CANTO XVI

               If here below, where sentiment is far   

                       too weak to withstand error, I should see

                       men glorying in you, nobility

4             of blood—a meager thing!—I should not wonder,

                       for even where desire is not awry,

                       I mean in Heaven, I too felt such pride.

7             You are indeed a cloak that soon wears out,   

                       so that if, day by day, we add no patch,

                       then circling time will trim you with its shears.   

10           My speech began again with you, the word   

                       that Rome was the first city to allow,   

                       although her people seldom speak it now;   

13           at this word, Beatrice, somewhat apart,   

                       smiling, seemed like the woman who had coughed

                       so goes the tale—at Guinevere’s first fault.

16           So did my speech begin: “You are my father;   

                       you hearten me to speak with confidence;

                       you raise me so that I am more than I.

19           So many streams have filled my mind with gladness

                       so many, and such gladness, that mind must

                       rejoice that it can bear this and not burst.

22           Then tell me, founder of my family,

                       who were your ancestors and, in your boyhood,

                       what were the years the records registered;

25           and tell me of the sheepfold of St. John—   

                       how numerous it was, who in that flock

                       were worthy of the highest offices.”

28           As at the breathing of the winds, a coal   

                       will quicken into flame, so I saw that

                       light glow at words that were affectionate;

31           and as, before my eyes, it grew more fair,

                       so, with a voice more gentle and more sweet

                       not in our modern speech—it said to me:   

34           “Down from that day when Ave was pronounced,   

                       until my mother (blessed now), by giving

                       birth, eased the burden borne in bearing me,

37           this fire of Mars had come five-hundred-fifty

                       and thirty more times to its Lion—there

                       to be rekindled underneath its paw.

40           My ancestors and I were born just where   

                       the runner in your yearly games first comes

                       upon the boundary of the final ward.

43           That is enough concerning my forebears:

                       what were their names, from where they came—of that,

                       silence, not speech, is more appropriate.

46           All those who, at that time, between the Baptist   

                       and Mars, were capable of bearing arms,

                       numbered one fifth of those who live there now.

49           But then the citizens, now mixed with Campi,   

                       with the Certaldo, and with the Figline,

                       were pure down to the humblest artisan.

52           Oh, it would be far better if you had

                       those whom I mention as your neighbors (and

                       your boundaries at Galuzzo and Trespiano),   

55           than to have them within, to bear the stench

                       of Aguglione’s wretch and Signa’s wretch,   

                       whose sharp eyes now on barratry are set.

58           If those who, in the world, go most astray   

                       had not seen Caesar with stepmothers’ eyes,

                       but, like a mother to her son, been kind,

61           then one who has become a Florentine

                       trader and money changer would have stayed

                       in Semifonte, where his fathers peddled,   

64           the Counts would still be lords of Montemurlo,

                       the Cerchi would be in Acone’s parish,

                       perhaps the Buondelmonti in Valdigreve.

67           The mingling of the populations led

                       to evil in the city, even as

                       food piled on food destroys the body’s health;

70           the blind bull falls more quickly, more headlong,   

                       than does the blind lamb; and the one blade can

                       often cut more and better than five swords.

73           Consider Luni, Urbisaglia, how   

                       they went to ruin (Sinigaglia follows,

                       and Chiusi, too, will soon have vanished); then,

76           if you should hear of families undone,

                       you will find nothing strange or difficult

                       in that—since even cities meet their end.

79           All things that you possess, possess their death,

                       just as you do; but in some things that last

                       long, death can hide from you whose lives are short.

82           And even as the heaven of the moon,   

                       revolving, respiteless, conceals and then

                       reveals the shores, so Fortune does with Florence;

85           therefore, there is no cause for wonder in

                       what I shall tell of noble Florentines,

                       of those whose reputations time has hidden.

88           I saw the Ughi, saw the Catellini,   

                       Filippi, Greci, Ormanni, Alberichi,

                       famed citizens already in decline,

91           and saw, as great as they were venerable,

                       dell’Arca with della Sannella, and

                       Ardinghi, Soldanieri, and Bostichi.

94           Nearby the gate that now is burdened with   

                       new treachery that weighs so heavily

                       that it will bring the vessel to shipwreck,

97           there were the Ravignani, from whose line

                       Count Guido comes and all who—since—derive

                       their name from the illustrious Bellincione.

100         And della Pressa knew already how   

                       to rule; and Galigaio, in his house,

                       already had the gilded hilt and pommel.

103         The stripe of Vair had mightiness already,   

                       as did the Giuochi, Galli, and Barucci,

                       Fifanti, and Sacchetti, and those who   

106         blush for the bushel; and the stock from which

                       spring the Calfucci was already mighty,

                       and Sizzi and Arrigucci were already

109         raised to high office. Oh, how great were those   

                       I saw—whom pride laid low! And the gold balls,

                       in all of her great actions, flowered Florence.

112         Such were the ancestors of those who now,   

                       whenever bishops’ sees are vacant, grow

                       fat as they sit in church consistories.

115         The breed—so arrogant and dragonlike   

                       in chasing him who flees, but lamblike, meek

                       to him who shows his teeth or else his purse

118         was on the rise already, but of stock

                       so mean that Ubertin Donato, when

                       his father-in-law made him kin to them,

121         was scarcely pleased. Already Caponsacco   

                       had come from Fiesole down to the market;

                       already citizens of note were Giuda

124         and Infangato. I shall tell a thing

                       incredible and true: the gateway through   

                       the inner walls was named for the della Pera.

127         All those whose arms bear part of the fair ensign   

                       of the great baron—he whose memory

                       and worth are honored on the feast of Thomas

130         received knighthood and privilege from him,

                       though he whose coat of arms has fringed that ensign

                       has taken sides now with the populace.

133         The Gualterotti and the Importuni   

                       were there already; were the Borgo spared

                       new neighbors, it would still be tranquil there.

136         The house of Amidei, with which your sorrows

                       began—by reason of its just resentment,

                       which ruined you and ended years of gladness

139         was honored then, as were its close companions.

                       O Buondelmonte, through another’s counsel,   

                       you fled your wedding pledge, and brought such evil!

142         Many would now rejoice, who still lament,

                       if when you first approached the city, God

                       had given you unto the river Ema!

145         But Florence, in her final peace, was fated   

                       to offer up—unto that mutilated

                       stone guardian upon her bridge—a victim.

148         These were the families, and others with them:

                       the Florence that I saw—in such repose

                       that there was nothing to have caused her sorrow.

151         These were the families: with them I saw

                       her people so acclaimed and just, that on   

                       her staff the lily never was reversed,

154         nor was it made bloodred by factious hatred.”