Bibliography

Contents

Introduction

Some publications seem to fit more than one category in a bibliography, but no publication can be listed twice. The author has to make a decision to assign each publication to just one category, in spite of some ambiguous cases. It is suggested that readers investigate different but related categories for the listing of a publication they might be looking for.

Although this bibliography is comprehensive, it is not exhaustive. Many popular general publications on Zen Buddhism that do not have the substantial content on Chan or Chinese Zen are not included, such as those on psychotherapy or spirituality and Zen, even though they may offer inspiration for the study of Chan Buddhism in general. The bibliography provides ample coverage to recent books and articles on Chan Buddhism, while also including the earlier publications of long-lasting scholarship on Chan Buddhism. A distinctive feature of this bibliography is the inclusion of various Chinese and Japanese publications on Chan Buddhism, including the English translation of the original titles of these books and articles. It intends to introduce the recent emergence of new scholarly works on Chan Buddhism in China to the West, and include some foundational and widely utilized works by Japanese scholars. There are countless books and articles on Chan Buddhism in China and Japan. Those included in this bibliography are only a small corner of the entire repertoire. In a global age, more and more people are learning Chinese and Japanese, especially the new generations. Information in the Chinese and Japanese languages is increasingly translatable with digital tools. The compilation of this bibliography corresponds to the growing interest and multilingual capability of our time without intending to intimidate users.

A more general dictionary of Buddhism will be a useful supplement to this more specific dictionary of Chan Buddhism, since this medium size dictionary cannot include all background information and knowledge of Buddhism upon which the study of Chan Buddhism relies. English-reading beginners may use such additional tools as Irons’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism, Keown’s A Dictionary of Buddhism, Olson’s Historical Dictionary of Buddhism, and the more comprehensive Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. For the supplementary survey and history of Chan Buddhism, readers may consult Hershock’s Chan Buddhism, the new edition of Dumoulin’s Zen Buddhism: A History (volume 1), and McRae’s Seeing through Zen. To read selected Chan texts, beginners may start with Yampolsky’s translation The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch, Sasaki’s The Record of Linji (in Kirchner’s new edition), and Broughton and Watanabe’s The Chan Whip Anthology. They are influential texts representative of the early, classical, and mature stages of Chan Buddhism. All of these translations are excellent, with helpful introductions and annotations to the texts. For those searching for the philosophical insight of Chan Buddhism, Wright’s clear analysis and updated discussion in his Philosophical Meditations on Zen Buddhism would serve their purpose very well.

There are three types of publication that may meet some readers’ initial interest in Chan language, literary genre, and art. One is the historical survey or introduction, such as Yanagida’s “The ‘Recorded Sayings’ Texts of Chinese Ch’an Buddhism,” and Foulk’s “Form and Function of Koan Literature: A Historical Overview.” The second type is represented by the study of language and literary genres with regard to a specific text, such as Heine’s Chan Rhetoric of Uncertainty in the Blue Cliff Record and Poceski’s The Records of Mazu and the Making of Classical Chan Literature. The third type is the anthology, or collection of works, such as Egan’s Clouds Thick, Whereabouts Unknown: Poems by Zen Monks of China, and the Chan section in Karetsky’s Chinese Buddhist Art. For the study of different Chan schools and individual figures, readers may start with McRae’s The Northern School and the Formation of Early Ch’an Buddhism, Jia’s The Hongzhou School of Chan Buddhism in Eighth- through Tenth-Century China, and Gregory’s Tsung-mi and the Sinification of Buddhism. These works demonstrate the achievements of contemporary scholarship and are accessible to a variety of readers. Foulk’s “Myth, Ritual, and Monastic Practice in Sung Ch’an Buddhism” is a classic for the study of Chan institutional practice. Those who are interested in social-political, cultural, and gender studies would benefit greatly from works such as Faure’s The Rhetoric of Immediacy: A Cultural Critique of Ch’an/Zen Buddhism, Welter’s Monks, Rulers, and Literati: The Political Ascendancy of Chan Buddhism, and Schireson’s Zen Women: Beyond Tea Ladies, Iron Maidens, and Macho Masters.

Reference Works

App, Urs. Concordance to the “Preface” by Zongmi. Hanazono Concordance Series 11. Kyoto: International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism, Hanazono University, 1996.

App, Urs. Concordance to the Record of Linji (Rinzai). Kyoto: International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism, Hanazono Unversity, 1993.

App, Urs. Concordance to the Record of Yunmen. Hanazono Concordance Series 15. Kyoto: International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism, Hanazono Unversity, 1996.

App, Urs. “Reference Works for Ch’an Research.” Cahiers d’Extrême-Asie 7 (1994): 357–409.

Baroni, Helen J. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Zen Buddhism. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2002.

Buswell, Robert E., Jr., ed. Encyclopedia of Buddhism. 2 vols. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004.

Buswell, Robert E., Jr., and Donald S. Lopez Jr., eds. The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2014.

Chan Zang 禪藏 (The Chan Canon). Edited by the Foguang Dazang Jing Bianxiu Weiyuanhui 佛光大藏經編修委員會. 51 vols. Taibei: Foguang Publishers, 1994 (electronic version published in 2005).

Ciyi 慈怡, ed. Foguang Dacidian 佛光大辭典 (Great Dictionary of Buddhist Light). 8 vols. Gaoxiong: Foguang Chubanshe, 1988.

Demiéville, Paul, et al., eds. Hōbōgirin 法寶義林: Dictionnaire encyclopédique du bouddhisme d’après les sources chinoises et japonaises (The Grove of the Meanings of Dharma Treasure: Encyclopedic Dictionary of Buddhism from the Chinese and Japanese Sources). 8 vols. Paris: Adrien Maisonneuve, 1929–1994.

Fischer-Schreiber, Ingrid, Franz-Karl Ehrhard, and Michael S. Diener. The Shambhala Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen. Translated by Michael H. Cohn. Boston: Shambhala, 1991.

Gardner, James L., ed. Zen Buddhism: A Classified Bibliography of Western-Language Publications through 1990. Salt Lake City, UT: Wings of Fire Press, 1991.

Inagaki, Hisao. A Glossary of Zen Terms. Kyoto: Nagata Bunshodo, 1991.

Iriya Yoshitaka 入矢義高, supervising ed., and Koga Hidehiko 古賀英彥, comp. Zengo jiten 禪語辞典 (Dictionary of Chan Terms). Kyōto: Shibunkaku shuppan, 1991.

Irons, Edward A., ed. Encyclopedia of Buddhism. New York: Facts on File, 2008.

Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. “Jūichishu Sōdai Zenmon zuihitsushū jinmyō sakuin (1)–(2) 十一種宋代禅門隨筆集人名索引 (上)(下) [Index of People’s Names from Eleven Collections of Chan Prosaic Works of the Song Dynasty].” Komazawa daigak Bukkyō gakubu kenkyū kiyo 駒沢大學仏教學部研究紀要 42 and 43 (1984 and 1985): 126–75 and 253–92.

Kamata Shigeo 鎌田茂雄, ed. Chūgoku bukkyō jiten 中國仏教辭典 (Dictionary of Chinese Buddhism). Tokyo: Dō shuppan, 1981.

Keown, Damien. A Dictionary of Buddhism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Komazawa daigaku toshokan 駒沢大學図書館, ed. Shinsan zenseki mokuroku 新纂禅籍目錄 (A New Bibliography of Chan Texts). Tokyo: Komazawa daigaku toshokan, 1962.

Lai Yonghai 賴永海, ed. Zhongguo Fojiao Baike Quanshu 中國佛教百科全書 (Encyclopedia of Chinese Buddhism). 11 vols. Shanghai: Shanghai Guji Chubanshe, 2000.

Master Mingsheng 明生法師, ed. Liuzu Huineng Yu Tanjing Lunzhu Mulu Jicheng 六祖慧能與《壇經》論著目錄集成 (Collected Catalogs of Published Works on the Sixth Patriarch Huineng and the Platform Sūtra). Taibei: Wanjuanlou Tushu Gongsi, 2014.

Mingfu 明復. Zhongguo Foxue Renming Cidian 中國佛學人名辭典 (Dictionary of Names in Chinese Buddhism). Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1988.

Mochizuki Shikō 望月信亨. Bukkyō daijiten 仏教大辞典 (Great Dictionary of Buddhism). 10 vols. Tokyo: Sekai seiten kankō kyōkai, 1933–1936.

Muller, A. Charles, ed. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism. www.buddhism-dict.net/ddb. [Accessed 30 November 2015].

Nakamura Hajime 中村元. Bukkyōgo daijiten 仏教語大辞典 (Great Dictionary of Buddhist Terms). Tokyo: Tokyo shoseki, 1981.

Olson, Carl. Historical Dictionary of Buddhism. New edi. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements Series. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2009.

Ren Jiyu 任繼愈, ed. in chief. Fojiao Dacidian 佛教大辭典 (Great Dictionary of Buddhism). Nanjing: Jiangsu Guji Chubanshe, 2002.

Shinpan Zengaku daijiten 新版禪學大辞典 (The New Edition of the Great Dictionary of Zen Studies). Komazawa University Zengaku Daijiten Hensanjo. Tokyo: Taishukan Shoten, 2000.

Sōshi Kaku’ichi 莊司格一, ed. Jingde Chuandeng Lu Guyou Mingci Suoyin 景德傳燈錄固有名詞索引 (Index of the Proper Nouns from the Jingde Records of the Transmission of the Lamp). Taipei: Dahua Shuju 大化書局, 1988.

Suzuki Tetsuo 鈴木哲雄. Chūgoku zenshū jinmei sakuin 中國褝宗人名索引 (Index of People’s Names in the Chinese Chan School). Nagoya: Kikōdō, 1975.

Tagami Taishū 田上太秀 and Ishii Shūdo 石井修道, eds. Zen no shisō jiten 禅の思想辞典 (Dictionary of Zen Thought). Tokyo: Tokyo Shoseki, 2008.

Wu Rujun 吳汝鈞. Fojiao Sixiang Dacidian 佛教思想大辭典 (A Great Dictionary of Buddhist Thought). Taibei: Taiwan Shangwu Yinshu Guan, 1992.

Xu Ziqiang 徐自強, ed. Zhongguo Lidai Chanshi Zhuanji Ziliao Huibian Zongmu 中國歷代禪師傳記資料彙編總目 (Bibliography of Biographical Sources of Chinese Chan Masters throughout generations). 3 vols. Beijing: Quanguo Tushuguan Wenxian Suowei Fuzhi Zhongxin, 1994.

Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山, ed. Sodōshū sakuin 祖堂集索引 (Index of the Patriarch’s Hall Collection). 3 vols. Kyoto: Kyōto daigaku jinbun kagaku kenkyūjo, 1980–1984.

Yoshizawa Masahiro 芳澤勝弘, Onishi Shirō 小西司郎, et al., eds. Keitoku dentōroku sakuin 景德傳燈錄索引 (Index of the Jingde Records of the Transmission of the Lamp). 2 vols. Kyoto: Zen bunka kenkyūjō; Kibun tenseki sōkan, 1993.

Yoshizawa Masahiro 芳澤勝弘, Onishi Shirō 小西司郎, et al., eds. Sodōshū sakuin 祖堂集索引 (Index of the Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Kyoto: Zen bunka kenkyūjō; Kibun tenseki sōkan, 1994.

Yuan Bing 袁賓. Chanzong Zhuzuo Ciyu Huishi 禪宗著作詞語匯釋 (A Collection of Interpretations of Terms in Chan Works). Nanjing: Jiangsu Guji Chubanshe, 1990.

Yuan Bing 袁賓 and Kang Jian 康健, eds. Chanzong Dacidian 禪宗大詞典 (A Great Dictionary of the Chan School). Wuhan: Chongwen Shuju, 2010.

Zeuschner, Robert B. “A Selected Bibliography on Ch’an Buddhism in China.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 3 (1976): 299–311.

Zhongguo Fojiao Renming Dacidian Bianji Weiyuanhui 《中國佛教人名大辭典》編輯委員會 and Zhenghua 震華, ed. Zhongguo Fojiao Renming Dacidian 中國佛教人名大辭典 (The Great Dictionary of People’s Names in Chinese Buddhism). Shanghai: Shanghai Cishu Chubanshe, 1999.

Primary Texts (Edited and Reprinted)

Chanzong Jicheng 禪宗集成 (The Collection from the Chan School). Collected and reprinted from the Xu Zang Jing/Hsu Tsang Ching. 25 vols. Taibei: Yiwen Yinshu Guan, 1968.

Chanzong Quanshu 禪宗全書 (Complete Books of the Chan School). Edited by Lan Jifu 藍吉富. 101 vols. Taibei: Wenshu Wenhua Youxian Gongsi, 1990; Bejing: Beijing Tushuguan Chubanshe, 2004.

“Daie Fukaku zenji hōgo 大慧普覺禪師法語 (Chan Master Dahui Pujue’s Talks on Dharma).” In Daijō butten, Chūgoku Nihon hen 12: Zen goroku 大乘佛典中國日本篇12－禪語錄, edited by Ishii Shūdō 石井修道, 339–578. Tokyo: Chūō kōronsha, 1992.

Daruma no goroku: Ninyū shigyōron 達摩の語錄： 二入四行論 (The Recorded Sayings of Bodhidharma: On Two Entrances and Four Practices). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Zen no goroku 禪の語錄1. Tokyo: Chikuma Shobō, 1969.

Dehui 德輝. Chixiu Baizhang Qinggui 敕修百丈清規 (The Imperially Sanctioned Baizhang Rules of Purity). Edited by Li Jiwu 李继武. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2011.

Dunboben Chanji Lujiao 敦博本禪籍錄校 (The Edited Chan Texts from the Manuscripts of the Dunhuang Museum). Edited by Deng Wenkuan 鄧文寬 and Rong Xinjiang 榮新江. Nanjing: Jiangsu Guji Chubanshe, 1999.

Gensha kōroku 玄沙広錄 (Extensive Record of Xuansha). Edited by Tōdai goroku kenkyūhan 唐代語錄研究班. Kyoto: Zen bunka kenkyūjo, 1999.

Hōkyōhen 輔教編 (Essays on Assisting the Teaching [of Buddhism]). By Fori Qisong/Butsunichi Kaisū 佛日契嵩. Edited by Araki Kengo 荒木見悟. Zen no goroku 14. Tokyo: Chikuma shobo, 1981.

Hōrinden 寶林傳 (Biographies from the Treasure Groves [Temple]). Edited by Tanaka Ryōshō 田中良昭. Tokyo: Komazawa daigaku zenshūshi kenkyū kai, 1981–1994.

Huihong 惠洪. Chanling Sengbao Zhuan 禪林僧寶傳 (Biographies of the Monk-Treasure in the Chan Grove). Edited by Lü Youxiang 吕有祥. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2014.

Jing 靜 and Jun 筠. Zutang Ji 祖堂集 (Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Edited by Zhang Hua. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2001.

Jing 靜 and Jun 筠. Zutangji 祖堂集 (Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Edited by Wu Fuxiang 吳福祥 and Gu Zhichuan 顧之川. Changsha: Yuelu Shushe, 1996.

Keitoku dentōroku 景德傳燈錄 (The Jingde Records of the Transmission of the Lamp). Edited by Yoshizawa Masahiro 芳澤勝弘, Onishi Shirō 小西司郎, et al. Kyoto: Zen bunka kenkyūjo; Kibun tenseki sōkan, 1993.

Li Miao 李淼, ed. Zhongguo Chanzong Daquan 中國禪宗大全. 6 vols. Changchun: Changchun Chubanshe, 1991.

Linji Lu 臨濟錄 (Record of Linji). Edited by Yang Zengwen 楊曾文. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2001.

Lin Shitian 林世田 et al., eds. Dunhuang Chanzong Wenxian Jicheng 敦煌禅宗文獻集成 (Collection of the Manuscripts of the Chan School from Dunhuang). 2 vols. Beijing: Quanguo Tushuguan Wenxian Suowei Fuzhi Zhongxin 全國圖書館文獻縮微複製中心, 1998.

Mazu Yulu 馬祖語錄 (The Recorded Sayings of Mazu). Edited by Xing Dongfeng 邢东风. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2008.

Qu Ruji 瞿汝稷. Zhiyue Lu 指月錄 (Records of Pointing to the Moon). Edited by Dexian and Houjian. 2 vols. Chengdu: Bashu Shushe. 2006.

Rokuso dankyō shohon shūsei 六祖壇經諸本集成 (Collection of Various Versions of the Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Kyoto: Chūbun Shuppansha, 1976.

Shenhui Heshang Chanhua Lu 神會和尚禪話錄 (The Recorded Sayings on Chan from Shenhui). Edited by Yang Zengwen楊曾文. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1996.

Shinjinmei, Shōdōka, Jūgyūzu, Zazengi 信心銘, 証道歌, 十牛図, 坐禅儀 (The Inscription on Faith in the Mind, Song of Authenticating the Way, Ten Oxherding Pictures, and Principles of Seated Meditation). Edited by Kajitani Sōnin 梶谷宗忍 et al. Zen no goroku, no. 16. Tokyo: Chikuma shobō, 1974.

Shike goroku, Goke goroku 四家錄, 五家錄 (The Recorded Sayings of Four Masters [and] the Recorded Sayings of Five Houses). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Kyoto: Chūbun shuppansha, 1983.

Sodōshū 祖堂集 (The Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Zengaku sōsho 禪學叢書, 4. Kyoto: Chūbun shuppansha, 1974.

Sodōshū 祖堂集 (The Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Edited by Yoshizawa Masahiro 芳澤勝弘, Onishi Shirō 小西司郎, et al. Kyoto: Zen bunka kenkyūjo; Kibun tenseki sōkan, 1994.

Sōhan Kōribon Keitoku dentōroku 宋版高麗本景德傳燈錄 (The Korean Edition of the Jingde Records of the Transmission of the Lamp during the Song Dynasty). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Zengaku sōsho 禪學叢書 6. Kyoto: Chūbun shuppansha, 1976.

Sōzō ichin: Hōrinden; Dentō gyōkueishū 宋藏遺珍: 寶林傳; 傳燈玉英集 (Treasures outside the Song Buddhist Canon: Biographies from the Treasure Groves [Temple]; Collection of Treasurous Heros in the Transmission of the Lamp). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Zengaku sōsho 禪學叢書 5. Kyoto: Chūbun shuppansha, 1975.

Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新修大藏經 (The Newly Edited Buddhist Canon during the Taisho Era). Edited by Takakusu Junjirō 高楠順次郎 and Watanabe Kaigyoku 渡邊海旭. 100 vols. Tokyo: Daizo shuppan kai, 1922–1933.

Tiantong Zhengjue 天童正觉 and Wangsong Xingxiu 万松行秀. Congrong Lu 從容錄 (Records of Equanimity). Edited by Shang Zhiyu 尚之煜. Beijing: Zongjiao Wenhua Chubanshe, 2013.

Wanshi roku 宏智錄 (The Record of Hongzhi). Edited by Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. 3 vols. Tokyo: Meicho fukyūkai, 1984.

Xinban Dunhuang Xinben Liuzu Tanjing 新版敦煌新本六祖壇經 (The New Edition of the Newly Discovered Version of the Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch). Edited by Yang Zengwen 楊曾文. Beijing: Zongjiao Wenhua Chubanshe, 2001.

Xu Zang Jing/Hsu Tsang Ching 續藏經 (The Supplemental Buddhist Canon). 150 vols. Taibei: Xinwenfeng Chuban Gongsi, 1968–1970. Reprint of Dainippon zokuzōkyō, edited by Nakano Tatsue 中野達慧. Kyoto: Zōkyō shoin, 1905–1912.

Yongming Yanshou 永明延壽. Yongming Yanshou Chanshi Quanshu 永明延壽禪師全書 (The Complete Books of Chan Master Yongming Yanshou). Edited by Liu Zeliang 劉澤亮. 3 vols. Beijing: Zongjiao Wenhua Chubanshe, 2008.

Yongming Yanshou 永明延壽. Zongjing Lu 宗鏡錄 (Records of the Source-Mirror). 8 vols. Taipei: Xinwenfeng Chubanshe, 1990.

Yuanwu Keqin 圓悟克勤. Biyan Ji 碧巖集 (The Blue Cliff Record). Edited by Ouyang Yizhang. Xindian, Taiwan: Yuanming Chubanshe, 1994.

Yuanwu Keqin 圓悟克勤. Biyan Lu 碧巖錄 (The Blue Cliff Record). Edited by Shang Zhiyu. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2012.

Zanning 贊寧. Song Gaoseng Zhuan 宋高僧傳 (The Song Biographies of Eminent Monks). Edited by Fan Xiangyong 范祥雍. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1987.

Ze Zangzhu 賾藏主. Guzunsu Yulu 古尊宿語錄 (Records of Sayings of Ancient Worthies). Edited by Xiao Qianfu 蕭萐夫, Cai Zhaohua 蔡兆華, and Lu Youxiang 呂有祥. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1994.

Zhaozhou Lu 趙州錄 (The Records of Zhaozhou). Edited by Zhang Zikai 張子開. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2001.

Zhongguo Fojiao congshu Chanzong bian 中國佛教叢書禪宗編 (Books of the Chan School in Chinese Buddhism Book Series). Edited by Ren Jiyu 任繼愈. 12 vols. Nanjing: Jiangsu Guji Chubanshe, 1993.

Zhongguo Fojiao Sixiang Ziliao Xuanbian 中國佛教思想資料選編 (Selected Materials in Chinese Buddhist Thought). Edited by Shijun 石峻, Lou Yulie 樓宇烈, et al. Bejing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1983. Vol. 2, no. 4.

Zhou Shaoliang 周紹良, ed. Dunhuang Xieben Tanjing Yuanben 敦煌寫本《壇經》原本 (The Original Dunhuang Manuscript of the Platform Sūtra). Beijing: Wenwu Chubanshe, 1997.

Zonggao 宗杲. Dahuishu 大慧書 (Letters of Dahui). Edited by Lü Youxiang 吕有祥 and Wu Longsheng 吳隆升. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2008.

Zongmi 宗密. Chanyuan Zhuquanji Duxu 禪源諸詮集都序 (Prolegomenon to the Colllection of Expressions of the Chan Source). Edited by Qiu Gaoxing 邱高興. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2008.

Zongze 宗賾. Chanyuan Qinggui 禪苑清規 (Rules of Purity for the Chan Monastery). Edited by Su Jun 蘇軍. Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 2001.

Zutang Ji 祖堂集 (The Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Edited by Sun Changwu 孫昌武, Kinugawa Kenji 衣川賢次, and Nishiguchi Yoshio 西口芳男. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2010.

General Studies, Anthologies, and Surveys

App, Urs. “Recent English Publications about Chan, Son, and Zen (1977–1992).” Zenbunka kenkyūjo kiyō 禅文化研究所紀要 19 (1993): 1–58.

Chu Bosi 褚柏思. Chanzongxue Yu Chanxue 禪宗學與禪學 (The Study of the Chan School and the Study of Chan). Taibei: Xinwenfeng Chuban Youxian Gufen Gongsi, 1996.

Du Songbai 杜松柏. Zhizhizai Chanxue Lunwenji 知止齊禅學論文集 (Collection of Essays in the Study of Chan from the House of Knowing to Stop). Taibei: Wenshizhe Chubanshe, 1994.

Faure, Bernard. “Chan and Zen Studies: The State of Field(s).” In Chan Buddhism in Ritual Context, 1–35. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

Fo Kuang Shan Report of International Conference on Ch’an Buddhism. Kao-hsiung, Taiwan: Fo Kuang Publisher, 1990.

Gimello, Robert M., and Peter N. Gregory, eds. Studies in Ch’an and Hua-yen. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1983.

Gong Jun 龔隽 and Chen Jidong 陳繼東. Zhongguo Chanxue Yanjiu Rumen 中國禪宗研究入門 (Introduction to the Study of Chinese Chan Buddhism). Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 2009.

Gregory, Peter N., ed. Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1987.

Heine, Steven. “A Critical Survey of Works on Zen Since Yampolsky.” Philosophy East and West 57, no. 4 (2007): 577–92.

Hershock, Peter D. Chan Buddhism. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2005.

Hu Shi 胡適. Hu Shi Chanxue An 胡適禪學案 (Documents for the Study of Chan by Hu Shi). Edited by Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Taibei: Zhengzhong Shuju, 1975.

Hu Shi 胡適. Hu Shi Xueshu Wenji: Zhongguo Fojiao Shi 胡適學術文集:中國佛教史 (Anthology of the Scholarship of Hu Shi: History of Chinese Buddhism). Edited by Jiang Yihua. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 1997.

Jan, Yün-hua 冉雲華. Zhongguo Chanxue Yanjiu Lunji 中國禪學研究論集 (Essays in the Study of Chinese Chan). Taibei: Dongchu Chubanshe, 1990.

Kamata Shigeo 鎌田茂雄. Chūgoku no zen 中國の褝 (Chinese Zen). Tokyo: Kodansha, 1980.

Kraft, Kenneth, ed. Zen: Tradition and Transition: A Source Book by Contemporary Zen Masters and Scholars. New York: Grove Press, 1988.

Lai, Whalen, and Lewis R. Lancaster, eds. Early Ch’an in China and Tibet. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series, 1983.

McRae, John R. “Yanagida Seizan’s Landmark Works on Chinese Ch’an.” Cahiers d’Extrême-Asie 7 (1993): 51–103.

Nan Huai-Chin. The Story of Chinese Zen. Translated by Thomas Cleary. Boston: Tuttle, 1995.

Nan Huaijing 南懷瑾. Chanhai Lice 禪海蠡測 (The Limited Measurement to the Sea of Chan). Taibei: Laogu Wenhua Shiye Gongsi, 1955.

Pan Ping 潘平 and Ming Lizhi 明立志, eds. Hushi Shuo Chan 胡適說禪 (Hu Shi on Chan). Beijing: Dongfang Chubanshe. 1993.

Suzuki, D. T. Essays in Zen Buddhism. 3 series. Edited by Christmas Humphreys. London: Rider, 1949–1953.

Suzuki, D. T. An Introduction to Zen Buddhism. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1964.

Suzuki, D. T. Manual of Zen Buddhism. New York: Grove Press, 1960.

Suzuki, D. T. Studies in Zen. London: Rider, 1955.

Suzuki, D. T. “Zen: A Reply to Hu Shih.” Philosophy East and West 3, no. 1 (1953): 25–46.

Suzuki, D. T. Zen Buddhism: Selected Writings of D. T. Suzuki. New York: Anchor Books, 1956.

Tanaka Ryōshō 田中良昭. “A Historical Outline of Japanese Research on the Chinese Chan Writings from Dunhuang.” Studies in Central & East Asian Religions 2 (1989): 141–69.

Tanaka Ryōshō 田中良昭, ed. Zengaku kenkyū nyūmon 禅学研究入門 (Introduction to Chan Studies). 2nd ed. Tokyo: Daitō shuppansha, 2006.

Tian Guanglie 田光烈. Lun Chanxue 論禪學 (On the Study of Chan). Taibei: Dingyuan Wenhua Shiye Youxian Gongsi, 1993.

Tu, Wei-ming. “Ch’an in China: A Reflective Interpretation.” In Zen in China, Japan, and East Asian Art: Papers of the International Symposium on Zen, edited by H. Brinker, R. P. Kramers, and C. Ouwehand, 9–27. Zurich University, Swiss Asian Studies, Research Studies, vol. 8. Bern: Peter Lang, 1985.

Wu, John C. H. The Golden Age of Zen. New York: Doubleday, 1996.

Wu, John C. H. “Zen (Ch’an): Its Origin and its Modern Significance.” Asian Culture Quarterly 8, no. 4 (1980): 1–11.

Wu Rujun 吳汝鈞. Youxi Sanmei: Chan De Shijian Yu Zhongji Guanhuai 遊戲三昧： 禪的實踐與終極關懷 (The Playful Samadhi: The Practice of Chan and Its Ultimate Concern). Taibei: Taiwan Xuesheng Shuju, 1993.

Yampolsky, Philip. “New Japanese Studies in Early Ch’an History.” In Early Ch’an in China and Tibet, edited by Whalen Lai and Lewis R. Lancaster, 1–11. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series, 1983.

Yang Huinan 楊惠南. Chanshi Yu Chansi 禪史與禪思 (The History of Chan and the Thought of Chan). Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gufen Youxian Gongsi, 1995.

Zhang Mantao 張曼濤, ed. Chanzong Sixiang Yu Lishi 禪宗思想與歷史 (The Thought and History of the Chan School). Chanxue Zhuanji Zhi Liu 禪學專集之六 (Collections in the Study of Chan, vol. 6). Taibei: Dasheng Wenhua Chubanshe, 1978.

Historical Studies

Barrett, Timothy Hugh. “Arthur Waley, D. T. Suzuki and Hu Shih: New Light on the ‘Zen and History’ Controversy.” Buddhist Studies Review 6, no. 2 (1989): 116–21.

Brose, Benjamin. Patrons and Patriarchs: Regional Rulers and Chan Monks During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2015.

Broughton, Jeffrey Lyle. “Early Ch’an Schools in Tibet.” In Studies in Ch’an and Hua-yen, edited by Robert M. Gimello and Peter N. Gregory, 1–68. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1983.

Chen Yuan 陳垣. Qingchu Sengzheng Ji 清初僧諍記 (Records of the Controversy of Monks in Early Qing). Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1962.

Cole, Alan. Fathering Your Father: The Zen of Fabrication in Tang Buddhism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009.

Cole, Alan. Patriarchs on Paper: A Critical History of Medieval Chan Literature. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2016.

Dong Qun 董群. Zushi chan 祖師禪 (Chan of Patriarchs). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe, 1997.

Du Jiwen 杜繼文 and Wei Daoru 魏道儒. Zhongguo Chanzong Tongshi 中國禪宗通史 (A Complete History of Chinese Chan Buddhism). Nanjing: Jiangsu Guji Chubanshe, 1993.

Dumoulin, Heinrich. “Early Chinese Zen Reexamined: A Supplement to Zen Buddhism: A History.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 20, no. 1 (1993): 31–53.

Dumoulin, Heinrich. Zen Buddhism: A History. Vol. 1. Translated by James W. Heisig and Paul Knitter. New York: Macmillan, 1988. Rev. and exp. ed., Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2005.

Faure, Bernard. Le bouddhisme Ch’an en mal d’histoire: Genèse d’une tradition religieuse dans le Chine des T’ang. Publications de l’École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 158. Paris: École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 1989.

Feng Xuecheng 馮學成. Yunmen Zong Shihua 雲門宗史話 (On the History of the Yunmen School). Chengdu: Chengdu Wenshu Yuan, 2001.

Foulk, T. Griffith. “The Spread of Chan (Zen) Buddhism.” In The Spread of Buddhism, edited by Ann Heirman and Stephan Peter Bumbacher, 433–56. Handbook of Oriental Studies, sect. 8, vol. 16. Leiden: Brill, 2007.

Ge Zhaoguang 葛兆光. Zengdingben Zhongguo Chan Sixiang Shi: Cong Liu Shiji Dao Shi Shiji 增訂本中國禪思想史: 從六世紀到十世紀 (The Expanded and Revised Edition of the History of Chinese Chan Thought: From the Sixth to the Tenth Century). Shanghai: Shanghai Guji Chubanshe, 2008.

Gong Jun 龔隽. Chanshi Gouchen: Yi Wenti Weizhongxin De Sixiangshi Lunshu 禪史鉤沉: 以問題為中心的思想史論述 (Exploring the History of Chan: A History of Thought Focusing on Issues). Beijing: Sanlian Shudian, 2006.

Gregory, Peter N., and Daniel A. Getz, eds. Buddhism in the Sung. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1999.

Gu Jichen 顧吉辰. Songdai fojiao shigao 宋代佛教史稿 (A Draft on the History of Buddhism in the Song). Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 1993.

Gu Weikang 顧偉康. Chanjing Heyi Suyuan 禪凈合一溯源 (Exploring the Origin of the Chan-Pureland Reconciliation). Shanghai: Shanghai Shehui Kexueyuan Chubanshe, 2012.

Hong Xiuping 洪修平. Chanzong Sixiang De Xingcheng Yu Fazhan 禪宗思想的形成與發展 (The Formation and Development of the Thought of Chan Buddhism). Taibei: Foguang Chubanshe, 1991.

Hong Xiuping 洪修平 and Sun Yiping 孫亦平. Rulai Chan 如來禪 (Tathāgata Chan). Hangzhou: Zhejian Renmin Chubanshe, 1997.

Hu Shi. “Ch’an (Zen) Buddhism in China: Its History and Method.” Philosophy East and West 3, no. 1 (1953): 3–24.

Hu Shi. “The Development of Zen Buddhism in China.” Chinese Social and Political Science Review 15, no. 4 (1932): 475–505.

Ibuki Atsushi 伊吹敦. Zen no rekishi 禅の歷史 (A History of Zen). Kyoto: Hōzōkan, 2001.

Imaeda Aishin 今枝愛真. Chūsei zenshū shi no kenkyū 中世禪宗史の研究 (Studies in the Medieval History of Zen Buddhism). Tokyo: Tokyo daigaku shuppankai, 1970.

Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. Chūgoku Zenshū shiwa 中國禪宗史話 (On the History of Chinese Chan Buddhism). Kyoto: Zen Bunka Kenkyūjo, 1988.

Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. “Dōgen Zen and Song Dynasty China.” Translated by Albert Welter. In Dōgen: Textual and Historical Studies, edited by Steven Heine, 139–66. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. “Senshū Fuku sen Shōkei-in no Jōshu Zenji Shōtō to Sodōshū 泉州福先招慶院の淨修禅師省僜と祖堂集 (Shengdeng, the Chan Master of Jingxiu of the Fuxian Zhaoqing Cloister in Quanzhou, and the Zutang Ji).” Komazawa daigaku bukkyō gakubu kenkyū kiyō 駒沢大學仏教學部研究紀要 44 (1986): 155–97.

Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. Sōdai zenshū shi no kenkyū: Chūgoku Sōtōshū to Dōgen zen 宋代禪宗史の研究－中國曹洞宗と道元禪 (Studies in the History of Song Chan Buddhism: Chinese Soto Sect and Dogen’s Zen). Tokyo: Daitō shuppansha, 1987.

Jan, Yün-hua. “Buddhist Historiography in Sung China.” Zeitschrift der Morgenlän-dischen Gessellshaft 114, no. 2 (1964): 362–81.

Jan, Yün-hua. “Chanzong Diqizu Zhizheng De Wenxian Yanjiu 禪宗第七祖之爭的文獻研究 (Philological Studies on the Controversy over the Seventh Patriarch of Chan Buddhism).” Zhonggguo wenhua yanjuisuo xuebao 6 (1997): 417–37.

Jan, Yün-hua. “ ‘Tang Gu Zhaosheng Si Dade Huijian Chanshi Bei’ Kao 《唐故招聖寺大德慧堅禪師碑》考 (A Study and Trascription of the Epitaph of Chan Master Huijian from the Zhaosheng Temple of the Tang Dynasty).” Chung-hwa Buddhist Journal 7 (1994): 97–120.

Jan, Yün-hua. “Yuandai Chanseng Yu Xizang Lama Bianlun Kao 元代禪僧與西藏喇嘛辯論考 (An Examination of the Debate among Chan Masters and Tibetan Monks in the Yuan).” Foguang xuebao 佛光學報 4 (1979): 244–57.

Jia, Jinhua. Gudian Chan Yanjiu 古典禪研究 (Studies of Classical Chan). Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 2010. Rev. ed., Shanghai: Shanghai People Chubanshe, 2013.

Jorgensen, John J. “Korea as a Source for the Regeneration of Chinese Buddhism: The Evidence of Ch’an and Sŏn Literature.” In Currents and Countercurrents: Korean Influence on the Buddhist Tradition of East Asia, edited by Robert Buswell Jr., 73–152. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2005.

Kieschnick, John. The Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval Chinese Hagiography. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1997.

Liao Zhaoheng 廖肇亨. “Mingmo Qingchu Yimin Taochan Zhi Feng Yanjiu 明末清初遺民逃禪之風研究 (Studies in the Escaping Chan of Survived People in the Transition from Ming to Qing).” Master’s thesis, National Taiwan University, 1994.

Liu Guozong 劉果宗. Chanzong Sixiang Shi Gaishuo 禪宗思想史概說 (A General History of Chan Buddhist Thought). Taibei: Wenjin Chubanshe, 2001.

Mao Zhongxian 毛忠賢. Zhongguo Caodong Zong Tongshi 中國曹洞宗通史 (A Complete History of the Chinese Caodong School). Nanchang: Jiangxi Renmin Chubanshe, 2006.

Maraldo, John C. “Is There Historical Consciousness within Ch’an?” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 12, nos. 2–3 (1985): 141–72.

Ma Tianxiang 麻天祥. Zhongguo Chanzong Sixiang Fazhan Shi 中國禪宗思想發展史 (The Development of the History of Chinese Chan Buddhist Thought). Changsha: Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe, 1997.

McRae, John R. Seeing through Zen: Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.

McRae, John R. “The Story of Early Ch’an.” In Zen: Tradition and Transition: A Sourcebook by Contemporary Zen Masters and Scholars, edited by Kenneth Kraft, 125–39. New York: Grove, 1988.

Mou Zongsan 牟宗三. “Rulai Chan Yu Zushi Chan 如來禪與祖師禪 (Tathāgata Chan and the Chan of Patriarchs).” In Chanzong Sixiang Yu Lishi 禪宗思想與歷史, edited by Zhang Mantao 張曼濤, 77–112. Xiandai Fojiao Xueshu Congkan 現代佛教學術叢刊, no. 52. Taibei: Dacheng Wenhua Chubanshe, 1978.

Murakami Shun 村上俊. Todai zen shisō kenkyū 唐代褝思想研究 (Studies in the Thought of Tang Chan Buddhism). Kyoto: Hanazono daigaku kokusai zengaku kenkyūjo 花園大學國際褝學研究所, 1996.

Nagashima, Takayuki Shono. Truths and Fabrications in Religion: An Investigation from the Documents of the Zen (Ch’an) Sect. London: Arthur Probsthain, 1978.

Nakamura, Hajime. “Ch’an and Mysticism in Later Times.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 12, no. 4 (1985): 299–317.

Noguchi Zenkei 野口善敬. Gendai zenshūshi kenkyū 元代褝宗史研究 (Studies in the History of Yuan Chan Buddhism). Kyoto: Zenbunka kenkyūjo, 2005.

Nukariya Kaiten 忽滑骨快天. Zengaku shisōshi 禪學思想史 (A History of Chan Thought). 2 vols. Tokyo: Genkosha, 1925.

Ogawa Takashi 小川隆. Goroku no shisoshi: Chugoku Zen no kenkyu 語錄の思想史: 中國禪の研究 (A History of the Thought of Recorded Sayings: Studies in Chinese Chan). Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 2011.

Okimoto Katsumi 沖本克已. “Zen shis ō keiseishi no kenkyū 禪思想形成史の研究 (Studies in the History of the Formation of Chan Thought).” (Hanazono daigaku kokusai zengaku kenkyūjo 花園大學國際禪學研究所) Kenkyū Hōkoku 研究報告 5 (1997): 1–451.

Pan Guiming 潘桂明. Zhongguo Chanzong Sixiang Licheng 中國禪宗思想歷程 (The Journey of Chinese Chan Thought). Beijing: Jinri Zhongguo Chubanshe, 1992.

Qiu Gaoxing 邱高興. Yizhi Duxiu: Qingdai Chanzong Longxing 一枝獨秀:清代禪宗隆興 (A Unique Phenomenon: The Renaissance of Chan in the Qing). Shenyang: Liaoning Renmin Chubanshe, 1997.

Qiu Minjie 邱敏捷. Yinshun “Zhongguo Chanzongshi” Zhi Kaocha: Jian Yu Hu Shi Ji Riben Xuezhe Xiangguan Yanjiu De Bijiao 印順《中國禪宗史》之考察——兼與胡適及日本學者相關研究的比較 (An Examination of Yinshun’s History of Chinese Chan Buddhism: Also A Comparative Study with the Works of Hu Shi and Japanese Scholars). Yongkang, Taiwan: Miaoxin Chubanshe, 2009.

Reischauer, Edwin O. Ennin’s Tranvels in T’ang China. New York: Ronald Press, 1955.

Ren Jiyu. “On Hu Shih’s Mistakes in His Study of the History of the Chan Sect.” Chinese Studies in Philosophy 15, no. 4 (1984): 70–98.

Robson, James. “Formation and Fabrication in the History and Historiography of Chan Buddhism.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 71, no. 2 (2011): 311–49.

Sekiguchi Shindai 關口真大. Zenshū shisōshi 禪宗思想史 (A History of Chan Buddhist Thought). Tokyo: Sankibō busshorin, 1964.

Sharf, Robert H. “On Pure Land Buddhism and Ch’an/Pure Land Syncretism in Medieval China.” T’oung Pao 88, nos. 4–5 (2002): 282–331.

Shinohara, Koichi. “Evolution of Chan Biographies of Eminent Monks.” Bulletin de l’Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient 85 (1998): 305–24.

Suzuki Tetsuo 鈴木哲雄. Chugokū zenshūshi ronkō 中國禪宗史論考 (Examinations on the History of Chinese Chan Buddhism). Tokyo: Sankibō busshorin, 1999.

Suzuki Tetsuo 鈴木哲雄. Tō-godai no zenshū: Konan, Kōsei hen 唐五代の禪宗: 湖南江西篇 (The Chan School in the Tang and Five Dynasties: at Hunan and Jianxi). Tokyo: Daitō shuppansha, 1984.

Suzuki Tetsuo 鈴木哲雄. Tō-godai zenshūshi 唐五代の禪宗史 (A History of Chan Buddhism in the Tang and Five Dynasties). Tokyo: Sankibō busshorin, 1985.

Suzuki Tetsuo 鈴木哲雄. “Zenshū no tenkei 禅宗の転型 (The Reconfiguration of the Chan School).” Zen kenkyūjo kiyō 禅研究所紀要 34 (2006): 19–41.

Takeuchi Kōdō 竹內弘道. “Shoki Zenshū to Kongōhannyakyō 初期禅宗と《金剛般若経》(Early Chan and the Diamond Sutra).” Sōtōshū kenkyūin kenkyūsei kenkyū kiyō 曹洞宗研究員研究生研究紀要 15 (1983): 132–43.

Tanaka Ryōshō 田中良昭. “Zenshū Tōshi no Hatten 禅宗燈史の発展 (The Development of the ‘Histories of the Lamp’ in the Chan School).” In Tonkō Butten to Zen 敦煌仏典と禅 (Dunhuang Buddhist Scriptures and Chan), edited by Shinohara Toshio 篠原寿雄 and Tanaka Ryōshō 田中良昭, 99–123. Tokyo: Daitō shuppansha, 1980.

Tsuchiya Taiyu 土屋太祐. Beisong Chanzong Sixiang Jiqi Yuanyuan 北宋禪宗思想及其淵源 (Chan Thought in Northern Song and Its Origin). Chengdu: Bashu Shushe, 2008.

Ui Hakuju 宇井伯壽. Zenshū shi kenkyū 禪宗史研究 (Studies in the History of Chan Buddhism). 3 vols. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1935–1943.

Wang Shuqing 王書慶 and Yang Fuxue 楊富學. Dunhuang Fojiao Yu Changzong Yanjiu Lunji 敦煌佛教與禪宗研究論集 (Papers on the Dunhuang Buddhism and Chan). Hong Kong: Hong Kong Tianma Publishing, 2006.

Wei Daoru 魏道儒. Songdai Chanzong Wenhua 宋代禪宗文化 (The Chan Culture of the Song Dynasty). Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou Guji Chubanshe, 1993.

Weinstein, Stanley. Buddhism under the T’ang. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Welter, Albert. “Chan/Zen Conceptions of Orthodoxy.” In The Wiley Blackwell Companion to East and Inner Asian Buddhism, edited by Mario Poceski, 166–84. New York: Wiley-Blackwell, 2014.

Welter, Albert. “Zanning and Chan: The Changing Nature of Buddhism in Early Song China.” Journal of Chinese Religions 23 (1995): 105–40.

Wen Yucheng 溫玉成. “Ji Xin Chutu De Heze Dashi Shenhui Taming 記新出土的菏澤大師神會塔銘 (On the Newly Discovered Epitaph of Heze Master Shenhui).” Shijie Zongjiao Yanjiu 世界宗教研究 2 (1984): 78–79.

Wright, Dale S. “Historical Understanding: The Ch’an Buddhist Transmission Narratives and Modern Historiography.” History and Theory 31, no. 1 (1992): 37–46.

Wu, Jiang. Enlightenment in Dispute: The Reinvention of Chan Buddhism in Seventeenth-Century China. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.

Xu Ying 許穎. Jinxiandai Chanjing Heliu Yanjiu 近現代禪淨合流研究 (Studies in the Reconciliation of Chan and Pure Land Buddhism in Modern Time). Chengdu: Bashu Shushe, 2010.

Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. “Chūgoku zenshū shi 中國褝宗史 (A History of Chinese Chan Buddhism).” In Zen no rekishi: Chūgoku 褝の歷史—中國, edited by Nishitani Keiji 西谷啟治, 7–108. Kōza zen 講座禪 3. Tokyo: Chikuma shobō, 1967.

Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. Tōdai no zenshū 唐代の褝宗 (The Chan School in the Tang). Tokyo: Daitō shuppansha, 2004.

Yang Zengwen 楊曾文. Songyuan Chanzong Shi 宋元禪宗史 (A History of Chan Buddhism in the Song and Yuan Dynasties). Beijing: Zhongguo Shehui Kexue Chubanshe, 2006.

Yang Zengwen 楊曾文. Tang Wutai Chanzong Shi 唐五代禪宗史 (A History of Chan Buddhism in the Tang and Five Dynasties). Beijing: Zhongguo Shehui Kexue Chubanshe, 1999.

Yinshun 印順. Zhongguo Chanzong Shi 中國禪宗史 (A History of Chinese Chan Buddhism). Taibei: Zhengwen Chubanshe, 1971.

Textual Studies and Translations

Adamek, Wendi. “The Lidai fabao ji (Record of the Dharma-Jewel through the Ages).” In The Zen Canon, edited by Stenen Heine and Dale S. Wright, 81–106. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Adamek, Wendi. Mystique of Transmission: On an Early Chan History and Its Contexts. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.

Adamek, Wendi. “Robes Purple and Gold: Transmission of the Robe in the Lidai fabao ji (Record of the Dharma-Jewel through the Ages).” History of Religions 40, no. 1 (2000): 58–81.

Adamek, Wendi. The Teachings of Master Wuzhu: Zen and Religion of No-Religion. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011.

Addiss, Stephen, ed. Zen Sourcebook: Traditional Documents from China, Korea, and Japan. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing, 2008.

Aitken, Robert, trans. The Gateless Barrier: The Wu-Men Kuan (Mumonkan). New York: North Point Press, 1991.

Akizuki Ryumin 秋月龍珉, trans. Rinzai roku 臨濟錄 (The Records of Linji). Zen no goroku 禪の語錄 10. Tokyo: Tsukuba shobō, 1972.

App, Urs, trans. “The Making of a Chan Record: Reflections on the History of the Record of Yunmen.” Zenbunka kenkyūjo kiyō 禪文化研究所紀要 17 (1987): 1–90.

App, Urs, trans. Master Yunmen: From the Record of the Chan Master “Gate of the Clouds.” New York: Kodansha America, 1994.

App, Urs. “On No-Mind, in One Fascicle, by Bodhidharma.” Eastern Buddhist 28, no. 1 (1995): 82–106.

Araki Kengo 荒木見悟, trans. Daie sho 大慧書 (Letters of Dahui). Tokyo: Chikuma shobō, 1969.

Bai Huawen 白化文, Ennin 圓仁, et al. Ru Tang Qiufa Xunli Xingji Jiaozhu 入唐求法巡禮行記校注 (The Annotated Record of Pilgrimage to the Tang). Shijiazhuang: Huashan Wenyi Chubanshe, 1992.

Barrett, Timothy Hugh. “The Date of the Leng-chia shih-tzu chi.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 3rd series, 1–2 (1991): 255–59.

Bielefeldt, Carl. “Ch’ang-lu Tsung-tse’s Tso-ch’an I and the ‘Secret’ of Zen Meditation.” In Traditions of Meditation in Chinese Buddhism, edited by Peter N. Gregory, 129–61. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1986.

Bielefeldt, Carl, and Lewis Lancaster. “T’an Ching (Platform Scripture).” Philosophy East and West 25, no 2 (1975): 197–212.

Blofeld, J., trans. The Zen Teaching of Huang Po. New York: Grove Weidenfeld. 1958.

Blofeld, J., trans. The Zen Teaching of Instantaneous Awakening. London: Buddhist Publishing Group. 1962.

Blyth, Reginald Horace, trans. Zen and Zen Classics. 5 vols. Tokyo: The Hokuseido Press, 1960–1970.

Boshan. Great Doubt: Practicing Zen in the World. Translated by Jeff Shore. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2016.

Broughton, Jeffrey L., trans. The Bodhidharma Anthology: The Earliest Records of Zen. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1999.

Broughton, Jeffrey L.. “Tsung-mi’s Zen Prolegomenon: Introduction to an Exemplary Zen Canon.” In The Zen Canon, edited by Steven Heine and Dale S. Wright, 11–51. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Broughton, Jeffrey L., trans. Zongmi on Chan. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009.

Broughton, Jeffrey L., and Elise Yoko Watanabe, trans. The Chan Whip Anthology: A Companion to Zen. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Broughton, Jeffrey L., and Elise Yoko Watanabe, trans. The Record of Linji: A New Translation of the Linji Lu in the Light of Ten Japanese Zen Commentaries. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2013.

Brun, Pierre. Meister Linji: Begegnungen under Reden (Encounters and Talk of Master Linji). Zurich: Ammann, 1986.

Buswell, Robert E., Jr. The Formation of Ch’an Ideology in China and Korea: The Vajirasamādhi-Sūtra, A Buddhist Apocryphon. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Chan, Wing-tsit, trans. The Platform Scripture. New York: St. John’s University Press, 1963. (Translation of one of the two texts of the Platform Sūtra found at Dunhuang, British Library, S. 5475.)

Chang, Chung-yüan, trans. Original Teachings of Ch’an Buddhism. New York: Vintage, 1969.

Cheng Chien Bhikshu, trans. Sun-Face Buddha: The Teachings of Ma-tzu and the Hong-chou School of Ch’an. Berkeley, CA: Asian Humanities Press, 1992.

Chung Moo-hwan 鄭茂煥. “Rokuso dankyō hihan 六祖壇經批判 (Criticisms on the Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch).” Indogaku Bukkyōgaku kenkyū 印度學仏教學研究 38, no. 1 (1989): 255–59.

Cleary, J. C., trans. Swampland Flowers: The Letters and Lectures of Zen Master Ta Hui. New York: Grove Press, 1977.

Cleary, J. C., trans. Zen Dawn: Early Zen Texts from Tun Huang. Boston: Shambhala, 1986.

Cleary, J. C., and Thomas Cleary, eds. and trans. Zen Letters: Teachings of Yuanwu. Boston: Shambhala, 1994.

Cleary, J. C., and Yoshida Osamu, trans. Three Chan Classics. Berkeley, CA: Numata Center for Buddhist Translations and Research, 2006.

Cleary, Thomas, trans. Book of Serenity. Hudson, NY: Lindisfarne Press, 1990.

Cleary, Thomas, trans. The Empty Valley Collection: Volume One. Kindle ed. Amazon Digital Services, 2016.

Cleary, Thomas, trans. The Five Houses of Zen. Boston: Shambhala, 1997.

Cleary, Thomas, trans. No Barrier: Unlocking the Zen Koan; A New Translation of the Zen Classic Wumenguan. New York: Bantam Books, 1993

Cleary, Thomas, trans. Sayings and Doings of Pai-chang. Los Angeles: Center Publications, 1978.

Cleary, Thomas, and J. C. Cleary, trans. The Blue Cliff Record. Boston: Shambhala, 1992.

Demiéville, Paul, trans. Entretiens de Lin-tsi (Conversations of Linji). Paris: Fayard, 1972.

Demiéville, Paul. “Le Recueil de la Salle des Patriarches—Tsou-T’ang Tsi (The Patriarchs’ Hall Collection—Zutang Ji).” T’oung Pao 56 (1970): 262–86.

Feng Guodong 馮國楝. Jingde Chuan Denglu Yanjiu 景德傳燈錄研究 (Studies in the Jingde Chuandeng Lu). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2004.

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Philosophical and Doctrinal Studies

Allen, Barry. “The Virtual and the Vacant—Emptiness and Knowledge in Chan and Daoism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 37, no. 3 (2010): 457–71.

Benicka, Jana. “(Huayan-Like) Notions of Inseparability (or Unity) of Essence and Its Function (or Principle and Phenomena) in Some Commentaries on ‘Five Positions’ of Chan Master Dongshan Liangjie.” In Reflecting Mirrors: Perspectives on Huayan Buddhism, edited by Imre Hamar, 231–39. Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007.

Blass, Rachel B. “On the Possibility of Self-Transcendence: Philosophical Counseling, Zen, and the Psychological Perspective.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 23, no. 3 (1996): 277–97.

Bolleter, Ross. Dongshan’s Five Ranks: Keys to Enlightenment. Somerville, Mass.: Wisdom Publications, 2014.

Buswell, Robert E., Jr. “Ch’an Hermeneutics: A Korean View.” In Buddhist Hermeneutics, edited by Donald S. Lopez Jr., 231–56. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1988.

Chan, Wing-Cheuk. “Mou Zongsan on Zen Buddhism.” Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 5, no. 1 (2006): 73–88.

Chan, Wing-Shing. “Psychological Attachment, No-Self and Chan Buddhism Mind Therapy.” Contemporary Buddhism 9, no. 2 (2008): 253–64.

Chan Wing-tsit 陳榮捷. Wang Yangming Yu Chan 王陽明與禪. Taibei: Xuesheng Shuju, 1989.

Chang, C.-Y. “Ch’an Buddhism: Logical and Illogical.” Philosophy East and West 17 (1967): 37–49.

Cheng, Chung-ying. “Chan Historiography and Chan Philosophy: A Review Essay on Bernard Faure’s Chan Insights and Oversight.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 23, no. 4 (1996): 489–507.

Cheng, Chung-ying. “On Zen (Ch’an) Language and Zen Paradoxes.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 1, no. 1 (1973): 77–102.

Cheng, Chung-ying. “Rejoinder to Michael Levin’s Comments on the Paradoxicality of the Koans.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 3, no. 3 (1976): 291–97.

Cheng, Chung-ying. “Relativity and Transcendence in the Platform Sūtra of Hui-Neng: On Polarities and Their Philosophical Significances.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 19, no. 1 (1992): 73–80.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. “Confucianism and Zen (Ch’an) Philosophy of Education.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 12, no. 2 (1985): 197–215.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. Empty Logic. New York: Philosophical Library, 1984.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. “Negation, Affirmation and Zen Logic.” International Philosophical Quarterly 26 (1986): 241–51.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. “Psychology, Ontology, and Zen Soteriology.” Religious Studies 22 (1986): 459–72.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li.“The Roots of Zen Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 8, no. 4 (1981): 451–78.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. “Zen and San-lun Madhyamika Thought: Exploring the Theoretical Foundation of Zen Teachings and Practices.” Religious Studies 15 (1979): 343–63.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. “Zen Morality Within This World.” In Morality Within the Life- and Social World: Interdisciplinary Phenomenology of the Authentic Life in the “Moral Sense,” edited by Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, 245–58. Analecta Husserliana, vol. 22. Dordrecht, Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1987.

Cheng, Hsüeh-li. “Zen, Wittgenstein and Neo-orthodox Theology: The Problem of Communicating Truth in Zen Buddhism.” Religious Studies 18 (1982): 133–49.

Davis, Leesa S. Advaita Vedanta and Zen Buddhism: Deconstructive Modes of Spiritual Inquiry. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2011.

DeMartino, Richard. “On Zen Communication.” Communication 8 (1983): 13–28.

Demiéville, Paul. “The Mirror of the Mind.” In Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought, edited by Peter N. Gregory, 13–40. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1987.

Dong Qun 董群. Chanzong Lunli 禪宗倫理 (Chan Buddhist Ethics). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe. 2000.

Faure, Bernard. Chan Insights and Oversights: An Epistemological Critique of the Chan Tradition. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Feng, Youlang. “On the Chan Sect.” Chinese Studies in Philosophy 20, no. 2 (1989): 3–38.

Foulk, T. Griffith. “Sung Controversies Concerning the ‘Separate Transmission’ of Ch’an.” In Buddhism in the Sung, edited by Peter Gregory and Daniel Getz, 220–94. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1999.

Froese, Katrin. “Momentary Encounters in Heidegger and Linji.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 41, nos. 3–4 (2014): 470–86.

Fu, Charles Wei-hsun 傅偉勳. Cong Xifang Zhexue Dao Chanfojiao 從西方哲學到禪佛教 (From Western Philosophy to Chan Buddhism). Beijing: Sanlian Shudian, 1989.

Fu, Charles Wei-hsun 傅偉勳. “Heidegger and Zen on Being and Nothingness: A Critical Essay in Trans-Metaphysical Dialectics.” In Buddhist and Western Philosophy: A Critical Comparative Study, edited by Nathan Katz, 172–201. New Dehli: Sterling, 1981.

Fu, Charles Wei-hsun 傅偉勳. “A Philosophic/Hermeneutic Inquiry into the Multidimensional of Hui-neng’s Ch’an Teaching.” In Fo Kuang Shan Report of International Conference on Ch’an Buddhism, 60–68. Kao-hsiung, Taiwan: Fo Kuang Publisher, 1990.

Fu, Charles Wei-hsun 傅偉勳. “‘Tanjing’ Huineng Dunwu Chanjiao Shenceng Yiyun Shitan 《壇經》慧能頓悟禪教深層意藴試探 (A Tentative Study of the Deep Meanings of Huineng’s Chan Teaching on Sudden Awakening in the Platform Sūtra).” In Cong Chuangzhao De Quanshixue Dao Dasheng Fojiao—Zhexue Yu Zongjiao 4 從創造的詮釋學到大乘佛學－哲學與宗教四集 (From Creative Hermeneutics to Mahayana Buddhism—Philosophy and Religion 4), 209–42. Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gongsi, 1990.

Garner, Richard T. “The Deconstruction of the Mirror and Other Heresies: Ch’an and Taoism as Abnormal Discourse.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 12, no. 2 (1985): 155–68.

Gimello, Robert. “Apophatic and Kataphatic Discourse in Mahayana: A Chinese View.” Philosophy East and West 26, no. 2 (1976): 117–36.

Gimello, Robert. “The Sudden/Gradual Polarity: A Recurrent Theme in Chinese Thought.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 9, no. 4 (1982): 471–86.

Gómez, Luis O. “Purifying Gold: The Metaphor of Effort and Intuition in Buddhist Thought and Practice.” In Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought, edited by Peter N. Gregory, 67–165. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1987.

Graham, Archie S. “Art, Language, and Truth in Heidegger’s Radical Zen.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 27, no. 4 (2000): 503–43.

Gu, Linyu. “Dipolarity in Chan Buddhism and the Whiteheadian God.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 32, no. 2 (2005): 211–22.

Gu, Linyu. “Rethinking the Whiteheadian God and Chan/Zen Buddhism in the Tradition of the Yi Jing.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 29, no. 1 (2002): 81–92.

Gu, Mingdong. “Momentary Return of the Cosmic Unconscious: The Nature of Zen/Chan Enlightenment.” Asian Philosophy 25, no. 4 (2015): 402–17.

He Guoquan 何國銓. Zhongguo Chanxue Sixiang Yanjiu 中國禪學思想研究 (Studies in the Thought of Chinese Chan). Taibei: Wenjin Chubanshe, 1987.

Heine, Steven. Shifting Shape, Shaping Text: Philosophy and Folklore in the Fox Kōan. Honolulu: University of Hawai’I Press, 1999.

Heine, Steven. “The Zen Notion of ‘Mind’—Or, Is It ‘No-Mind’: Critical Reflections of Dale Wright’s Philosophical Meditations.” Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 4, no. 1 (2004): 31–42.

Hershock, Peter D. Liberating Intimacy: Enlightenment and Social Virtuosity in Ch’an Buddhism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996.

Hershock, Peter D. “Person as Narration: The Dissolution of ‘Self’ and ‘Other’ in Ch’an Buddhism.” Philosophy East and West 44, no. 4 (1994): 685–710.

Ho, Chien-hsing. “Interdependence and Nonduality: On the Linguistic Strategy of the Platform Sūtra.” Philosophy East and West 66, no. 4 (2016): 1231–50.

Hong Xiuping 洪修平 and Wu Yonghe 吳永和. Chanxue Yu Xuanxue 禪學與玄學 (The Study of Chan and the Dark Learning). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe. 1992.

Hooper, Carl. “Koan Zen and Wittgenstein’s Only Correct Method in Philosophy.” Asian Philosophy 17, no. 3 (2007): 283–92.

Huang, Lianzhong 黃連忠. Chanzong Gongan Tixiangyong Sixiang Zhi Yanjiu 禅宗公案體相用思想之研究 (A Study of the Thought on Substance, Phenomena and Function in Chan Koan). Taibei: Taiwan Xuesheng Shuju, 2002.

Hubbard, Jamie, and Paul L. Swanson, eds. Pruning the Bodhi Tree: The Storm over Critical Buddhism. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1997.

Inada, Kenneth. “Zen and Taoism: Common and Uncommon Grounds of Discourse.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 15, no. 1 (1988): 51–65.

James, Simon P. Zen Buddhism and Environmental Ethics. Aldershot, Hants, UK: Ashgate Publishing, 2004.

Jan, Yün-hua. “Conflict and Harmony in Ch’an Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 4, no. 3 (1977): 287–302.

Jan, Yün-hua. “The Mind as the Buddha Nature: The Concept of the Absolute in Ch’an Buddhism.” Philosophy East and West 31, no. 4 (1981): 467–77.

Jan, Yün-hua. “Patterns of Chinese Assimilation of Buddhist Thought: A Comparative Study of No-Thought (Wu-nien) in Indian and Chinese Texts.” Journal of Oriental Studies 24, no. 1 (1986): 21–36.

Jan, Yün-hua. “Tsung-mi’s Questions Regarding the Confucian Absolute.” Philosophy East and West 30, no. 4 (1980): 495–504.

Jia, Jinhua. “Doctrinal Reformation of the Hongzhou School of Chan Buddhism.” Journal of International Association of Buddhist Studies 24, no. 2 (2001): 7–26.

Jiang, Tao. “The Role of History in Chan/Zen Enlightenment.” Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 4, no. 1 (2004): 1–14.

Kaag, John J. “Emptiness, Selflessness, and Transcendence: William James’s Reading of Chinese Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 39, no. 2 (2012): 240–59.

King-Farlow, John. “On ‘On Zen Language and Zen Paradoxes’: Anglo-Saxon Questions for Chung-Ying Cheng.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 10, no. 3 (1983): 285–98.

Kiyotaka, Kimura. “Huayan and Chan.” In Reflecting Mirrors: Perspectives on Huayan Buddhism, edited by Imre Hamar, 221–30. Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007.

Knaul, Livia. “Chuang-Tzu and the Chinese Ancestry of Ch’an Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 13, no. 4 (1986): 411–28.

Lai, Whalen. “Tao-sheng’s Theory of Sudden Enlightenment Re-examined.” In Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought, edited by Peter N. Gregory, 169–200. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1987.

Laycock, Steven W. “The Dialectics of Nothingness: A Reexamination of Shen-Hsiu and Hui-Neng.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 24, no. 1 (1997): 19–41.

Levin, Michael E. “Comments on the Paradoxicality of Zen Koans.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 3, no. 3 (1976): 281–90.

Liu Guijie 劉貴傑. Chanzong Zhexue 禪宗哲學 (Philosophy of the Chan school). Taibei: Taiwan Shangwu Yinshu Guan, 2013.

Liu Zeliang 劉澤亮. Huangbo Chan Zhexue Sixiang Yanjiu 黃檗禪哲學思想研究 (Studies in the Philosophical Thought of Huangbo Chan). Wuhan: Hubei Renmin Chubanshe, 1999.

Magliola, Robert. “Differentialism in Chinese Ch’an and French Deconstruction: Some Test-Cases from the Wu-men-kuan.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 17 (1990): 87–97.

Magliola, Robert. “French Deconstruction with a Buddhist Difference: More Cases from the Gateless Gate (Wu-men-kuan) and Blue Cliff Record (Pi-yen-lu).” Studies in Language and Literature 3 (1988): 1–25.

Matsumoto Shirō 松本史朗. Zen shisō no hihanteki Kenkyū 禪思想の批判的研究 (Studies in the Critique of Chan Thought). Tokyo: Daizō shuppan, 1994.

Nakamura Hajime. “The Non-Logical Character of Zen.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 12, no. 2 (1985): 105–15.

Nelson, Eric S. “Demystifying Experience: Nothingness and Sacredness in Heidegger and Chan Buddhism.” Angelaki: Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 17, no. 3 (2012): 65–74.

Nelson, Eric S. “Language and Emptiness in Chan Buddhism and the Early Heidegger.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 37, no. 3 (2010): 472–92.

Ng, On-Cho. “An Early Qing Critique of the Philosophy of Mind-Heart (Xin): The Confucian Quest for Doctrinal Purity and the Doxic Role of Chan Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 26, no. 1 (1999): 89–120.

Odin, Steve. “Derrida & the Decentered Universe of Chan/Zen Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 17, no. 1 (1990): 61–86.

Odin, Steve. “Illuminations of the Quotidian in Nishida, Chan/Zen Buddhism, and Sino-Japanese Philosophy.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 40, Supplement (2013): 135–45.

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Thompson, John M. “Huineng.” In Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by James Fieser and Bradley Dowden. http://www.iep.utm.edu/huineng/.

Tokiwa Gishin. “Bodhidharma’s Wall-Contemplation.” F.A.S. Society Newsletter (1984–1985): 7–10.

Tokiwa Gishin. “Chan (Zen) View of Suffering.” Buddhist-Christian Studies 5 (1985): 103–29.

Tominaga, Thomas T. “Ch’an, Taoism, and Wittgenstein.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 10, no. 2 (1983): 127–45.

Van der Braak, André. Nietzsche and Zen: Self Overcoming Without a Self. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2013.

Van der Braak, André. “Toward a Philosophy of Chan Enlightenment: Linji’s Anti-Enlightenment Rhetoric.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 37, no. 2 (2010): 231–47.

Verdú, Alfonso. “The ‘Five Ranks’ Dialectic of the Sōtō-Zen School in the Light of Kuei-feng Tsung-mi’s ‘Arya-shiki’ Scheme.” Monumenta Nipponica 21 (1966): 125–70.

Visvader, John, and William C. Doub. “The Problem of Desire and Emotions in Taoism and Ch’an.” In Early Ch’an in China and Tibet, edited by Whalen Lai and Lewis R. Lancaster, 281–97. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series, 1983.

Wang, Youru. “The Chan Deconstruction of Buddha-Nature.” In Buddhisms and Deconstructions, edited by Jin Y. Park, 129–44. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2006.

Wang, Youru. “Deconstructing Karma and the Aporia of the Ethical in Hongzhou Chan Buddhism.” In Deconstruction and the Ethical in Asian Thought, edited by Youru Wang, 81–96. London and New York: Routledge, 2007

Wang, Youru. “An Inquiry into the Liminology of Language in the Zhuangzi and in Chan Buddhism.” International Philosophical Quarterly 37, no. 2 (1997): 161–78.

Wang, Youru. “Liberating Oneself from the Absolutized Boundary of Language: A Liminological Approach to the Interplay of Speech and Silence in Chan Buddhism.” Philosophy East and West 51, no. 1 (2001): 83–99.

Wang, Youru. “The Limits of the Critique of ‘the Zen Critique of Language.’” Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 4, no. 1 (December 2004): 43–55.

Wang, Youru. Linguistic Strategies in Daoist Zhuangzi and Chan Buddhism. London and New York: Routledge, 2003.

Wang, Youru. “Paradoxicality of Institution, De-Institutionalization and the Counter-Institutional: A Case Study in Classical Chinese Chan Buddhist Thought.” Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 11, no. 1 (March 2012): 21–37.

Wang, Youru. “The Pragmatics of ‘Never Tell Too Plainly’: Indirect Communication in Chan Buddhism.” Asian Philosophy 10, no. 1 (2000): 7–31.

Wong, Ngai Ying. “The Gradual and Sudden Paths of Tibetan and Chan Buddhism: A Pedagogical Perspective.” Journal of Thought 33, no. 2 (1998): 9–23.

Whitehill, James. “Is There a Zen Ethic?” The Eastern Buddhist, n.s., 20, no. 1 (Spring 1987): 9–33.

Wright, Dale S. “Emancipation from What? The Concept of Freedom in Classical Ch’an Buddhism.” Asian Philosophy 3, no. 2 (1993), 113–24.

Wright, Dale S. Philosophical Meditations on Zen Buddhism. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Wright, Dale S. “Rethinking Transcendence: The Role of Language in Zen Experience.” Philosophy East and West 42, no. 1 (1992): 113–38.

Wu, Kuang-ming. “The Mirror in the Sixth Patriarch, Chuantzu, and Plato.” In Fo Kuang Shan Report of International Conference on Ch’an Buddhism, 294–303. Kao-hsiung, Taiwan: Fo Kuang Publisher, 1990.

Wu Rujun 吳汝鈞. Chan De Cunzai Tiyan Yu Duihua Quanshi, 禪的存在體驗與對話詮釋 (Interpretations of the Existential Experiences and Dialogues of Chan Buddhism). Taibei: Taiwan Xuesheng Shuju, 2010.

Wu Yansheng 吳言生. Chanzong Sixiang Yuanyuan 禪宗思想淵源 (The Origin of Chan Thought). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2001.

Wu Yi 吳怡. Chan Yu Laozhuang 禪與老莊 (Chan and Lao-Zhuang). Taibei: Sanming Shuju, 1985. [English translation, Ch’an and Lao-Chuang by Wu Yi. San Bruno, CA: Great Learning Publishing Company, 2011].

Wu Yi 吳怡. The Mind of Chinese Ch’an. Bruno, CA: Great Learning Publishing Company, 1989.

Wu Yi 吳怡. “On Chinese Ch’an in Relation to Taoism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 12, no. 2 (1985): 131–54.

Xu Xiaoyue 徐小跃. Chan Yu Laozhuang 禪與老莊 (Chan Buddhism and Laozi-Zhuangzi). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe. 1992.

Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山, and Umehara Takeshi 梅原猛. Mu no tankyū: Chūgoku zen 無の探求: 中國禪 (Inquiry into Nothingness: Chinese Chan). Tokyo: Kakukawa shoten, 1969.

Yeh, Michelle. “Beyond Negation: Zen as Deconstruction.” In Zen in American Life and Letters, edited by Robert S. Ellwood, 17–32. Malibu, CA: Undena Publications, 1987.

Zhang, Ellen. “The Chan Mind: Transmission or Mission-of-Translation? Reading Wright’s Philosophical Meditations.” Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 4, no. 1 (2004): 15–29.

Zhang Guoyi 張國一. Tangdai Chanzong Xinxing Sixiang 唐代禪宗心性思想 (Chan Buddhist Thought on Mind-Nature in the Age of Tang). Taibei: Fagu Wenhua Gongsi. 2004.

Zeuschner, Robert B. “The Understanding of Karma in Early Ch’an Buddhism.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 8, no. 4 (1981): 399–425.

Zhu, Caifang. “The Hermeneutics of Chan Buddhism: Reading Koans from the Blue Cliff Record.” Asian Philosophy 21, no. 4 (2011): 373–93.

Zong, Desheng. “Three Language-Related Methods in Early Chinese Chan Buddhism.” Philosophy East and West 55, no. 4 (2005): 584–602.

Studies on Chan Language, Literary Genre, and Art

Anderl, Christoph. “Informal Notes on the Term Jing 境 in the Linji Lu 臨濟錄.” In Wenxue Yu Zongjiao: Sun Changwu Jiaoshou Qishi Huadan Jinian Wenji 文學與宗教： 孫昌武教授七十華誕紀念文集 (Literature and Religion: Essays for the 70th Birthday of Professor Sun Changwu), edited by Zhang Peifeng 張培鋒 et al., 391–423. Beijing: Zongjiao Wenhua Chubanshe, 2007.

Anderl, Christoph. Studies in the Language of Zu-tang ji. 2 vols. Oslo: Faculty of Arts, University of Oslo, 2004.

Anderl, Christoph. Zen Buddhist Rhetoric in China, Korea, and Japan. Leiden: Brill, 2011.

Bao Hutian 包壺天. Changu Shixinji 禪骨詩心集 (A Collection from the Bone of Chan and the Mind of Poem). Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gongsi, 1988.

Bao Hutian 包壺天. “Chanzong Gong’an Zhi Toushi 禪宗公案之透視 (Penetration into Chan Gong’an).” In Bao Hutian 包壺天, Yihai Weilan 藝海微瀾, 127–44. Taibei: Guangwen Shuju, 1971.

Berling, Judith. “Bringing the Buddha Down to Earth: Notes on the Emergence of Yü-lu as a Buddhist Genre.” History of Religions 21, no. 7 (1987): 57–88.

Brinker, Helmut, R. P. Kramer, and C. Ouwehand, eds. Zen in China, Japan, and East Asian Art: Papers of the International Symposium on Zen. Zurich University, Swiss Asian Studies, Research Studies, vol. 8. Bern: Peter Lang, 1985.

Bush, Susan H., and Victor H. Mair. “Some Buddhist Portraits and Images of the Lü and Ch’an Sects in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century China.” Archives of Asian Art 31 (1977–1978): 32–51

Cahill, James. “Continuation of Ch’an Ink Painting into the Ming-Ch’ing and the Prevalence of Type-Images.” Archivers of Asian Art 50 (1997–1998): 17–41.

Cai Rongting 蔡榮婷. Zutang Ji Chanzong Shiji Yanjiu 祖堂集禪宗詩偈研究 (A Study of Chan Poems of the Patrarch’s Hall Collection). Taibei: Wenjin Chubanshe, 2004.

Cao Guangshun 曹廣順, Long Guofu 龍國富, and Liang Yinfeng 梁銀峰. Zutang Ji Yufa Yanjiu 祖堂集語法研究 (A Grammatical Study of the Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Kaifeng: Henan Daxue Chubanshe, 2011.

Chen Xiang 陳香, ed. Chanshi Liubai Shou 禪詩六百首 (Six Hundred Chan Poems). Taibei: Guojia, 1982.

Clasper, Paul, and Janet Clasper. “The Ox-herder Pictures, Zen Buddhism’s Version of ‘The Pilgrim’s Progress.’” Ching Feng 28, nos. 2–3 (1984): 115–36.

Du Songbai 杜松柏, ed. Chanshi Sanbai Shou 禪詩三百首 (Three Hundred Chan Poems). Taibei: Liming Wenhua, 1981.

Egan, Charles, trans. Clouds Thick, Whereabouts Unknown: Poems by Zen Monks of China. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.

Fisher, John F. “Analysis of the Koans in the Mu Mon Kwan.” Numen 25 (1978): 65–76.

Fontein, Jan, and Money Hickman. Zen Painting and Calligraphy. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1970.

Foulk, T. Griffith. “Form and Function of Koan Literature: A Historical Overview.” In The Koan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, edited by Seven Heine and Dale S. Wright, 15–45. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Fung, Mary M. Y., and David Lunde, trans. A Full Load of Moonlight: Chinese Chan Buddhist Poems. Hong Kong: Musical Stone Culture, 2014.

Gardner, Daniel. “Modes of Thinking and Modes of Discourse in the Sung: Some Thoughts on the Yü-lu (Recorded Conversations) Texts.” Journal of Asian Studies 50, no. 3 (1991): 574–603.

Gimello, Robert. “Poetry and the Kung-an in Ch’an Practice.” Ten Directions 7 (Spring/Summer 1986): 9–11.

Gurevich, Isabella S. “On the Historical Grammar of the Colloquial Chinese Language of the Tang Dynasty (Based on the Chan-Buddhist Yulu).” Zenbunka kenkyūjō kiyō 禅文化研究所紀要 20 (1996): 1–43.

Harris, Peter, ed. Zen Poems. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999.

Heine, Steven. “Ch’an Buddhist Kung-Ans as Models for Interpersonal Behavior.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 30, nos. 3–4 (2003): 525–40.

Heine, Steven. “Does Even a Rat Have Buddha-Nature? Analyzing Key-Phrase (Huatou) Rhetoric for the Wu Gongan.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 41, nos. 3–4 (2014): 250–67.

Heine, Steven. Like Cats and Dogs: Contesting the Mu Koan in Zen Buddhism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Heine, Steven. Opening a Mountain: Kōans of the Zen Masters. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Heine, Steven. “Visions, Divisions, Revisions: The Encounter between Iconoclasm and Supernaturalism in Koan Cases about Mount Wu-t’ai.” In The Kōan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, edited by Stenen Heine and Dale S. Wright, 137–67. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Heine, Stenen, and Dale S. Wright, eds. The Kōan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Hsieh, Ding-hwa Evelyn. “Poetry and Chan ‘Gong’an’: From Xuedou Chongxian (980–1052) to Wumen Huikai (1183–1260).” Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 40 (2010): 39–70.

Iriya Yoshitaka 入矢義高. “Chinese Poetry and Zen.” Translated by N. A. Waddell. The Eastern Buddhist 6, no. 1 (1973): 54–67.

Iriya Yoshitaka 入矢義高. “Goroku no kotoba to buntai 語錄の言葉と文体 (The Leaves of Language and the Literary Body in the Yulu).” Zengaku kenkyū 68 (1990): 1–19.

Iriya Yoshitaka 入矢義高. Kyudo to etsuraku: Chūgoku no zen to shi 求道と悅樂: 中國の禪と詩 (Seeking the Way and Feeling Happy: Chinese Chan and Poetry). Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1983.

Iriya Yoshitaka 入矢義高 and Kenji Kinugawa 衣川賢次. “Interview: Catching the Rhythm of Ch’an.” Translated and edited by Urs App. Cahiers d’Extrême-Asie 7 (1993): 31–43.

Jan, Yun-hua. “Ch’an Yulu.” In Indiana Companion to Traditional Chinese Literature, edited by William H. Nienhauser, 201–3. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986.

Jang, Scarlett Ju-Yu. “Ox-herding Painting in the Sung Dynasty.” Artibus Asiae 52, nos. 1/2 (1992): 54–93.

Jichaku, Patrick, George Y. Fujita, and S. I. Shaparo. “The Double Bind and Koan Zen.” Journal of Mind and Behavior 5, no. 2 (1984): 211–22.

Karetsky, Patricia Eichenbaum. Chinese Buddhist Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Kim Seong-Uk. “The Zen Theory of Language: Linji Yixuan’s Teachig of ‘Three Statements, Three Mysteries, and Three Essentials’ (sanju sanxuan sanyao 三句三 玄三要).” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 36–37, nos. 1–2 (2013–2014): 69–90.

Lai, Whalen. “Chan Metaphors: Waves, Water, Mirror, and Lamp.” Philosophy East and West 29, no. 3 (1979): 243–55.

Lai, Whalen. “The Transmission Verses of the Ch’an Patriarchs.” Han Hsüeh Yen-chiu 1, no. 2 (1983): 593–624.

Lauer, Uta. A Master of His Own: The Calligraphy of the Chan Abbot Zhongfeng Mingben (1262–1323). Stuttgart: Steiner, 2002.

Lei Hanqing 雷漢卿. Chanji Fangsuci Yanjiu 禪籍方俗詞研究 (Studies of Vernacular Terms of Chan Texts). Chengdu: Bashu Shushe, 2010.

Li Miao 李淼. Chanshi Sanbaishou Yixi 禪詩三百首譯析 (Translation and Analysis of Three Hundred Chan Poems). Changchun: Jilin Wenshi Chubanshe, 2014.

Li Miao 李淼. Chanzong Yu Zhongguo Gudai Shige Yishu 禪宗與中國古代詩歌藝術 (The Chan School and The Ancient Chinese Art of Poetry). Gaoxiong: Liwen Wenhua Shiye Gufen Youxian Gongsi. 1993.

Li Xinhua 李新華 and Xin Lin 杏林, eds. Gudai Chanzong Moji Jingdian 古代禪宗墨跡經典 (Classical Works of Calligraphy in Ancient Chan Buddhism). Beijing: Zhongguo Shudian, 2007.

Lin Xinping 林新平. Zutang Ji De Dongtai Zhuci Yanjiu 祖堂集的動態助詞研究 (A Study of Adverbs in the Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Shanghai: Shanghai Sanlian Shudian, 2006.

Lu Liehong 盧烈紅. Guzunsu Yuyao Daici Zhuci Yanjiu 《古尊宿語要》代詞助詞研究 (Studies on Pronouns and Particles in the Guzunsu Yuyao). Wuhan: Wuhan Daxue Chubanshe, 1998.

Lynn, Richard John. “The Sudden and the Gradual in Chinese Poetry Criticism: An Examination of the Ch’an-Poetry Analogy.” In Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought, edited by Peter N. Gregory, 381–427. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1987.

McRae, John, R. “The Antecedents of Encounter Dialogue in Chinese Ch’an Buddhism.” In The Koan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, edited by Steven Heine and Dale S. Wright, 46–74. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

McRae, John, R. “Encounter Dialogue and the Transformation of the Spiritual Path in Chinese Ch’an.” In Paths to Liberations: The Mārga and Its Transformations in Buddhist Thought, edited by Robert E. Buswell Jr. and Robert M. Gimello, 339–69. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1992.

Miura, Isshu, and Ruth Fuller Sasaki. Zen Dust: The History of the Koan and Koan Study in Rinzai Zen. Kyoto: First Zen Institute of America in Japan, 1966.

Miura, Isshu, and Ruth Fuller Sasaki. The Zen Koan: Its History and Use in Rinzai Zen. San Diego and New York: A Harvest/HBJ Book, 1965.

Olson, Carl. “Beatings, Shouts, and Finger Raising: A Study in Zen Language.” Journal of Religious Studies 10, no. 2 (1983): 45–50.

Otsu, Daizokutsu R. The Bull and Its Herdsman: A Zen Story from Ancient China. Translated by Irmgard Schloegl. London: Zen Centre, 1989.

Ouyang Yizhang 歐陽宜璋. Biyan Ji De Yuyan Fengge Yanjiu: Yi Goucifa Wei Zhongxin 碧巖集的語言風格研究－以構詞法為中心 (A Study on the Linguistic Style of the Blue Cliff Record: Focusing on Morphology). Xindian, Taiwan: Yuanming Chubanshe, 1994.

Pa, Hu-t’ien. “On Chan Didactics: Principle and Structure of the Kung-an (koan).” Chinese Culture 25, no. 3 (1984): 43–52.

Pi Chaogang 皮朝綱. Chanzong Meixue Shigao 禪宗美學史稿 (Manuscript on the History of Esthetics in Chan Buddhism). Chengdu: Dianzi Keji Daxue Chubanshe, 1994.

Red Pine (Bill Porter), trans. The Zen Works of Stonehouse: Poems and Talks of a Fourteenth-Century Chinese Hermit. San Francisco: Mercury House, 1999.

Schlütter, Morten. “‘Before the Empty Eon’ Versus ‘A Dog Has No Buddha Nature’: Kung-an Use in the Ts’ao-tung Tradition and Ta-hui’s Kung-an Introspection Ch’an.” In The Koan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, edited by Steven Heine and Dale S. Wright, 168–99. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Schlütter, Morten. “‘Who Is Reciting the Name of the Buddha?’ as Gongan in Chinese Chan Buddhism.” Frontiers of History in China 8, no. 3 (2013): 366–88.

Schmidt, J. D. “Ch’an, Illusion, and Sudden Enlightenment in the Poetry of Yang Wan Li.” T’oung Pao 60, nos. 4–5 (1974): 230–81.

Seaton, Jerome P., and Dennis Maloney, eds. A Drifting Boat: An Anthology of Chinese Zen Poetry. New York: White Pine Press, 1994.

Sharf, Robert H. “How to Think with Chan Gong’an.” In Thinking with Cases: Specialist Knowledge in Chinese Cultural History, edited by Charlotte Furth, Judith T. Zeitlin, and Ping-chen Hsiung, 213–14. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2007.

Sheng-Yen. The Poetry of Enlightenment: Poems by Ancient Ch’an Masters. Elmhurst, NY: Dharma Drum Publications, 1987.

Shu Zhiqiang 疏志強. Chanzong Xiuci Yanjiu 禪宗修辭研究 (Rhetorical Studies of Chan). Jinan: Shandong Wenyi Chubanshe, 2008.

Stryk, Lucien, and Takashi Ikemoto, trans. Zen Poems of China and Japan: The Crane’s Bill. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 1973.

Sun Changwu 孫昌武. Chansi yu shiqing 禪思與詩情 (The Thought of Chan and Poetic Feelings). Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1997.

Suzuki, D. T. The Zen Koan as a Means of Attaining Enlightenment. Boston: Charles E. Tuttle, 1994.

Toda Teisuke. “Figure Painting and Ch’an-Priest Painters in the Late Yuan.” In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Chinese Painting, 391–404. Taibei: National Palace Museum, 1970.

Tseng, Ming-Yu. “Space Metaphor as a Signifying Force in Chan Poems.” American Journal of Semiotics 23, nos. 1/4 (2007): 221–41.

Wang Runji 王閏吉. Zutang Ji Yuyan Wenti Yanjiu 祖堂集語言問題研究 (Studies in the Issues of Language of the Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Beijing: Zhongguo Shehui Kexue Chubanshe, 2012.

Watson, Burton. “Zen Poetry.” In Zen: Tradition and Transition, edited by Kenneth Kraft, 105–23. New York: Grove Press, 1988.

Wawrytko, Sandra A. “The Poetics of Ch’an: Upayic Poetry and Its Taoist Enrichment.” Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal, no. 5 (1992): 341–75.

Welter, Albert. “Mahākāśyapa’s Smile: Silent Transmission and the Kung-an (Koan) Tradition.” In The Koan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, edited by Steven Heine and Dale S. Wright, 75–100. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Wright, Dale S. “The Discourse of Awakening: Rhetorical Practice in Classical Chan Buddhism.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 61, no. 1 (1993): 23–40.

Wright, Dale S. “Koan History: Transformative Language in Chinese Buddhist Thought.” In The Kōan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, edited by Steven Heine and Dale S. Wright, 200–12. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Wu Yansheng 吳言生. Chanzong Shige Jingjie 禪宗詩歌境界 (The Significant World of Chan Poetry). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2001.

Wu Yi 吳怡. “Chanzong Gong’an Wenda De Shige Jiben Geshi 禪宗公案問答的十個基本格式 (Ten Basic Patterns of Question and Answer in Chan Gong’an).” In Zhongguo Zhexue De Shengming He Fangfa 中國哲學的生命和方法, 69–81. Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gongsi, 1981.

Wu Yi 吳怡. Gong’an Chanyu 公案禪語 (The Public Cases and the Language of Chan). Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gongsi, 1979.

Xu Jinfu 徐進夫, ed. Chanlin Qingyun 禪林清韻 (Pure Rhymes of the Chan Forest). Taibei: Xin Wenfeng Chuban Gongsi, 1979.

Xu Mingqian 徐銘謙. “Yi Biyan Zuo Foshi: Bei Song Wenzi Chan Yundong Liuyan Kao 以筆硯作佛事:北宋文字禪運動流衍考 (Using Pens to Do Buziness for Buddhism: Examinations on the Development of the Movement of Letter Chan in Northern Song).” PhD diss., National Central University, Taiwan, 2012.

Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. “Goroku no rekishi: Zen bunken no seiritsu shiteki kenkyū 語錄の歷史:禪文獻の成立史的研究 (History of Recorded Sayings: A Study on the History of the Formation of Chan Texts).” Tōhō gakuhō 東方學報 57 (1985): 211–663.

Yanagida Seizan 柳田聖山. “The ‘Recorded Sayings’ Texts of Chinese Ch’an Buddhism.” Translated by John McRae. In Early Ch’an in China and Tibet, edited by Whalen Lai and Lewis Lancaster, 185–205. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.

Yang, Huinan 楊惠南. Chansi Yu Chanshi: Yinyong Zai Chanshi De Milinli 禅思與禅詩:吟詠在禅詩的密林裏 (The Thought of Chan and the Poetry of Chan: Reciting in the Forest of Chan Poems). Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gufen Youxian Gongsi, 1999.

Yan Yamei 嚴雅美. Pomo Xianrentu Yanjiu: Jianlun Songyuan Chanzong Huihua 潑墨仙人圖研究－兼論宋元禪宗繪畫 (Studies on the Ink Paintings about Hermits: Chan Paintings in Song and Yuan). Taibei: Fagu Wenhua, 2000.

Yu Gu 于谷. Chanzong Yuyan He Wenxiang 禪宗語言和文獻 (The Language and Texts of the Chan School). Nanchang: Jiangxi Renmin Chubanshe, 1995.

Zhang Jiemo 張節末. Chanzong Meixue 禅宗美學 (Chan Esthetics). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe, 1999.

Zhang Meilan 張美蘭. Chanzong Yuyan Gailun 禅宗語言概論 (A General Study on Chan Language). Taibei: Wunan Tushu Chuban Youxian Gongsi. 1998.

Zhang Meilan. Zutang Ji Yufa Yanjiu 祖堂集語法研究 (The Grammatical Study of the Patriarch’s Hall Collection). Beijing: Shangwu Yinshu Guan, 2003.

Zhang Pengli 張鵬麗. Tangsong Chanzong Yulu Yiwenju Yanjiu 唐宋禪宗語錄疑問句研究 (Studies on Interogative Sentences in Chan Recorded Sayings of Tang and Song). Hanzhou: Zejiang Daxue Chubanshe, 2014.

Zhaowei 趙偉. Wanming Kuangchan Sichao Yu Wenxue Sixiang Yanjiu 晚明狂禪思潮與文學思想研究 (Studies in the Thought of Mad Chan and Literary Thought in Late Ming). Chengdu: Bashu Shushe, 2007.

Zhou Yukai 周裕鍇. Chanzong Yuyan 禪宗語言 (The Language of the Chan School). Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe. 1999.

Zhou Yukai 周裕鍇. Chanzong Yuyan Yanjiu Rumen 禪宗語言研究入門 (Introduction to the Study of Chan Language). Shanghai: Fudan Daxue Chubanshe, 2009.

Zhou Yukai 周裕鍇. Zhongguo Chanzong Yu Shige 中國禪宗與詩歌 (Chinese Chan Buddhism and Poetry). GaoXiong: Liwen Wenhua Gongsi, 1994.

Zhou Yukai 周裕鍇. Wenzi Chan Yu Songdai Shixue 文字禪與宋代詩學 (Letter Chan and the Poetics of Song). Beijing: Gaodeng Jiaoyu Chubanshe, 1998.

Zhu Gang 朱剛 and Chen Yu 陳珏. Songdai Chanseng Shi Jikao 宋代禪僧詩輯考 (The Collection and Examination of Poems by Chan Monks in the Song Era). Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 2012.

Zhu Ziqing 朱自清. “Chanjia de Yuyan 禪家的語言 (On Chan Language).” In Lun Yasu Gongshang 論雅俗共賞, 87–91. Shanghai: Guancha She, 1948.

Studies on Sects/Schools and Lineages

Barrett, Timothy H. “Kill the Patriarchs!” The Buddhist Forum 1 (1990): 87–97.

Du Hanfeng 杜寒風. Wantang Linjizong Sixiang Shuping 晚唐臨濟宗思想述評 (A Study on the Thought of the Linji School in the Late Tang dynasty). Taibei: Foguang Chubanshe, 1996.

Faure, Bernard. The Will to Orthodoxy: A Critical Genealogy of Northern Chan Buddhism. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1997.

Foulk, T. Griffith. “The Ch’an Tsung in Medieval China: School, Lineage, or What?” Pacific World, n.s., 8 (1992): 18–31.

Han Chuanqiang 韓傳強. Chanzong Beizong Yanjiu 禪宗北宗研究 (Studies in the Northern School of Chan). Beijing: Zongjiao Wenhua Chubanshe, 2013.

Hanson-Barber, A. W. “No-Thought in Pao-T’ang Ch’an and Early Ati-Yoga.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 8, no. 2 (1985): 61–73.

Hirai Shun’ei 平井俊榮. “The School of Mount Niu-t’ou and the School of the Pao-T’ang Monastery.” Translated by Silvio Vita. Philosophy East and West 37, nos. 1–4 (1987): 337–72.

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Studies on Figures

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Huang, Yi-hsun. “Chan Master Xuedou and His Remarks on Old Cases in the Record of Master Xuedou at Dongting: A Preliminary Study.” Chung-hwa Buddhist Journal 22 (2009): 69–96.

Huang, Yi-hsun. “Huayan Thought in Yanshou’s Guanxin Xuanshu: Six Characteristics and Ten Profound Gates.” In Reflecting Mirrors: Perspectives on Huayan Buddhism, edited by Imre Hamar, 241–59. Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007.

Huang, Yi-hsun. Integrating Chinese Buddhism: A Study of Yongming Yanshou’s Guanxin Xuanshu. Taibei: Dharma Drum Publishing Corporation, 2005.

Huang, Yi-hsun. “A Study of the Development of Yongjia Xuanjue’s Biographies: With a Focus on Their Relationship to the Concept of School (zong宗) in Chinese Buddhism.” Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal 23 (2010): 117–30.

Huang, Yi-hsun. “Yongming Yanshou Zhi Jingtu Famen: Yi Zhijue Chanshi Zixing Lu Wei Zhongxin 永明延壽之淨土法門－以《智覺禪師自行錄》為中心 (Yongming Yanshou’s Teaching of Pureland: Focusing on the Record of the Self Practice of Master Zhijue).” In Ran Yunhua Xiansheng Bazhi Huadan Shouqing Lunwen Ji 冉雲華先生八秩華誕壽慶論文集, edited by Wang Sanqing 王三慶, 329–53. Taibei: Faguang Chubanshe, 2003.

Hu Jianming 胡健明. Zongmi Sixiang Zonghe Yanjiu 宗密思想綜合研究 (A Comprehensive Study of Zongmi’s Thought). Beijing: Zhongguo Renming Daxue Chubanshe, 2013.

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Hu Shunping 胡順萍. Yongming Yanshou “Yixin” Sixiang Zhi Neihan Yaoyi Yu Lilun Jiangou 永明延壽 “一心” 思想之內涵要義與理論建構 (The Essential Meanings and Theoretical Construction of Yongming Yanshou’s Thought of One Mind). Taibei: Wanjuanlou Tushu Gongsi, 2004.

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Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. “Fuyō Dōkai to Tanka Shijun 芙蓉道楷と丹霞子淳 (Furong Daokai and Danxia Zichun).” Komazawa daigaku bukkyō gakubu ronshū 3 (1972): 67–81.

Ishii Shūdō 石井修道. “Wanshi Shōgaku to Tendō Nyojō 宏智正覺と天童如淨 (Hongzhi Zhengjue and Tiantong Rujing).” In Sōdai no shakai to shūkyō 宋代の社會と宗教. edited by Sōdaishi kenkyūkai 宋代史研究會, 51–80. Tokyo: Kyūkō shoin, 1985.

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Studies on Monastic Institutions and Practices

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Lee Kit-wah 李潔華. “T’ang-Sung Ch’an-tsung chih ti-li fen-pu 唐宋禅宗之地理分佈 (The Geographical Spread of the Chan School in Tang and Song).” Hsin Ya Hsueh-pao 新亞學報 13 (1979): 211–362.

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Shahar, Meir. “‘Ancestral Transmission’ in Chinese Buddhist Monasteries: The Example of the Shaolin Temple.” In India in the Chinese Imagination: Myth, Religion, and Thought, edited by John Keischnick and Meir Shahar, 110–24. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.

Shahar, Meir. The Shaolin Monastery: History, Religion, and the Chinese Martial Arts. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2008.

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Welter, Albert. Monks, Rulers, and Literati: The Political Ascendancy of Chan Buddhism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

Xiao, Lihua 蕭麗華. Tangdai Shige Yu Chanxue 唐代詩歌與禪學 (The Poetry of the Age of Tang and the Study of Chan). Taibei: Dongda Tushu Gongsi. 1997.

Xie Siwei 謝思煒. Chanzong Yu Zhongguo Wenxue 禪宗與中國文學 (Chan Buddhism and Chinese Literature). Beijing: Zhongguo Shehui Kexue Chubanshe, 1993.

Xu Wenming 徐文明. Churu Zizai: Wang Anshi Yu Fochan 出入自在－王安石與佛禪 (Freely Coming in and out: Wang Anshi and Buddhism and Chan). Zhengzhou: Henan Renmin Chubanshe, 2001.

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