INDEX INDEXAbbas I 167
Abbas II 178
Abd al-Aziz (sultan) 167
Abd al-Salam, Shadi 173–4, 175
Abu Simbel 13, 90, 93–4
Abydos 42–3, 44, 48, 87, 91
Aegyptiaca 41, 117
Aelius Gallus 86
Afrocentrism 143, 156–8, 159
Åkerblad, Johan 74
Akhenaten 31, 51, 178
Akkadian 62, 64
Aida 106, 130, 131
Alain (Daniel Brustlein) 96, 98, 103
alchemy 68
Alexander the Great 22, 40, 53, 123
(body of)
and Napoleon 33, 36, 54, 56
Alexandria 57, 65, 73, 90, 123
Alma-Tadema, Lawrence 108–10, 109, 111, 119
Amenhotep III 85–6, 86
Amnesty International 164
Amun, cult and priests of 52, 171, 178
Anubis 66, 182
anti-Semitism 157
Antinous 86–7
Apollo Belvedere 144, 146
Arabic
language 62, 64, 68, 180, 188
script 61, 141
source material in 37–8, 59, 67–8, 72, 115
archaeology, development of 46, 111, 166–8
Archimedes screw 83
Aristotle 69
Arsinoe II 99
Asante, Molefi Kete 157
el-Ashmunein 22
Assyria 40, 53, 97
Aswan 51, 70, 79, 90–93, 111
granite 176
High Dam 80, 92–3
Athena 18
Atlantis 36
Augustus (Octavian) 118, 123
Avicenna (Ibn Sina) 125
baboon (Thoth) 13, 15, 17–18, 21, 28–9, 31
al-Baghdadi, Abd el-Latif 37–8, 166
Bangles, The 96
Bankes, William John 74
Baudrillard, Jean 184–5
Beato, Antonio 91
de Beauharnais, Josephine 33
Belzoni, Giovanni 94
Berber language 62
Berlin Conference (1884) 151
Bernal, Martin 157–8
Bernini, Gian Lorenzo 69–70, 71, 79
Bible 36–7, 63, 124 (Joseph), 173
see also Moses
Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich 126, 145
Bonchard, Pierre-François 73
Bonomi, Joseph 103, 120
Book of the Dead 19, 20, 28
Bouchard, Pierre-François 73
Boulaq Museum 167, 168, 171
British Museum 19, 105, 106, 110, 136, 181
and Rosetta Stone 72, 73–4, 74, 76
Brooklyn Museum of Art 159
Browne, Sir Thomas 125
Brugsch, Emil 171
Brugsch, Heinrich 169
Bruno, Giordano 66
Bryan, William Jennings 37
Burton, Harry 138, 177
Cairo, Egyptian Museum of
Antiquities 18, 136, 167–8, 172
Cairo University 169, 176 Caucasian (as race) 145, 146
Calhoun, John 147
Camper, Petrus 144, 145
Canopus 87
Carnarvon, 5th Earl of 139–40, 177,
180 (family of)
Carter, Howard 107, 138–40, 177–80, 179
Champollion, Jean-François 58, 59, 69, 61, 74–5, 147
Christianity 25, 27, 64, 113
Christie, Agatha 90, 185
‘civilization’ (concept of) 45
Cleopatra (name) 58
Cleopatra III 99
Cleopatra VII 41, 98
in ancient art 99–101, 100
in literature 132
in Western art 113–16, 114, 117, 119–23
colonialism 29, 30, 108, 134, 155
and Egyptian economy 89–90, 172
and race science 126, 143
impact of 164–5, 173, 188
colossi of Memnon 85, 85, 86, 87
Cook, Thomas 90
Coptic language/script 64, 65, 68, 75
Corpus Hermeticum 26–8
corvée (forced labour) 168
cotton 30, 89–90, 146
Crowley, Aleister 30–31
CT-scans 149
Cuvier, Georges 126, 145
Crystal Palace Exhibition 102, 103, 106, 120
cultural memory see memory
Daoud pasha 170, 171
Darwin, Charles 147, 148
David, Jacques-Louis 33
Deir el-Bahri 170–71, 173–4
Deir el-Medina 52
Delamotte, Philip Henry 103
Delany, Martin Robison 150
Delle Valle, Pietro 125
Demotic language/script 63–4, 65, 67, 74, 75
Dendera 91
Denon, Vivant-Dominique 34, 35, 54, 104, 106, 120
Description de l’Égypte 54–7, 56, 88, 120, 166
Diop, Cheikh Anta 143, 155–6
Djoser 48–9, 53
Domitian 70, 79
Douglas, Aaron 153
Douglass, Frederick 150
Doyle, Arthur Conan 134
Du Bois, W.E.B. 151, 153, 154
Du Camp, Maxime 67, 132
Dynastic Race theory 128, 148
Ebers, Georg 130
Edfu 91
Edward VII 165
Egypt, ancient
and Africa 113, 141–3, 149–55, 156–61, 188
architecture 101–3
art 20, 50, 61, 81, 96–103, 182
as mysterious 29, 59–60
chronology of 36, 40–45
fauna 81–3
Greek contact with 22–3
importance of writing in 18, 19, 21, 25, 60
in cultural memory 13–14, 31–2, 184–9
in Western art 104–10, 115–16, 117–23
language 62, 156 see also
hieroglyphs
occult interest in 30–31, 36
prehistory of 44–8, 127–8
priests in 19, 21, 24–5
temples in 19, 21, 41, 44, 85–6, 101, 103
tourism 87
Western appropriation of 14–16, 30, 38–40, 55–7, 110–11, 113, 137, 160, 188–9
Egypt, modern
and ancient past 30, 163–6, 169, 172, 174–5, 178, 188
and contemporary art 159–60, 182–4
archaeological labour in 168–9, 179
feminism in 176
ties to USA 165, 181
tourism 90–92, 94–5, 104, 188–9
under British rule 92, 107, 111, 134, 178, 180, 188
1952 revolution 181, 188
2011 revolution 162, 163–4, 181
Egyptian Antiquities Museum, Cairo 18, 136, 167–8, 172
Egyptology
development of 130, 143, 158, 165, 168–70, 188–9
Egyptians excluded from 165, 169, 188
School of (Cairo) 168–9
Egyptomania 104, 105, 188
Elizabeth II 44
Enlightenment, the 28–30, 59, 72, 143, 145, 157
epistemology 72, 159
Esna 91, 92
Ethiopia 46, 151, 154
as description of race 35, 116, 126, 142, 144, 145
in ancient thought 87, 142
eugenics 127 see also race
Exposition universelle (Paris 1867) 168
fecundity figures 81
feminism 176
fez 174
flood see Nile
Four Rivers fountain 70–71, 71, 79
Franz Josef I 165
Freemasonry 29, 54, 105, 106, 142, 150, 151, 185
Freud, Sigmund 13–14, 17, 21, 28, 29, 31, 93
Fuller, Meta Warwick 152, 153–4
Galton, Francis 127, 148
Gardiner, Sir Alan 157
Garnet, Henry Highland 150
Gautier, Théophile 132–3, 137, 188
genetics 144
Gêrome, Jean-Léon 120–22, 121
Giza 48, 154, 180
Giza Palace (museum) 173
Gliddon, George Robbins 127, 146, 147–8, 167
Gombrich, Ernst 96, 98
Gordon, General Charles 90
Grand Egyptian Museum 180
Granville, Augustus Bozzi 145, 146
Greek art 96–7, 102, 105, 144
Greek language 64, 65, 87
Greenfield Papyrus 19, 20
Greenhill, Thomas 126
Gros, Antoine-Jean 33, 34, 35–6, 48, 55
Gurna 171
Hadrian 86–7
Hafez, Khaled 182–3, 182, 184
Haile Selassie 154
Haggard, H. Rider 134–7, 135, 139
Hapi 81, 82, 98, 99
Harlem Renaissance 30, 143, 152–5, 165, 178
Hatshepsut 44, 51
Hausa 62
Hebrew language 61, 62, 68
Heliopolis 41
Herculaneum 23, 24, 28, 97
Hereford Cathedral 37, 39
heritage 93, 112, 159–60, 174
Hermes 22, 25
Hermes Trismegistus 26–8, 28, 31, 58, 69, 75, 185
Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn 31
Hermopolis 22
Herodotus 37, 38, 80, 124, 129, 142
Hertzog, Christian 125
Hierakonpolis 46
hieratic script 63, 65
Hieroglyphica 66–7
hieroglyphs 19, 25, 48, 58–62, 65–72, 183
as mystical 66–8
decipherment of 71, 74–5
invention of 61
Hollywood 133, 141
Hope, Thomas 104
Horapollo 65–8
Horus 23, 49, 81
Hughes, Langston 154–5
Hunt, William Holman 105, 108
Hyksos, the 50–51
Ibn Sina (Avicenna) 125
Ibn Washiyah 68, 166
Imhotep 18, 49
Instagram 141
Institut d’Égypte 73
Isidora, tomb of 86–7
Isis 29, 81, 99, 141, 175, 184
name of 22
temples of 23, 65, 70, 74
Islam 113, 173
Ismail 168, 170
Ismailia 89, 90
Israel 174, 181
Jones, Lois Mailou 153, 153–4
Jones, Owen 101–3, 102, 120
Joseph (biblical story) 37
Julia Balbilla 86
Julius Caesar 114, 115, 118
Kamal, Ahmed 169, 170, 171, 173–4, 175
Karnak 57
Kemet 157
Kentridge, William 184
Kepler, Johannes 36
Khartoum 93
Kingston Lacy 74–5, 94
Kipling, Rudyard 134
Kircher, Athanasius 59, 68–72, 125–6
Klimt, Gustav 30
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna 30
Kush 40, 52–3 see also Sudan
Lacau, Pierre 177, 180
Lake Nasser 92
Las Vegas 17, 185, 186–7
Latin language 26, 27, 37, 54, 66, 86
Linnaeus, Carl 144
Long, Edwin 111, 119
Louvre 34, 55, 167
Lustig, Robert 18
Magic Flute, The 29, 184
Mahfouz, Naguib 179
Mamluks 35
Manetho 41, 44, 45, 47, 48, 50, 52, 117
Manutius, Aldus 66
Mariette, Auguste 130, 136, 167–8, 169
Mark Antony 113, 114, 117, 118, 132
Maspero, Gaston 169, 170–72, 174
Maximilian, Archduke of Austria 167
Medinet Habu 57
memory (cultural) 54, 112, 173
and archaeology in Egypt 168, 188–9
and heritage 112–13
and race 142, 151, 156, 159
and written records 18, 44
collective/communal 49, 50
suppression of 13–16, 31–2
Menou, Jacques-François 73
Meröe 53
Metropolitan Museum of Art 177
Mohamed Ali 29, 55, 89, 94, 165, 167
Monet, Claude 175
Moutafian, Tadros 171
Morton, Samuel 145–6, 147
Moses 26–7, 31, 80, 108
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 29, 184
Mubarak, Ali 168–9, 170
Mubarak, Hosni 163
Mukhtar, Mahmoud 176, 176, 178
al-Mumiya (film) 173–4, 181
mummia 125
mummies
and race 127, 128–9, 142–3, 144–9
and sex or sexism 123, 129, 132–3, 137
animal 21, 22, 29
collection and dissection of 125–6, 128–30, 136, 139–40
display of 172–3
royal 171–3, 180 (Tutankhamun)
mummification 80, 123–4, 129–30
Murdoch, Robert 141–2, 143, 160
Nagi, Muhammad 175, 178
Nahda (movement) 179
Nahdat Misr (painting) 175
Nahdat Misr (sculpture) 176, 176
Napata 53
Napoleon I 29, 33–6, 37, 54–7, 73, 120
Napoleon III 120
Napoléon, Marie 17
Narmer 48, 61
Nasser, Gamal Abdel 92, 181
nationalism (Egyptian) 30, 174–5, 181
Nazi regime 17, 159
Nefertari 93
Nefertiti, bust of 113, 141 (tattoo), 181
in work of Fred Wilson 159–60, 160
in work of El Zeft 162, 163–4
Négritude 155, 156, 165
Negroid (as race) 147
Newton, Isaac 36
Nile 79–88, 92–5
and agriculture 83, 89–90, 94
and danger 83–4
and pleasure 84
damming of 92–3, 94
flood 23, 79, 80, 83, 85–6, 94
navigation of 81, 90, 91
sacred water from 24
source of 79, 87
Nilometers 83
Norwich Castle Museum 135
Nott, Josiah 127, 147–8
Nubia 92–3, 142
Nut (goddess) 99
obelisk 51, 57, 160
Kingston Lacy 74, 94
Las Vegas 185
London 165
Paris 17, 165
Rome 70, 71, 79
Octavian (Augustus) 118, 123
Orientalism 44, 113, 118, 116–17, 174, 188
and art 115, 119–23, 130, 183
and culture 130–32
and Edward Said 38
used to interpret ancient Egypt 129
Osiris 23, 29, 50, 99, 184
name of 22
Ottoman Empire 29, 30, 34, 111, 138, 164
Oxyrhynchus 65
Palestrina mosaic 87–8, 88, 97
Pan-Africanism 151–2, 155
Pan-Arabism 165, 181
papyrus 19, 20, 62
Paris 17, 175, 176
Pascal, Blaise 113
persea-tree 18
Persia 40–41, 56
Petrie, W. M. Flinders 46, 127–8, 148, 168
Pharaonism 165, 175, 178–9, 181
Philae 35, 65, 67, 87, 92, 111
Piazza Navona 69–70, 71, 79
Plato 36, 69
Pliny the Elder 119
Plutarch 114, 119, 121
polygenesis 147
Pompeii 23
popes 69, 70
Poynter, Edward 111, 119
priests, ancient Egyptian 19, 21, 24–5
‘primitive’ (concept of) 45
Primitivism 45
Ptolemaic rulers 44, 58
Ptolemy I 41
Ptolemy II 41
Ptolemy V 75
Ptolemy XV 115
pyramidion 51, 52
pyramids 17, 37–8, 48–54
Battle of the 33–6, 34
in Rome (Gaius Cestius) 53
Qena 170, 172
Quran 38, 173
race 44–5, 141–2, 143–4, 158
and eugenics 127
and identity 141, 150–51, 157, 160–61
and study of mummies 127, 128–9, 143–9
in Victorian literature 135–6
racism and stereotypes 30, 44–5, 133, 141–3, 157
representation of 110–11, 115–16, 122, 146, 159–60
‘science’ of 44, 111, 126–9, 142, 146, 157
Raiders of the Lost Ark 189
Ramses II 13, 42–3, 50, 93, 171
Ras Tafari 154
er-Rassul family 170–71, 174
Re 49
Re-Horakhty 19, 20, 51
Reisner, George Andrew 168
Reni, Guido 119
Rihanna 141, 143, 159
Rixens, Jean-André 122–3, 122
Roberts, David 85, 120
Rodin, Auguste 153
Roman Empire 23–6
Rome 17, 18, 59, 69–70, 79, 171
Rosetta Stone 59, 60, 72–8, 77, 113
Rosicrucian Order 29, 31, 185
Museum of the 99, 114, 116
Royal Society 145
Rubens, Peter Paul 125
Sadat, Anwar 172, 173, 181
Said pasha 167–8
Said, Edward 38
Saqqara 48–9, 49, 84, 125
Scopes Trial 37
Sebennytos 41
secrecy 21, 25, 27, 30, 60, 185
Senegal 143, 155
Senghor, Leopold 156
Serapis 70
Service des antiquités 111, 165, 167–8, 170, 177–8, 180, 188
Seth 23, 50
Seti I 42–3, 171
sexism 117–18, 188
shabti-figures 29, 171
shaduf 83
el-Shamma, Barsam 173
Shakespear, Olivia 31
Shawqi, Ahmed 178, 179
She 134–5
Siena Cathedral 26–8, 28
Silvestre de Sacy, Antoine 38, 74
Sirius (Sothis) 79 sistrum 23, 109
slavery
in the USA 14, 30, 146–7, 150, 154, 159
slave trade 29, 126–7, 143, 156
Smith, Wilbur 185
Society of Antiquaries 73
South Sudan 112
Soviet Union 181
sphinx 57, 176, 185, 186–7
di Stefano, Giovanni 26
Story, William Wetmore 114, 115–16
Strabo 86
Stukeley, William 164
Sudan 30, 40, 52–3, 90, 92, 142, 180
Sufism 68
sugar cane 89
Suez Canal 30, 34, 89, 106, 165, 168
‘survivals’ 172
al-Tahtawi, Rifa’a 167
Tantamami 53 tarboush 174
Tarot 31
tattoos 141, 159, 188
Tawfik (khedive) 168, 170
temples, ancient Egyptian
as repositories 21, 41, 44
as schools 19, 63
design of 85–6, 101–3
statues in 75–6, 86
Thanksgiving 14
Thoth 13, 18–22, 20, 31, 54, 99
and Hermes Trismegistus 25–9
temple of 23
Ti, tomb of 83–4, 84
Tiepolo, Giambattista 119
tourism in Egypt
ancient 87
modern 90–92, 94–5, 104, 188
Truth, Sojourner 150
Tuna el-Gebel 86–7
Turco-Circassians 170, 175, 178
Tutankhamun 63, 107, 118, 155, 164, 189
mask of 181
mummy of 140, 148–9, 180
tomb of 61, 138–40, 138, 175, 177–80, 185 (replica), 188
touring exhibitions 181
Twitter 141
Types of Mankind 127, 146, 147–8, 150, 167
UNESCO 93, 112
Urabi, Ahmed 170, 173, 174
Ussher, James 36, 37
Valley of the Kings 51, 128, 171, 173, 175
see also Tutankhamun, tomb of
Verdi, Giuseppe 106, 130
Versailles 33
Victoria (queen) 102
Victoria and Albert Museum 108
Wadi Halfa 90
water, sacred 24
Wedgwood, Josiah 104, 105
Wilson, Fred 159–60, 160, 184
writing see hieroglyphs
Yeats, W. B. 31
Young, Thomas 58, 59, 74
Zaghloul, Sa’ad 107, 172, 175
El Zeft 162, 163, 164, 166
Zimbabwe 155