8 During the last twenty-five years there have been some views contesting this traditional history of the Qur’an and maintaining that it was canonized at a later date. The reader can consult a survey and discussion of these views in Angelika Neuwirth, ‘The Qur’an and History: A Disputed Relationship’, Journal of Qur’anic Studies, 5/1 (2003), 1–18. Also see H. Motzki, ‘The Collection of the Qur’an: A Reconsideration of Western Views in Light of Recent Methodological Developments’, Der Islam (2001), 2–34.