Two

0.     Walter Isaacson, Steve Jobs (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011), 408.

0.     Clarence Polke, “FCC Approves Proposal to Boost TV Set-Top Box Competition,” Reuters, February 18, 2016, http://www.reuters.com/article/us-fcc-tv-regulations-idUSKCN0VR0GU (accessed April 30, 2016).

0.     Although Apple TV is certainly the sexiest streaming device available on the market today, it has actually only captured 20 percent of the market share, tied with another fierce up-and-comer, Roku (founded by Silicon Valley whiz kid Anthony Wood). The Amazon Fire TV Stick comes in at 16 percent market share ahead of a handful of other independent makers, but the real winner is the cheap and more compact Google Chromecast, which has rocketed ahead in recent quarters. As of January 2016, Chromecast has about 35 percent of streaming peripheral market. This has other makers running scared, to the point that Roku’s Wood is even lobbying alongside Comcast to prevent the FCC from cracking set-top boxes in the hopes that Google’s superior software bring-to-market won’t shut out hardware standalones like the Roku and Apple TV completely. See Nicole Arce, “Chromecast Tops Apple TV, Fire TV and Roku as Bestselling Media Streaming Device,” Tech Times, December 1, 2015, http://www.techtimes.com/articles/112147/20151201/chromecast-tops-apple-tv-fire-tv-and-roku-as-bestselling-media-streaming-device.htm (accessed April 30, 2016); cf. Anthony Wood, “How the FCC’s ‘Set-Top Box’ Rule Hurts Consumers: Cable Already Has Steady Competition. Opening the Box Will Only Raise Costs and Reduce Innovation,” editorial, Wall Street Journal, April 21, 2016, http://www.wsj.com/articles/how-the-fccs-set-top-box-rule-hurts-consumers-1461279906 (accessed April 30, 2016).

0.     Jon Fingas, “Apple’s OS X Beta Testing Is Now Open to the Public,” Endgadget, April 22, 2014, http://www.engadget.com/2014/04/22/os-x-beta-seed-program/(accessed April 29, 2016).

0.     Apple’s Beta Seed program continues to this day. To get in on the action, register your iDevice at https://beta.apple.com/sp/betaprogram/.

0.     “iTunes Store Sets New Record with 25 Billion Songs Sold,” Apple Press Info, February 6, 2013, https://www.apple.com/pr/library/2013/02/06iTunes-Store-Sets-New-Record-with-25-Billion-Songs-Sold.html (accessed April 28, 2016).

0.     Conor Dougherty, “Cities to Untangle Traffic Snarls, with Help from Alphabet Unit,” New York Times, March 17, 2016, http://nyti.ms/22pxs2d (accessed April 28, 2016).

0.     US Department of Transportation, “US DOT Announces Seven Finalist Cities for Smart City Challenge,” https://www.transportation.gov/smartcity (accessed April 28, 2016).

0.     Steve Lohr, “Can Apple Find More Hits without Its Tastemaker?” New York Times, January 18, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/19/technology/companies/19innovate.html?_r=0 (accessed April 30, 2016).

0.   Matt Ballantine, https://www.linkedin.com/today/author/0_0FR96GIeFrgLSVm8Jsjfb9 (accessed November 18, 2015).

0.   See Joseph L. Bower and Clayton Christensen, “Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave,” Harvard Business Review 73, no. 1 (January–February 1995); cf. Clayton Christensen, The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business Review Press, 2013).

0.   Clayton Christensen, Michael E. Raynor, and Rory McDonald, “What Is Disruptive Innovation?” Harvard Business Review, December 2015, https://hbr.org/2015/12/what-is-disruptive-innovation (accessed April 30, 2016).

0.   Karen Blumenthal, Steve Jobs: The Man Who Thought Different (New York: Bloomsbury, 2012), 236.

0.   Kevin C. Tofel, “BYOD Didn’t Kill Cisco’s Tablet; It Was a Doomed Idea,” Gigaom, May 25, 2012, https://gigaom.com/2012/05/25/byod-didnt-kill-cicsos-tablet-it-was-a-doomed-idea/ (accessed April 30, 2016).

0.   Eric Wesoff, “Flextronics Buys Nextracker for $330 Million,” Greentech Media, September 8, 2015, http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/Flextronics-Buys-NEXTracker-For-330-Million (accessed May 5, 2016).

0.   Rachel Brown, “Nordstrom Touts Merch with Pinterest,” Women’s Wear Daily, July 2, 2013, https://pmcwwd.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/wwd0702web.pdf

0.   Arvind Gupta, “Adaptive Innovation: Create, Learn, Repeat,” Rotman Magazine, University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management (Jan 23, 2013). https://designthinking.ideo.com/?p=917

0.   “G’Five Launches ‘Made in Pakistan’ Phones; G’Five Starts Assembling Line for Mobile Phones in Pakistan,” NetMag Pakistan, March 15, 2016, http://netmag.com.pk/2016/03/15/made-in-pakistan-phones-by-gfive/ (accessed May 1, 2016).

0.   Bruce Hoffmeister, interview by Steven Norton, May 27, 2016. http://www.wsj.com/articles/marriotts-cio-says-mobile-apps-are-changing-the-guest-experience-1464660061

0.   Stan Phelps, “Adidas Reinforces a New Culture of Innovation with the Introduction of Avenue A,” Forbes, February 10, 2016, http://www.forbes.com/sites/stanphelps/2016/02/10/adidas-reinforces-a-new-culture-of-innovation-with-the-introduction-of-avenue-a/#c784e117b43b (accessed April 28, 2016).

0.   Ibid.

0.   For tips on nailing your next VC pitch and possibly avoiding PowerPoint–induced Ménière’s disease, see “The 10/20/30 Rule of Powerpoint,” guykawasaki.com, December 30, 2005, http://guykawasaki.com/the_102030_rule/ (accessed May 5, 2016).

0.   Jeremy Jackson, “Rapid Prototyping: The Wright Way to Fail,” Method 10x10, May 2011, http://method.com/ideas/10x10/rapid-prototyping-the-wright-way-to-fail (accessed May 5, 2016).

0.   Peter F. Drucker, Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices (New York: Harper & Row, 1974), 61.

0.   Michael Hinshaw and Bruce Kasanoff, Smart Customers, Stupid Companies: Why Only Intelligent Companies Will Thrive, and How to Be One of Them (New York: Business Strategy Press, 2012).