1. John Blofeld, The Zen Teaching of Huang Po: On the Transmission of Mind (New York: Grove Press, 1958), p. 41.
1. Paul Reps, Zen Flesh, Zen Bones (New York: Anchor Books, 1961), p. 5.
2. See Adam Phillips, Terrors and Experts (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996), p. 102.
3. Adam Phillips, “Freud and the Uses of Forgetting,” in On Flirtation: Psychoanalytic Essays on the Uncommitted Life (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1994), p. 31.
1. I have used this story, in a slightly different context, in an article entitled, “Opening Up to Happiness,” in Psychology Today 28, no. 4 (July/August 1995): pp. 42–47.
2. Lucien Stryck, World of the Buddha (New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1968), pp. 173–74.
3. D. W. Winnicott, Playing and Reality (London and New York: Routledge, 1971), p. 55.
4. For theoretical discussions of this kind of experience in therapy, see D. W. Winnicott, “Fear of Breakdown,” International Review of Psycho-Analysis 1 (1974), and Emmanuel Ghent, “Masochism, Submission, Surrender: Masochism as a Perversion of Surrender,” Contemporary Psychoanalysis 26:1 (1990): 108–36. Thanks also to Emmanuel Ghent for the suggestion that the fear of breakdown also hides a wish to reexperience that breakdown for the sake of wholeness.
5. I have used this story also in several other contexts, in “Opening Up to Happiness,” Psychology Today 28, no. 4 (July/August 1995): pp. 42–47, and in “Shattering the Ridgepole,” Tricycle: The Buddhist Review 4, no. 3 (Spring 1995): pp. 66–70.
6. Joseph Goldstein, Transforming the Mind, Healing the World (New York and Mahwah, N.J.: Paulist Press, 1994), pp. 21–23.
7. I have used this vignette in an article entitled “The Silent Treatment,” first published in TimeOut New York, no. 37 (June 5–12, 1996): pp. 16–18.
1. Sigmund Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents, in vol. 21 of Standard Edition of the Complete Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. and trans. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1961), p. 72.
2. See J. Allison, “Adaptive Regression and Intense Religious Experience,” Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 145 (1968): 452–63.
3. Ken Wilber, “The Pre/trans Fallacy,” ReVision 3 (1980): 58.
4. Tenzin Gyatso, Kindness, Clarity, and Insight (Ithaca, N.Y.: Snow Lion, 1984), p. 70.
5. Wallace Stevens, The Collected Poems of Wallace Stevens (New York: Vintage Books, 1990), p. 93.
6. D. W. Winnicott, “Communicating and Not Communicating Leading to a Study of Certain Opposites,” in The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment (New York: International Universities Press, 1965), pp. 185–86.
7. D. W. Winnicott, “Ego Integration in Child Development” (1962), in The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment, p. 61.
8. Ibid, pp. 59–60.
9. D. W. Winnicott, “The Capacity to Be Alone” (1958), in The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment, p. 31.
10. See Adam Phillips, Winnicott (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1988), pp. 79–82, and Michael Eigen, The Psychotic Core (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 1986), pp. 331–48 for comprehensive discussions of unintegration.
11. D. W. Winnicott, “Primitive Emotional Development,” in Through Paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis: Collected Papers (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1958, 1992), p. 150.
12. See D. W. Winnicott, Playing and Reality (London and New York: Routledge, 1971), pp. 79–85.
13. D. W. Winnicott, “Primitive Emotional Development,” in Through Paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis: Collected Papers, p. 150.
1. Paul Goodman, Five Years: Thoughts During a Useless Time (New York: Vintage Books, 1966), p. 88.
2. Bhikku Nanamoli and Bhikkhu Bodhi, The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1995), p. 711.
3. Sigmund Freud, “Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety,” in vol. 20 of Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. and trans. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1959), p. 122.
4. Ibid, p. 121.
5. Ibid, p. 122.
6. Sigmund Freud, “On Transience,” in vol. 14 of Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. and trans. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1957), p. 305.
7. Ibid, pp. 305–6.
8. Philip Kapleau, The Three Pillars of Zen (New York, 1966), pp. 297–98, translating from Dogen’s Shobogenzo.
9. Heinrich Dumoulin, Zen Buddhism: A History, Volume 1: India and China (New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1988), p. 163.
10. In Paul Foster, Beckett and Zen: A Study of Dilemma in the Novels of Samuel Beckett (London: Wisdom Publications, 1989), p. 93.
1. Michael Eigen, The Psychotic Core (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, Inc., 1986), p. 363.
2. Michael Eigen, “Dual Union or Undifferentiation?” in The Electrified Tightrope, ed. Adam Phillips (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 1993), p. 171.
3. Stephen Batchelor, Alone with Others: An Existential Approach to Buddhism (New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1983), p. 59.
1. For more on this, see the discussions of Winnicott’s notion of “object usage” in Michael Eigen, “The Area of Faith in Winnicott, Lacan, and Bion,” in The Electrified Tightrope, ed. Adam Phillips (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 1993), pp. 109–138, and in Emmanuel Ghent, “Masochism, Submission, Surrender: Masochism as a Perversion of Surrender,” Contemporary Psychoanalysis 26: 1(1990): 108–36.
2. Gregory Bateson, as quoted in Stephen Nachmanovitch, Free Play: Improvisation in Life and Art (Los Angeles: Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc., 1990), p. 94.
3. Jack Kornfield with Gil Fronsdal, Teachings of the Buddha (Boston and London: Shambhala, 1993), p. 85.
4. See in particular D. W. Winnicott, “Mind and Its Relation to the Psyche-Soma,” in Through Paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1992), p. 244.
5. For a more extensive discussion of Winnicott’s contributions, see Michael Eigen, “The Area of Freedom: The Point of No Compromise,” in Psychic Deadness (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 1996), pp. 69–88, and Adam Phillips, “Minds,” in his Terrors and Experts (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996), pp. 93–104.
6. Winnicott, “Mind and Its Relation to the Psyche-Soma,” in Through Paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis, p. 245.
1. D. W. Winnicott, “Playing: A Theoretical Statement,” in Playing and Reality (London and New York: Routledge, 1971), p. 38.
2. Michael Eigen, “Disaster Anxiety,” in Psychic Deadness (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 1996), pp. 187–200.
3. See Stephen Batchelor, Buddhism Without Beliefs: A Contemporary Guide to Awakening (New York: Riverhead Books, 1997), p. 105, and also his The Faith to Doubt: Glimpses of Buddhist Uncertainty (Berkeley, Calif.: Parallax Press, 1990).
4. See Miranda Shaw’s Passionate Enlightenment (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1994), p. 22.
1. Roland Barthes, A Lover’s Discourse: Fragments (New York: Hill and Wang, 1978), p. 137.
2. Robert A. F. Thurman, “Mandala: The Architecture of Enlightenment,” in Mandala: The Architecture of Enlightenment, eds. Denise P. Leidy and Robert A. F. Thurman (Boston: Shambhala, 1997), p. 127.
3. Christopher Bollas, The Shadow of the Object: Psychoanalysis of the Unthought Known (New York: Columbia University Press, 1987), p. 31.
4. See for instance, Jeffrey Hopkins, Tibetan Arts of Love: Sex, Orgasm and Spiritual Healing (Ithaca, N.Y.: Snow Lion, 1992), and Miranda Shaw, Passionate Enlightenment (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1994).
5. Miranda Shaw, Passionate Enlightenment, p. 163.
6. Ibid, p. 158.
7. See Richard Jay Kohn, “The Goddess Who Stands at the Door: Sorceresses and Other Liminal Figures in Tibetan Iconography,” presented in “Politics and Religion in Nepal and Tibet,” American Academy of Religion, San Francisco, November 22, 1992.
8. Otto Kernberg, Love Relations: Normality and Pathology (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1995), p. 61.
9. Ibid, p. 57.
10. Ibid, p. 44.
11. Michael Vincent Miller, Intimate Terrorism: The Deterioration of Erotic Life (New York and London: W. W. Norton, 1995), p. 229.
12. See Stephen A. Mitchell, “Psychoanalysis and the Degradation of Romance,” Psychoanalytic Dialogues 7, no. 1 (1997): 23–42.
1. See E. A. Burtt, ed., The Teachings of the Compassionate Buddha (New York: Mentor Books, 1955), pp. 98–100.
2. From the Majjhima Nikaya, trans. Nyanatiloka, The Word of the Buddha (Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1971).
3. See Herbert Benson, John Lehmann, Mahendra Malhotra, Ralph Goldman, Jeffrey Hopkins, and Mark Epstein, “Body Temperature Changes During the Practice of gTum-mo Yoga,” Nature 295 (1982): 234–6.
4. For more extensive discussions of these practices, see the reports of our translator on this research expedition, Jeffrey Hopkins in his Tibetan Arts of Love: Sex, Orgasm and Spiritual Healing (Ithaca, N.Y.: Snow Lion, 1992), pp. 95–120, and his Sex, Orgasm, and the Mind of Clear Light: The Sixty-Four Arts of Gay Male Love (Berkeley, Calif.: North Atlantic Press, 1998).
See also Tenzin Gyatso, the Dalai Lama, and Jeffrey Hopkins, Kalachakra Tantra Rite of Initiation (London: Wisdom Publications, 1985), pp. 15–18.
5. Heinz Pagels, The Cosmic Code (New York: Bantam Books, 1983).
6. See Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche, Rainbow Painting (Boudhanath and Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 1995).
7. See Jeffrey Hopkins, Sex, Orgasm, and the Mind of Clear Light: The Sixty-Four Arts of Gay Male Love (Berkeley, Calif.: North Atlantic Press, 1998).
8. See Joseph Goldstein and Jack Kornfield, Seeking the Heart of Wisdom: The Path of Insight Meditation (Boston and London: Shambhala, 1987), pp. 168–69.