Endnotes to Chapter 18

1 Erik Nielsen, 1985, Memorandum to Cabinet: Report of the Ministerial Task Force on Native Programs, https://www.scribd.com/document/330654416/Memo-to-Cabinet-on-Native-Programs-Buffalo-Jump-of-1980-s-April-12-1985

2 ISC (Indigenous Services Canada), 2017, A New Approach: Co-development of a New Fiscal Relationship, 2, https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/DAM/DAM-INTER-HQ-ACH/STAGING/texte-text/reconciliation_new_fiscal_rel_approach_1512565483826_eng.pdf.

3 Prime Minister’s Office, New Ministers to support the renewed relationship with Indigenous Peoples, August 28, 2017, http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/08/28/new-ministers-support-renewed-relationship-indigenous-peoples.

4 Nielsen, 1985, 19.

5 Gloria Galloway, 2017, “Ottawa to give 10-year grants to First Nations, with less reporting on how money is spent,” The Globe and Mail, December 28, 2017, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/feds-to-give-10-year-grants-to-first-nations-with-less-reporting-on-how-money-is-spent/article37438522/.

6 Nielsen, 1985, 9.

7 Ibid., 8.

8 ISC 2017, 8.

9 Ibid.

10 Government of Canada, Budget Plan 2018–19, p 145–146, https://www.budget.gc.ca/2018/home-accueil-en.html

11 Employment and Social Development Canada, 2018, Media Release: Assembly of First Nations, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami and Métis National Council announce the first Indigenous Early Learning and Child Care Framework, September 17, 2018, https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/news/2018/09/government-of-canada-assembly-of-first-nations-inuit-tapiriit-kanatami-and-metis-national-council-announce-the-first-indigenous-early-learning-and-.html

12 Rachel Gilmore, “Philpott unveils ambitious to-do list for new Indigenous Services department,” ipolitics, January 23, 2018, https://ipolitics.ca/2018/01/23/philpott-unveils-ambitious-list-new-indigenous-services-department/

13 The 2018 and 2019 budgets announced $4.757B and $4.730B respectively in new Indigenous program spending over five years. Government of Canada, Budget 2018 Chapter 3-Reconciliation, https://www.budget.gc.ca/2018/docs/plan/budget-2018-en.pdf ; Budget 2019, Chapter 3-Advancing Reconciliation, , https://budget.gc.ca/2019/docs/plan/chap-03-en.html.

14 Nielsen, 1985, E:42, 35.

15 Ibid., E:7, 21.

16 Hayden King, and Shiri Pasternak, 2018, Canada’s Emerging Indigenous Rights Framework: A Critical Analysis, Yellowhead Institute, 9.

17 Jorge Barrera, “First Nations leaders react with caution to Justin Trudeau’s Indigenous rights plan,” CBC News, February 14, 2018, http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/first-nations-reaction-trudeau-indigenous-rights-plan-1.4536098.

18 Ibid.

19 Registered Indian Population, Household and Family Projections, 2009–2034, Strategic Analysis Directorate, INAC, 2012.

20 Ibid.

21 Marcia Nickerson, 2017, Characteristics of a Nation-to-Nation Relationship: Discussion Paper, Institute on Governance, 29.

22 Implementation of comprehensive land claims and self-government agreements: A handbook for the use of federal officials, INAC, 2003, 15.

23 Ibid., 14.

24 INAC Ministerial Transition Book: 2015, Northern Context: Co-management of Northern Resources, https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1450197908882/1450197959844.

25 Ibid.

26 Thomas King, 2012, The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America, Anchor Canada, 218.

27 Ibid., 216.

28 Arthur Manuel, and Ronald Derrickson, 2017, The Reconciliation Manifesto: Recovering the Land, Rebuilding the Economy, James Lorimer and Company, 204.

29 Implementation, 2003.

30 Ibid., 26.

31 Ibid., 33.

32 Ibid., 24.

33 Ibid., 32–33.

34 Ibid., 36.

35 Russell Diabo, “When moving past the Indian Act means something worse,” Policy Options, September 22, 2017. http://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/september-2017/when-moving-past-the-indian-act-means-something-worse/.

36 Manuel and Derrickson, 141.

37 Ibid., 147.

38 Cliff Atleo Jr., “Unsettling Canada: A review,” Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2016, 75.

39 Jody Wilson-Raybould and Tim Raybould, 2012, BCAFN Governance Toolkit: A guide to Nation Building, Part 3: A Guide to Community Engagement, British Columbia Assembly of First Nations, 14.

40 Budget 2019, Government of Canada, Chapter 3-Advancing Reconciliation, https://budget.gc.ca/2019/docs/plan/chap-03-en.html.