Africa Today. 2000. “Sexuality and Generational Identities in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Special issue. Vol. 47, no. 3/4.
Agee, James, and William Evans. [1941] 1988. Let Us Now Praise Famous Men: Three Tenant Families. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Althusser, Louis. 1967. “Contradiction and Overdetermination.” New Left Review 41:15–35.
American Psychiatric Association. 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
Anderson, Elijah. 1990. Streetwise: Race, Class, and Change in an Urban Community. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ariëns, Ilva, and Ruud Strijp. 1989. “Anthropological Couples: In the Field and Beyond.” Focaal 10:5–24.
Arthur D. Little Inc. 1975. Commercial and Industrial Activity in San Francisco: Present Characteristics and Future Trends. San Francisco: Department of City Planning.
Asad, Talal. 1973. Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter. London: Ithaca Press.
Ashforth, Adam. 2000. Madumo: A Man Bewitched. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Atlas, John, and Peter Dreier. 1994. “Decent Public Housing: What Went Wrong?” Shelterforce, no. 74, September/October. www.nhi.org/online/issues/77/pubhsg.html (accessed October 19, 2007).
Auyero, Javier. 2000. “The Hyper-Shantytown: Neo-Liberal Violence(s) in the Argentine Slum.” Ethnography 1 (1): 93–116.
Barthes, Roland. 1981. Camera Lucida: Reflections on Photography. Translated by Richard Howard. New York: Hill and Wang.
Bay Area Social Planning Council. 1969. “Background Information for Use of the Study Committee, San Francisco Juvenile Court, Vol. 1968–1969: Oakland, California.” San Francisco Council. Mimeographed report.
Beck, E. M., and Stewart Tolnay. 1990. “The Killing Fields of the Deep South: The Market for Cotton and the Lynching of Blacks, 1882–1930.” American Sociological Review 55 (4): 526–539.
Bellah, Robert N. 1985. Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Belmonte, Thomas. 1989. The Broken Fountain. New York: Columbia University Press.
Benjamin, Walter. [1931] 1979. “A Small History of Photography.” In One-Way Street and Other Writings, edited by Marcus Paul Bullock and Michael William Jennings, translated by Edmund Jephcott and Kingsley Shorter, 240–257. New York: Verso.
———. [1931] 1999. “Little History of Photography.” In Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, edited by Michael W. Jennings, Howard Eiland, and Gary Smith, 507–530. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap, Harvard University Press.
———. [1936] 1968. “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction.” In Illuminations: Essays and Reflections, edited by Hannah Arendt, translated by Harry Zohn, 217–251. New York: Schocken Books.
———. [1940] 1968. Illuminations: Essays and Reflections. Edited by Hannah Arendt; translated by Harry Zohn. New York: Schocken Books.
Berger, John. 1972. Ways of Seeing. London: Penguin Books.
Biehl, João. 2007. Will to Live: AIDS Therapies and the Politics of Survival. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Bipartisan Millennial Housing Commission. 2002. Meeting Our Nation’s Housing Challenges: Report of the Bipartisan Millennial Housing Commission Appointed by the Congress of the United States. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Bletzer, Keith V. 1995. “Use of Ethnography in the Evaluation and Targeting of HIV/AIDS Education among Latino Farm Workers.” AIDS Education and Prevention 7 (2): 178–191.
Blumstein, Alfred, and Joel Wallman, eds. 2000. The Crime Drop in America. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Bonham, Vence L. 2001. “Race, Ethnicity, and Pain Treatment: Striving to Understand the Causes and Solutions to the Disparities in Pain Treatment.” Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics 29 (1): 52–68.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Translated by Richard Nice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 1990. The Logic of Practice. Translated by Richard Nice. Cambridge: Polity Press.
———. 2000. Pascalian Meditations. Translated by Richard Nice. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
———. 2001. Masculine Domination. Translated by Richard Nice. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
———. 2002. Le bal des célibataires: Crise de la société paysanne en Béarn. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.
———. 2004. “The Peasant and His Body.” Ethnography 5 (4): 579–600.
Bourdieu, Pierre, and Loïc Wacquant. 1992. An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bourgois, Philippe. 1989. Ethnicity at Work: Divided Labor on a Central American Banana Plantation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
———. 1995. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. New York: Cambridge University Press.
———. 1996a. “Confronting Anthropology, Education, and Inner-City Apartheid.” American Anthropologist 98 (2): 249–258.
———. 1996b. “In Search of Masculinity: Violence, Respect, and Sexuality among Puerto Rican Crack Dealers in East Harlem.” British Journal of Criminology 36 (3): 412–427.
———. 1997. “Overachievement in the Underground Economy: The Life Story of a Puerto Rican Stick-Up Artist in East Harlem.” Free Inquiry for Creative Sociology 25 (1): 23–32.
———. 1998a. “Just Another Night in the Shooting Gallery.” Theory, Culture, and Society 15 (2): 37–66.
———. 1998b. “The Moral Economies of Homeless Heroin Addicts: Confronting Ethnography, HIV Risk, and Everyday Violence in San Francisco Shooting Encampments.” Substance Use and Misuse 33 (11): 2323–2351.
———. 1999. “Theory, Method, and Power in Drug and HIV-Prevention Research: A Participant-Observer’s Critique.” Substance Use and Misuse 34 (14): 2155–2172.
———. 2000. “Disciplining Addictions: The Bio-Politics of Methadone and Heroin in the United States.” Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 24 (2): 165–195.
———. 2001a. “Culture of Poverty.” In International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, edited by Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, 11904–11907. Oxford: Pergamon.
———. 2001b. “The Power of Violence in War and Peace: Post–Cold War Lessons from El Salvador.” Ethnography 2 (1): 5–37.
———. 2002. “Anthropology and Epidemiology on Drugs: The Challenges of Cross-Methodological and Theoretical Dialogue.” International Journal of Drug Policy 13 (4): 259–269.
———. 2003a. “Crack and the Political Economy of Social Suffering.” Addiction Research and Theory 11 (1): 31–37.
———. 2003b. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2004. “U.S. Inner-City Apartheid and the War on Drugs: Crack among Homeless Heroin Addicts.” In Unhealthy Health Policy: A Critical Anthropological Examination, edited by Arachu Castro and Merrill Singer, 303–316. Walnut Creek, Calif.: Alta Mira.
———. 2005a. “Epilogo 2005.” In Cercando rispetto: Drug economy e cultura di strada, edited by Philippe Bourgois, 339–349. Milan: Derive Approdi.
———. 2005b. “Missing the Holocaust: My Father’s Account of Auschwitz from August 1943 to June 1944.” Anthropological Quarterly 78 (1): 89–123.
———. 2008. “The Mystery of Marijuana: Science and the U.S. War on Drugs.” Substance Use and Misuse 43 (3/4): 581–583.
Bourgois, Philippe, and Julie Bruneau. 2000. “Needle Exchange, HIV Infection, and the Politics of Science: Confronting Canada’s Cocaine Injection Epidemic with Participant Observation.” Medical Anthropology 18 (4): 325–350.
Bourgois, Philippe, Mark Lettiere, and James Quesada. 1997. “Social Misery and the Sanctions of Substance Abuse: Confronting HIV Risk among Homeless Heroin Addicts in San Francisco.” Social Problems 44 (2): 155–173.
Bourgois, Philippe, Alexis Martinez, Alex Kral, Brian R. Edlin, Jeff Schonberg, and Dan Ciccarone. 2006. “Reinterpreting Ethnic Patterns among White and African American Men Who Inject Heroin: A Social Science of Medicine Approach.” PLoS Medicine 3 (10): 1805–1815. http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0030452 (accessed October 24, 2007).
Bourgois, Philippe, Bridget Prince, and Andrew Moss. 2004. “Everyday Violence and the Gender of Hepatitis C among Young Women Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco.” Human Organization 63 (3): 253–264.
Bourgois, Philippe, and Jeff Schonberg. 2007. “Intimate Apartheid: Ethnic Dimensions of Habitus among Homeless Heroin Injectors.” Ethnography 8 (1): 7–31.
Bovenkerk, Frank. 1984. “The Rehabilitation of the Rabble: How and Why Marx and Engels Wrongly Depicted the Lumpenproletariat as a Reactionary Force.” Netherlands Journal of Sociology 20 (1): 13–41.
Brandes, Stanley H. 1980. Metaphors of Masculinity: Sex and Status in Andalusian Folklore. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Brandt, Allan M. 1987. No Magic Bullet: A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States since 1880. New York: Oxford University Press.
Broussard, Albert. 1993. Black San Francisco: The Struggle for Racial Equality in the West, 1900–1954. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
Brown, Peter, and Robert Lamont. 2002. Poverty and Leadership in the Later Roman Empire. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. 2004. “Homicide Trends in the U.S.: Trends by Race.” U.S. Department of Justice. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/homicide/race.htm (accessed August 11, 2005).
———. 2005. “Prison Statistics: Summary Findings on June 30, 2004.” U.S. Department of Justice. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/prisons.htm (accessed August 11, 2005).
Bussard, Robert. 1987. “The ‘Dangerous Class’ of Marx and Engels: The Rise of the Idea of the Lumpenproletariat.” History of European Ideas 8 (6): 675–692.
Butler, Judith P. 1997. The Psychic Life of Power: Theories in Subjection. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Cáceres, Carlos F., and Ana Maria Rosasco. 2000. Secreto a voces: Homoerotismo masculino en Lima: Culturas, identidades y salud sexual. Lima: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia/REDESS Jóvenes.
California Department of Corrections. 2005. “Ward per Capita Cost [Department of Juvenile Justice].” www.cdcr.ca.gov/Reports_Research/wardcost_0405.html (accessed December 6, 2007).
———. 2007. “First Quarter 2007 Facts and Figures.” www.cdcr.ca.gov/Divisions_Boards/Adult_Operations/Facts_and_Figures.html (accessed December 5, 2007).
Caulkins, Jonathan P., Peter Reuter, Martin Y. Iguchi, and James Chiesa. 2005. How Goes the “War on Drugs”? An Assessment of U.S. Drug Problems and Policy. Occasional Paper. Drug Policy Research Center. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND.
Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, Hamburg University. 2006. “The German Model Project for Heroin Assisted Treatment of Opioid Dependent Patients.” www.heroinstudie.de/english.html (accessed January 2, 2007).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [2005] 2007a. “Fact Sheet: HIV/AIDS among African Americans.” http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/aa/resources/factsheets/aa.htm (accessed December 5, 2007).
———. 2007b. “Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Diagnoses of HIV/AIDS: 33 States, 2001–2005.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 56 (9): 189–193.
Central Committee on the Treatment of Heroin Addicts. 2002. “Medical Co-Prescription of Heroin: Two Randomized Controlled Trials.” www.ccbh.nl/ENG/indexN4.htm (accessed January 2, 2007).
Chauncey, George. 1994. Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940. New York: Basic Books.
Ciccarone, Dan, Josh Bamberger, Alex Kral, Brian Edlin, Chris Hobart, A. Moon, E. L. Murphy, Philippe Bourgois, Hobart W. Harris, and D. M. Young. 2001. “Soft Tissue Infections among Injection Drug Users: San Francisco, California, 1996–2000.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 50 (19): 381–384.
Ciccarone, Dan, and Philippe Bourgois. 2003. “Explaining the Geographic Variation of HIV among Injection Drug Users in the United States.” Substance Use and Misuse 38 (14): 2049–2063.
Ciccarone, Dan, Ali Kraus, and George Unick. 2007. “Dope at Discount: Public Health Consequences of Historically Low-Cost and Pure Heroin in the United States, 1990–2004.” Paper presented at annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Washington D.C., November 3–7.
CNN. 1995. “Races Disagree on Impact of Simpson Trial—CNN/Time Magazine Poll.” www.cnn.com/US/OJ/daily/9510/10-06/poll_race/oj_poll_txt.html (accessed February 15, 2005).
Collier, John, Jr., and Malcolm Collier. 1990. Visual Anthropology: Photography as a Research Method. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
Comaroff, Jean. 2007. “Beyond Bare Life: AIDS, (Bio)Politics, and the Neoliberal Order.” Public Culture 19 (1): 197–219.
Connell, R.W. 1995. Masculinities. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Contoreggi, C., S. Jones, P. Simpson, W.R. Lange, and W.A. Meyer. 2000. “Effects of Varying Concentrations of Bleach on In Vitro HIV-1 Replication and the Relevance to Injection Drug Use.” Intervirology 43 (1): 1–5.
Courtwright, David T. 2001. Forces of Habit: Drugs and the Making of the Modern World. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Dallas Observer. 1994. November 17. Denise McVea, “Wine Punch: The Economics of Selling the ‘Wine Fooler’ to Dallas’ Minority Community.” www.dallasobserver.com/1994-11-17/news/wine-punch/1 (accessed December 4, 2007).
Das, Veena. 1994. “Moral Orientations to Suffering.” In Health and Social Change in International Perspective, edited by Lincoln C. Chen, Arthur Kleinman, and Norma Ware, 139–167. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
D’Aunno, Thomas, and Harold A. Pollack. 2002. “Changes in Methadone Treatment Practices: Results from a National Panel Study, 1988–2000.” Journal of the American Medical Association 288 (7): 850–856.
Davidson, Peter J., Rachel L. McLean, Alex H. Kral, Alice A. Gleghorn, Brian R. Edlin, and Andrew R. Moss. 2003. “Fatal Heroin-Related Overdose in San Francisco, 1997–2000: A Case for Targeted Intervention.” Journal of Urban Health 80 (2): 261–273.
Davis, Mike. 1990. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. New York: Verso.
———. 2006. Planet of Slums. New York: Verso.
Day, Sophie, Evthymios Papataxiarchis, and Michael Stewart. 1999. “Consider the Lilies of the Field.” In Lilies of the Field: Marginal People Who Live for the Moment, edited by Sophie Day, Evthymios Papataxiarchis, and Michael Stewart, 1–24. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
Dazord, A., B. Broers, F. Giner, and A. Mino. 1998. “Qualité de la vie de patients toxicomanes ayant une prise en charge comportant une prescription contrôlée d’héroïne.” Annales médicopsychologiques 156:681–693.
Defoe, Daniel. [1722] 2002. Moll Flanders: The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders. New York: Modern Library.
De Giorgi, Alessandro. 2006. Re-Thinking the Political Economy of Punishment: Perspectives on Post-Fordism and Penal Politics. Aldershot, England: Ashgate.
Deleuze, Gilles. 1995. Negotiations, 1972–1990. Translated by Martin Joughin. New York: Columbia University Press.
D’Emilio, John. 1983. “Capitalism and Gay Identity.” In Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexuality, edited by Ann Snitow, Christine Stansell, and Sharon Thompson, 100–113. New York: Monthly Review Press.
DePastino, Todd. 2003. Citizen Hobo: How a Century of Homelessness Shaped America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Donaldson, Stephen. 2004. “Hooking Up: Protective Pairing for Punks.” In Violence in War and Peace: An Anthology, edited by Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Philippe Bourgois, 348–353. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell.
Dordick, Gwendolyn. 1997. Something Left to Lose: Personal Relations and Survival among New York’s Homeless. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Draper, Hal. 1972. “The Concept of the ‘Lumpenproletariat’ in Marx and Engels.” Économies et sociétés 6 (12): 2285–2312.
Dreier, Peter. 2004a. “Reagan’s Legacy: Homelessness in America.” Shelterforce, no. 124, May/June, www.nhi.org/online/issues/135/reagan.html (accessed October 23, 2007).
———. 2004b. “Urban Neglect: George W. Bush and the Cities: The Damage Done and the Struggle Ahead.” Shelterforce, no. 137, September/October, www.nhi.org/online/issues/137/urbanneglect.html (accessed October 23, 2007).
Drug Policy Alliance. 2007. Methadone Maintenance Treatment. www.drugpolicy.org/library/research/methadone.cfm (accessed January 9, 2007).
Duneier, Mitchell. 1999. Sidewalk. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Duster, Troy. 1970. The Legislation of Morality: Law, Drugs, and Moral Judgment. New York: Free Press.
Earls, Felton, and Jacquelin Barnes. 1997. “Understanding and Preventing Child Abuse in Urban Settings.” In Violence and Childhood in the Inner City, edited by Joan McCord, 207–255. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Edlin, Brian. 2004. “Hepatitis C Prevention and Treatment for Substance Abusers in the United States: Acknowledging the Elephant in the Living Room.” International Journal of Drug Policy 15:81–91.
Edwards, Elizabeth, and Janice Hart. 2004. Photographs Objects Histories: On the Materiality of Images. New York: Routledge.
Engels, Frederick. [1845] 1968. The Condition of the Working Class in England. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
———. [1870] 2000. “Preface to the Second Edition.” In The Peasant War in Germany, 2nd ed., vii–xiv. New York: International Publishers.
———. [1884] 1942. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, in the Light of the Researches of Lewis H. Morgan. New York: International Publishers.
Epele, Maria Esther. 2002. “Scars, Harm, and Pain: About Being Injected among Drug Using Latina Women.” Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 1 (1): 47–69.
Epps, Kevin. 2003. Straight Outta Hunters Point. 75 min. USA: Mastamind Productions.
Epstein, Steven. 1996. Impure Science: AIDS, Activism, and the Politics of Knowledge. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Evans-Pritchard, E. E. [1937] 1976. Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Farmer, Paul. 1992. AIDS and Accusation: Haiti and the Geography of Blame. Berkeley: University of California Press.
———. 2003. Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Farmer, Paul, Margaret Connors, and Janie Simmons. 1996. Women, Poverty, and AIDS: Sex, Drugs, and Structural Violence. Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press.
Faubion, James D. 1993. Modern Greek Lessons: A Primer in Historical Constructivism. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Federal Office of Public Health, Confédération suisse. n.d. “Heroin-Assisted Treatment (HAT).” www.bag.admin.ch/themen/drogen/00042/00629/00798/01191/index.html?lang=en (accessed March 13, 2008).
Ferguson, James. 1990. The Anti-Politics Machine: “Development,” Depoliticization, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 2006. Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
Ferrandiz, Francisco. Forthcoming. “Open Veins: Spirits of Violence and Grief in Venezuela.” Ethnography 9 (3).
50 Cent. 2003. “P.I.M.P.” From Get Rich or Die Tryin’. Shady/Aftermath/Interscope, Universal Music and Video Distribution, Santa Monica, Calif.
Fischer, Benedict, Sarah Turnbull, Blake Poland, and Emma Haydon. 2004. “Drug Use, Risk, and Urban Order: Examining Supervised Injection Sites (SIS) as ‘Governmentality.’ ” International Journal of Drug Policy 15 (5–6): 357–365.
Fordham, Signithia. 1996. Blacked Out: Dilemmas of Race, Identity, and Success at Capital High. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Foucault, Michel. 1975. “Entretien sur la prison: Le livre et sa methode.” Magazine littéraire 101:27–33.
———. 1978. The History of Sexuality. Translated by Robert Hurley. New York: Pantheon.
———. 1981a. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972–1977. New York: Pantheon/Random House.
———. [1981b] 1991. Remarks on Marx: Conversations with Duccio Trombadori. Translated by R. J. Goldstein and J. Cascaito. New York: Semiotext(e).
———. 1988. “Confinement, Psychiatry, Prison.” In Politics, Philosophy, Culture: Interviews and Other Writings, 1977–1984, by Michel Foucault, edited by Lawrence Kritzman, 178–210. London: Routledge.
———. 1994. The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception. Translated by A. S. Smith. New York: Vintage Books.
———. 1995. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage Books.
Freud, Sigmund. [1900] 1965. The Interpretation of Dreams. Translated by James Strachey. New York: Avon.
Gainsborough, Jenni, and Marc Mauer. 2000. Diminishing Returns: Crime and Incarceration in the 1990s. Washington, D.C.: The Sentencing Project. www.sentencingproject.org/pdfs/9039.pdf.
Gang Research.net. 2006a. “Who Are the Vice Lords?” www.uic.edu/orgs/kbc/ganghistory/UrbanCrisis/ViceLords/VLDiscussion.html (accessed December 6, 2006).
———. 2006b. “Youth Organizations United.” http://gangresearch.net/cvl/cvlhistoryfinal/you.html (accessed December 6, 2006).
Garland, David. 1997. “ ‘Governmentality’ and the Problem of Crime: Foucault, Criminology, Sociology.” Theoretical Criminology 1 (2): 173–214.
Gates, Henry Louis. 1988. The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of Afro-American Literary Criticism. New York: Oxford University Press.
Geremek, Bronislaw. 1994. Poverty: A History. Translated by A. Kolakowska. Oxford: Blackwell.
Gfroerer, Joseph, Michael Penne, Michael Pemberton, and Ralph Folsom. 2003. “Substance Abuse Treatment Need among Older Adults in 2020: The Impact of the Aging Baby-Boom Cohort.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 69 (2): 127–135.
Gilfoyle, Timothy. 2004. “ ‘Street-Rats and Gutter-Snipes’: Child Pickpockets and Street Culture in New York City, 1850–1900.” Journal of Social History 37: 853–882.
Goldberg, Jim. 1995. Raised by Wolves. New York: Scalo.
Goldman, Emma. [1911] 1969. “The Traffic in Women.” In Anarchism and Other Essays, 177–194. New York: Dover.
Golub, Andrew, and Bruce D. Johnson. 1999. “Cohort Changes in Illegal Drug Use among Arrestees in Manhattan: From the Heroin Injection Generation to the Blunts Generation.” Substance Use and Misuse 34 (13): 1733–1763.
———. 2001. “Variation in Youthful Risks of Progression from Alcohol and Tobacco to Marijuana and to Hard Drugs across Generations.” American Journal of Public Health 91 (2): 225–232.
Good, Mary-Jo DelVecchio, Cara James, Anne Becker, and Byron Good. 2002. “The Culture of Medicine and Racial, Ethnic, and Class Disparities in Health Care.” In Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, edited by Brian D. Smedley, Adrienne Y. Stith, and Alan R. Nelson, 594–625. Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, Institute of Medicine. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.
Groth, Paul Erling. 1994. Living Downtown: The History of Residential Hotels in the United States. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Gupta, Akhil, and James Ferguson, eds. 1997. Anthropological Locations: Boundaries and Grounds of a Field Science. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Guterman, Stuart. 2000. Putting Medicare in Context: How Does the Balanced Budget Act Affect Hospitals? Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute. www.urban.org/publications/410247.html (accessed September 17, 2008).
Hahn, Judith, Margot Kushel, David Bangsberg, Elise Riley, and Andrew Moss. 2006. “The Aging of the Homeless Population: Fourteen-Year Trends in San Francisco.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 21 (7): 775–778.
Harper, Douglas. 2002. “Talking about Pictures: A Case for Photo Elicitation.” Visual Studies 17:13–16.
Harris, Hobart, and David Young. 2002. “Care of Injection Drug Users with Soft Tissue Infections in San Francisco, California.” Archives of Surgery 137 (11): 1217–1222.
Harvey, David. 2005. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Herman, Judith Lewis. 1992. Trauma and Recovery. New York: Basic Books.
Hirsch, Kenneth, and Teresa Wright. 2000. “ ‘Silent Killer’ or Benign Disease? The Dilemma of Hepatitis C Virus Outcomes.” Hepatology 31 (2): 536–537.
Hoenigman, Vince, and SPUR Homelessness Task Force. 2002. “Homelessness in a Progressive City.” San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association Newsletter, no. 408, 1, 3–9, 14–15.
Holmes, Seth M. 2006. “ ‘Parce qu’ils sont plus près du sol’: L’invisibilisation de la souffrance sociale des cueilleurs de baies.” Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales 165:28–51.
Hopper, Kim. 2003. Reckoning with Homelessness. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Hughes Brothers. 2000. American Pimp. Seventh Art Releasing, MGM Home Entertainment.
Human Rights Watch. 2008. Targeting Blacks: Drug Law Enforcement and Race in the United States. New York: Human Rights Watch. http://hrw.org/reports/2008/us0508 (accessed June 14, 2008).
Jackson, John L., Jr. 2001. Harlem World: Doing Race and Class in Contemporary Black America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Jarrett, Robin L., and Linda M. Burton. 1999. “Dynamic Dimensions of Family Structure in Low-Income African American Families: Emergent Themes in Qualitative Research.” Journal of Comparative Family Studies 30:177–188.
Jay-Z. 2004. “Big Pimpin’.” From Collision Course. Warner Bros. Records, Burbank, Calif.
Johnson, Chalmers. 2004. The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Juvenile Court Department. 1975. “Annual Report.” San Francisco, Calif.
Katz, Jack. 1988. Seductions of Crime: Moral and Sensual Attractions in Doing Evil. New York: Basic Books.
Katz, Michael. 1986. In the Shadow of the Poorhouse: A Social History of Welfare in America. New York: Basic Books.
Kaufman, Sharon R. 1993. The Healer’s Tale: Transforming Medicine and Culture. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Kaye, Kerwin. 2003. “Male Prostitution in the Twentieth Century: Pseudohomosexuals, Hoodlum Homosexuals, and Exploited Teens.” Journal of Homosexuality 46 (1/2): 1–77.
Keane, Helen. 2002. What’s Wrong with Addiction? New York: New York University Press.
Kidder, Tracy. 2003. Mountains beyond Mountains. New York: Random House.
Kids Count. 2002. Children at Risk: State Trends 1990–2000; A First Look at Census 2000 Supplementary Survey Data. Baltimore, Md.: Annie E. Casey Foundation; Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau. www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage
_01/0000019b/80/1a/57/a0.pdf (accessed October 23, 2007).
King, Ryan S. 2008. Disparity by Geography: The War on Drugs in America’s Cities. Washington, D.C.: Sentencing Project. www.sentencingproject.org/Admin/Documents/publications/dp
_drugarrestreport.pdf (accessed June 14, 2008).
Kleinman, Arthur, Veena Das, and Margaret M. Lock. 1997. Social Suffering. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Kleinman, Arthur, and Joan Kleinman. 1991. “Suffering and Its Professional Transformation: Toward an Ethnography of Interpersonal Experience.” Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 15 (3): 275–301.
Koester, Stephen K. 1994. “Copping, Running, and Paraphernalia Laws: Contextual Variables and Needle Risk Behavior among Injection Drug Users in Denver.” Human Organization 53 (3): 286–295.
Krieger, Nancy. 2000. “Refiguring ‘Race’: Epidemiology, Racialized Biology, and Biological Expressions of Race Relations.” International Journal of Health Services 30 (1): 211–216.
Kusmer, Kenneth L. 2002. Down and Out, On the Road: The Homeless in American History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lancaster, Roger. 1992. Life Is Hard: Machismo, Danger, and the Intimacy of Power in Nicaragua. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lander, J. 1990. “Fallacies and Phobias about Addiction and Pain.” British Journal of Addiction 85:803–809.
Lawrence, Sarah, and Jeremy Travis. 2004. The New Landscape of Imprisonment: Mapping America’s Prison Expansion. Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute Justice Policy Center. www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=410994 (accessed October 23, 2007).
Leri, Francesco, Robert E. Sorge, Erin Cummins, David Woehrling, James G. Pfaus, and Jane Stewart. 2007. “High-Dose Methadone Maintenance in Rats: Effects on Cocaine Self-Administration and Behavioral Side Effects.” Neuropsychopharmacology 32:2290–2300.
Levi, Primo. 1988. The Drowned and the Saved. Translated by Raymond Rosenthal. New York: Summit Books.
———. 1996. If This Is a Man: Remembering Auschwitz. A 3-in-1 Volume (Survival in Auschwitz, The Reawakening, Moments of Reprieve). Translated by Stuart Woolf. New York: Vintage.
Levinas, Emmanuel. 1998. Entre Nous: On Thinking-of-the-Other. Translated by Michael B. Smith and Barbara Harshav. New York: Columbia University Press.
Levine, Lawrence W. 1977. Black Culture and Black Consciousness: Afro-American Folk Thought from Slavery to Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press.
Litwack, Leon F. 2000. “Hellhounds.” In Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America, by Hilton Als, John Lewis, and Leon F. Litwack, edited by James Allen, 8–37. Santa Fe, N.M.: Twin Palms Publishers.
Lovell, Anne M. 2006. “Addiction Markets: The Case of High-Dose Buprenorphine in France.” In Global Pharmaceuticals: Ethics, Markets, Practices, edited by Adriana Petryna, Andrew Lakoff, and Arthur Kleinman, 136–170. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
Lupton, Deborah. 1995. The Imperative of Health: Public Health and the Regulated Body. London: Sage.
Lyon-Callo, Vincent. 2004. Inequality, Poverty, and Neoliberal Governance: Activist Ethnography in the Homeless Sheltering Industry. Peterborough, Ontario: Broadview Press.
MacLeod, Jay. 1987. Ain’t No Makin’ It: Leveled Aspirations in a Low-Income Neighborhood. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
Maharidge, Dale. 1996. Journey to Nowhere: The Saga of the New Underclass. New York: Hyperion.
Marcus, Anthony. 2005. Where Have All the Homeless Gone? The Making and Unmaking of a Crisis. New York: Berghahn Books.
Marset, Miguel. 2005. “Le PEPS: 10 Ans Déjà.” Paper presented at the “Portes ouvertes” conference, Geneva, September 26. Département de psychiatrie, Service d’abus de substances, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève.
Martin, Thomas J., Michael Coller, Conchita Co, and James E. Smith. 2007. “Mu-Opioid Receptor Alkylation in the Ventral Pallidum and Ventral Tegmental Area, But Not in the Nucleus Accumbens, Attenuates the Effects of Heroin on Cocaine Self-Administration in Rats.” Neuropsychopharmacology, advance online publication, June 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301490 (accessed January 4, 2008).
Marx, Karl. [1852] 1963. The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. Translated by C. P. Dutt. New York: International Publishers.
Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. [1848] 2002. The Communist Manifesto. London: Penguin Books.
Mauss, Marcel. [1924] 1990. The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies. Translated by W. Halls. London: Routledge.
———. 1936. “Les techniques du corps.” Journal de psychologie 32 (3–4): 365–386.
Mayhew, Henry, and Others. [1861] 2005. The London Underworld in the Victorian Period: Authentic First-Person Accounts by Beggars, Thieves and Prostitutes. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications.
McCord, C., and H. P. Freeman. 1990. “Excess Mortality in Harlem.” New England Journal of Medicine 322 (3): 173–177.
Mead, Margaret. 1970. “Fieldwork in the Pacific Islands, 1925–1967.” In Women in the Field: Anthropological Experiences, edited by P. Golde, 293–331. Chicago: Aldine.
Melhuus, Marit, and Kristi Anne Stolen. 1996. “Introduction.” In Machos, Mistresses, Madonnas: Contesting the Power of Latin American Gender Imagery, edited by Marit Melhuus and Kristi Anne Stolen, 1–33. New York: Verso.
Messerschmidt, James W. 1993. Masculinities and Crime: Critique and Reconceptualization of Theory. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield.
———. 1997. Crime as Structured Action: Gender, Race, Class, and Crime in the Making. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage.
Military Analysis Network. 1998. “Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco Naval Shipyard.” Federation of American Scientists. www.fas.org/man/company/shipyard/hunters_point.htm (accessed July 25, 2005).
Mitchell, W.J.T. 1994. Picture Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Moore, David. 2004. “Governing Street-Based Injecting Drug Users: A Critique of Heroin Overdose Prevention in Australia.” Social Science and Medicine 59 (7): 1547–1557.
Moss, A. R., and J. A. Hahn. 1999. “Invited Commentary: Needle Exchange—No Help for Hepatitis?” American Journal of Epidemiology 149 (3): 214–216.
Nader, Laura. 1997. “The Phantom Factor: Impact of the Cold War on Anthropology.” In The Cold War and the University: Toward an Intellectual History of the Postwar Years, by Noam Chomsky, Ira Katznelson, R. C. Lewontin, David Montgomery, Laura Nader, Richard Ohmann, Ray Siever, Immanuel Wallerstein, and Howard Zinn, 107–146. New York: New Press.
National Consensus Development Panel. 1998. “Effective Medical Treatment of Opiate Addiction.” Journal of the American Medical Association 280 (22): 1936–1943.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 2003. Chronic Hepatitis C: Current Disease Management. Bethesda, Md.: National Institutes of Health.
National Low Income Housing Coalition. 2006. Out of Reach 2006. www.nlihc.org/oor/oor2006/?CFID=21326798&CFTOKEN=73538490 (accessed December 5, 2007).
New York Times. 1983. June 2. “San Francisco Fire Raises Anxiety on Old Devices with PCBs,” B9.
———. 2003. January 22. Edmund Andrews, “Economic Equality Grew in 90’s Boom, Fed Reports,” C1, C7.
———. 2003. April 18. Erica Goode, “Certain Words Can Trip Up AIDS Grants.”
———. 2003. November 14. Fox Butterfield, “Study Calls California Parole System a $1 Billion Failure,” A24.
———. 2004. July 11. Mireya Navarro, “Experts in Sex Field Say Conservatives Interfere with
Health and Research,” A16.
———. 2005. November 18. Juan Forero, “Cocaine Prices Rise and Quality Declines, White House
Says,” A14.
———. 2006. October 15. Eduardo Porter, “After Years of Growth, What about Workers’ Share?” B3.
———. 2006. October 25. David Leonhardt, “Voters Weigh Plentiful Jobs vs. Scant Pay,” B1, B5.
———. 2006. December 11. Jennifer Steinhauer, “Bulging, Troubled Prisons Push California Officials to Seek a New Approach,” A18.
———. 2007. February 23. Randal Archibold, “ ‘Dumping’ of Homeless by Hospitals Stirs Debate,” A12.
———. 2008. February 4. Thom Shanker, “Proposed Military Spending Is Highest since WWII,” A10.
New York Times Magazine. 2003. August 3. Benoit Denizet-Lewis, “Double Lives on the Down Low.” http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE0D6IE3FF930A3575BC0A9659C8B63 (accessed September 17, 2008).
Okin, Robert L., Alicia Boccellari, Francisca Azocar, Martha Shumway, Kathy O’Brien, Alan Gelb, Michael Kohn, Phyillis Harding, and Christine Wachsmuth. 2000. “The Effects of Clinical Case Management on Hospital Service Use among ED Frequent Users.” American Journal of Emergency Medicine 18 (5): 603–608.
Orwell, George. [1937] 1972. The Road to Wigan Pier. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Padilla, Mark, Ernesto Vasquez del Aguila, and Richard Parker. 2006. “Globalization, Structural Violence, and LGBT Health: A Cross-Cultural Perspective.” In The Health of Sexual Minorities: Public Health Perspectives on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Populations, edited by Ilan H. Meyer and Mary E. Northridge, 209–241. New York: Springer.
Paras, Eric. 2006. Foucault 2.0: Beyond Power and Knowledge. New York: Other Press.
Parker, Andrew. 1993. “Unthinking Sex: Marx, Engels, and the Scene of Writing.” In Fear of a Queer Planet: Queer Politics and Social Theory, edited by Michael Warner, 19–41. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Parker, Karen F., and Matthew V. Pruitt. 2000. “Poverty, Poverty Concentration, and Homicide.” Social Science Quarterly 81 (2): 555–570.
Passaro, Joanne. 1996. The Unequal Homeless: Men on the Streets, Women in Their Place. New York: Routledge.
Pateman, Carole C. 1999. “What’s Wrong with Prostitution?” Women’s Studies Quarterly 27 (1–2): 53–64.
Patterson, Orlando. 1998. Rituals of Blood: Consequences of Slavery in Two American Centuries. Washington, D.C.: Civitas/CounterPoint.
Pearson, Charles, and Philippe Bourgois. 1995. “Hope to Die a Dope Fiend.” Cultural Anthropology 10 (4): 1–7.
Perneger, Thomas V., Francisco Giner, Miguel del Rio, and Annie Mino. 1998. “Randomised Trial of Heroin Maintenance Programme for Addicts Who Fail in Conventional Drug Treatments.” British Medical Journal 317:13–18.
Petersen, Alan. 1997. “Risk, Governance, and the New Public Health.” In Foucault, Health, and Medicine, edited by Alan Petersen and Robin Bunton, 188–206. London: Routledge.
Petryna, Adriana. 2002. Life Exposed: Biological Citizens after Chernobyl. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Pettit, Becky, and Bruce Western. 2004. “Mass Imprisonment and the Life Course: Race and Class Inequality in U.S. Incarceration.” American Sociological Review 69 (2): 151–169.
Pine, Adrienne. 2008. Working Hard, Drinking Hard: On Violence and Survival in Honduras. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Poole, Deborah. 2005. “An Excess of Description: Ethnography, Race, and Visual Technologies.” Annual Review of Anthropology 34:159–179.
Price, David H. 2004. Threatening Anthropology: McCarthyism and the FBI’s Surveillance of Activist Anthropologists. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
Public Safety Performance Project. 2008. One in 100: Behind Bars in America 2008. Pew Center on the States, Washington, D.C. www.pewcenteronthestates.org/report_detail.aspx?id=35904.
Quigley, John, Steven Raphael, Eugene Smolensky, Erin Mansur, and Larry A. Rosenthal. 2001. Homelessness in California. San Francisco: Public Policy Institute of California.
Reed, Deborah. 2004. “Recent Trends in Income and Poverty.” California Counts: Population Trends and Profiles 5 (3): 1–15.
Rhodes, Lorna A. 1990. “Studying Biomedicine as a Cultural System.” In Medical Anthropology: A Handbook of Theory and Method, edited by Thomas M. Johnson and Carolyn F. Sargent, 159–173. New York: Greenwood Press.
———. 1991. Emptying Beds: The Work of an Emergency Psychiatric Unit. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Rich, Josiah D., Brian P. Dickinson, John M. Carney, Alvan Fisher, and Robert Heimer. 1998. “Detection of HIV-1 Nucleic Acid and HIV-1 Antibodies in Needles and Syringes Used for Non-Intravenous Injection.” AIDS 12 (17): 2345–2350.
Richards, Eugene. 1994. Cocaine True, Cocaine Blue. New York: Aperture.
Riis, Jacob A. 1890. How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Rose, Lionel. 1988. “Rogues and Vagabonds”: Vagrant Underworld in Britain, 1815–1985. London: Routledge.
Rose, Nikolas. 1999. Powers of Freedom: Reframing Political Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rosenbaum, Marsha, Allyson Washburn, Kelly Knight, Margaret Kelley, and Jeanette Irwin. 1996. “Treatment as Harm Reduction, Defunding as Harm Maximization: The Case of Methadone Maintenance.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 28 (3): 241–249.
Roy, Élise, Éva Nonn, Nancy Haley, and Joseph Cox. 2007. “Hepatitis C Meanings and Preventive Strategies among Street-Involved Young Injection Drug Users in Montréal.” International Journal of Drug Policy 18 (5): 397–405.
Rubin, Gayle. 1984. “Thinking Sex: Notes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality.” In Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality, edited by Carole S. Vance, 267–319. Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Sahlins, Peter D. 1987. “America’s Permanent Housing Problem.” In Housing America’s Poor, edited by Peter D. Sahlins, 1–13. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Said, Edward. 1989. “Representing the Colonized: Anthropology’s Interlocutors.” Critical Inquiry 15 (2): 205–225.
Sandweiss, Martha. 2002. Print the Legend: Photography and the American West. New Haven: Yale University Press.
San Francisco Board of Supervisors. 2002. San Francisco Housing Databook. San Francisco: Bay Area Economics.
San Francisco Chronicle. 1983. May 16. Reginald Smith and Bill Soiffer, “Big PG&E Explosion; S.F. Highrise Shut,” A1, A18.
———. 1996. April 17. Glen Martin, “Judge Dismisses More than 39,000 Matrix Charges; S.F. Trying for ‘Kinder’ Action on Homeless,” A13.
———. 1997. November 8. Alex Barnum, “Police Chief Defends Helicopter Searches,” A15.
———. 1999. May 5. William C. Brady, “Less Care for Sick Poor,” A21.
———. 1999. September 21. John Wildermuth, “S.F. Voters Upset Most about the Homeless,” A1.
———. 2000. April 28. Jonathan Curiel, “Slice of Heaven: Former ‘Highrise from Hell’ Residents Open New Door,” A23.
———. 2003. October 30. Sabin Russell, “Controversial AIDS Grants under Review; Conservatives Accused of Providing ‘Hit List,’ ” A4.
———. 2004. March 21. Kevin Fagan, “Shame of the City: The Missing Homeless; Desperate Search for Bridget—Sister, Mother, Addict,” A1.
———. 2008. January 15. Cecilia M. Vega, “Guns, Crack Cocaine Fuel Homicides in S.F.; 98 Killings in 2007,” B1.
San Francisco Community Clinic Consortium. 2004. “Street Outreach Services (SOS).” http://sfccc.org/sos/ (accessed January 6, 2006).
San Francisco Examiner. 1997. March 26. Gregory Lewis and Zachary Coile, “Mayor: Lease Homeless Camps,” A1.
———. 1997. March 31. “Survey Results,” A5.
San Francisco Independent. 1997. October 21. Johnny Brannon, “Mayor Signals New Get-Tough Policy,” 1, 5.
Scheper-Hughes, Nancy. 1989. “Death without Weeping; Has Poverty Ravaged Mother Love in the Shantytowns of Brazil?” Natural History, 98 (10): 8–16.
———. 1992. Death without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil. Berkeley: University of California Press.
———. 1996. “Small Wars and Invisible Genocides.” Social Science and Medicine 43 (5): 889–900.
Scheper-Hughes, Nancy, and Philippe Bourgois. 2004. “Introduction: Making Sense of Violence.” In Violence in War and Peace: An Anthology, edited by Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Philippe Bourgois, 1–27. Oxford: Blackwell.
Schifter, Jacobo. 1999. Macho Love: Sex behind Bars in Central America. Binghamton, N.Y.: Haworth Hispanic/Latino Press.
Schonberg, Jeff, and Philippe Bourgois. 2002. “The Politics of Photographic Aesthetics: Critically Documenting the HIV Epidemic among Heroin Injectors in Russia and the United States.” International Journal of Drug Policy 13 (5): 387–392.
Seidman, Steven, ed. 1996. Queer Theory/Sociology. Oxford: Blackwell.
Sekula, Allan. 1989. “The Body and the Archive.” In The Contest of Meaning: Critical Histories of Photography, edited by Richard Bolton, 342–389. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Self, Robert O. 2003. “California’s Industrial Garden: Oakland and the East Bay in the Age of Deindustrialization.” In Beyond the Ruins: The Meanings of Deindustrialization, edited by Jefferson Cowie and Joseph Heathcott, 159–180. Ithaca, N.Y.: ILR Press.
———. 2005. American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Sentencing Project. 2006. “New Incarceration Figures: Growth in Population Continues.” www.sentencingproject.org/pdfs/1044.pdf (accessed March 13, 2008).
Shavelson, Lonny. 2001. Hooked: Five Addicts Challenge Our Misguided Drug Rehab System. New York: New Press.
Shumway, Martha, Alicia Boccellari, Kathy O’Brien, and Robert L. Okin. 2008. “Cost-Effectiveness of Clinical Case Management for ED Frequent Users: Results of a Randomized Trial?” American Journal of Emergency Medicine 26 (2): 155–164.
Snow, David, and Leon Anderson. 1993. Down on Their Luck: A Study of Homeless Street People. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Spargo, Tamsin. 1999. Foucault and Queer Theory (Postmodern Encounters). New York: Totem Books.
Stack, Carol B. 1974. All Our Kin: Strategies for Survival in a Black Community. New York: Harper and Row.
Stallybrass, Peter. 1990. “Marx and Heterogeneity: Thinking the Lumpenproletariat.” Representations 31:69–95.
Stallybrass, Peter, and Allon White. 1986. The Politics and Poetics of Transgression. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
State of California, Little Hoover Commission. 2003. Back to the Community: Safe & Sound Parole Policies. www.lhc.ca.gov/lhcdir/report172.html (accessed March 8, 2004).
Steinberg, Paul. 2000. Speak You Also: A Survivor’s Reckoning. Translated by Linda Coverdale. New York: Metropolitan Books/Henry Holt.
Sternlieb, George, and David Listokin. 1987. “A Review of National Housing Policy.” In Housing America’s Poor, edited by Peter D. Sahlins, 14–44. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Stevens, Evelyn P. 1973. “Marianismo: The Other Face of Machismo in Latin America.” In Female and Male in Latin America: Essays, edited by Ann Pescatello, 89–102. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Stocking, George W. 1992. The Ethnographer’s Magic and Other Essays in the History of Anthropology. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Stonington, Scott, and Seth M. Holmes, eds. 2006. “Social Medicine in the Twenty-First Century.” Special issue. PLoS Medicine 3 (10). http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-toc&issn=1549-1676&volume=3&issue=10 (accessed October 24, 2007).
Strathern, Marilyn. 2000. Audit Cultures: Anthropological Studies in Accountability, Ethics, and the Academy. New York: Routledge.
Substance Abuse Research Center. n.d. “Oral History Interviews with Substance Abuse Researchers.” University of Michigan. www.sitemaker.umich.edu/substance.abuse.history/oral_history
_interviews&mode=single&recordID=1894364&nextMode=list (accessed March 13, 2008).
Tabet, Paola. 1987. “Du don au tarif: Les relations sexuelles impliquant une compensation.” Les temps modernes 490: 1–53.
Tagg, John. 1988. The Burden of Representation: Essays on Photographies and Histories. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
Taussig, Michael. 1980. “Reification and the Consciousness of the Patient.” Social Science and Medicine 14B (1): 3–13.
———. 1984. “Culture of Terror–Space of Death: Roger Casement’s Putumayo Report and the Explanation of Torture.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 26 (3): 467–497.
———. 1992. The Nervous System. New York: Routledge.
Thompson, E. P. 1966. The Making of the English Working Class. New York: Vintage Books.
Thorne-Lyman, Abby, and Sarah Treuhaft. 2003. “Bay Area Neighborhood Commercial Districts: A Pilot Study.” www-iurd.ced.berkeley.edu/cci/publications/Abby-Thorne-Lyman-NH-Retail-Findings-Spring2003.pdf (accessed October 24, 2007).
Todd, Knox H., Christi Deaton, Anne P. D’Adamo, and Leon Goe. 2000. “Ethnicity and Analgesic Practice.” Annals of Emergency Medicine 35 (1): 11–16.
Trotz, Marc. 2005. “Direct Access to Housing: A Project of the San Francisco Department of Public Health.” National Alliance to End Homelessness. http://naeh.org/content/article/detail/1116 (accessed June 11, 2008).
Turner, William. 2000. A Genealogy of Queer Theory. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Tyndall, Mark W., Evan Wood, Ruth Zhang, Calvin Lai, Julio S. G. Montaner, and Thomas Kerr. 2006. “HIV Seroprevalence among Participants at a Supervised Injection Facility in Vancouver, Canada: Implications for Prevention, Care, and Treatment.” Harm Reduction Journal 3:36. doi:10.1186/1477–7517–3-36. www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/3/1/36 (accessed January 3, 2009).
Uchtenhagen, Ambros. 1997. Essais de prescription médicale de stupéfiants. Zürich: Institut für Suchtforschung, University of Zurich.
United Nations Development Programme. 2006. Human Development Report. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1991. 1990 Census of Population and Housing. www.census.gov/main/ www/cen1990.html (accessed January 19, 2007).
———. 2001. Money Income in the United States, 2000. Current Population Reports: Consumer Income, P60–213. By Carmen DeNavas-Walt, Robert W. Cleveland, and Marc I. Roemer. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/p60-213.pdf (accessed December 7, 2007).
———. 2002. 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/index.html (accessed December 7, 2007).
van den Brink, Wim, Vincent M. Hendriks, Peter Blanken, Maarten W. Koeter, Barbara J. van Zwieten, and Jan M. van Ree. 2003. “Medical Prescription of Heroin to Treatment Resistant Heroin Addicts: Two Randomised Controlled Trials.” British Medical Journal 327:310–315.
Vergara, Camilo. 1991a. “Lessons Learned, Lessons Forgotten: Rebuilding New York City’s Poor Communities.” The Livable City 15 (1): 3–9.
———. 1991b. “The View from the Shelters: New York’s New Ghettos.” The Nation 252 (23): 804–810.
———. n.d. Invincible Cities. Mid-Atlantic Regional Center for the Humanities at Rutgers-Camden. http://invinciblecities.camden.rutgers.edu/intro.html (accessed November 2, 2006).
Wacquant, Loïc. 1998. “Inside the Zone: The Social Art of the Hustler in the Black American Ghetto.” Theory, Culture, and Society 15:1–36.
———. 2001a. “Deadly Symbiosis: When Prison and Ghetto Meet and Mesh.” Punishment and Society 3 (1): 95–134.
———. 2001b. “The Penalisation of Poverty and the Rise of Neo-Liberalism.” European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 9:401–412.
———. 2005. “Habitus.” In International Encyclopedia of Economic Sociology, edited by Jens Beckert and Milan Zafirovski, 315–319. London: Routledge.
———. 2007. Deadly Symbiosis: Race and the Rise of Neoliberal Penalty. Cambridge: Polity Press.
———. 2009. Punishing the Poor: The Neoliberal Government of Social Inequality. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
Walker, David. 1990. “The Political Economy of the San Francisco Bay Area in the 1980s.” In Fire in the Hearth: The Radical Politics of Place in America, edited by Mike Davis, Steven Hiatt, Marie Kennedy, Susan Ruddick, and Michael Sprinker, 3–82. New York: Verso.
Walker, Kara. 2007–2008. “My Complement, My Enemy, My Oppressor, My Love.” Exhibit at the Whitney Museum of American Art. New York, October 11, 2007–February 3, 2008. www.whitney.org/www/exhibition/kara_walker/index.html (accessed February 9, 2008).
Wallace, Michele. 1979. Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman. London: John Calder.
Wallace, Rodrick. 1990. “Urban Desertification, Public Health, and Public Disorder. ‘Planned Shrinkage,’ Violent Death, Substance Abuse and AIDS in the Bronx.” Social Science and Medicine 31 (7): 801–813.
Wardlow, Holly. 2004. “Anger, Economy, and Female Agency: Problematizing ‘Prostitution’ and ‘Sex Work’ among the Huli of Papua New Guinea.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 29 (4): 1017–1040.
Willis, Paul. 1981. Learning to Labor: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs. New York: Columbia University Press.
Wlodarczyk, Dan, and Margaret Wheeler. 2006. “The Home Visit/Mobile Outreach.” In Medical Management of Vulnerable and Underserved Patients: Principles, Practice and Populations, edited by Talmadge E. King Jr., Margaret B. Wheeler, Andrew B. Bindman, Alicia Fernandez, Kevin Grumbach, Dean Schillinger, and Teresa Villela, 111–120. London: McGraw-Hill Medical.
Wojcicki, Janet Maia. 2002. “Commercial Sex Work or Ukuphanda? Sex-for-Money Exchange in Soweto and Hammanskraal Area, South Africa.” Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 26 (3): 339–370.
Wolf, Eric R. 1982. Europe and the People without History. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Wolf, Eric R., and Joseph Jorgensen. 1970. “Anthropology on the Warpath in Thailand.” New York Review of Books 15, no. 9, 26–35. November 19.
Wollstonecraft, Mary. 1790. A Vindication of the Rights of Men, in a Letter to the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, occasioned by his Reflections on the Revolution in France. London: J. Johnson. http://oll.libertyfund.org/title/991 (accessed June 19, 2008).
Wooden, Wayne S., and Jay Parker. 1982. Men behind Bars: Sexual Exploitation in Prison. New York: Plenum Press.
Wright, Erik Olin. 2004. “Patterns of Job Expansion in Developed Capitalist Economies: Some Preliminary Descriptive Results.” Paper presented at Network on the Effects of Inequality on Economic Performance, October 8, Cambridge, Mass.
Zelizer, Viviana A. Rotman. 2005. The Purchase of Intimacy. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.