Cython is both an optimizing static compiler and the name of a programming language that is a superset of Python. As a compiler, it can perform source-to-source compilation of native Python code and its Cython dialect to Python C extensions using Python/C API. It allows you to combine the power of Python and C without the need to manually deal with Python/C API.
Let's discuss Cython as a source-to-source compiler in the next section.