CONTENTS

Preface

PART I: ON MEMORY AND RECOLLECTION

Chapter 1: Memory and Imagination

• Reading Guidelines

• The Greek Heritage

˜ Plato: The Present Representation of an Absent Thing

˜ Aristotle: “Memory Is of the Past”

• A Phenomenological Sketch of Memory

• Memories and Images

Chapter 2: The Exercise of Memory: Uses and Abuses

• Reading Guidelines

• The Abuses of Artificial Memory: The Feats of Memorization

• The Abuses of Natural Memory: Blocked Memory, Manipulated Memory, Abusively Controlled Memory

˜ The Pathological-Therapeutic Level: Blocked Memory

˜ The Practical Level: Manipulated Memory

˜ The Ethico-Political Level: Obligated Memory

Chapter 3: Personal Memory, Collective Memory

• Reading Guidelines

• The Tradition of Inwardness

˜ Augustine

˜ Locke

˜ Husserl

• The External Gaze: Maurice Halbwachs

• Three Subjects of the Attribution of Memories: Ego, Collectives, Close Relations

PART II: HISTORY, EPISTEMOLOGY

Prelude: History: Remedy or Poison?

Chapter 1: The Documentary Phase: Archived Memory

• Reading Guidelines

• Inhabited Space

• Historical Time

• Testimony

• The Archive

• Documentary Proof

Chapter 2: Explanation/Understanding

• Reading Guidelines

• Promoting the History of Mentalities

• Some Advocates of Rigor: Michel Foucault, Michel de Certeau, Norbert Elias

• Variations in Scale

• From the Idea of Mentality to That of Representation

˜ The Scale of Efficacy or of Coerciveness

˜ The Scale of Degrees of Legitimation

˜ The Scale of Nonquantitative Aspects of Social Times

• The Dialectic of Representation

Chapter 3: The Historian’s Representation

• Reading Guidelines

• Representation and Narration

• Representation and Rhetoric

• The Historian’s Representation and the Prestige of the Image

• Standing For

PART III: THE HISTORICAL CONDITION

Prelude: The Burden of History and the Nonhistorical

Chapter 1: The Critical Philosophy of History

• Reading Guidelines

• “Die Geschichte Selber,” “History Itself”

• “Our” Modernity

• The Historian and the Judge

• Interpretation in History

Chapter 2: History and Time

• Reading Guidelines

• Temporality

˜ Being-toward-Death

˜ Death in History

• Historicity

˜ The Trajectory of the Term Geschichtlichkeit

˜ Historicity and Historiography

• Within-Timeness: Being-“in”-Time

˜ Along the Path of the Inauthentic

˜ Within-Timeness and the Dialectic of Memory and History

• Memory, Just a Province of History?

• Memory, in Charge of History?

• The Uncanniness of History

˜ Maurice Halbwachs: Memory Fractured by History

˜ Yerushalmi: “Historiography and Its Discontents”

˜ Pierre Nora: Strange Places of Memory

Chapter 3: Forgetting

• Reading Guidelines

• Forgetting and the Effacing of Traces

• Forgetting and the Persistence of Traces

• The Forgetting of Recollection: Uses and Abuses

˜ Forgetting and Blocked Memory

˜ Forgetting and Manipulated Memory

˜ Commanded Forgetting: Amnesty

Epilogue: Difficult Forgiveness

• The Forgiveness Equation

˜ Depth: The Fault

˜ Height: Forgiveness

• The Odyssey of the Spirit of Forgiveness: The Passage through Institutions

˜ Criminal Guilt and the Imprescriptible

˜ Political Guilt

˜ Moral Guilt

• The Odyssey of the Spirit of Forgiveness: The Stage of Exchange

˜ The Economy of the Gift

˜ Gift and Forgiveness

• The Return to the Self

˜ Forgiving and Promising

˜ Unbinding the Agent from the Act

• Looking Back over an Itinerary: Recapitulation

˜ Happy Memory

˜ Unhappy History?

˜ Forgiveness and Forgetting

Notes

Works Cited

Index