Abduh, M., 137-38 Abraham, 79, 173 agricultural rituals, 80-81 ancestor worship, 76 Arabs, 125, 132, 139 Ardjuna, 43, 264, 265-66, 268, 270, 272, 290-91 art
contemporary, 262, 302-308 classical, 260-88 Islamic, 155-58, 178 popular, 261-62, 289-302
Batara Guru, 81 betrothal, 53-54
Bima, 264, 266, 268, 270, 272-75 Brataséna; see Bima
calendar, 31-32, 38-39, 42, 52n, 77n, 380n
calendrical ceremonies, 77-81 chanting, 72 childbirth, 45—4-7
ceremony for, 47-49, 84 Childe, V. Gordon, 235 Chinese, 1, 2, 3, 103, 367, 372, 376 circumcision, 51-53 circumcisor, 51-52
“cleansing of the village” (ceremony), 82-83
conservatism vs. modernism, 112ff, 130, 139ff, 148ff,162-63, 177--80, 182-97, 221-24, 235-38
curers
belief in, 90-91, 95-96 Chinese, 103
personal characteristics of, 89-90 possessed, 99-103 techniques of, 9 Iff, 100-102 training of, 87 types, 86
Western trained, 105
dance, 156-57, 282-87, 296-300 Dar Ul Islam movement, 211 Déwi Sri, 8 In
death beliefs, 68, 70, 71, 72-76 detachment, 53, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74 Dewey, Alice, vii, ix disease
cure of, 91-95 theory of, 95-99 types of, 92, 97-99 divination
methods, 32-35, 81 occasions for, 31, 80, 91 divorce, 202, 203, 206 Djakasudana, 81 Djanaka; see Ardjuna Djokjakarta, Sultan of, 237 drama, 155, 262-80, 289-95, 302, 306-307 dreams, 76, 84 DuBois, C., 234
eternal retribution, 75
etiquette, 241ff
principles of, 243 linguistic, 248-60
Fagg, Donald, vii, ix fasting, 29, 220-24, 323-25 fate, Islamic concept of, 149, 150-52 folk-tales, 301-302
food symbolism, 39^10, 48-49, 50, 52, 78, 79
Foster, G. F., 227n, 228n “Freedom Day” (August 17th), 377-78
funerals, 68-72, 117-18 speech at, 71
Geertz, Hildred, vii, ix, 258n Gibb, H. A. R., 121, 137, 160, 199 Gonda, J., 239 von Grunebaum, G. E., 211
Hadith, 121-22, 158 Hari Raja; see Rijaja harvest specialist, 81 Hasjim, Wachid, 144 Hatch, R., ix Heine-Geldem, R., 23In Hendon, Jane, ix Hendon, Rufus, ix, 253n Heyne, K., 92n
Hindu-Buddhism, 228-29, 236-38 Hizbullah, 145 holidays, 374—81
Hurgronje, C. Snouck, 123-24, 125, 126
Idul Fitri, 173, 222; see also Rijaja
Idul Adha, 173
Islam
general summary, 121-23 law, 122, 129, 138-39, 199ff Five Pillars of, 122-24 Confession of Faith, 41 Meccan pilgrimage, 125, 133-34, 135, 177, 181, 204-205 tithe, 173-75, 223 prayers, 215-18, 221-22 fast, 220-24
Friday service, 215, 218-20 trust foundations, 179n, 201, 203 Indonesian form of, 127ff Indonesian history of, 131-47 community, concept of, 128-29 “conservative” and “modern,” 130, 133ff, 139ff, 148ff, 162-63, 177-80, 182-97, 221-24 and art, 155-58, 178 and education, 177-98 and politics, 135, 136, 139ff, 144— 47, 162ff, 207-10 and the state, 199ff, 207, 210-13 Islamic State, concept of, 211-14, 368
Japanese
occupation period, 142-44 attitude toward Islam, 143-44 Jay, Ann, ix Jay, Robert, vii, ix Judistira, 264, 266, 272-73 “Just King,” concept of, 330, 366
Kahin, G. McT., 350, 35In Koran, 121-22, 158-59 Koran teacher, 128-29, 134ff, 178ff Korawa, 264ff Kunst, J., 262n
Lebaran; see Rijaja
magical lore, 88-89 Mahabharata, 263, 269ff, 285 Mansoer, H., 144 marriage
ceremony, 53-61, 84, 117, 203 dress, 57 payments, 54, 56 specialist, 42
Masjumi, 144ff, 149, 153, 158, 162ff, 208-209, 221-24, 364, 366 “May First” (holiday), 376-77 medicine
Chinese, 103 herbal, 92-93 magical, 103-104 metallic, 94 patent, 104 Western, 105
menstruation, 44 midwife, 42 Millikan, Max, ix Ministry of Religion
national organization of, 200-201 local organization of, 202 functions of, 203-207 and Moslem political parties, 207-10
Modjokuto
settlement of, 131-33 population of, 1 agriculture in, 1-2 trade in, 1-3 bureaucracy in, 3-4 development of Islam in, 131-47 mosque, 180ff, 215-16 Muhammad, 39, 41, 78, 121 birthday of, 78, 159 Muhammadijah, 124, 126, 138ff, 145-
46, 148-49, 154,162ff, 192-97, 210, 221-24, 344, 367, 368, 378
music, 156, 278-80, 302-305 mutual aid, 61ff
mysticism, 46, 59, 91, 153-54, 155, 182-84, 269, 271-75, 281-82, 284, 286, 287, 309-38 teachers of, 311, 312, 313, 328-33, 343, 344, 345, 346, 348 theory of, 310-12, 315-16, 320-21, 327-28, 337-38, 342, 343-44, 345, 346
sects, 309, 330-32, 339-52 techniques of, 317, 322-26, 341, 343, 346, 348 uses of, 319, 349 and politics, 333-35, 349-52 myths
creation, 23 village founding, 27
Nahdatul Ulama, 128-29, 139ff, 145-
47, 148-49, 153, 158, 162ff, 188-90, 208-10, 212-13, 221-24, 366, 371
naming customs, 47-48, 84
“National Anthem Day” (holiday), 376
“Night of Power,” 79
Oliver, Douglas L., ix
Pantjasila, concept of, 115, 214, 352 Partai Indonesia Raja (PIR), 351-52 Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI), 376-77
Partai Nasional Indonesia (PNI), 213-14, 236-37, 352, 364 Partai Sarekat Islam Indonesia (PSII), 144—45, 162, 191-92, 210, 222 Pendawa, 264ff, 285 Permai, 112-18, 364 Pigeaud, Th., 4n, 262n poetry, 280-82
political parties, 112ff, 126, 128-29, 135, 136, 139ff, 144-47, 148-49,158,162ff, 188-90, 190-91, 191-92, 207ff, 335, 351-52, 364, 366, 371, 376-77 possession, 19-21 prayer house, 18 Iff, 215-16 pregnancy ceremony, 38-44 puppeteer, 42, 262-67
Rachman, Abdur, ix Ramayana, 263 Ryan, Anola, ix Ryan, Edward, vii, ix Redfield, R., 227 reincarnation, 75
religious conflict, 113-14, 127-28, 140-42, 148ff, 154, 175-76, 198, 223, 336, 355-81 religious officials
sub-district, 55-56, 139-40, 202 village, 56, 68ff, 206-207 rice marriage ceremony, 81 Rijaja, 222, 224, 379-81; see also Idul Fitri ritual feasts
described, 12-14, 77ff interpretation of, 14-15, 79-81 types of, 11, 3Off, 38ff, 77-79, 82-83, 84-85
ritual feasts (cont.) costs, 36-37, 61-67 class variations in, 67
Salim, H. Agus, 136 Sardjito, Dr., ix
Sarekat Islam (SI), 126, 135, 136, 190-91
schools.
pondok, 125, 134, 135, 177ff, 185— 87, 203, 209
madrasah, 137, 187-90, 203, 209-
modernized religious, 138, 173, 190-97, 210 secular, 4, 197-98, 287 Schriebe, B., 357
Semar, 23, 264, 265-66, 275-78, 285, 290-91
Seno-Sastroamidjojo, R. M., 92n seventh-month birthday ceremony, 49-50
shadow-play, 155, 262-80, 302 plots of 263-66 interpretations of, 267-78 performance, 267-69 characters in, 264 ritual significance of, 268-69 social stratification
gentry ví. peasantry, 227ff system of, 229-31 changes in, 259-60 Soemimihardjo, x sorcery, 74, 96, 106-11
practitioners of, 106-107, 110 defense against, 107, 110 methods of, 107, 109, 110 types of, 107-108 reasons for, 110 spells, 43, 45, 46, 47, 59, 93, 94 spirit beliefs types, 16ff “frighteners,” 17-18 possessing, 19-21 familiar, 21 guardian, 23, 26 guardian, of the village, 82-83 place, 24
offerings to, 20, 21, 25, 52 interpretation of, 28-29 spirit siblings, 46 Snara Rakjat, 370 Sufisim, 154-55, 182-84 Sunan Kalidjaga, 39, 325-26 Suwanto, ix
Taman Siswa, 287 textile design, 287-88 theosophy, 340-42 Tisnawati, 81
Tjokroaminoto, H. O. S., 136, 373 Toynbee, A., 235 transvestitism, 291-92
Weber, M., 231