Page numbers in italics refer to maps.
Adams, Charles Francis, Jr., 93-94, 252, 320-21, 339, 378
air brakes, 268
Alton and Sangamon Railroad, 28, 29
American River:
Cape Horn grading work along, 156-57
Sacramento bridge over, 107-8, 122
Ames, Gustavus, 258
Ames, Oakes, 19, 335, 360, 364, 382
congressional censure of, 375
Crédit Mobilier and, 132, 190, 226, 227, 320, 336, 374-75
on federal railroad bonds, 334
on financial problems, 139, 359
railroad loans made by, 106, 132, 140
reputation of, 380-81
on UP-CP rivalry, 255, 330, 331
in UP management conflicts, 226-27, 329-30
Ames, Oliver, 19, 364, 382
arrest of, 336
on construction profits vs. operations profits, 212, 226-27
CP loan made by, 103, 106, 113
CP-UP rivalry and, 313, 330
Crédit Mobilier holdings of, 132, 190
Durant ransomed by, 359-60
financial management by, 277, 329, 330, 336, 342, 359
Indian extermination advocated by, 266
on land grant territories, 211-12
railroad inspected by, 211
reputation of, 380-81
as UP president, 191, 211, 273, 275, 344
on western construction limit, 255
Ames shovels, 103, 137
Antelope, 307
Anthony, Susan B., 229
Appalachian Mountains, 66, 67
Arapaho, 130, 216, 265
Army, U.S.:
Indians suppressed by, 130-31, 141, 174, 183, 184, 211, 265
railroad troop transport for, 184, 215, 345-46
recruitment difficulties of, 211
Western supply resources of, 60n
Asia, U.S. trade with, 370, 371
assembly-line work, 181
Athearn, Robert, 187
avalanches, 204-5
Bailey, James, 71, 73, 74, 105, 113, 114
Baltimore and Ohio, 66, 67, 99
Bancroft, Hubert Howe, 74, 121, 248, 288, 308
Barnard, George, 336, 339
Barnes, James, 276
Barney, Lewis, 284
Beadle, J. H., 269, 324, 372
Bear River, 202, 327, 337, 338, 344
Bear River City, Wyo., 276
Bell, Clark, 96
Benét, Stephen Vincent, 217-18
Benson, Ezra Taft, 290
Benson, Farr & West, 290-91, 293, 316
Benton, Thomas Hart, 49, 366
Benton, Wyo., 262, 264, 269
Berthoud Pass, 128
Best Friend of Charleston, The, 27
Big Fill, 332-33, 371
Big Tent, 219
Big Trestle, 338-39, 346, 348, 353
Bissell, Hezekiah, 129, 172, 179, 256, 257, 260, 261
Black Hills, UP route over, 210, 251, 254, 262, 340
Blaine, James G., 94, 374
blasting operations, 119-20, 138, 155, 156-58, 160-61, 199-201, 204, 231-32, 233-34, 235-36
Blickensderfer, Jacob, 276
Blind Tom (horse), 180
Bloomer Cut, 119-20, 124, 148, 164
Blue Goose, 199
Blue Jay, 325
boarding boss, 137
boiler malfunction, 268-69, 326
Boomer, L.B., 211, 276
boomers, 182
Booth, George, 363, 365
Booth, Lucius, 71, 73, 105, 113
Boutwell, George Sewall, 335
Bowles, Samuel, 159, 169, 202, 218-19, 247-48, 269
Boyd, J. E., 258
Bradford, Sam, 363, 365
brakemen, 24
brakes, whistle down, 182
bridges:
over American River, 107-8, 122
Big Trestle, 338-39, 346, 348, 353
Civil War construction of, 96
over Dale Creek, 221, 256, 258, 259-61, 262
on fire, 24
Howe truss used in, 26, 211
at Loup Fork, 175, 187
over Mississippi River, 30
over Missouri River, 30, 188, 260, 373
prefabricated sections for, 211
in Sierra Nevada, 154-55
as temporary structures, 288
over Truckee River, 237
weather damage to, 234, 361
of wood vs. iron, 252, 261
Brooks, B. S., 162
Brooks, James, 374, 375
Bross, William, 159
Brown, Arthur, 198, 234-35, 302-3, 304
Brown, Charles Leroy, 29
Browne, Percy, 215, 216, 221, 223
Browning, Orville Hickman, 238, 255, 261, 276, 305, 306, 313, 330-31, 333, 334
Buchanan, James, 61, 65-66
Buck, S. M., 201
buffalo, 143, 173, 257, 267
“Building of a Railway, The” (Clarke), 25
bumper, 182
Burch, John C., 59, 64-65, 66, 67
Burnettizer, 139-40
California:
agriculture in, 229
Chinese population of, 150-52, 161n, 164-65, 243
CP route in, 343
first railroad built in, 56-58
gold discovered in, 30, 43, 48, 50, 52, 229
immigration to, 53-55, 243, 362
legislation on transcontinental railroad to, 61
mountainous barrier to, 146
railroad consolidation in, 246, 373, 379
sea routes to, 48-53, 56
state elections in, 74
statehood of, 18
transcontinental railroad link to, 250
wagon journeys to, 44-47, 52
California and Oregon Railroad, 246
California Central Railroad, 246
Campbell, Jim, 351
Canadian Pacific, 17-18
Cape Horn, railroad work at, 156-57, 159, 198, 307
Carnegie, Andrew, 270
Carson, Kit, 45
car toad, 182
Casement, Dan, 330, 354, 382
Civil War experience of, 18, 170-71
at completion ceremony, 363, 367
labor force maintained by, 179, 184, 211, 274, 277, 327, 329
track-laying operations run by, 170, 173-74, 210, 212, 226, 273-74, 351, 353
weather delays and, 207, 324-25
Casement, John S. “Jack,” 330, 354, 382
on alkali desert, 269
background of, 170, 330
Civil War experience of, 18, 170
at completion ceremony, 363, 367
construction workforce maintained by, 177, 179, 182, 184, 210, 211, 221, 274
on finance problems, 330, 342
Indian relations with, 209-10
Julesburg vice activities quelled by, 220
on living conditions, 169, 337
on rate of progress, 227, 228, 262, 277, 337
supply facilities built by, 190
track-laying operations run by, 170, 171, 173-74, 208, 209, 210, 212, 226, 273-74, 275, 323-24, 346, 351, 353
weather delays and, 207, 325, 361
casting, 119
cattle grazing, 267
Central Pacific Railroad (CP):
accidents on, 325-26
bridges constructed by, 107-8, 154-55, 234, 237, 338-39
camp train of, 313, 314
Chinese construction workers on, 18, 21, 149-58, 159, 161-62, 164-65, 198, 204-5, 231, 240-42, 243, 247, 298, 300, 308, 310, 327, 378
clearing of roadbeds for, 157-58
codes used by, 292
in completion ceremonies, 354, 360-62, 363-67
congressional legislation on, 77-81, 155
construction contracts of, 105-6, 288-90, 321, 342, 375
construction schedule of, 81, 102, 107, 165, 166, 204, 206
corporate management of, 19, 43, 106, 111, 112-13, 114, 115-16, 321
costs of, 71, 78, 102, 104, 106, 124, 147, 155, 161, 163, 165, 187, 200, 230, 231, 235, 245, 246, 247-48, 300-303, 372
county and municipal support of, 109, 148
eastern limit of, 95, 104, 155, 193-94, 225, 238, 254-55, 288, 289, 291, 312, 313, 315-17, 326-27, 332, 335, 339-40, 341, 345, 358
engineers of, 19, 105, 110, 114, 116, 118, 158
establishment of, 70-74, 365
financial management of, 102-3, 106, 110-11, 113, 121, 124, 147-49, 165-66, 196, 246-47, 298, 301, 321, 374
first runs made on, 117-18, 121, 306-8
freight and passenger rates charged by, 305
government bonds for, 102, 108, 109, 121, 123, 148-49, 165, 166, 195, 230, 238, 245, 312, 313, 330-31, 333-35
grading work on, 118, 119-20, 147, 155-57, 237, 288-92, 332-33, 341
groundbreaking ceremony of, 89, 106-7
highest altitude of, 206, 210, 244
initial investors in, 70-73, 105, 106, 121, 122, 196-97, 360, 379-80
inspections of, 158-60, 165, 297, 300, 311-12, 313-14
labor on, 107, 110, 118-20, 121, 147-48, 149-50, 152-55, 163, 198, 204-5, 206, 210, 231-32, 233-34, 240-42, 243, 246, 247, 281, 289, 298, 300, 306, 311-12, 314-15, 332-33, 349, 354, 378
land grants to, 101, 103, 124, 238
lobbying by, 193, 321-22
locomotives of, 102, 115, 117, 124, 147, 298, 307, 312, 325, 331-32, 361
Mormon contractors used on, 288-90, 291-92
new states served by, 18
passenger service of, 121-22, 124, 148-49, 203, 306-8, 323, 360, 361
photos of construction on, 122
political attacks on, 305, 318-20, 373, 374
profitability of, 104, 121-22, 124, 149, 166, 238, 306n-7n, 374
promotional excursions of, 118, 120-21, 159
quality vs. speed in building of, 117, 252, 297, 300, 312, 323, 338-39
rates of progress on, 148-49, 155, 161, 165, 166, 195, 201, 203, 206, 230, 231, 236, 244-45, 247, 252, 297-301, 305-9, 310, 312, 315-17, 332, 345, 346-52
rival railroads’ charges against, 111, 122-23
rolling stock of, 124, 298
route of, 98, 112, 124, 201-2, 237-38, 286, 299, 305, 306, 312, 313, 316-17, 319, 343
Sacramento office of, 103-4
Sierra Nevada route of, 19, 74-75, 109-10, 118, 162-63, 230, 231, 244, 247-48, 306-8, 343
snow problems on, 147, 233, 234-35, 245, 302-4, 305, 323-24
Southern Pacific as successor to, 165, 377-78, 379, 380
speed of, 121, 323
stock sales of, 124, 165-66, 230
supply transport on, 19-20, 118, 147, 203, 206, 231, 234, 237, 249, 301, 308-10, 321, 331
towns developed along, 304, 309, 311, 313
track-laying on, 118, 244, 311-12, 315, 346-52
tunnels built by, 20, 75, 78, 104, 124, 147, 155-56, 160-61, 196, 197, 202, 203, 204-5, 206, 207, 230, 231-32, 233-34, 235-36, 244, 291, 307
UP rivalry with, 155, 193-94, 201, 203, 225, 230-31, 238-39, 241, 242-43, 244, 247, 248, 249, 252, 274, 277, 282-83, 290-92, 300, 304-5, 306, 313, 316-17, 322-23, 337-40, 341-42, 346-52, 362-63, 365, 371-72
wagon road constructed for, 72, 76-77, 104, 111, 112, 195, 233
water supplies of, 195-96, 202, 230, 237, 301, 309
weather problems experienced by, 147, 195, 197-98, 203-6, 231, 232-34, 245, 296, 302-3, 305, 323-24, 331
Chandler, Alfred D., 100
Charles Crocker Contract and Finance Company, 105-6, 111, 165, 246-47, 321, 339, 375
Chesapeake & Ohio, 379
Cheyenne, Wyo., 220-21, 227, 228, 229, 251, 259, 263, 271
Cheyennes, 130, 136, 172-73, 211, 214, 222, 225-26, 265
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad, 126
Chicago and Northern Railroad, 254
Chicago Howe Truss Bridge Company, 211
Chinese workers:
backgrounds of, 152-53
blasting expertise of, 235, 236
Cape Horn grading work of, 156-57
China returned to by, 164, 165
Cornish miners vs., 200
on CP construction, 18, 21, 149-58, 159, 161-62, 164-65, 198, 204-5, 231, 240-42, 243, 247, 298, 300, 308, 310, 327, 378
discrimination against, 150-51, 153, 378
Dodge on, 349
in domestic service, 151, 153
after end of CP construction, 164-65
fatalities of, 204, 205, 206, 236, 237
food provided for, 161-62, 232, 289
Indians feared by, 310
industry of, 315
Irish workers’ conflicts with, 327
living conditions of, 161-62, 204, 231, 232
numbers of, 198, 237, 298
recruitment of, 243
strike by, 240-42
on Trans-Siberian Railway, 18
wages of, 300
white foremen as bosses of, 231, 311
Chinn, Thomas W., 204
Civil War:
end of, 133
former slaves’ participation in, 86
military railroad work in, 84-85, 96
national optimism after, 253
onset of, 41, 73, 74, 102
as organizational model, 19, 172, 253, 283, 353
prisoners of war in, 119
progress of, 77, 79, 80, 88, 96-98, 103, 110, 111-12, 114-15, 118, 123
railroad blasting power vs., 119, 158
railroads constructed by veterans of, 17, 18-19, 21, 137, 143-44, 172, 177, 218, 253
riots in Northern cities during, 114
Clark, William, 19, 38, 42, 59, 100, 127, 143, 356
Clarke, Thomas Curtis, 25
Clay, Henry, 27, 87-88, 100
Clayton, D. B., 182
Clement, Lewis M., 364, 382
background of, 110
on blasting operations, 160, 201
Cape Horn grading overseen by, 157
construction progress urged by, 203
on costs, 111, 301
as CP engineer, 19, 116, 117, 316
on Crocker’s construction oversight, 163-64
curved tunnel routes laid out by, 232
on laborers’ defections to mining, 148
on locomotives for supply transport, 147
on railroads’ Ogden union, 340
on roadbed clearing of tree stumps, 158
snowsheds designed by, 235, 302, 304
Summit Tunnel engineered by, 244
Utah construction led by, 291, 316, 332
on water supplies, 309
coal mining, 128, 189, 220, 224
Cochran, Thomas, 93, 193
codes, 292
Cogswell, Milton, 363
Cohen, Alfred, 197
Cole, Cornelius, 71, 72, 154
Coley, George, 349
Colfax, Schuyler, 158, 159, 275, 367, 374
Collins, Casper, 130
Commager, Henry Steele, 376
Congress, U.S.:
on CP-UP connection point, 193, 194, 238, 255, 291, 304-5, 340, 341, 371, 372
Crédit Mobilier shareholders in, 227, 320, 339, 374
on domestic iron usage, 14, 301
lobbying on transcontinental railroad in, 59-61, 64-68, 75-76, 193-94, 196, 321-22
partisan control of, 70
railroad finances investigated by, 373-75
on railroad routes, 31, 304-5
transcontinental railway legislation of, 75-76, 77-81, 89, 94-96, 101, 147, 254, 304-5
on UP financial dispute, 336-37, 339
Wyoming territorial status granted by, 210n
construction workers:
African-American, 177, 241, 274
age of, 295-96
blasting operations of, 119-20, 138, 155, 156-58, 160-61, 199-201, 204, 231-36
Chinese,see Chinese workers
Civil War veterans as, 21, 137, 143-44, 172, 177, 218, 253
cooperative teamwork of, 213, 287
Cornish miners as, 200
CP-UP rivalry of, 327
daily routines of, 179, 232
dangers undergone by, 156-58, 160, 200-201, 204-5, 267-68
drinking habits of, 162, 176, 217, 219, 257-58, 286, 296, 378
fatalities of, 201, 204-5, 206, 233, 236, 237, 264-65, 267-68, 326
food provided for, 138, 161-62, 177, 179, 182, 183, 232, 289
grading work of, 118, 119-20, 136-39, 147, 323
health care of, 137
Indian hostilities as threat to, 173, 211, 214-15, 220, 310
injuries to, 120, 156, 164, 231
Irish, 18, 21, 118-20, 296, 327, 349, 378
living conditions of, 22, 137, 138, 161-62, 177-78, 179, 204, 231, 232, 293, 309, 315
management style and, 120, 137-38, 198, 201, 314-15
Mormon, 189, 242, 261, 281-91, 294-95, 316, 327n, 329
numbers of, 18, 17, 181, 198, 206, 210, 211, 284
physical demands on, 21, 118, 178, 296
recreational activities of, 217-18, 219-20, 353, 372
release of, 354-55
slang terms developed by, 182
snow removal by, 147, 302-3, 305
songs of, 138, 179, 286-87
strike actions of, 137, 198, 240-42, 329, 378
on telegraph vs. railroad track, 257
wages of, 107, 118, 122, 137, 148, 153, 178, 179, 198, 240, 241, 242, 275, 283, 285, 294, 296, 300, 302, 329, 351, 359
weather extremes experienced by, 147, 178, 203-6, 231, 232, 296, 323, 324-25
Western mining opportunities of, 107, 119, 121, 148, 154
work pace maintained by, 179, 181, 182-83, 231, 275, 311-12, 346-52
Continental Divide, 45, 87, 128, 136, 216, 223
Cooke, Philip St. George, 174
“coolies,” 150
Corinne, Utah, 319, 337, 353, 354
cottonwood, 133, 139-40, 187, 227, 252, 274
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 33-34, 35, 36, 37, 38-39, 254, 276
Cox, Jacob Dolson, 281-82, 335
Cox, S. S. “Sunset,” 96
CP,see Central Pacific Railroad
C. P. Huntington, 115, 122
Crane, H. C., 257, 259
Crane, James, 286-87
Crédit Mobilier of America, 131
construction contracts signed over to, 93, 99
creation of, 92-93
Contract and Finance Company vs., 105, 246
directors of, 281
dividends paid by, 227, 270, 277, 318, 320, 374-75
holdings of congressmen in, 227, 320, 339, 374
political scandal over, 320-21, 373-75
profitability of, 98, 374
stockholders of, 132, 140, 190, 226, 320
UP finances vs., 139, 212, 227, 270, 277, 336
Creighton, Harry, 175
Crocker, Charles, 19, 154, 206, 364, 380
background of, 43-44
on blasting operations, 200, 201, 235, 236, 323
in business, 54, 62, 71, 73, 103, 106
Chinese workers appreciated by, 150, 164, 200, 242, 243
construction overseen by, 43, 105-6, 107-8, 110, 111, 112, 116, 117, 118, 122, 148, 157, 161, 163-64, 165, 195, 196, 197, 200, 202, 236, 237, 244-45, 246, 258-59, 298, 306, 308-9, 310-11, 316, 317, 322-23, 328-29, 331, 335, 346-52
Contract and Finance Company of, 105-6, 111, 165, 246-47, 321, 339, 375
CP investments of, 72, 73, 105, 114, 124, 165
on CP’s finances, 121, 124, 165, 198
eastern route extension desired by, 238, 362-63
laborers handled by, 119, 120, 121, 149, 150, 152, 153, 164, 198, 199-200, 240, 241-42, 289, 306, 310, 328-29, 347, 348
later years of, 379
marriage of, 310-11
physical appearance of, 44, 163
political involvement of, 71
on railroad across Sierra, 147
as railroad director, 74, 106
on rate of progress, 236, 239, 297, 298, 306, 312, 317, 322-23, 328-29
on snowsheds, 302, 304
on UP rivalry, 241, 258-59, 340, 346, 348, 349, 351
wagon road owned by, 76
on weather conditions, 323
westward overland journey led by, 44-47, 49, 53
Crocker, E. B., 112
on Chinese workers, 154, 240-41, 242, 243, 298, 300
on construction progress, 236, 244, 245, 246, 297, 300
Contract and Finance Company holdings of, 165, 246, 247
on popularity of railroads, 249
on Strobridge’s construction oversight, 236-37
on UP-CP rivalry, 238, 239, 242, 243, 297
on UP management conflicts, 255
on weather problems, 206, 239, 244
Curtis, Samuel R., 66-67, 68, 70, 84
cushions, 182
cuts, excavation of, 119-20, 138, 196
Dakota Territory, 210
Dale City, Wyo., 259-60
Dale Creek, 221, 227, 251, 256, 257, 258, 259-61, 262, 380
Daley, Thomas, 349
Dana, Charles A., 86, 275
dance halls, 218, 219
dance the carpet, 182
Davenport and Iowa City Railroad, 33
Davis, James W., 360
Davis, Jefferson, 31, 34-35, 59, 60, 280, 377
Deep Gulch, 154
DeLamater, C. B., 46
DeMille, Cecil B., 217
Democratic Party, transcontinental railroad supported by, 66
Dennison, Eli, 363
Dent, Frederick, 344
Dent, Lewis, 342-44
Dey, Peter A., 90
on Dodge’s expertise, 32-33
Platte Valley route surveyed by, 36-37
resignation of, 98-99
UP routes surveyed by, 89, 91-92, 127-28, 131, 132n, 135, 136, 142, 382
Dillon, Sidney, 271, 281-82, 359, 363, 367, 370-71
ditch companies, 195-96
Dix, John A., 37n, 40, 89, 91, 99, 191
Dodge, Anne Brown, 34
Dodge, Grenville, 19, 90, 290, 349, 377
administrative recommendations of, 171, 273
agricultural opportunities noted by, 212, 229
annual reports written by, 228-29
army protection of UP workers requested by, 211, 214
background of, 31-33
on bridge construction, 183, 187, 344
business interests of, 37-38
as chief engineer, 18, 97, 130, 131-32, 171-72, 176, 183, 211, 221, 228-29, 254, 271, 336, 381
Civil War experience of, 18, 79, 84-85, 86-87, 88, 96-98, 130, 171, 216, 219, 253, 272, 353
in completion ceremonies, 354, 363, 365, 366, 367-68, 370
as congressman, 186, 273, 320
Durant’s rivalry with, 270-73, 329-30
on end of construction, 355
federal bond releases and, 330, 334
former slaves armed by, 86
on Indian threat, 130-32, 133, 141, 173, 211, 214-15, 216, 221, 223
Judah vs., 112
on labor concerns, 286, 327, 342, 378
land grants managed by, 187-88, 212, 219-20, 221, 271
later years of, 381
Lincoln’s meetings with, 23-24, 26, 39, 86-88, 97, 270-71
maps created by, 228
marriage of, 34
on mineral interests, 187, 188, 189
personnel assignments by, 171-72, 216
political support for railroad sought by, 39-41, 253-54, 272-73
on promotional excursions, 186, 261, 277
on railroad route, 24, 26, 32-39, 40-41, 87, 89, 127, 131, 135-36, 188-89, 190-91, 210, 221, 223-25, 230, 254, 271-73, 279-80, 285-86, 333, 382
ransom payment urged by, 359-60
on rate of progress, 174, 191, 210, 221, 227, 228, 342, 355
surveying teams praised by, 191
towns established by, 220, 221, 224, 228, 259
on UP western limit, 230, 254-55, 330, 339, 341, 342, 355, 362-63
on war veterans as railroad workers, 19, 177
on westward movement of rain belt, 212
Dodge, Nathan, 90
Donner Party, 146
Donner Pass, 68, 69-70, 72, 75, 111, 160, 201, 202
Douglas, Stephen A., 23
Drew, Daniel, 336
drone cage, 182
Duff, John, 186, 211, 359, 360, 367
dumping boss, 137-38
Durant, Frank, 170
Durant, Thomas “Doc,” 19, 217
background of, 35-36
chief engineers appointed by, 91, 97, 130, 131, 171, 271
at completion ceremonies, 359, 363, 365, 367, 381
construction company set up by, 92-93
construction progress urged by, 140, 143, 144, 210, 230, 238, 261, 273, 275, 277, 282-83, 290, 352, 381
construction reports received by, 174-76, 183, 187, 190, 208
corporate leadership of, 88-90, 91-92, 97, 98-99, 134, 170, 172, 174, 176, 191, 226, 271, 285-86, 375, 381
CP rivalry and, 239, 242, 255, 282-83, 290, 313, 348, 349, 351
Crédit Mobilier holdings of, 190, 212, 270
financial management of, 139, 270, 277, 282, 294-95, 318-20, 335-36, 359-60, 372, 382
government inspectors and, 169-70, 211
labor force and, 133, 137, 143, 294
later years of, 381
lobbying efforts of, 40, 95-96
in management conflicts, 212, 226-27, 255, 329-30, 336, 342
personnel decisions of, 170-71, 271
publicity excursions attended by, 185-86, 190, 261, 274, 275, 340
railroad investments of, 37n, 86, 91, 212, 226
ransom demands on, 359-60
reputation cultivated by, 270-71, 272
route determinations and, 36, 128, 132, 144, 271-73, 279
as speculator, 37n, 91, 93
unpopularity of, 129-30, 255
UP backers sought by, 86, 88
weather delays not accepted by, 325
Dutch Flat and Donner Lake Wagon Road Company, 76-77, 122, 149, 233
dynamite, 201
Early, Jubal, 96
Echo Canyon, 237, 277, 283, 285, 287, 288, 291-92, 296, 326
Echo City, Utah, 316, 317, 327
Echo Creek, 255, 279
Echo Summit, 312, 313, 330
Eddy, J. M., 216
Edwards, Ogden, 129
elections:
of 1860, 23, 39-40, 69, 70
of 1864, 123
of 1868, 313, 324
Elkhorn River, 34, 37, 134, 168, 208
Elliott, George, 349
Ellis, Jack, 177
Emancipation Proclamation, 104
embankments, 124, 154
Epler, William, 201
Erie Railroad, 56, 99, 336
Evans, James A., 91, 128, 135, 142, 144, 188, 220, 261, 269, 273, 281
Ewing, Thomas, Jr., 255
farming, 169, 212, 229, 280
Farnam, Henry, 32, 35-36, 37n, 38, 40
Farr, Lorin, 290
Farrar, Lynn, 119, 350
Ferguson, Arthur:
background of, 134
buffalo country described by, 143
on Hell-on-Wheels towns, 269
Indian hostilities witnessed by, 143, 209, 214, 215, 222, 263, 264, 265, 266-67
in North Platte bridge building, 262, 264
on taming of West, 267
as UP surveyor, 134-35, 141, 142, 208, 209, 213, 262-65
weather problems encountered by, 208-9, 263-64
fills, 154, 332-33
fires, 208, 216-17, 303-4
First Transcontinental Railroad, The (Galloway), 288
fish joints, 236
Fisk, James, 336, 339, 342
flood conditions, 208, 228
fly light, 182
Fort Bridger, 237-38, 306
Fortieth Parallel Survey, 145
Fort Kearney, 141, 184, 187, 211
Fort Sanders, 210, 221, 251, 261
Franchot, Richard H., 193
Freedmen’s Bureau, 152
Freeman, Leigh, 259, 262
Free-Soilers, 31
freight cars, capacity of, 268
Frémont, Jessie Benton, 49
Frémont, John Charles, 49
Frost, G. W, 256, 258
Fulton, Robert, 32
Gadsden, James, 59
Gadsden Purchase, 59
Galbraith, Robert Miller, 216-17
Galloway, John Debo, 288
gambling, 217, 218, 219-20, 228, 372
gandy dancer, 182
gaps, 124, 154-55
Garfield, James, 374
General Sherman, 139, 170
Geological Survey, U.S., 145
George, Henry, 323
Gilbert, Frank, 277
Gilliss, John R., 232, 233, 234, 236
Golden Spike, 356, 357, 360, 364-65, 366, 367, 381
Gordon, Sarah, 25
Gould, Jay, 336, 378, 381
Governor Stanford, 115, 117, 121, 362
grading work, 118, 119-20, 136-39, 147, 155-57
Graham, Joseph, 304, 309, 313
grain production, 169, 229, 280
Grant, Ulysses S., 86, 174, 184, 220, 360
army enlistment levels and, 211
in Civil War, 79, 88, 96, 97-98, 110, 112, 118, 123, 130-31, 344
on Dodge as railroad engineer, 85, 272-73
in election of 1868, 272, 275, 313, 324, 325
on Indian hostilities, 130
on military railroad construction, 85
presidency of, 18, 150, 334-35
railroads supported by, 85, 185, 211, 215, 271, 364, 367, 382
UP-CP dispute and, 330, 334-35
on UP financial problems, 336, 342-43, 375
grapes, cultivation of, 246
grasshoppers, 282, 283, 284, 293-94
Gray, George, 158, 291
Great Basin, 223, 225
Great Desert, 309-10
Great Plains:
buffalo herd on, 173
economic opportunities of, 169
Indians dispossessed of, 173, 225-26
livestock grazing on, 267
surveying parties on, 140-43
white settlement of, 139, 172, 184
Great Platte Valley Route, 36-37
Great Salt Lake, 202, 293, 319, 330, 333, 353n
Greeley, Horace, 39, 82, 159, 169, 221, 228, 252
Green River, 225, 251, 261, 269, 271, 275
Grimes, James, 190
Grinnell, J. B., 39
Griswold, Wesley, 154
Growth of the American Republic, The (Morison and Commager), 376
Gwin, William, 65
Haley, Michael, 257
Halleck, Henry W, 51
Hamilton, Alexander, 87-88, 100
Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, 30
Harriman, E. A., 132n, 378
Hart, Alfred A., 122, 337, 362, 365
hay, 182
Haymund, Creed, 245
Heine, W, 250
Hell-on-Wheels towns, 217-19, 221, 228, 259, 269, 275, 276, 337, 353, 372
Henry, Joseph, 170
Henry, Robert, 376
Hewes, David, 360
Hills, L L., 189, 215-16, 220
Hodges, F C, 292
hoggers, 182
Holman, William, 83n
Homestead Act, 172
Hood, William, 74
Hooker, Joe, 109
Hopkins, E. B., 106n
Hopkins, Mark, 19, 237, 277, 289, 290, 298, 306, 380
background of, 53
on blasting progress, 236
in business, 53, 54, 62, 73, 103
codes utilized by, 292
on construction and supply difficulties, 195-96, 235
in CP financial management, 121, 122, 149, 196, 246, 306n-7n, 322, 335
CP holdings of, 43, 105, 113
Huntington’s partnership with, 53, 72, 197, 322
on labor shortages, 153-54
land development proposed by, 246
on popular support of railroads, 149
on progress of construction, 247, 300, 337
at promotional events, 118
as railroad executive, 74, 106, 114
on snow problems, 303
on UP rivalry, 247
wagon road owned by, 76, 195
horses, 180, 379-80
House, Jacob H., 142, 171, 188
Howard, O. O., 98
Howden, James, 235-36
Howe truss, 26, 211
Hoxie, Herbert M.
“Hub,” 39, 99, 170, 171-72, 256, 330, 363
Hubbard, Thomas, 224
Humboldt River, 46-47, 144, 202, 231, 302, 306
Humboldt Wells, Nev., 238, 254, 255, 277, 289, 290, 291, 312, 326, 328, 331, 332, 371
Huntington, Collis, 19, 236, 238, 240, 241, 244, 249, 364
background of, 47-48
in business, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 62, 71-72, 103
Chinese labor approved by, 243
codes utilized by, 292
on costs, 246, 302
CP financial management strategies of, 102-3, 121, 122, 246-47, 321
CP investments made by, 73, 105, 149
CP-UP rivalry instigated by, 155, 193, 194, 242, 255, 277, 283, 290, 291, 298, 300, 304, 306
critics resented by, 305
on difficulties of construction, 117, 245, 298, 300
federal railroad legislation and, 77, 95, 193, 194, 196
financial backing sought by, 103, 106, 147, 196, 197, 245, 298, 300, 330, 333-34, 382
Hopkins as business partner of, 53, 72, 195, 196
Judah’s conflicts with, 103, 104, 111-14
later years of, 379
lobbying efforts of, 321-22, 333-34, 376, 379
on materials and equipment purchases, 102, 103, 108, 113, 123, 155, 196, 298, 300-301, 302, 309, 322
on labor costs, 246
on progress of construction, 297, 306, 309, 315-16, 352
on quality vs. speed of construction, 297
as railroad executive, 43, 74, 379, 80
reputation of, 43, 270, 380
on route determinations, 112, 312, 313, 316, 317, 327, 330-31, 339, 340, 341
subsidy bonds obtained by, 333-34, 335
wagon road owned by, 76
on western sea route via Panama, 48-51
Huntington, Elizabeth Stoddard, 48
Huntington, Solon, 48, 49
Hurd, M. E., 256, 258
Hyde, Orson, 284
Illinois, railroad construction in, 29
Illinois Central Railroad Company (IC), 29-30, 32, 99
Indian hostilities:
Chinese workers’ fears of, 310
extermination policies as response to, 223, 266-67
military management of, 130-31, 141, 174, 183, 184, 211, 215, 265
newspaper coverage on, 214
peace councils on, 225-26, 266
raiding party thievery in, 209, 214
sabotage activities and, 222-23, 227, 266
UP construction and, 132, 135, 136, 141, 172-73, 174, 183, 209, 211, 214-16, 220, 221, 263, 264-67
Indians:
competitions arranged with, 209-10
friendly alliances with, 172, 186, 265-66
as railroad laborers, 133
territorial dispossession of, 173, 225-26
tribal conflicts among, 265-66
UP route through lands of, 20
Interstate 80, 127, 136n, 220, 326
Iowa, railroad routes in, 32-34, 126
Irish laborers, 18, 21, 118-20, 296, 327, 349, 378
iron supplies, 147
Ives, Butler, 201, 202, 291, 292, 312, 340
Jackson, Andrew, 42
Jackson, Thomas J. “Stonewall,” 80
James W. Davis and Co., 360
Jefferson, Thomas, 43, 100, 292
Jensen, Oliver, 64
Jenson, Andrew, 284
Johnson, Andrew, 163, 164, 170, 174, 184, 194, 225, 238, 255, 330, 334
Joyce, Patrick, 349
J.S. & D.T. Casement, 171
Judah, Anna Ferona Pierce, 19, 61, 64, 101
artwork of, 65, 68, 75, 77
background of, 55
on Big Four management conflicts, 108-9, 114, 124
on CP financial backing, 70, 71, 72
on promotion of transcontinental railroad, 58, 59, 65, 66, 67, 68
on railroad completion ceremony, 368
on Strong, 69-70
Theodore Judah’s death and, 115, 116
on Theodore Judah’s engineering skill, 55-56
Judah, Charles, 56
Judah, Theodore, 19, 55-82, 101-17, 368
as architect of CP, 43
background of, 55
Big Four conflicts with, 103-6, 108-9, 110-14, 115-16, 117, 124
construction schedule projected by, 102
corporate position of, 74, 114
CP holdings of, 105, 112, 113, 114
death of, 115-17
engineering skills of, 55-56, 61-62, 116-17
financial investors cultivated by, 66, 70-73
government lobbying of, 59-61, 64-68, 75-76, 77-81, 308
marriage of,see Judah, Anna Ferona Pierce
railroad promotions by, 59-61, 104
Sacramento Valley Railroad designed by, 56, 57-58, 62, 111
salary of, 112, 114
Sierra Nevada route surveyed by, 67, 68-70, 72, 73, 74-75, 81, 101, 104, 109-10, 111, 127, 146, 308
on Summit Tunnel, 244
transcontinental railroad planned by, 56, 58-59, 63, 382
trestles proposed by, 154
Judd, Norman, 31, 38, 39, 40
Julesburg, Colo., 168, 184
vice in, 218, 219-20, 228
Jupiter, 361, 362, 363, 366-67
Kasson, John, 39, 40
Kearney City, Nebr., 176, 184
Kennedy, Michael, 349
Killeen, Edward, 349
King, Clarence, 145-46
Klein, Maury, 92, 95, 186-87, 213, 326, 380
Koopmanschap (labor contractor), 152, 161
Lander, Frederick, 32, 34-35, 36
Lane, Joseph, 65
Laramie, Wyo., 221, 251, 262, 271
Lathrop, J., 256, 257
Lee, Robert E., 87, 96, 97, 110, 114, 123, 158, 292, 356
Lee Chew, 152-53
Leete, B. F., 71
Lemon, David, 266
Leonardo da Vinci, 26
Lewis, Meriwether, 19, 38, 42, 59, 100, 127, 143, 292, 356
Lexington, 51-52
Liberty Loans, 165
Lincoln, Abraham, 37, 76
background of, 26-27
Civil War progress and, 41, 77, 83, 97, 98, 123, 130, 272
congressional term of, 28
death of, 133
in election campaigns, 23, 27, 39-40, 67, 69, 70, 123
law career of, 29-30
as public speaker, 41, 89, 98, 99
Pullman car built for, 185, 226, 274
route choices considered by, 24, 31, 38-39, 87, 89, 91, 95, 98, 128, 270
Sierra Nevada limits determined by, 108, 149
on slavery, 36, 104, 250
standard gauge chosen by, 95, 180, 347
as supporter of railroads, 18, 19, 27-29, 39, 40, 41, 79, 80, 85, 87-88, 90, 94, 95, 98, 250, 270-71, 382
on UP construction, 86-88, 132
Lincoln, Robert Todd, 185
lobbying, 40, 59-61, 64-68, 75-76, 77-81, 95-96, 193-94, 196, 308, 321-22, 333-34, 376, 379
Lockwood, E. O, 209
locomotives, 307
casualties caused by, 268-69, 325-26
cost of, 117, 147, 301
fires sparked from, 303
Indians’ competition with, 210
smoke produced by, 24
speed of, 268
steam power of, 32, 42, 221
technological improvements of, 25, 28, 57, 268
weight of, 57, 115, 117
Lodgepole Creek, 131, 212, 251, 271, 344
Lone Tree Station, passenger service initiated to, 187, 188
Loomis, Augustus Ward, 162
Louisiana Purchase, 18, 292, 356
Loup Fork Bridge, 175, 187, 190
Loup River, 138-39, 168, 174
McCallum, Daniel C, 99-100
McClellan, George B., 77, 79, 80, 103, 158, 292
McCormick, Cyrus H., 140
McCulloch, Hugh, 313, 333, 334
McDougall, James A., 77, 78
McDowell, Irvin, 77
McLaughlin, Charles, 113
McNamara, Fred, 349
McWade (railroad worker), 328-29
Madden, D. W, 123
Mallory, Benjamin, 363
M&M (Mississippi and Missouri Railroad), 32-33, 34, 37, 39
Marsh, Charles, 74
Maxwell, James, 140-41, 293-94
Merriman, Halsey, 93
Mexican War, 51, 52, 356, 364
Meyer, Hugo, 377
Mills, Darius O., 379
Mills, Morris, 268, 269
mining:
Chinese immigrants in, 150
railroad workers’ defections to, 107, 119, 121, 148, 154
Minkler, Henry H., 198
Mississippi and Missouri Railroad (M&M), 32-33, 34, 37, 39
Mississippi River, bridge over, 30
Missouri, in Civil War, 98, 130
Missouri Bill (railroad worker), 199, 200
Missouri River, 33-34, 37, 168, 381
freezing of, 173, 207
railroad bridge over, 30, 188, 260, 373
supplies transported across, 20, 133, 173, 175, 181, 373
Mobile and Ohio Railroad, 85
Mohawk & Hudson, The, 27
Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, 25
Montague, Samuel Skerry:
background of, 110
Chinese workers admired by, 152, 164
at completion ceremony, 367
construction reports made by, 124, 203
as CP engineer, 116, 117, 118, 206, 291, 306
on quality vs. pace of progress, 312
route improvements incorporated by, 124, 162-63
tunnel labor shifts organized by, 160
worker defections regretted by, 119
Monument Point, Utah, 255, 290-91, 313, 316, 345
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 376
Mormons:
leadership of, 278, 279, 280
polygamy practiced by, 281
population levels of, 280
as railroad laborers, 189, 242, 261, 281-91, 294-95, 316, 327n, 329
westward route of, 33, 36, 279
Mormon War, 63
Morrill, Justin, 79
Morrill Land Grant Act, 79n
Morris, Isaac, 252
Morris, Thomas B., 338
Morse, John, 113
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada (King), 145-46
Murphy, R. A., 363
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 115, 170
Nebraska:
farming in, 169, 212
railroad routes in, 167-92, 168, 212
silver mining in, 148
statehood of, 172
UP land grants in, 211-12
weather extremes of, 207
Nevada:
CP line across, 297-317, 299, 343
Great Desert of, 309-10
statehood of, 18, 123
Nevada Central Railroad, 114
Newcastle, trestle bridge at, 154
New York Central Railroad, 99, 158
Niagara Gorge Railroad, 55-56, 69
Nichols, H. K., 141
nitroglycerin, 200-201, 235-36, 288, 328
Nobel, Alfred, 200, 201
North Platte River, 168, 223
railroad bridges over, 183, 187, 262
Nounan, Joseph, 285, 295
Nye, James, 339
Ogden, William B., 84
Ogden, Utah, 254, 255, 277, 286, 290-91, 296, 319, 327, 335
as UP-CP meeting, 339-40, 341, 371-72
“O’Halloran’s Luck” (Benét), 217-18
Omaha, Nebr.:
growth of, 167-69
oxbow route south of, 132
supply routes to, 133, 276-77, 373
as UP terminus, 87, 89-90, 91, 168, 184, 186
opium, 153, 162
Oregon Short Line, 225, 377
Orr, J. M., 295
Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco in the Summer of 1859, An (Greeley), 39
oxen, supply wagons drawn by, 234
Pacific, 115
Pacific Railroad Act (1862), 77-81, 83, 89, 94, 101-2, 108, 111, 147, 253-54, 257, 270-71, 306, 370
Pacific Railroad Act (1864), 94-96, 123, 143, 147, 254, 271
Pacific Railroad Museum, 66, 67
Pacific Railway Commission, U.S., 301
Palisade Canyon, 306
Panama, sea routes via, 49-50, 51, 52, 147, 249
Panama Canal, 17
paper money, 102
Partridge, A. P., 206, 237
“Passage to India” (Whitman), 358, 370
passenger service, 121-22, 124, 148-49, 187, 203, 222, 306-7, 323-25
Patterson, J. W., 185
Pawnee, 172, 173, 186, 265-66
Pawnee Killer (Cheyenne chief), 222, 225, 226
Pennsylvania, rail manufacture in, 28
Pennsylvania Fiscal Agency, 92-93
Perkins, J. R., 38, 85
pile driver, 107
Platte River Valley, 36-37, 87, 130-31, 140-43, 168, 183, 189, 212
Plum Creek, Indian attack near, 222-23, 225
Polk, James K, 42
polygamy, 281
Pony Express, 76
Poor, Henry V, 26, 82, 84, 89, 226, 231
Pope, John, 173
Populist Party, 80
postcombat trauma, 218
Powell, John Wesley, 275n
Practical Plan for Building the Pacific Railroad, A (Judah), 59-60
prairie dogs, 141
Pratt, Milando, 293
Price, Hiram, 94
Progressive Party, 80
Promontory, Utah, 316, 317, 319, 327, 352, 353
Promontory Mountains, 202, 255, 296, 327, 332-33, 338, 350
Promontory Summit, 362-63, 371, 372
prostitution, 217, 218, 219, 269
Pullman, George, 186
Pullman Palace Sleeping Car Company, 185, 369-70
Pusey, W.H.M., 23, 38, 39
rail chair, 57
railroads:
building costs of, 57, 133
Cheyenne museum on, 221
consolidation of, 246
curves on, 57, 78
development engendered by, 167-69, 176
financing of, 58
inclines climbed by, 57, 66, 125
land grants for, 30
management systems of, 99-100
military construction of, 84-85, 96
operating accidents of, 268-69
passenger conditions in, 24-25, 222
profitability of, 58
speed of, 57
state regulations developed on, 29-30
tax exemptions given to, 29
technological improvements of, 268
track structure of, 57
U.S. growth of, 28, 29, 35, 133-34, 371
as vehicle of U.S. expansion, 25see also Central Pacific Railroad; transcontinental railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
railroad workers,see construction workers
rails, cost of, 301
rain, 208, 212, 361
Ralston, William, 292
Rawlins, John A., 220, 223-24, 344, 367
Rawlins Springs, Wyo., 224, 251, 262
Red Desert, 223, 251
Redfield, William, 27
Reed, Peter, 40, 84
Reed, Samuel B., 349
in administrative hierarchy, 172, 174, 176, 187, 211, 273, 286
at completion ceremony, 361, 363, 364, 365, 366
as construction superintendent, 170, 172, 174-76, 183, 190, 227, 254, 256-61
on CP rivalry, 258-59
on Indian threat, 132, 183, 227
management conflict noted by, 212
overwork of, 258, 324, 330
rates of progress reported by, 176, 208, 261
on Salt Lake City, 129
in UP surveying parties, 91, 128, 135, 144, 220, 279
on vice, 218, 257-58
weather conditions monitored by, 207-8
on westward U.S. migration, 129
on Young’s construction contract, 261, 279, 282, 283, 284, 289, 290, 294
Reeder, Clarence, 287
Reno, Jesse Lee, 304
Reno, Nev., 299, 304, 308, 311
Republican Party, 23, 39-40, 66, 67, 71, 100
Rhodes, W. H., 311-12
Richardson, Albert D., 159-60, 278
Richardson, H. H., 380
riding bosses, 201
Riegel, Robert E., 105
rifles, 264
Robinson, L. L., 111, 122-23
Rockefeller, John D., 270
Rocket, 27
Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, 30
Rock Island Railroad Company, 24, 32, 35, 36, 40, 41
Rocky Mountain Press Club, 275
Rocky Mountains, 87, 207, 225, 252
Roosevelt, Theodore, 153
Root, Henry, 160, 201
Rusling, James, 240
Russell, Andrew, 260, 328, 337, 365, 366-67
Russell, Robert, 76, 79
Russia, Trans-Siberian Railway construction in, 18
Sacramento, 236
Sacramento Union, payoffs to, 120
Sacramento Valley Railroad, 55, 56, 57-58, 68, 104, 105, 110, 111, 122
Salt Lake City, Utah:
CP-UP rivalry and, 243
founding of, 278, 279
neatness of, 129
on railroad routes, 128, 238, 239, 279-80, 281, 285, 286, 289, 372-73
San Francisco, Calif.:
Chinese population of, 151-52
CP financial aid from, 109, 148
Sargent, Aaron A., 76, 77-78, 108, 380
Savage, C. R., 354-55, 365
Schill, Samuel, 287
Scott, A. B., 123
scrapers, 138
Second Bank of the United States, 83n
Seward, William, 90, 360
Seymour, Horatio, 55, 56, 91
Seymour, M. E., 258
Seymour, Silas, 186, 349, 363
in administrative hierarchy, 172, 271
Judah recommended by, 55
in route disputes, 98, 271-73
Sacramento Valley Railroad and, 55, 56
on UP achievement, 340
as UP consulting engineer, 91, 98, 172, 271, 342
Young’s contracts with, 282, 283, 289
Shannon, Fred, 376
Sharp, John, 285, 287, 290, 364
Sharp & Young, 285, 290
Shay, Michael, 349
sheep grazing, 267
Sheffield, Joseph, 32
shell shock, 218
Sheridan, Philip, 96, 98, 173, 272, 273
Sherman, Charles T., 96, 139
Sherman, John, 63, 94, 185, 281-82, 339
Sherman, William T., 18, 94
California business interests of, 55, 62
in Civil War, 96, 97, 123, 182
Dodge’s relationship with, 96-97, 98, 131-32, 171, 210, 215, 273
on gold rush, 54
Grant’s election supported by, 272
on Indian campaigns, 131-32, 174, 183, 211, 214, 215, 223, 225-26, 266
on naval transport to California, 51-52, 53, 368
as promoter of railroads, 185
recruitment shortages noted by, 211
on transcontinental project, 63, 171, 271, 357, 367-68, 382
troop transport by railroads foreseen by, 184-85, 215, 345
Sherman Pass, 223, 227, 251
Sherman Summit, 251, 259, 260, 271, 340, 380
Shilling, W N., 365-66
Sierra Nevada mountains:
border determination on, 108-9, 149
1866 survey of, 145-46
railroad route over, 19, 66-70, 72-75, 81, 118, 146-47, 231, 306-8, 343
Summit Tunnel through, 160-62, 194, 199-202, 204, 206, 232, 235-36, 239, 244, 247
as timber resource, 310
Sioux, 130, 135, 172-73, 209, 211, 214, 216, 223, 225, 265, 266
slang terms, 182
slavery, 356
freedom from, 86, 152, 177, 211, 250
transcontinental route decision impeded by, 31, 36, 43, 60, 63, 76
Small, Hank, 307
Smith, Joseph, 279
Smoot, Bill, 295-96
snow, 75, 147, 195, 197-98, 203-6, 208, 231, 232-33, 239, 259, 323-25
snowsheds, 234-35, 245, 302-4
Snyder, Webster, 257, 258, 324, 325, 329, 344
Southern Pacific Railroad, 165, 246, 377-78, 379
spikes, 57, 181
Spotted Tail (Sioux Indian), 209, 210
Springfield rifle, 265
stable bosses, 137
stagecoach service, 345, 362
Stanford, Asa Philip, 113
Stanford, Leland, 19, 113, 245, 255
business interests of, 72, 73, 104
on Chinese immigrant workers, 150, 164, 243
at completion ceremony, 360, 361, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367
on construction management, 200, 237, 291
construction photos arranged by, 122
CP financial management and, 121, 147, 149, 246-47, 301, 335
CP holdings of, 43, 105
on Crocker’s financial position, 165
on eastern railroad limit, 326-27, 330
financing sought by, 106, 108, 109
on grading difficulties, 163, 332
groundbreaking by, 106-7, 362
later years of, 379-80
Mormon contracts handled by, 288-90, 291-92, 306, 315-16
in politics, 62, 72, 74, 196, 243, 380
on profitability of eastern route, 238
promotional events handled by, 106-7, 118, 121, 159
railroad consolidation backed by, 246
on rate of progress, 300, 306, 316-17
reputation of, 270
snowsheds approved by, 302, 304
on subsidy bonds, 367
on UP-CP rivalry, 291-92, 312, 316-17, 331, 335
wagon road owned by, 76
Stanford, Leland, Jr., 380
Stanley, Henry Morton, 130, 179, 182, 218, 266
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 229
state universities, 79n
steam power, 32, 42
Stephenson, George, 25, 27
Stevens, Robert L., 57
Stevens, Thaddeus, 78
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 45
Stewart, Joseph P., 95-96
Stewart, William M., 339
Strobridge, Hanna Maria, 198-99, 314, 364
Strobridge, James Harvey, 19, 120, 244, 382
background of, 120
on Big Trestle construction, 338
blasting operations run by, 156, 200, 201, 235
on Chinese laborers, 149-50, 152, 164, 241, 243
at completion ceremony, 365, 366
construction pace and, 236, 239, 300-301, 322-23, 346, 347, 348
discipline maintained by, 120, 164, 198
on drilling technologies, 236-37
family life of, 198-99, 314
hiring policies of, 148, 149-50, 161, 198
supplies organized by, 308, 315, 322-23, 328, 362
on weather difficulties, 197-98, 204, 206, 305
work crews organized by, 156, 163, 203, 305, 327, 350, 351
Strong, Daniel W. “Doc,” 69-70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 108, 112, 113, 115
Suez Canal, 370
Sullivan, Michael, 349
Summit Tunnel, 160-62, 194, 199-202, 204, 206, 232, 235-36, 239, 244, 247
surveyors, 19, 125-29, 134-36, 140-43, 144, 215-16, 262-65, 326
Sweet, Cyrus, 363
switchbacks, 25, 78
swiveling truck, 25
tallow-pot, 182
Taylor, Bayard, 169
Taylor, John, 368
T. D. Judah, 115
telegraph lines, 67, 76, 167, 250, 257, 258, 279, 292, 314, 315, 357, 365, 369-70
Thatcher, Moses, 169
Thayer, John M., 185, 210
Thayer, Sam, 153
Thompson, A. L., 258
tie-down, 182
tie layers, 180, 181-82
timber supplies, 135, 139-40, 154, 189, 254, 309-10
Tipton, F. W., 185
Todd, John, 357
track layers, 118, 139, 275-76, 311-12, 315, 329, 346-52
Train, George Francis, 86, 88, 90, 92-93, 96, 186, 191
transcontinental railroad:
completion ceremonies of, 354, 356, 360-68
congressional legislation on, 77-81, 83, 89, 94-96, 101-2, 108, 111, 123, 143, 147, 193-94
economic benefits of, 249-50, 253, 369-71
government financial aid on, 19, 58, 60, 64, 80-81, 87-88, 94-95, 252-55, 330-31, 333-35, 367, 377
grades used in, 66, 69, 74, 78, 119
land grants to, 60, 64, 81, 95, 253, 375-77
media enthrallment with, 185
meeting point of, 95, 254-55, 291, 339-40, 345, 358
mileage of, 18
mineral rights near, 95
passenger and freight charges on, 369, 376
political backing on, 39-41, 58-61, 279
popular support of, 24-25, 26, 27, 30, 32, 63, 101-2, 144, 149, 185, 194, 221-22, 249, 253, 345, 356-58
profitability of, 19
right of way along sides of, 80
route chosen for, 24, 26, 27, 31, 32-39, 40-41, 59, 60-61, 63, 66-67, 125-29, 326
speed of, 357, 369
Washington promotional efforts on, 59-61, 64-68, 75-76, 193, 194
Western European enthusiasm on, 250see also Central Pacific Railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
transcontinental railroad construction:
CP-UP rivalry in, 155, 193-94, 201, 203, 225, 230-31, 238-39, 241, 242-43, 244, 247, 248, 249, 252, 274, 277, 282-83, 290-92, 300, 304-5, 306, 313, 316-17, 322-23, 331, 333-35, 337-40, 341-42, 346-52, 362-63, 365, 371-72
criticisms of, 252-53
disputed territory in, 330-31, 333-35, 339-40
end of, 352-55
geological challenges of, 250-52
pace of progress in, 20, 178, 194, 252
parallel grades in, 255, 277, 290-92, 306, 327, 353, 371-72
speed vs. quality of, 19, 20, 252, 371
supply routes for, 19-20, 249
water sources planned in, 127
workforce on, 21-22, 378-79see also construction workers
Trans-Siberian Railway, 18
trestles, 26, 124, 139, 154-55, 338-39
Truckee River, 201, 202, 231, 237, 244, 304, 305, 307-8, 309
tunnels, 20
blasting powder used on, 160-61, 328
Chinese workers vs. Cornish miners in excavation of, 199-200
cost of, 104, 161, 235-36, 291
in granite, 147, 155-56, 231-32, 235
hoisting engine used in work on, 199
nitroglycerin blasting of, 200-201, 235-36, 288, 328
physical demands of work on, 21
Summit, 160-62, 194, 199-202, 204, 206, 232, 235-36, 239, 244, 247
switchbacks vs., 78
on UP line, 207, 288, 295, 327-28
weather delays on, 197, 203, 204-5, 207, 232-34
Tweed, William M. “Boss,” 336
Tweed, William M., Jr., 336, 339
Union Pacific Railroad (UP):
board of directors of, 83-84, 128
bridges constructed by, 211, 221, 252, 259-61, 276-77, 288, 338, 344, 373
Cheyenne museum on, 221
chief engineers of, 18, 84-85, 91-92, 97, 98-99, 131-32, 171-72, 254, 381
city development aided by, 167-69, 176
in completion ceremonies, 354, 363-67
construction contracts on, 92-93, 99, 105, 212, 227, 246, 282-85, 294-95, 318-20, 335-36
construction management of, 18, 254, 256-62, 329-30
corporate leadership of, 19, 83-84, 89, 170-72, 191, 212, 226-27, 252, 285-86, 336, 342, 378, 380-81
costs of, 98, 99, 226, 283, 329
cottonwood ties on, 139-40, 252, 274
CP rivalry with, 155, 193-94, 201, 203, 225, 230-31, 238-39, 241, 242-43, 244, 247, 248, 249, 252, 274, 277, 282-83, 290-92, 300, 304-5, 306, 313, 316-17, 322-23, 331, 333-35, 337-40, 341-42, 346-52, 362-63, 365, 371-72
creation of, 80, 83, 89, 279, 365
Crédit Mobilier dividends of stock in, 318, 372-75
curves in, 135
defective construction on, 344
eastern terminus of, 87, 89-90, 91
expansion of, 378
financial management of, 92-94, 95-96, 98, 140, 190, 226, 270, 277, 282-83, 301, 318-21, 329, 330, 335-37, 339, 342-43, 359-60, 372-75, 378
fires on, 208, 216-17, 222-23
government bonds for, 84, 95, 98, 143, 170, 190, 226, 227, 252, 254, 334, 335, 375
government inspections of, 169-70, 183, 184, 211, 215, 252, 276
grading work on, 136-39, 174, 213, 274, 285, 287, 288, 290-92, 324, 327, 341
groundbreaking ceremony of, 89-90
Hell-on-Wheels towns along, 217-19, 221, 228, 259, 269, 275, 276, 337, 353, 372
highest altitude of, 210, 259, 261
Indian hostilities as obstacle to, 20, 132, 136, 141, 172-73, 174, 183, 209, 211, 214-16, 220, 222-23, 225-26, 227, 263, 264-67
investors in, 86, 88-89, 93-94, 95, 212, 226-27, 252, 279
Irish workers on, 18, 21, 177, 217-18, 327, 378
laborers on, 133, 136-39, 143-44, 173, 177-82, 189, 210, 211, 212-13, 221-22, 230-31, 274, 275-76, 281-85, 286-88, 290, 294-96, 329, 359, 378
land grants developed by, 98, 187-88, 211-12, 219-20, 252, 253
locomotives of, 139, 186, 221, 226
management difficulties of, 91-92, 98-99, 336
military organizational model of, 172, 213
Oregon Short Line of, 224-25, 377
passenger service on, 184, 187, 222, 324-25
profitability of, 93, 98, 212, 226, 227, 252, 336
promotional excursions on, 185-86, 190, 261, 275, 281-82
quality vs. speed in building of, 140, 144, 191-92, 252, 273, 274, 276
ransom paid for officials of, 359-60
rates of progress on, 138-39, 140, 143, 159, 170, 174, 176, 179, 182-83, 184, 185, 191, 192, 203, 208, 210, 212, 221-22, 226-28, 230, 243, 259, 261, 262, 273-77, 297, 322-23, 327-28, 331, 346, 352-53, 354
route decisions on, 87, 91-92, 95, 98, 127-29, 132, 134-36, 142, 144, 168, 175, 188-89, 190-91, 210, 212, 220, 221, 223-25, 251, 254, 262, 271-73, 279-80, 319, 333
smoothness of ride on, 183
standard gauge used in, 95, 180
supply routes for construction of, 20, 133, 167, 173, 175, 179-80, 181, 227, 230, 254, 260, 274, 373
telegraph contacts of, 256-57, 258
territory served by, 18
towns established along, 188, 220-21, 224, 259-60, 262, 324, 337, 354
track-laying operations of, 170, 171, 173-74, 180-82, 209, 212-13, 227-28, 244, 259, 273-74, 275-76, 300, 322-23, 327, 346
travel speeds of, 170, 183, 187
tunnels constructed on, 207, 288, 295, 327-28
water supplies of, 223-24, 225, 262
weather conditions on, 173, 178, 190, 207-8, 209, 228, 239, 259, 276, 277, 292, 296, 324-25, 361
western limit of, 95, 193-94, 225, 230, 238, 254-55, 277, 290, 291-92, 326, 332, 335, 339-40, 341, 355, 358, 371-72
as Western U.S. troop transport, 184, 215, 253
United States:
population growth of, 27-28, 139, 371
Southern secession from, 69, 70, 75, 76
taming of West in, 267
territorial expansion of, 42-43
troop transport in, 184, 215, 345-46
as world power, 133, 358
Utah:
agriculture in, 280, 282, 284, 293
railroad routes in, 279-80, 286, 315-17, 319
statehood of, 18
UP-CP rivalry over, 255, 277
Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 114, 115, 116, 270, 336
Wade, Benjamin, 185
walking bosses, 137, 138
Ward, Artemus, 97
Warren, Gouverneur K., 276, 313
Wasatch Range, 128, 129, 189, 202, 224, 231, 237, 255, 262, 276, 312, 319, 328
Washburne, E. B., 94-95
water supplies, 162, 195-96, 202, 223-24, 225, 262, 268-69, 301, 309, 372
Weber River Canyon, 128, 202, 224, 225, 237, 238, 261, 279, 283, 287, 289, 291, 292, 295, 300, 328, 332, 361
Webster, Daniel, 29, 357
West, Chauncey, 290
Western Pacific Railroad, 246
Wheat, Carl, 59
whistle down brakes, 182
Whitman, Walt, 358, 370
Whitney, Josiah D., 108, 149
Wilder, J. O., 205
Winnemucca, Nev., 299, 313
Winther, Oscar, 139
Wood, George, 307
workers, railroad,see construction workers
Wyoming:
population growth in, 210n
UP route in, 212, 220, 251, 254, 256-64, 268-69, 271-76, 282, 288, 319
Young, Brigham, 19, 129, 224, 278-85, 364
code name of, 292
construction contracts with, 261, 282-85, 288-90, 294-95, 306, 335, 342
CP-UP rivalry and, 242-43
Durant’s nonpayment of, 294-95, 318-20, 335-36, 372
leadership qualities of, 278, 285
Mormon church led by, 279, 280, 286
on railroad towns, 276
Salt Lake City railroad route sought by, 128, 129, 279-80, 286, 289, 372-73
on UP board of directors, 128
UP stock purchased by, 86, 279
Young, Brigham, Jr., 281-82, 285
Young, John W., 285
Young, Joseph A., 279, 285