Index

• Abbiocco, 52
• Aboriginal, 78, 92
• Acceptance, 31, 46, 99
• Adinnādānā, 88, 91
• Ádvaita, 115
• Aesthetics, 15–16, 63–66, 76, 110, 128
• Aficionado, 50, 75
• Agápē, 28, 74–75, 82–83, 90, 129
• Agency. See Self-determination
• Agglutination, 18, 46
• Ahiṃsā, 88
• Ājīva, 88
• Akrásia, 109
• Alétheia, 105
• Aloha, 92
• America. See United States
• Amour de soi, 78
• Amour fou, 80
• Amour propre, 78
• Ânanda, 55
• Anánkē, 81, 95, 129
• Anātman, 64, 116, 120
• Anatta. See Anātman
• Anger, 11, 39, 107
• Anicca. See Anitya
• Anitya, 15, 63–64, 66, 120
• Anticipation, 59, 67, 128
• Aperitif, 84
• Aphaíresis, 67
• Aphrodite, 115
• Appamada. See Apramāda
• Appreciation, 41, 49–51, 54, 63–67, 74–77, 100, 110–111, 121, 125, 128
• Apramāda, 103
• Arabic, 20–21, 52, 54, 60, 86, 90–93, 107
• Arahant. See Arhat
• Arbejdsglæde, 48
• Areté, 101
• Arhat, 102
• Aristotle, 30, 53, 77–78, 99, 101, 104, 109, 131–132
• Aroha, 89, 92
• Arrangiarsi, 110
• Art, 10, 16, 51, 54, 63–67, 84, 128
• Asabiyyah, 93
• Āsana, 118
• Ashtangika, 87
• Asteya, 88
• Ataraxia, 45–46
• Ātman, 115–116, 120
• Attā. See Ātman
• Attachment, 46, 55, 64, 87, 121
• Attention, 15–16, 42, 44–45, 50, 58, 65, 72, 117, 136
• Atthangika. See Ashtangika
• Aufheben, 119
• Aútexoúsios, 109
• Authenticity, 72, 97, 113
• Autonomy. See Self-determination
• Avihiṃsā. See Ahiṃsā
• Avos, 60
• Awakening. See Bodhi
• Awareness. See Consciousness
• Azart, 54

• Balinese, 52
• Bantu, 82
• Bashō, Matsuo, 51, 66–67
• Basque, 13
• Beatitude, 55
• Beauty. See Aesthetics
• Bhakti, 83, 118
• Bhāvana, 118
• Bīja, 87
• Bildung, 111
• Bildungsroman, 111
• Binah, 114
• Bliss, 8–9, 40–41, 51, 53–55, 57, 67
• Bodhi, 42, 56, 88, 101–102, 121
• Borrowing. See Loanwords
• Botellón, 84
• Brahman, 28, 82, 113–116
• Brahmavihārā, 82
• Brav, 102
• Buddhism
  • ambivalent feelings, 63–67
  • Buddha, 42–43, 86–87, 101–102, 111, 116, 137
  • character, 101–103
  • eightfold path (see Ashtangika)
  • ethics, 87–88, 91
  • love, xi, 77, 82, 88, 90, 118, 136, 138
  • metaphysics, 64–67, 86–87, 116–122
  • origins, 42–52
  • personal interest, ix–xii
  • positive feelings, ix–x, 41, 51, 55–56, 67, 87–88, 116, 125–126
  • prosociality, 26, 44, 47, 86–88, 90–91, 103, 116, 118, 121
  • in the West, 42–45, 112, 128
  • Zen, 43, 45, 64–66, 107, 128
• Byt, 113
• Bytie, 113

• Calm, 41–42, 45–46, 49, 67, 91–94, 117, 125–127
• Calque, xiv, 22, 43, 137
• Care, 47, 74–78, 83, 85, 102–103, 118–119, 129, 132
• Cartography
  • boundary principle, 6–7, 78, 121, 127
  • cross-cultural differences, 2, 7, 12–30
  • dimensionality principle, 4–9, 26
  • granularity, xiii–xiv, 2, 4, 10–11, 19, 24, 28, 40–41, 51, 75, 84, 98, 126–127, 136, 138
  • guidance principle, 2–4, 11, 15–16, 24, 58
  • network principle, 7–10, 15, 25–26, 28, 31, 44
• Catalan, 91
• Catvāri āryasatyāni, 86
• Chán, 43
• Charis, 55
• Chinese
  • ambivalent feelings, ix, 28, 57–59, 100, 128
  • character, 100, 103
  • China, ix–xii, 32, 42–43, 57, 119, 128
  • loanwords, 21, 28, 57–59, 100, 119
  • positive feelings, 44–47, 51
  • prosociality, 51, 90
  • spirituality, ix, 28, 57–59, 100, 111, 115, 119
• Chokmah, 114
• Chōros, 76, 94, 129
• Christianity, 55, 87, 100, 115–120
• Chutzpah, 108
• Citta, 44, 87
• Climate, 13, 16, 19, 46
• Cognition, 72. See also Attention
• Collectivism, 72, 94, 119
• Communication. See Interaction
• Community, x–xii, 9, 12, 16, 33, 70–71, 77, 82–98, 112, 118, 129
• Compassion, 41, 62–63, 77, 82–84, 88–90, 95, 110, 129, 137
• Confucianism, 100, 103
• Congregating, 52, 74, 84–86, 95, 129
• Consciousness
  • conscious effort, 49, 102
  • conscious states, 5, 14
  • dynamics/stream of, 117, 120–121
  • emotional, 10–11, 40, 127
  • experiential, 4, 40, 42–44, 92, 110, 127, 136
  • group/participatory, 82, 93, 119
  • linguistic, xii
  • of others, 89, 102–103, 132
  • studies of, 4
  • of time, 65
• Considerateness, 100–103, 106, 109, 122, 131–132
• Constructionism/constructivism, 7, 38–39, 121, 127. See also Cartography
• Contemplation, x, 14, 46, 53–55, 66–67, 77, 80, 93, 113, 116–122, 132–133
• Contentment, 5–9, 27, 31–32, 41, 46–48, 51, 56, 67, 70, 84, 88, 99, 125–126
• Courage, xi, 100–101, 106
• Coziness, 41, 48–49, 67, 125, 135
• Craic, 51
• Craving. See Desire
• Creativity, 20, 80, 100
• Cwtch, 48
• Cynefin, 77

• Dadirri, 92
• Dāna, 88
• Danish, 47–48, 94, 135. See also Nordic
• Dasein, 105
• Das man, 97
• Dēmētēr, 115
• Desbundar, 53
• Desenrascanço, 110
• Desire, 45, 51, 61–62, 76–82, 87, 107, 115, 118
• Destiny. See Fate
• Detachment. See Attachment
• Development
  • child, 10–12, 40, 136
  • of granularity, xiii–xiv, 11, 24, 40–41, 51, 75, 127, 136–138
  • of interventions, 133–135, 138
  • of language, xiv, 18–24, 42, 73, 135
  • psychological, 14, 31, 34, 67, 88, 94–122, 124–125, 130–133
  • of psychology, 30–32
  • of psychometric scales, 133–135
  • spiritual, 88, 109, 119, 133 (see also Spirituality)
• Dhamma. See Dharma
• Dharma, 44, 87–88
• Dhyāna, 42–43
• Dialect, xiii, 12, 16, 21, 35, 42, 139
• Dialectics, 56–60, 63, 72, 128
• Divine. See Spirituality
• Duende, 54, 56, 63, 75
• Dugnad, 94
• Duḥkha, 56, 64, 86–87, 121
• Dukkha. See Duḥkha
• Duša, 61
• Dutch, 21, 47–48, 52, 90, 107

• East, the, x, 44, 47, 55, 72, 117, 128, 137
• Ecstasy, 41, 52–56
• Ego, 108
• Ein sof, 114
• Ekman, Paul, 24, 38–41, 48, 78, 127
• Ekstasis. See Ecstasy
• Elohim, 115
• Emotional granularity, xiii–xiv, 11, 24, 40–41, 51, 75, 127, 136–138
• Empathy. See Compassion
• Employment, 16, 34, 48, 70, 88
• Ēn, 90
• Energy, 106–108, 111
• Engelengeduld, 107
• England. See United Kingdom
• English
  • borrowing generally, xiv, 19–24, 26, 136
  • borrowing from specific languages (see various languages)
  • enriching maps, 34, 69, 73, 123–124, 127
  • eras, 20
  • etymologies, 47–48, 52–55, 81, 89–90, 112, 115
  • influence on psychology, 31
  • lexical complexity, 18–19
  • origins, 19–22, 136
  • as reference point, 16, 35, 42
• Enjoyment, 5, 39, 41, 48–51, 54–55, 61, 85, 111, 127
• Enlightenment. See Bodhi
• Enraonar, 91
• Enthousiasmos, 50, 52
• Epistēmē, 104
• Epithymía, 76, 79, 95, 106, 129
• Equality, 71, 84
• Ereignis, 105
• Érōs, 74–77, 94, 115, 129
• Erschlossenheit, 105
• Eskimo, 17–19, 46, 59
• Ethics, 26, 44, 52–53, 62, 76–77, 83–90, 95, 101, 103, 109, 111, 129
• Eudaimonia, 30–31, 47, 53, 55, 99, 124–125, 131
• Eunoia, 110
• Euphoría, 41, 51–56, 82, 126–127
• Excitement, 41, 54, 61, 79

• Family, 9, 47, 70–71, 74, 77–80, 85, 93–94, 98, 129, 133
• Fate, 46–47, 59–61, 81, 92, 95, 129
• Fein, 101
• Fernweh, 62
• Fiero, 41, 48
• Fijian, 91–92
• Fingerspitzengefühl, 110
• Finnish, xi, 71, 94, 107. See also Nordic
• Firgun, 90
• Flâner, 50–51
• Folkelig, 94
• Fortune. See Fate
• Fremdschämen, 89
• Fremdwörter, 21–23, 136
• French, 20–22, 50–55, 78–81, 84, 109–111, 126
• Friendship, xi, 49, 70–71, 77–85, 93–94, 125. See also Philia
• Frimousse, 80
• Fukinsei, 66
• Fun, 41, 51–52, 67, 84, 126

• Gaelic, 51
• Gaia, 114
• Gaman, 107
• Ganbaru, 107
• Ganzheit, 104–105
• Gastwörter, 21–23, 136
• Geborgenheit, 49
• Geertz, Clifford, 52, 72, 93
• Gemilut hasadim, 82
• Gemütlichkeit, 49
• Generosity, 83, 88, 101
• Genki, 111
• Geography, 3–4, 6, 8, 11–13, 16, 18
• German
  • ambivalent feelings, 27, 35, 59–63, 108, 135
  • character, 97, 101–105, 108, 110–111
  • loanwords, 19–20, 41, 62, 101, 104–105, 108, 111
  • love, 26
  • positive feelings, 45
  • prosociality, 89
  • proto-Germanic, 19–20, 48, 79, 115
  • spirituality, 119
• Gestalt, 104–105
• Gevurah, 114
• Geworfenheit, 105
• Gezellig, 47–48
• Gigil, 80
• Goals, 70–72, 91, 106–107
• God. See Spiritual being
• Golden mean, 104, 132
• Golden rule, 103
• Gōng fu, 119
• Grace, 55, 66, 101, 110
• Granularity. See Emotional granularity; Cartography
• Gratitude, 50, 64, 73, 92, 100, 118
• Greek
  • ambivalent feelings, 67
  • character, 30–31, 47, 53, 55, 99, 101, 104, 107–110, 124–125, 131, 144
  • loanwords, 20–22, 30–31, 41, 47, 51–56, 62, 72, 74–77, 80, 82, 89, 94, 99, 115, 124–127, 129, 131
  • love, 28, 74–83, 90, 94–95, 106
  • mythology, 114–115
  • positive feelings, 41, 45–46, 51–56, 82, 126–127
  • prosociality, 83
  • spirituality, 67, 114–115
• Grit, 100, 106–108
• Grounded theory, 33–34, 124, 135
• Guān xì, 51, 90
• Guò yǐn, 51
• Gunnen, 90
• Guru, 83

• Hachnasat orchim, 83
• Háidēs, 115
• Halal, 86
• Hallelujah, 118
• Han, 60
• Happiness, 10, 30, 32, 37, 40, 46–48, 55, 60, 82, 88, 90, 92, 103, 128
• Harmony, 91–93
• Hatha, 118
• Havruta, 77
• Hawaiian, 50, 92
• Health, 32, 34, 53, 70–71, 73, 86, 92, 97, 111
• Hebrew, 77–78, 82–86, 89–90, 92, 111, 114, 118
• Heimlich, 49
• Hésed, 82, 114
• Hinduism, 26, 55–56, 80–83, 100, 113, 115
• Hiraeth, 61, 76
• Hod, 114
• Holarchy, 8–10, 28, 31, 98
• Hominess. See Coziness
• Hope, 31, 59–61, 67, 82, 100, 128
• Hopi, 13, 93
• Hospitality, 83, 91
• Hózhǫ́, 93
• Hugfanginn, 50
• Huron, 107
• Hygge, 47–48, 135
• Hypomonē, 107

• Icelandic, 50, 59. See also Nordic
• Id, 108
• Identity. See Self-identity
• Ikigai, 75, 111
• Iktsuarpok, 59
• Impermanence. See Anitya
• Individualism, 31, 72–73, 84, 97, 129–130
• Indo-European, 19, 42, 79
• Ineffability, 15, 58, 66
• Inequality. See Equality
• In sha’ Allah, 60
• Interaction, 6, 39, 84, 91–95, 129
• Interventions, 43, 45, 51, 53, 73, 105, 134, 136–138
• Inuit. See Eskimo
• Islam, 86, 91, 100
• Iṣṭadevatā, 118
• Italian, 21–22, 41, 46, 48, 50, 52, 60, 110

• Janteloven, 94
• Japanese
  • ambivalent feelings, 15, 65–67
  • character, 75, 102, 107, 110–111
  • loanwords, 21, 43, 45, 64–66, 107, 128
  • love, 81
  • positive feelings, 45, 51
  • prosociality, 89, 92
  • spirituality, 43, 45, 64–66, 107, 128
• Javanese, 93
• Jeito, 110
• Jhana. See Dhyāna
• Joie de vivre, 22, 50, 110–111, 147
• Jouissance, 54, 79, 126
• Joy, 5–9, 11, 41, 46, 51–54, 57, 59, 63, 67, 85, 90, 111, 126–127
• Judaism, 82, 85–86, 100, 103, 114–115

• Kabbalah, 114
• Kalyāṇa-mitratā, 77
• Kāmesu micchācāra, 88
• Kamma. See Karma
• Kammanta. See Karmānta
• Kanyininpa, 78
• Karma, 26, 44, 47, 87, 90, 103, 116, 118, 121
• Karmānta, 88
• Kartería, 107
• Karuṇā, 82
• Kashrut, 86
• Kefi, 52
• Keter, 114
• Khanda. See Skandha
• Khaos, 114
• Kilig, 79
• Kindness, xi, 55, 77, 82–84, 88–91, 95, 100, 114, 118, 129, 136
• Kintsugi, 65
• Knowledge. See Wisdom
• Koev halev, 89
• Koinōnía, 81, 95, 129
• Koi no yokan, 81
• Koko, 66
• Kokusaijin, 110
• Konfliktfähigkeit, 110
• Korean, 60
• Kos, 47–48
• Koyaanisqatsi, 93
• Kuài lè, 46–47
• Kvell, 78–79

• Lakṣaṇa, 64, 116
• Latin
  • ambivalent feelings, 63
  • character, 102, 108
  • love, 74, 79–80
  • loanwords, 20–22, 53, 55, 63, 74, 89, 102, 108, 113, 115, 118
  • positive feelings, 53, 55
  • prosociality, 86, 89
  • spirituality, 112–113, 115, 118
• L’chaim, 111
• Lehnwörter, 21–23, 136
• Lexical gap. See Semantic gap
• Lexicography, xii–xv, 34–35, 134–138
• Lǐ, 100
• Līlā, 80
• Linguistics, 2, 13–14, 23–26, 35, 40
• Livsnjutare, 111
• Loanwords
  • issues with, 24–26, 85
  • in language development, xiv, 19–24, 42, 135
  • loan translation (see Calque)
  • from specific languages (see various languages)
  • types of, 21–26
  • usefulness of, 23–24, 123, 135–136 (see also Semantic gaps)
• Logos, 104
• Longing, 27, 35, 60–62, 76, 79, 128
• Love, 2, 15, 24–28, 57, 63, 74–83, 94–95, 100, 124, 128–129
• Loving-kindness. See Maitrī
• Luck. See Fate
• Ludus. See Paixnidi

• Magari, 60
• Magga. See Mārga
• Mahābhūta, 120
• Mahalo, 50
• Maitrī, xi, 77, 82, 88, 118, 136, 138
• Majime, 102
• Makrothumeó, 107
• Malchut, 114
• Mamihlapinatapai, 79
• Mana, 76, 107
• Manaakitanga, 83
• Mana whenua, 76
• Mania, 74–75, 80–81, 95, 129
• Mantra, 118
• Māori, 76, 83, 89, 92
• Mapping. See Cartography
• Maraṇa smṛti, 118
• Mārga, 87
• Marriage. See Family
• Martial arts, 45, 119
• Mastery. See Skill
• Mazal tov, 92
• Meaning (in life), 30–31, 55, 99, 105, 111, 113, 125–126
• Meditation. See Contemplation
• Melancholy. See Sadness
• Melmastia, 83
• Memento mori, 118
• Mensch, 101
• Meraki, 75, 94, 129
• Meriggiare, 46
• Mésos, 101
• Mettā. See Maitrī
• Mindfulness. See Smṛti
• Mir, 94
• Mishloach manot, 85
• Mitzvah, 85–86
• Mokṣa, 56
• Mono no aware, 63–66
• Morals. See Ethics
• Morgenfrisk, 48
• Muditā, 82, 90
• Musāvādā, 88
• Music, 10–12, 16, 40, 52, 54, 62–63, 74, 84
• Mysticism, 14–15, 49, 53, 67, 80, 113. See also Spirituality
• Mythology, 21, 54–55, 114–115

• Naches, 78–79, 90
• Natural world, 3–4, 18, 48, 51, 76–77, 87, 92–93
• Navajo, 93
• Netzach, 114
• Neurophysiology. See Physiology
• Nibbāna. See Nirvāṇa
• Nirodha, 87
• Nirvāṇa, ix–x, 41, 51, 55–56, 67, 87–88, 116, 125–126
• Niyama, 87–88
• Njuta, 50, 111
• Nordic, 48, 73, 83–84, 94
• Norwegian, 47–48, 94, 135. See also Nordic

• Ohanami, 51
• Old Norse, 21
• Omoiyari, 89
• Optimism, 31, 57, 59
• Orenda, 107
• Orientalism, x
• Orka, 106
• Otsukaresama, 92
• Ouranus, 114

• Paixnidi, 74, 79–80, 95, 129
• Pāli, xi–xiv, 42–44, 87, 118, 137
• Pāṇātipātā, 88
• Pañcaśīlāni, 88
• Pashto, 83
• Passeggiata, 50
• Passion, 50, 54, 56, 63, 74–84, 88–90, 95, 107, 129
• Pathos, 62–63, 67, 89, 128
• Paṭicca-samuppāda. See Pratītya-samutpāda
• Peace. See Calm
• Perception, 4–5, 9, 13–14, 18, 24, 38, 67, 72, 102, 105, 121, 133, 137. See also Qualia
• PERMA, 125
• Perseverance. See Grit
• Persian, 91
• Phenomenology. See Qualia
• Philautia, 77–78, 94, 129
• Philia, 75, 77–78, 80, 94, 129
• Philotimo, 77
• Phrónēsis, 104
• Physiology, 4–5, 9, 37–39, 127
• Pintupi, 78
• Plato, 76–77, 100
• Pleasure, 5–6, 21, 41, 46, 48, 51–58, 62–63, 83, 88, 92, 103, 121, 125
• Pneuma, 115
• Pneumatikós, 112
• Polynesian, 76, 107
• Portuguese, 35, 53, 61, 76, 110
• Poseidôn, 115
• Positive psychology
  • cross-cultural enquiry, xiii, 32, 99, 130
  • nomological network, xiv, 8, 34, 123, 135
  • origins, xi, 30, 104
  • second wave, 56–57, 127
  • theories of well-being, 30, 47, 51, 99–100, 105–106, 117, 123–125, 131
  • Western-centric, x, 31–32, 44–45, 72–73, 137
• Poststructuralism. See Structuralism
• Prâgma, 74, 81, 95, 129
• Prāṇa, 115
• Pratītya-samutpāda, 86–87
• Prâxis, 104
• Pride, 41, 78–79, 90
• Prōtógonos, 114
• Psychological well-being. See Eudaimonia
• Psychology. See Positive psychology
• Purim, 85

• Qì, 111, 115, 119
• Qì gōng, 119
• Qualia, 4–5, 9, 11–12, 37–40, 120
• Querencia, 76

• Ramé, 52
• Reflexivity, 16, 35, 133–134
• Relativism, 14, 32–33, 136
• Religion, 24, 26, 53–55, 71, 77, 85–86, 93, 100, 103, 112, 117–118, 120, 131. See also Spiritual
• Rén, 100
• Revelry. See Fun
• Romanticism, 13, 51, 62–63, 70, 74, 79–81, 108, 129
• Rūpa, 120
• Russian, 54, 60–61, 94
• Ryff, Carol, 31, 57, 99, 125

• Sacca. See Satya
• Sacred, 76, 83, 112–118, 122, 132–133. See also Spiritual
• Sadaqah, 90
• Sadness, 39, 60–66, 81, 89
• Salām, 92
• Salon, 84
• Samar, 92
• Śamatha, 117
• Saṃgha, x–xi
• Saṃjñā, 121
• Saṃsāra, 56
• Saṃskāra, 121
• Saṃtoṣa, 88
• Samudaya, 87
• Saṅgha. See Saṃgha
• Sañña. See Saṃjñā
• Sanskrit
  • character, 101–103
  • loanwords, 21, 26, 42–44, 86–87, 101–102, 111, 116, 118, 137
  • love, 77, 82–83, 88, 90, 118, 136
  • positive feelings, ix-x, 36, 41–45, 51, 55–56, 67, 87–88, 103, 116–118, 121, 125–126, 136–138
  • prosociality, 26, 44, 47, 86–88, 90–91, 103, 116, 118, 121
  • spirituality, 28, 42–44, 56, 64, 80–83, 86–87, 100–102, 111–118, 120, 137
• Santosha. See Saṃtoṣa
• Sapir–Whorf, 12–17, 39, 75, 127
• S’apprivoiser, 81
• Sati. See Smṛti
• Satisfaction. See Contentment
• Satya, 88
• Saudade, 35, 61, 76
• Savoir, 109–110
• Savoring. See Appreciation
• Scandinavia. See Nordic
• Schadenfreude, 21, 41
• Sébomai, 83, 95, 129
• Sehnsucht, 27, 35, 60–61, 135
• Seijaku, 45
• Self
  • acceptance, 31, 99
  • control/restraint, 31, 66, 79, 106–109, 132
  • determination, 31, 47, 72, 97–100, 102, 106–109, 122, 125, 131–132
  • development (see Development)
  • identity, 60–61, 64, 72, 93–94, 116, 119–121, 133
  • transcendence, 67, 75, 77, 80, 82–83, 95, 100, 104, 113–114, 119–122, 129, 132–133
• Seligman, Martin, 30, 125
• Semantic gap, xiv, 24, 26, 123, 135
• Sensation, 5, 9, 34, 38, 40, 61, 120. See also Qualia
• Sex, 54, 76, 79, 88, 126
• Shalom, 92
• Shinrin-yoku, 51
• Shiv’ah, 85
• Shù, 103
• Siddhārtha, 42, 111
• Siesta, 46
• Siga siga, 46
• Śīla, 88
• Simpatía, 93
• Sisu, xi, 107
• Sitzfleisch, 108
• Skandha, 120–121
• Skill, 31, 67, 77, 91–92, 99–100, 104, 106, 109–110, 121–122, 125, 131–132
• Smṛti, xiv, 36, 42–45, 88, 103, 117–118, 126, 136–138
• Social capital, 71, 84, 97
• Socializing. See Congregating
• Socioeconomics, 31, 71, 73, 84
• Soirée, 84
• Solidarity, 93
• Solivagant, 108
• Sophia, 76, 104
• Sóphrosuné, 109
• Sorrow. See Sadness
• Soul, 49, 61, 77, 99, 106, 113, 115
• Spanish, 21, 46, 50, 54, 56, 63, 75–76, 84, 93
• Spiritual
  • beings, 22, 55, 59–60, 67, 80–83, 86, 112–118
  • blessing, 50, 55
  • definition of, 112–113
  • development, 88, 101, 109, 119, 133
  • dimension, 113, 115, 118, 132
  • energy/power/force, 80, 107, 113–114
  • experience, 14, 55, 66, 93, 113
  • friendship, 77, 82
  • path, 77, 118, 132
  • person, 112
  • practice (see Contemplation)
  • presence, 14, 50
  • realm, 67, 113–114
  • seeker, 80
  • spirit, 54, 115, 133
  • traditions, 45, 82, 112, 116, 119
• Stoicism, 45–46, 107–108
• Storgē, 74, 78, 80, 94, 129
• Structuralism, 8, 25
• Subjective well-being, 3, 31–32, 47, 70, 73, 98–99, 124–125
• Suffering, 55–56, 60–64, 84, 86, 89, 107, 109, 116–117
• Sukha, 55–56, 121
• Sumud, 107
• Śūnyatā, 121–122
• Superego, 108
• Surāmerayamajja pamādaṭṭhānā, 86
• Swahili, 93
• Swedish, 50, 71, 106, 111. See also Nordic
• Sympathy. See Compassion

• Ta’ârof, 91
• Taarradhin, 91
• Tagalog, 79–80
• Tài jí, 119
• Talanoa, 91–92
• Talkoot, 94
• Tao/Taoism, ix, 28, 57–59, 100
• Tarab, 54
• Tathāgatagarbha, 101–102
• Tat Tvam Asi, 115
• Techné, 104
• Tertulia, 84
• Þetta reddast, 59
• Therapy. See Interventions
• Thymós, 79, 106
• Tiferet, 114
• Titânes, 114
• Tithadesh, 92
• Tjotjog, 93
• Toska, 61
• Tranquility, 40, 41, 45, 51, 66, 92
• Transcendence. See Self-Transcendence
• Translation, 25, 27, 34–35
• Truth, 44, 66, 86, 88, 100–101, 105
• Tuko pamoja, 93
• Tūrangawaewae, 76
• Tzedaka, 90

• Ubuntu, 82
• Uitbuiken, 52
• Understanding. See Wisdom
• United Kingdom, xiii, 19–20, 73, 84
• United States, xv, 10, 17, 19, 23, 30–31, 84, 107
• Universalism, 14, 32–33, 38–39, 61, 70, 83, 100, 127
• Upaniṣads, 100
• Upekṣā, 82
• Utu, 87

• Vācā, 88
• Values-in-action (VIA) approach, 100–101, 131–132
• Vedanā, 120–121
• Vijñāna, 121
• Vinyāsa, 118
• Vipassanā. See Vipaśyanā
• Vipaśyanā, 117
• Virtue, 30, 45, 53, 78, 82, 87–88, 99–106, 109, 122, 131–132
• Vorfreude, 59

• Wabi-sabi, 15, 65–66
• Wanderlust, 62, 108
• Welsh, 42, 61, 76–77
• Weltanschauung, 104–105, 111
• Weltschmerz, 63
• West, the
  • concepts/ideas, 67, 81, 117, 120
  • engagement with non-Western practices, 42–45, 112, 118, 128
  • generalization, x
  • influence on psychology, x, 31–32, 44–45, 72–73, 137
  • time perception, 14
  • traditions, 26
• Wierzbicka, Anna, 16–19, 25, 61
• Willkür, 108
• Wisdom, 76, 88, 98–100, 104–105, 111, 114, 132
• Wonder, 41, 63, 65
• Work. See Employment

• Xenia, 83
• Xhosa, 82
• Xiào, 79, 90
• Xīn, 44–45
• Xìn, 100
• Xìng fú, 46–47

• Yagán, 79
• Yesod, 114
• Yì, 100
• Yiddish, 78–79, 90, 101, 108
• Yīn-yáng, ix, 57–59, 128
• Yoga, 55, 118
• Yūgen, 65–67

• Zanshin, 45
• Zen. See Buddhism
• Zeus, 115
• Zhì, 100
• Zulu, 82