John. The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation. London, 1691.
———. Synopsis methodica stirpium Brittanicarum. London: Smith and Walford, 1696.
———. De variis plantarum methodus dissertatio brevis. London: Smith and Walford, 1696.
Ruini, Carlo. Anatomia del cauallo, infermità, et suoi rimedii: opera nuoua, degna di qualsivoglia prencipe, & caualiere, & molto necessaria aà filosofi, medici, cauallerizzi, & marescalchi. Venice: F. Prati, 1618.
Rusius, Laurentius. Hippiatria sive marescalia. Paris: C. Wechel, 1532.
Scaliger, Julius Caesar. Exotericarum exercitationum liber XV. De subtilitate, ad Hieronymum Cardanum. Paris: Vascovani, 1557.
Schiller, Friedrich. On the Aesthetic Education of Man: In a Series of Letters. Edited and translated by Elizabeth M. Wilkinson and L. A. Willoughby. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967.
Schott, Kaspar. Mechanica Hydraulico-pneumatica, Qua Praeterquam quod Aquei Elementi natura, proprietas, vis matrix, atque occultus cum aere conflictus, a primis fundamentis demonstratur; omnis quoque generis Experimenta Hydraulico-pneumatica recluduntur; & absoluta Machinarum aqua & aere animandarum ratio ac methodus praescribitur. Würzburg, 1657.
Sennert, Daniel. Quaestionum medicarum controversarum liber, cui accessit tractatus de pestilentia. Wittenberg: Henckelius, 1609.
———. Hypomnemata physica. Venice: Juntas and Hertz, 1651.
———. Thirteen Books of Natural Philosophy. London: P. Cole, 1659.
Stahl, Georg Ernst. Georgii Ernesti Stahlii Negotium otiosum: Seu Σκιaμaχιa adversus positiones aliquas fundamentales, Theoriae verae medicae. Halle: Impensis Orphanotrophei, 1720.
Steno, Nicolaus (Niels Stensen). De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento dissertationis prodromus. Florence: Stellae, 1669.
Swammerdam, Jan. Ephemeri vita, of, Afbeeldingh van ‘s menschen leven. Amsterdam: Abraham Wolfgang, 1675.
Swift, Jonathan. Gulliver’s Travels. London: Penguin Books, 1994.
Sylvius, Franciscus (Franz de la Boë). Praxeos medicae idea nova. Leiden: Joannis Le Carpentier, 1671.
Torrey, Harry Beal. “Athanasius Kircher and the Progress of Medicine.” Osiris 4 (1938): 246–75.
Trembley, Abraham. Theses mathematici de infinito et calculo infinitesimali. Geneva: Marci-Michaelis Bousquet, 1730.
Tyson, Edward. Phocaena; or, the Anatomy of a Porpess, dissected at Greshame Colledge; with a Praeliminary Discourse concerning Anatomy, and a Natural History of Animals. London: Benjamin Tooke, 1680.
———. Orang-Outang, sive, Homo sylvestris; or, the Anatomy of a Pygmie, compared with that of a Monkey, an Ape, and a Man. London: Th. Bennett, 1699.
Wallis, John. “A Letter to Edward Tyson, concerning Mens feeding on flesh.” Philosophical Transactions 22, no. 269 (1700): 769–85.
Willis, Thomas. Cerebri anatome, cui accessit nervorum descripto et usus. London: Jo. Martyn and Ja. Allestry, 1664.
———. Opera Omnia. Geneva: Samuelem de Tournes, 1676.
WORKS WRITTEN AFTER 1850
Aarsleff, Hans. From Locke to Saussure: Essays on the Study of Language and Intellectual History. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1982.
Adams, Robert Merrihew. Leibniz: Determinist, Theist, Idealist. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Alquié, Ferdinand. La découverte métaphysique de l’homme chez Descartes. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1950.
Anstey, Peter, and Stephen Harris. “Locke and Botany.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 37 (2006): 151–71.
Antognazza, Maria Rosa. Leibniz: An Intellectual Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Ariew, Roger. “Leibniz on the Unicorn and Various Other Curiosities,” Early Science and Medicine 3, no. 4 (1998): 267–88.
Arthur, Richard T. W. “The Enigma of Leibniz’s Atomism.” In Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy, vol. 1, edited by Daniel Garber and Steven Nadler, 183–227. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
———. “Animal Generation and Substance in Sennert and Leibniz.” In The Problem of Animal Generation in Early Modern Philosophy, edited by Justin E. H. Smith, 304–59. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Atran, Scott. Cognitive Foundations of Natural History: Towards an Anthropology of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Aucante, Vincent. “Descartes’s Experimental Method and the Generation of Animals.” In The Problem of Animal Generation in Early Modern Philosophy, edited by Justin E. H. Smith, 65–79. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
———. La philosophie médicale de Descartes. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2006.
Avramescu, C
tlin. An Intellectual History of Cannibalism. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.
Ayers, Michael. Locke. 2 vols. London: Routledge, 1991.
Balss, Heinrich. “Praeformation und Epigenese in der Griechischen Philosophie.” Archeion 4 (1923): 319–25.
Baxter, Donald. “Corporeal Substances and True Unities.” Studia Leibnitiana 27 (1995): 157–84.
Bernardi, Walter. Le metafisiche dell’embrione: Scienze della vita e filosofia da Malpighi a Spallanzani (1672–1793). Florence: Olschki, 1986.
Bernstein, Howard. “Conatus, Hobbes, and the Young Leibniz.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 11 (1980): 25–37.
Blank, Andreas. “Sennert and Leibniz on Animate Atoms.” In Corporeal Substance and Machines of Nature in Leibniz, edited by Justin E. H. Smith and Ohad Nachtomy. Springer, 2010.
Boas Hall, Marie. “Hero’s Pneumatica: A Study of Its Transmission and Influence.” Isis 40, no. 1 (1949): 38–48.
Bowler, Peter. “Preformation and Preexistence in the Seventeenth Century: A Brief Analysis.” Journal of the History of Biology 4 (1971): 221–22.
Boyd, Richard. “Homeostasis, Species, and Higher Taxa.” In Species: New Interdisciplinary Essays, edited by Robert A. Wilson, 141–85. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.
Brandon, Robert N. “The Units of Selection Revisited: The Modules of Selection.” Biology and Philosophy 14, no. 2 (1999): 167–80.
Bredekamp, Horst. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’ Theater der Natur und Kunst. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2004.
———. “Kunstkammer, Play-Palace, Shadow Theatre: Three Thought Loci by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.” In Collection, Laboratory, Theater: Scenes of Knowledge in the 17th Century, edited by Jan Lazardig, Helmr Schramm, and Ludger Schwarte, 266–82. Berlin; New York: De Gruyter, 2005.
Broad, C. D. Leibniz: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975.
Brown, Stuart. “Leibniz and More’s Cabbalistic Circle.” In Of Mysticism and Mechanism: Tercentenary Studies of Henry More (1614–1687), edited by Sarah Hutton, 77–95. Boston: Kluwer, 1990.
———. “Malebranche’s Occasionalism and Leibniz’s Preestablished Harmony: An ‘Essay Crossing’ or an Unbridgeable Gap?” In Nicholas Malebranche: His Philosophical Critics and Successors, edited by Stuart Brown. Assen, Netherlands: Van Gorcum, 1991.
Burnett, C. S. F. “The Planets and the Development of the Embryo.” In The Human Embryo: Aristotle and the Arabic and European Traditions, edited by G. R. Dunstan, 113–22. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1990.
Bynum, William F. “The Anatomical Method, Natural Theology, and the Functions of the Brain.” Isis 64, no. 4 (1973): 444–68.
Bynum, W. F., and Vivian Nutton, eds. Theories of Fever from Antiquity to the Enlightenment. London: The Wellcome Institute, 1981.
Canguilhem, George. Études d’histoire et de philosophie des sciences. Paris: Vrin, 1983.
———. La connaissance de la vie. Paris: Vrin, 1998.
———. Le normal et le pathologique. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2003.
Carter, Richard Burnett. Descartes’ Medical Philosophy: The Organic Solution to the Mind-Body Problem. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.
Carvallo, Sarah. Stahl-Leibniz. Controverse sur la vie, l’organisme, et le mixte. Paris: Vrin, 2004.
Cassirer, Ernst. Die Philosophie der symbolischen Formen. Band II, Das mythische Denken. Berlin: B. Cassirer, 1925.
Cheung, Tobias. “From the Organism of a Body to the Body of an Organism: Occurrence and Meaning of the Word ‘Organism’ from the Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century.” British Journal for the History of Science 39 (2006): 319–39.
———. Res vivens. Agentenmodelle organischer Ordnung 1600–1800. Freiburg: Rombach Verlag, 2008.
Clark, Stuart. Thinking with Demons: The Idea of Witchcraft in Early Modern Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Clericuzio, Antonio. Elements, Principles, and Corpuscles: A Study of Atomism and Chemistry in the Seventeenth Century. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000.
———. “Chemistry of Life: Ferments and Fermentation in 17th-Century Iatro-chemistry.” Medicina nei Secoli 15, no. 2 (2003): 227–45.
Cohen, Claudine. “An Unpublished Manuscript by Leibniz (1646–1716) on the Nature of ‘Fossil Obects.’” Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 169, no. 1 (1998): 137–42.
Cottingham, John. “A Brute to the Brutes? Descartes’ Treatment of Animals.” Philosophy 53 (1978): 551–61.
Coutard, Jean-Pierre. Le vivant chez Leibniz. Paris: L’Harmattan, 2007.
Darwin, Charles. Darwin: A Norton Critical Edition. Edited by Philip Appleman. New York: W. W. Norton, 1979.
Daston, Lorraine, and Peter Galison. Objectivity. New York: Zone Books, 2007.
Daston, Lorraine, and Katharine Park. Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150–1750. New York: Zone Books, 1998.
Dawson, Virginia P. Nature’s Enigma: The Problem of the Polyp in the Letters of Bonnet, Trembley and Réaumur. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1987.
Debus, Allen G. The English Paracelsians. New York: Watts, 1965.
Des Chene, Dennis. Physiologia: Natural Philosophy in Late Aristotelian and Cartesian Thought. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996.
———. Spirits and Clocks: Machine and Organism in Descartes. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001.
Detlefsen, Karen. “Supernaturalism, Occasionalism, and Preformation in Malebranche.” Perspectives on Science 11, no. 4 (2003): 443–83.
Dobbs, Betty Jo Teeter. The Janus Face of Genius: The Role of Alchemy in Newton’s Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Duchesneau, François. La physiologie des Lumières. Empirisme, modèles et théories. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1982.
———. Les modèles du vivant de Descartes à Leibniz. Paris: Vrin, 1998.
Duchesneau, François. “Leibniz vs. Stahl on the Operation of Machines of Nature.” In Machines of Nature and Corporeal Substances in Leibniz, edited by Justin E. H. Smith and Ohad Nachtomy. Springer, 2010.
Duhem, Pierre. La théorie physique: Son objet, sa structure. Paris: Marcel Rivière, 1914.
Dumas, Marie-Noëlle. La pensée de la vie chez Leibniz. Paris: Vrin, 1976.
Dupré, John. The Disorder of Things: Metaphysical Foundations of the Disunity of Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.
Elster, Jon. Leibniz et la formation de l’esprit capitaliste. Paris: Aubier-Montaigne, 1975.
Feindel, William. “The Beginnings of Neurology: Thomas Willis and His Circle of Friends.” In The History of Neurology: The British Contribution, 1660–1910, edited by F. C. Rose, 1–18. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.
Fenves, Peter. “Imagining an Inundation of Australians; or, Leibniz on the Principles of Grace and Race.” In Race and Racism in Modern Philosophy, edited by Andrew Valls, 73–89. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2005.
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———. “Les machines de la nature.” Studia Leibnitiana 35, no. 1 (2003): 1–28.
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