Notes

Introduction

1. Nick Adams, Retaking America: crushing political correctness, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2016.
2. Kimberley A. Strassel, The Intimidation Game: how the left is silencing free speech, New York, Twelve, 2016; Kirsten Powers, The Silencing: how the left is killing free speech, Washington D.C., Regnery Publishing, 2015; Ben Shapiro, Bullies: how the left’s culture of fear and intimidation silences Americans, New York, Threshold Editions, 2013.
3. James Robertson, ‘From Ashfield Pigeons to President Trump’s Endorsement: the rise of Nick Adams’, Sydney Morning Herald, 4 March 2017, <https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/from-ashfield-pigeons-to-president-trumps-endorsement-the-rise-of-nick-adams-20170304-guqph0.html>.
4. ‘Sydney Council Wants to Eradicate Pigeons over Bird Flu’, AM, 2 November 2005, <http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2005/s1495770.htm>.
5. Adams, 28.
6. ‘Megyn Kelly to Donald Trump: ‘You’ve Called Women You Don’t like Fat Pigs, Slobs — and Disgusting Animals’, Independent, 7 August 2015, <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/megyn-kelly-to-donald-trump-youve-called-women-you-dont-like-fat-pigs-slobs-and-disgusting-animals-10444690.html>.
7. Adams, viii.
8. Glenn Greenwald, No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the surveillance state, London, Hamish Hamilton, 2014, 92.
9. Ben Kamisar, ‘Carson: ‘Political Correctness Is Ruining Our Country’, The Hill, 25 August 2015, <http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/254999-carson-political-correctness-is-ruining-our-country>; Ryan Lovelace, ‘Cruz: “Political Correctness Is Killing People”’, Washington Examiner, 15 December 2015, <https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/cruz-political-correctness-is-killing-people>; Robynn Tysver, ‘Fiorina in Iowa: “Political correctness is now choking candid conversation”’, Omaha World Herald, 12 November 2015, <http://www.omaha.com/news/politics/fiorina-in-iowa-political-correctness-is-now-choking-candid-conversation/article_92d46040-05df-56cc-86b0-ffec70132a80.html>.
10. Ben Norton, ‘How the Hillary Clinton Campaign Deliberately “Elevated” Donald Trump with Its “Pied Piper” Strategy’, Salon, 10 November 2016, <https://www.salon.com/2016/11/09/the-hillary-clinton-campaign-intentionally-created-donald-trump-with-its-pied-piper-strategy/>.
11. Nolan D. McCaskill, ‘Trump Accuses Cruz’s Father of Helping JFK’s Assassin’, Politico, 3 May 2016, <https://www.politico.com/blogs/2016-gop-primary-live-updates-and-results/2016/05/trump-ted-cruz-father-222730>.
12. ‘Donald Trump Threatens to Jail Hillary Clinton in Second Presidential Debate’, Guardian, 11 October 2016, <https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/oct/10/debate-donald-trump-threatens-to-jail-hillary-clinton>; ‘Donald Trump Criticized for Mocking Disabled Reporter’, Snopes, 11 January 2017, <https://www.snopes.com/news/2016/07/28/donald-trump-criticized-for-mocking-disabled-reporter/; Libby Nelson, ‘“Grab ’em by the Pussy”: how Trump talked about women in private is horrifying’, Vox, 7 October 2016, <https://www.vox.com/2016/10/7/13205842/trump-secret-recording-women>.
13. Larry Elliott, ‘World’s Eight Richest People Have Same Wealth as Poorest 50%’, Guardian, 16 January 2017, <https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/jan/16/worlds-eight-richest-people-have-same-wealth-as-poorest-50>.
14. Noah Kirsch, ‘The 3 Richest Americans Hold More Wealth Than Bottom 50% of the Country, Study Finds’, Forbes, 9 November 2017, <https://www.forbes.com/sites/noahkirsch/2017/11/09/the-3-richest-americans-hold-more-wealth-than-bottom-50-of-country-study-finds/>.
15. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, ‘Every GOP Candidate Is Wrong about Political Correctness’, Washington Post, 22 February 2016, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/>.
16. Jason Wilson, ‘The New Patriotism’, Overland, 225, Summer 2016, <https://overland.org.au/previous-issues/issue-225/feature-jason-wilson/>; Milo Yiannopoulos, ‘Milo on how Feminism Hurts Men and Women’, Breitbart, 7 October 2016, <http://www.breitbart.com/milo/2016/10/07/full-text-milo-feminism-auburn/>.
17. Bari Weiss, ‘Meet the Renegades of the Intellectual Dark Web’, New York Times, 8 May 2018, <https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/08/opinion/intellectual-dark-web.html>.
18. Jean-Pierre Chigne, ‘April 2018 Was the 400th Consecutive Warmer-than-Average Month due to Global Warming’, Tech Times, 17 May 2018, <http://www.techtimes.com/articles/228022/20180517/april-2018-was-the-400th-consecutive-warmer-than-average-month-due-to-global-warming.htm>.

Chapter One: Inventing PC

1. Moira Weigel, ‘Political Correctness: how the right invented a phantom enemy’, Guardian, 30 November 2016, <https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/nov/30/political-correctness-how-the-right-invented-phantom-enemy-donald-trump>.
2. Clive Hamilton, ‘Political Correctness: its origins and the backlash against it’, The Conversation, 31 August 2015, <http://theconversation.com/political-correctness-its-origins-and-the-backlash-against-it-46862>.
3. ‘Mario Savio’s “Bodies upon the Gears” Speech — 50 Years Later’ Detroit Metro Times, 1 December 2014, <https://www.metrotimes.com/news-hits/archives/2014/12/01/mario-savios-bodies-upon-the-gears-speech-50-years-later>.
4. See Ellen Schrecker, ‘The Roots of the Right-Wing Attack on Higher Education’, Thought & Action, 26, 2010, 71–82.
5. Stanford Daily, Volume 155, Issue 65, 22 May 1969.
6. Adams, Retaking America, 43.
7. ‘Republican Party Platforms: Republican Party platform of 1984’, The American Presidency Project, <http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=25845>.
8. Allan Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2008.
9. E. D. Hirsch Jr, Cultural Literacy: what every American needs to know, New York, Vintage, 1988; Roger Kimball, Tenured Radicals: how politics has corrupted our higher education, ERIC, 1990; Dinesh d’Souza, Illiberal Education: the politics of race and sex on campus, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1991.
10. William J. Bennett, To Reclaim a Legacy: a report on the humanities in higher education, Washington, National Endowment for the Humanities, 1984, 3.
11. Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind, 337.
12. ‘Ronald Reagan and UC Berkeley People’s Park Riots 1969’, Rolling Stone, 15 May 2017, <https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/ronald-reagan-and-uc-berkeley-peoples-park-riots-1969-w482300>.
13. Michael Berube, ‘Public Image Limited: political correctness and the media’s big lie’ in Debating PC: the controversy over political correctness on college campuses, New York, Laurel, 1992, 130.
14. Richard Bernstein, ‘The Rising Hegemony of the Politically Correct’, New York Times, 28 October 1990.
15. Weigel, ‘Political Correctness’.
16. Jerry Adler, ‘Taking Offense: is this the new enlightenment on campus or the new McCarthyism?’, Newsweek, 24 December 1990.
17. ‘Excerpts From President’s Speech to University of Michigan Graduates’, New York Times, 5 May 1991, <https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/05/us/excerpts-from-president-s-speech-to-university-of-michigan-graduates.html>.

Chapter Two: Three kinds of leftism

1. Lillian Faderman, The Gay Revolution: the story of the struggle, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2015, 71.
2. See Marcia M. Gallo, ‘Daughters of Bilitis’, in Marc Stein, Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History in America, New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2004.
3. For more on this, see Chris Harman, The Fire Last Time: 1968 and after, London, Bookmarks, 1988.
4. Todd Gitlin, The Sixties: years of hope, days of rage, New York, Bantam, 1993, 343.
5. Fred Wasserman, ‘Stonewall Riots’, in Stein, Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History in America, 155.
6. Wasserman, ‘Stonewall Riots’, 155.
7. Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind, 313.
8. Christopher Hitchens, ‘The Egg-Head’s Egger-On’, London Review of Books, 27 April 2000.
9. Gitlin, The Sixties, 422.
10. Max Elbaum, Revolution in the Air: sixties radicals turn to Lenin, Mao and Che, London, Verso, 2002, 28.
11. John Taylor, ‘Are You Politically Correct?’, New York, 21, 1991, 32–40.
12. D. Charles Whitney and Ellen Wartella, ‘Media Coverage of the “Political Correctness” Debate’, Journal of Communication, 42(2), 1992, 90.
13. Jordan Humphreys, ‘Gay Liberation at Macquarie’, Radical History of Macquarie University, 23 February 2013, <https://radicalhistoryofmacquarieuniversity.wordpress.com/gay-liberation-at-macquarie/>.
14. Nick Ravo, ‘Campus Slur Alters a Code Against Bias’, New York Times, 11 December 1989, <https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/11/nyregion/campus-slur-alters-a-code-against-bias.html>.
15. Jerry Adler, ‘Taking Offense’.
16. Weigel, ‘Political Correctness’.
17. ‘Baa Baa “Rainbow” Sheep’, ‘Political Correctness Gone Mad’ Gone Mad, 16 October 2011, <https://pcgonemadgonemad.wordpress.com/2011/10/16/hello-world/>.
18. David Brooks, ‘Understanding Student Mobbists’, New York Times, 8 March 2018, <https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/08/opinion/student-mobs.html>.
19. Jonathan Chait, ‘Not a Very P.C. Thing to Say’, NYMag, 27 January 2015, <http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/01/not-a-very-pc-thing-to-say.html>; ‘College Campuses Have No Right to Limit Free Speech’, Time, 13 October 2016, <http://time.com/4530197/college-free-speech-zone/>.
20. Nathan J. Robinson, ‘The Stereotypes about College Students and Free Speech Are False’, Current Affairs, 1 February 2018, <https://www.currentaffairs.org/2018/02/why-do-those-college-students-hate-free-speech-so-much>.
21. Glenn Greenwald, ‘The Greatest Threat to Campus Free Speech is Coming from Dianne Feinstein and her Military-Contractor Husband’, The Intercept, 26 September 2015, <https://theintercept.com/2015/09/25/dianne-feinstein-husband-threaten-univ-calif-demanding-ban-excessive-israel-criticism/>.
22. Quoted in George McKenna, The Puritan Origins of American Patriotism, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2007, 233.

Chapter Three: Battlers and elites

1. See Andrew Hartman, A War for the Soul of America: a history of the culture wars, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2015.
2. Barbara Ehrenreich, Fear of Falling, New York, Pantheon, 1989, 269.
3. Quoted in Hartman, A War for the Soul of America, 52.
4. Ehrenreich, Fear of Falling, 113.
5. Ehrenreich, Fear of Falling, 101.
6. Patrick Buchanan, ‘1992 Republican National Convention Speech’, Patrick J. Buchanan — Official Website, 17 August 1992, <http://buchanan.org/blog/1992-republican-national-convention-speech-148>.
7. Dave Helling, ‘1992 Republican convention: “There is a religious war going on”’, The Kansas City Star, 18 July 2016, <http://www.kansascity.com/news/politics-government/election/article88423762.html>.
8. Buchanan, ‘1992 Republican National Convention Speech’.
9. Thomas Frank, What’s the Matter with America?: the resistible rise of the American right, London, Harvill Secker, 2004, 7.
10. Corey Robin, The Reactionary Mind: conservatism from Edmund Burke to Donald Trump, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, 97.

Chapter Four: The Australian way

1. See <https://archives.smh.com.au/>.
2. Verity Burgmann, Power, Profit and Protest. Australian social movements and globalisation, Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 2003, 16.
3. Barry Humphries and Ross Fitzgerald, ‘Craig Steppenwolf: a monologue for the music-hall’, Quadrant 19(8), 1975, 47.
4. Robert Manne, ‘On Being an Editor’, Quadrant, January/February 1983, 88.
5. See Aubrey Belford, ‘The Formation of Right-Wing Anti-Elitist Discourse Amongst Australian Intellectuals: 1972–1988’, unpublished honours thesis, 2008.
6. Andrew Markus, Race: John Howard and the remaking of Australia, Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 2001, 72.
7. See Markus, Race, 86–89.
8. Quoted in Marian Sawer and Barry Hindess, Us and Them: anti elitism in Australia, Perth, API Network, 2004, 3.
9. David Flint, The Twilight of the Elites, Sydney, Freedom Publishing, 2003.
10. Nick Cater, The Lucky Culture, Sydney, HarperCollins Australia, 2013, 283.
11. Graham Willett, Living out Loud: a history of gay and lesbian activism in Australia, Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 2000, 20.
12. Marilyn Lake, Getting Equal: the history of Australian feminism, Sydney, AIlen & Unwin, 1999, 231.
13. Anne Summers, ‘Women’, in Allan Patience and Brian Head, From Whitlam to Fraser: reform and reaction in Australian politics, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1979, 98.
14. Lake, Getting Equal, 253.
15. Jim George and Michael Hutchison, ‘Culture War as Foreign Policy in US and Australia’, in Jim George, The Culture Wars: Australian and American politics in the 21st Century, Melbourne, Palgrave Macmillan Australia, 2009, 49.
16. See Elizabeth Humphrys and Damien Cahill, ‘How Labor Made Neoliberalism’, Critical Sociology, 43(4-5), 2017, 669–684.
17. ‘Celebrating Two Decades of Reforming Government’, Australian, 4 March 2003.
18. Michael Pusey, ‘25 Years of Neoliberalism in Australia’ in Robert Manne and David McKnight (eds), Goodbye to All That: on the failure of neo-liberalism and the urgency of change, Melbourne, Black Inc., 2010, 159.
19. Michael Kimmel, Angry White Men: American masculinity at the end of an era, London, Hachette, 2017, 281.

Chapter Five: Howard and Hanson

1. Mark Rolfe, ‘Free Speech, Political Correctness and the Rhetoric of Social Unity under John Howard’, Just Policy: a journal of Australian social policy, 15, 1999, 38; Ross Fitzgerald, ‘Free Speech: what are its limits’, Overland, 134, Autumn 1994.
2. John Howard, The Role of Government: a modern liberal approach: first headland speech, Melbouren, Menzies Research Centre, 1995.
3. Quoted in Robert Manne, ‘The Howard Years: a political interpretation’, in Robert Manne (ed.), The Howard Years, Melbourne, Black Inc., 2004, 16.
4. Quoted in Tony Stephens, ‘Middle Ground of Power’, Sydney Morning Herald, 9 August 2003, <https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/08/08/1060145847972.html>.
5. Pauline Hanson and George J. Merritt, Pauline Hanson — the Truth: on Asian immigration, the Aboriginal question, the gun debate and the future of Australia, Parkholme, St. George Publications, 1997, 159.
6. Damien Cahill, ‘The Australian Right’s New Class Discourse and the Construction of the Political Community’, in Raymond Markey (eds), Labour and Community, Wollongong, University of Wollongong Press, 53.
7. Quoted in Lance Selfa (ed.), US Politics in An Age of Uncertainty, Chicago, Haymarket Books, 2018.
8. Peter Browne, ‘Boats and Votes’, Inside Story, 6 July 2010, <http://insidestory.org.au/boats-and-votes/>.
9. Michael Pusey and Shaun Wilson, The Experience of Middle Australia: the dark side of economic reform, Melbourne, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 59.
10. Murray Goot, ‘Hanson’s Heartland: who’s for one nation and why’ in Robert Manne (ed.), Two Nations: the causes and effects of the rise of the One Nation Party in Australia, Melbourne, Bookman Press, 1998, 55.

Chapter Six: With us or with the terrorists

1. Quoted in Naomi Klein, ‘Naomi Klein on the Appeal of Subcomandante Marcos’, Guardian, 3 March 2001, <http://www.theguardian.com/books/2001/mar/03/politics>.
2. See Elizabeth Humphrys, ‘From Offense to Defence: the Australian Global Justice Movement and the impact of 9/11’, Masters Thesis, University of Technology Sydney, 2010.
3. John Howard, ‘Election Speech, 2001’, Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House, <https://electionspeeches.moadoph.gov.au/speeches/2001-john-howard>.
4. Quoted in David McKnight, Beyond Right and Left, 136.
5. George W. Bush, ‘President Declares “Freedom at War with Fear’”, The White House Archives, 20 September 2001, <https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html>.
6. Ari Fleischer, ‘White House Briefing’, Washington Post, 26 September 2001, <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/nation/specials/attacked/transcripts/fleischertext_092601.html>.
7. ‘Ashcroft: Critics of New Terror Measures Undermine Effort’, CNN, 7 December 2001, <http://edition.cnn.com/2001/US/12/06/inv.ashcroft.hearing/>.
8. David Neiwert, Eliminationists: how hate talk radicalized the American right, London, Routledge, 2016, 75.
9. Neiwert, Eliminationists, 97.
10. Quoted in Geoff Boucher and Matthew Sharpe, Times Will Suit Them, Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 2008, 26.
11. Robert Manne, ‘Bad News: Murdoch’s Australian and the shaping of the nation’, Quarterly Essay, 43, Melbourne, Black Inc., 2011.
12. Quoted in Alex Callinicos, ‘The grand strategy of the American empire’, International Socialism, Winter 2002, <https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/callinicos/2002/xx/strategy.htm>.
13. Julian Borger, ‘Blogger Bares Rumsfeld’s Post 9/11 Orders’, Guardian, 24 February 2006, <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/feb/24/freedomofinformation.september11>.
14. Manne, ‘Bad News’, 16.
15. Patrick E. Tyler, ‘Threats and Responses: news analysis; a new power in the streets’, New York Times, 17 February 2003, <https://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/17/world/threats-and-responses-news-analysis-a-new-power-in-the-streets.html>.
16. Matt Wate, Peter Fray, Neil Mercer and Aban Contractor, ‘Howard Rejects Global Protests’, Sydney Morning Herald, 17 February 2003, <https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/02/16/1045330468377.html>.
17. Emmett Rensin, ‘The Smug Style in American Liberalism’, Vox, 21 April 2016, <https://www.vox.com/2016/4/21/11451378/smug-american-liberalism>.

Chapter Seven: Smug Politics

1. Michael Byrnes, ‘Librarian Makes a Difference for “Stupid White Men” Author Michael Moore’, SICE, Indiana University Bloomington, 25 July 2002, <https://www.sice.indiana.edu/news/story.html?ils_id=443>.
2. ‘Bushism’, Wikipedia, 2 April 2018, <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bushism&oldid=833798423>.
3. Frank Bruni, Ambling into History: the unlikely odyssey of George W. Bush, New York, HarperCollins, 2003, 4.
4. Michael Moore, Stupid White Men, New York, HarperCollins, 2003, 89.
5. ‘‘‘You Can’t Believe Bush,” One Pundit Said. But on “Hardball”, They Praised the Full Package’, Daily Howler, 13 May 2003, <http://www.dailyhowler.com/dh051303.shtml>.
6. Jay Rosen, ‘Why Political Coverage Is Broken’, keynote address, Melbourne Writers Festival, 26 August 2011, <http://pressthink.org/2011/08/why-political-coverage-is-broken/>.
7. Emmet Penney, ‘Lectureporn: the vulgar art of liberal narcissism’, Paste, 26 June 2017, <https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2017/06/lectureporn-the-vulgar-art-of-liberal-narcissism.html>.
8. The Colbert Report, Comedy Central Official Site, accessed 9 April 2018, <http://www.cc.com/shows/the-colbert-report>.
9. Rensin, ‘The Smug Style in American Liberalism’.
10. Frank, What’s the Matter with America?, 241.
11. Karl Marx, ‘A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right’, <https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/critique-hpr/intro.htm>.
12. Daniel C. Dennett, ‘The Bright Stuff’, New York Times, 12 July 2003, <https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/12/opinion/the-bright-stuff.html>.
13. Andrew Brown, ‘Richard Dawkins’ Latest Anti-Muslim Twitter Spat Lays Bare His Hypocrisy’, Guardian, 22 April 2013, <http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/apr/22/richard-dawkins-islamophobic>.
14. W. E. B. DuBois, ‘The Superior Race’, The Smart Set, 70(4), 1923, <http://www.webdubois.org/dbSuperiorRace.html>.

Chapter Eight: Why the culture wars didn’t end

1. Kevin Rudd, ‘Howard’s Brutopia’, Monthly, November 2006.
2. Richard Nile, ‘End of the culture wars’, Australian, 28 September 2009, <http://www.news.com.au/news/end-of-the-culture-wars/news-story/afa7216e0dc1aa4ad06ea0a05b022b5c>.
3. Mark Bahnisch, ‘Culture war a dead duck’, ABC News, 13 November 2007, <http://www.abc.net.au/news/2007-11-13/38924>.
4. Paul Harris, ‘Barack Obama Brings Truce in Culture War’, Guardian, 12 April 2009, <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/12/barack-obama-religion-homosexuality>.
5. Barack Obama, ‘Illinois Sen. Barack Obama’s Announcement Speech’, 10 February 2007, <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/10/AR2007021000879.html>.
6. Christine Schwen, ‘Beck, Ailes Lie about Beck’s “Slaughtered” Comments’, Media Matters for America, 2 February 2010, <https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2010/02/02/beck-ailes-lie-about-becks-slaughtered-comments/159902>.
7. Michael Calderone, ‘Fox’s Beck: Obama is “a racist”’, Politico, 28 July 2009, <http://www.politico.com/blogs/michaelcalderone/0709/Foxs_Beck_Obama_is_a_racist.html>.
8. Jeffrey Feldman, ‘Glenn Beck Recycles X-Files Plot to Spread Fear of Obama’, Huffington Post, 15 April 2009, <https://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeffrey-feldman/glenn-beck-recycles-x-fil_b_175068.html>; ‘What Is Agenda 21? After watching this, you may not want to know’, The Blaze, 19 November 2012, <https://www.theblaze.com/news/2012/11/19/what-is-agenda-21-after-watching-this-you-may-not-want-to-know>; ‘Glenn Beck: Dangers of Environmental Extremism’, Fox News, 18 October 2010, <http://www.foxnews.com/story/2010/10/18/glenn-beck-dangers-environmental-extremism.html>.
9. ‘Glenn Beck Imitates Obama Pouring Gasoline On “Average American” (VIDEO)’, Huffington Post, 5 September 2009, <https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/entry/glenn-beck-imitates-obama_n_185578>.
10. Steven Perlberg, ‘Rick Santelli Started The Tea Party With A Rant Exactly 5 Years Ago Today — Here’s How He Feels About It Now’, Business Insider, 20 February 2014, <https://www.businessinsider.com.au/rick-santelli-tea-party-rant-2014-2>.
11. Theda Skocpol and Vanessa Williamson, The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism, New York, Oxford University Press, 2016, 12.
12. David Neiwert, Alt-America: the rise of the radical right in the age of Trump, New York, Verso, 2017, 117.
13. Zaid Jilani, ‘GRAPH: Income Inequality in U.S. Worse than Ivory Coast, Pakistan, Ethiopia’,Think Progress, 4 May 2011, <https://thinkprogress.org/graph-income-inequality-in-u-s-worse-than-ivory-coast-pakistan-ethiopia-7fdd35d64caf/>.
14. Jeff Cox, ‘Record 46 Million Americans Are on Food Stamps’, CNBC, 4 September 2012 <https://www.cnbc.com/id/48898378>; Les Christie, ‘Number of People without Health Insurance Climbs’, CNN, 13 September 2011, <http://money.cnn.com/2011/09/13/news/economy/census_bureau_health_insurance/index.htm>; ‘Hedge Fund Managers Set New Payout Records in 2009’, Reuters, 2 April 2010, <https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hedgefunds-payouts/hedge-fund-managers-set-new-payout-records-in-2009-idUSTRE6302PP20100401>.
15. Samantha Arfenist, ‘Stewart and Colbert’s Plea: “take it down a notch, America”’, The Current, 20 October 2010, <https://nsucurrent.nova.edu/stewart-and-colbert%E2%80%99s-plea-%E2%80%9Ctake-it-down-a-notch-america%E2%80%9D/>.
16. Robert Manne, Dear Mr Rudd: ideas for a better Australia, Melbourne, Black Inc., 2008.
17. Janet Albrechtsen, ‘Under Labor, Elites Will Remain Irrelevant’, Australian, 27 February 2008.
18. David Marr, ‘Glimmers of Hope Survive in the Mush’, Sydney Morning Herald, 21 April 2008, <https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/glimmers-of-hope-survive-in-the-mush/2008/04/20/1208629731307.html>.
19. Katharine Murphy, ‘2020 the Summit: a Kevin Rudd production’, Age, 19 April 2008, <https://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/2020-the-summit-a-kevin-rudd-production/2008/04/18/1208025469917.html>.

Chapter Nine: The nature of identity

1. T. Lindsay Baker and Julie Philips Baker, The WPA Oklahoma Slave Narratives, Norman, OK, University of Oklahoma Press, 1996, 95.
2. Sherry Wolf, ‘Unite and Fight?’, International Socialist Review, 98, Fall 2015, <https://isreview.org/issue/98/unite-and-fight>.
3. Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor (ed.), How We Get Free: Black feminism and the Combahee River Collective, Chicago, Haymarket Books, 2018, Kindle.
4. Kathie Sarachild, ‘Consciousness-Raising: a radical weapon’, in Redstockings, Feminist Revolution: an abridged edition with additional writings, New York, Random House, 1978.
5. Hartman, A War for the Soul of America, 21.
6. Taylor (ed.), How We Get Free, Kindle.
7. Alex Callinicos, Against Postmodernism: a Marxist critique, London, Polity, 1990, 168.
8. Salar Mohandesi, ‘Identity Crisis’, Viewpoint Magazine, 16 March 2017, <https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/03/16/identity-crisis/>.
9. Quoted in Brian Ward (ed.), The 1960s: a documentary reader, Hoboken, Wiley Blackwell, 140.
10. ‘Stonewall Anniversary’, The Allen Ginsberg Project, 27 June 2011, <http://ginsbergblog.blogspot.com.au/2011/06/stonewall-anniversary.html>.
11. Asad Haider, ‘Where Are the People of Color?’, Jacobin, 27 February 2017, <https://www.jacobinmag.com/2017/02/left-diversity-people-color-white-identitarian-solidarity-difference/>.
12. Verity Burgmann, ‘From Syndicalism to Seattle: class and the politics of identity’, in International Labor and Working-Class History, 67, Spring 2005, 3.
13. Adler, ‘Taking Offense’.
14. Martin Luther King, ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail in Timothy Patrick McCarthy and John McMillian (eds), The Radical Reader: a documentary history of the American radical tradition, New York, New Press, 2003, 366.
15. Taylor, How We Get Free.
16. Elaine Graham-Leigh, ‘The Return of Idealism: identity and the politics of oppression’, Counterfire, 1 March 2018, <http://www.counterfire.org/articles/opinion/19484-the-return-of-idealism-identity-and-the-politics-of-oppression>.
17. Quoted in Mohandesi, ‘Identity Crisis’.
18. Dan Martin, ‘Impassioned Words from Jay-Z in Support of Obama’, Guardian, 5 November 2008, <http://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/nov/05/jayz-falloutboy>.
19. ‘The Montgomery Bus Boycott — Women’s Political Council’, History Is A Weapon, <http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/wpcmontgomery.html>.
20. Naomi Klein, No Logo, Toronto, Vintage Books, 2009, 123.
21. Burgmann, ‘From Syndicalism to Seattle’, 6.
22. Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor, From#BlackLivesMatter to Black Liberation, Chicago, Haymarket Books, 2016, 7.
23. David D. Kirkpatrick, ‘Death Knell May Be Near for Public Election Funds’, New York Times, 23 January 2007, <https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/23/us/politics/23donate.html?pagewanted=all>.
24. Michael Luo, ‘Obama Hauls in Record $750 Million for Campaign’, New York Times, 4 December 2008.
25. Taylor, From #BlackLivesMatter to Black Liberation, 9.
26. Pankaj Mishra, ‘Why Do White People Like What I Write?’, London Review of Books, 40(4), 22 February 2018, <https://www.lrb.co.uk/v40/n04/pankaj-mishra/why-do-white-people-like-what-i-write>.
27. Andrew Buncombe, ‘Barack Obama to Make $1.2m from Three Wall Street Speeches’, Independent, 18 September 2017, <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/barack-obama-speeches-fee-wall-street-latest-a7954156.html>.
28. Aidan Mac Guill, ‘Late-Night Hosts on Obama’s $400,000 Speech: “Continuing Hillary’s legacy”’, Guardian, 28 April 2017, <http://www.theguardian.com/culture/2017/apr/28/obama-paid-speech-late-night-comedians-hillary-clinton>.
29. ‘Social Reproduction Beyond Intersectionality: an interview’, Viewpoint Magazine, 31 October 2015, <https://www.viewpointmag.com/2015/10/31/social-reproduction-beyond-intersectionality-an-interview-with-sue-ferguson-and-david-mcnally/>.
30. Tim Hein, ‘The 10 Most Publicised Abusive Comments about Julia Gillard’, Tim Hein (blog), 22 May 2012, <https://timhein.com.au/2012/05/22/the-top-10-most-publicised-abusive-comments-about-julia-gillard/>.
31. Julia Gillard, ‘Transcript of Julia Gillard’s Speech’, 10 October 2012, <https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/transcript-of-julia-gillards-speech-20121010-27c36.html>.
32. Alison Rourke, ‘Julia Gillard’s Attack on Sexism Hailed as Turning Point for Australian Women’, Guardian, 12 October 2012, <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/12/julia-gillard-sexism-australian-women>.
33. Anwen Crawford, ‘This Isn’t Working: single mothers and welfare’, Meanjin, 73(3), 2014, <https://meanjin.com.au/essays/this-isnt-working-single-mothers-and-welfare/>.
34. Tim Colebatch, ‘Gillard’s Fall Is Far Bigger than Labor’s’, Age, 20 June 2013, <https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/gillards-fall-is-far-bigger-than-labors-20130619-2ojdv.html >.
35. Amory Starr, Naming the Enemy: anti-corporate social movements confront globalization, London, Zed Books, 2000, 31.

Chapter Ten: Privilege and inequality

1. ‘We Are the 99 Percent’, Tumblr, <http://wearethe99percent.tumblr.com/?og=1>.
2. Mike Davis, ‘No More Bubblegum’, Los Angeles Review of Books, 21 October 2011, <https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/no-more-bubblegum/>.
3. Taylor, From#BlackLivesMatter to Black Liberation, 146.
4. Kimberlé Crenshaw, ‘Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: a black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics’, University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989, 149
5. A point made in ‘Is Intersectionality Just Another Form of Identity Politics?’, Feminist Fightback, 11 January 2015.
6. Peggy McIntosh, ‘White Privilege and Male Privilege: a personal account of coming to see correspondences through work in women’s studies’, Wellesley College, Center for Research on Women, 1988.
7. Sean McCann, ‘Choose and Be Damned: responsibility and privilege in a neoliberal age’, Los Angeles Review of Books, 2 July 2017, <https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/choose-and-be-damned-responsibility-and-privilege-in-a-neoliberal-age/>.
8. Asad Haider, ‘White Purity’, Viewpoint Magazine, 6 January 2017, <https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/01/06/white-purity/ >.
9. Kathie Sarachild, ‘Consciousness-Raising: a radical weapon’, in Redstockings, Feminist Revolution.
10. Kelton Sears, ‘A Marxist Critiques Identity Politics’, Seattle Weekly, 26 April 2017, <http://www.seattleweekly.com/news/a-marxist-critiques-identity-politics/>.
11. Michael Reich, ‘Who Benefits from Racism? The distribution among whites of gains and losses from racial inequality’, Journal of Human Resources, 1978, 524–44.
12. Noel Ignatin, ‘Debate within SDS. RYM II vs. Weatherman, Without a Science of Navigation …’, <https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1/debate-sds/ignatin.htm>.
13. Phoebe Maltz Bovy, The Perils of ‘Privilege’, New York, St Martins Press, 2017, 251.
14. Asad Haider, ‘Passing for Politics’, Medium, 15 June 2016, <https://medium.com/@ahaider/passing-for-politics-559e14c813f7#.whuciapyv>.
15. Angela Nagle, Kill All Normies: online culture wars from 4chan and Tumblr to Trump and the alt-right, Alresford, UK, Zero Books, 2017, 8.
16. Jon Ronson, So You’ve Been Publicly Shamed, New York, Penguin, 2016, 68.
17. Wendy Brown, ‘Wounded Attachments’, Political Theory, 21(3), 1993, 26.

Chapter Eleven: Trauma and trigger warnings

1. Ethan Watters, Crazy Like Us: the globalization of the American psyche, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2010, 101.
2. Ben Shephard, A War of Nerves: soldiers and psychiatrists in the twentieth century, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2003, 355.
3. Quoted in Alynne Romo, VVAW: 50 years of struggle, Alresford, UK, Changemakers Books, 2017, 25.
4. Shephard, A War of Nerves, 357.
5. Institute of Medicine, Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military and Veteran Populations: Final Assessment, Washington, DC, The National Academies Press, 2014, <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK224872/>.
6. Camilla Turner and Tony Diver, ‘Safe Spaces at Universities Are “Fundamentally Offensive”, Says Oxford Chancellor’, Telegraph, 4 November 2017, <https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/2017/11/04/safe-spaces-universities-fundamentally-offensive-says-oxford/>.
7. ‘Don’t Be So Offensive’, Economist, 4 June 2016, <https://www.economist.com/news/international/21699903-young-westerners-are-less-keen-their-parents-free-speech-dont-be-so-offensive>.
8. Ali Vingiano, ‘How the “Trigger Warning” Took Over the Internet’, BuzzFeed, 6 May 2014, <https://www.buzzfeed.com/alisonvingiano/how-the-trigger-warning-took-over-the-internet>.
9. Sarah Colbert, ‘Like Trapdoors: a history of posttraumatic stress disorder and the “Trigger Warning”’ in Emily J.M. Knox (ed.), Trigger Warnings: history, theory, context, Lanham, Maryland, Rowman & Littlefield, 2017, 9.
10. Chaim F. Shatan, ‘Post-Vietnam Syndrome’, New York Times, 6 May 1972, <https://www.nytimes.com/1972/05/06/archives/postvietnam-syndrome.html>.
11. Watters, Crazy Like Us, 115.
12. Shephard, A War of Nerves, 356.
13. Shephard, A War of Nerves, 387.
14. Watters, Crazy Like Us, 121.
15. Quoted in Watters, Crazy Like Us, 123.
16. Jack Halberstam, ‘Trigger Happy: from content warning to censorship’, Signs, 8 March 2016, <http://signsjournal.org/currents-trigger-warnings/halberstam/>.
17. Wendy Brown, ‘Wounded Attachments’, Political Theory, 21(3), 1993, 404.

Chapter Twelve: Them and us

1. Jon Ronson, Them: adventures with extremists, New York, Simon & Schuster, 2002, 95.
2. Eric Hananoki, ‘Trump Reportedly Praised Alex Jones for Having ‘one of the Greatest Influences’ He’s Ever Seen’, Media Matters for America, 7 October 2016, <https://www.mediamatters.org/blog/2016/10/07/trump-reportedly-praised-alex-jones-having-one-greatest-influences-he-s-ever-seen/213616>.
3. David Frum, ‘The Great Republican Revolt’, Atlantic, January/February 2016, <https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/01/the-great-republican-revolt/419118/>.
4. Lauren Carroll, ‘Ben Carson’s First 10 Fact-Checks’, PolitiFact, 29 September 2015, <http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2015/sep/29/ben-carsons-first-10-fact-checks/>.
5. Sam Clench, ‘Donald Trump, Mike Huckabee: weirdest quotes from Republican debate 2015’, News.com.au, 7 August 2015, <http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/the-ten-weirdest-lines-from-the-republican-debate/news-story/0e15ba7c765a3c7025eeafc81144ca8c>.
6. Igor Volsky, ‘Rick Santorum Pledges to Defund Contraception: “It’s Not Okay, It’s a License to Do Things”’, ThinkProgress, 19 October 2011, <https://thinkprogress.org/rick-santorum-pledges-to-defund-contraception-its-not-okay-it-s-a-license-to-do-things-a9a9b04f0761/>.
7. Katherine Stewart, ‘Ted Cruz and the Anti-Gay Pastor’, New York Times, 16 November 2015, <https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/16/opinion/campaign-stops/ted-cruz-and-the-anti-gay-pastor.html>.
8. Katie Zezima, ‘How Ted Cruz Differs from Donald Trump on Immigration’, Washington Post, 5 January 2016, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/01/05/how-ted-cruz-differs-from-donald-trump-on-immigration/?utm_term=.f8d1bcdcbec1>.
9. Sharon Smith, ‘States of Inequality’, International Socialist Review, 107, Winter 2017–18, <https://isreview.org/issue/107/states-inequality>.
10. Smith, ‘States of Inequality’.
11. Thomas Frank, ‘The Intolerance of the Left: Trump’s win as seen from Walt Disney’s hometown’, Guardian, 27 January 2017, <http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jan/27/why-donald-trump-win-walt-disney>.
12. Linda Tirado, Hand to Mouth: the truth about being poor in a wealthy world, London, Hachette, 2014, 169.
13. Kim Moody, ‘Who Put Trump in the White House?’, Solidarity, January–February 2017, <https://www.solidarity-us.org/node/4859>.
14. Christian Parenti, ‘Listening to Trump’, Jacobin, 22 November 2016, <http://jacobinmag.com/2016/11/trump-speeches-populism-war-economics-election>.
15. Matthew Yglesias, ‘What Really Happened in 2016, in 7 Charts’, Vox, 18 September 2017, <https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/9/18/16305486/what-really-happened-in-2016>.
16. David Fahrenthold, ‘Trump Recorded Having Extremely Lewd Conversation about Women in 2005’, Washington Post, 8 October 2016, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005/2016/10/07/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html?utm_term=.26cf058f59d3>.
17. Michael Kruse and Taylor Gee, ‘The 37 Fatal Gaffes That Didn’t Kill Donald Trump’, Politico, 25 September 2016, <https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/09/trump-biggest-fatal-gaffes-mistakes-offensive-214289>.
18. Frum, ‘The Great Republican Revolt’.
19. ‘Donald Trump Announces a Presidential Bid’, Washington Post, 16 June 2015, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2015/06/16/full-text-donald-trump-announces-a-presidential-bid/>.
20. Robin, The Reactionary Mind, 259.
21. ‘What’s Going On’, Economist, 5 November 2016, <https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21709596-support-donald-trump-working-class-whites-not-what-it-seems-whats-going>.
22. Alex Ward, ‘Why the US Has Trouble Winning Wars’, Vox, 9 April 2018, <https://www.vox.com/2018/2/15/17007678/syria-trump-war-win-interview>.
23. Charlie Post, ‘We Got Trumped’, International Socialist Review, 104, Spring 2017, <https://isreview.org/issue/104/we-got-trumped>.
24. Amber Phillips, ‘“They’re Rapists.” President Trump’s Campaign Launch Speech Two Years Later, Annotated’, Washington Post, 16 June 2017, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/06/16/theyre-rapists-presidents-trump-campaign-launch-speech-two-years-later-annotated/?utm_term=.3f8296f0a4c5>.
25. Serena Marshall, ‘Obama Has Deported More People Than Any Other President’, ABC News, 29 August 2016, <http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/obamas-deportation-policy-numbers/story?id=41715661>.
26. Allison Graves, ‘Fact-Check: Did Top Democrats Vote for a Border Wall in 2006?’, PolitiFact, 23 April 2017, <http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2017/apr/23/mick-mulvaney/fact-check-did-top-democrats-vote-border-wall-2006/>.
27. Jenna Johnson, ‘A Lot of People Are Saying …’: How Trump spreads conspiracies and innuendoes’, Washington Post, 13 June 2016, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/a-lot-of-people-are-saying-how-trump-spreads-conspiracies-and-innuendo/2016/06/13/b21e59de-317e-11e6-8ff7-7b6c1998b7a0_story.html?utm_term=.9f008ab234e6>.
28. Dan Roberts, Ben Jacobs and Sabrina Siddiqui, ‘Donald Trump Threatens to Jail Hillary Clinton in Second Presidential Debate’, Guardian, 11 October 2016.
29. Selfa (ed.), US Politics in An Age of Uncertainty, Kindle.

Chapter Thirteen: The alt-right and appropriation

1. Justin Wm. Moyer, ‘University Yoga Class Canceled Because of “Oppression, Cultural Genocide”’, Washington Post, 23 November 2015, <https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/11/23/university-yoga-class-canceled-because-of-oppression-cultural-genocide/?utm_term=.5f494e4e641e>.
2. Susan Scafidi, Who Owns Culture?: appropriation and authenticity in American law, Rutgers University Press, 2005, Kindle.
3. Andrew Ross, No Respect: intellectuals and popular culture, London, Routledge, 2016, 68.
4. William Gibson, ‘On Evil Yogis and the Icy Silence of Yoga’s Post-Disintegration’, PopMatters, 11 October 2015, <https://www.popmatters.com/on-evil-yogis-and-the-icy-silence-of-yogas-post-disintegration-2495484784.html>.
5. Michelle Goldberg, ‘University Canceled Yoga Class: No, it’s not “cultural appropriation” to practice yoga.’, Slate, 23 November 2015, <http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2015/11/university_canceled_yoga_class_no_it_s_not_cultural_appropriation_to_practice.html>.
6. Chris Welch and Sara Ganim, ‘White Supremacist Richard Spencer Speaks at Texas A&M’, CNN, 7 December 2016, <https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/06/politics/richard-spencer-interview-texas-am-speech/index.html>.
7. Quoted in Shuja Haider, ‘The Safety Pin and the Swastika’, Viewpoint Magazine, 4 January 2017, <https://www.viewpointmag.com/2017/01/04/the-safety-pin-and-the-swastika/>.
8. Neil Davidson, ‘Choosing or Refusing to Take Sides in an Era of Right-wing Populism’, in Selfa (ed.), US Politics in An Age of Uncertainty.
9. Bovy, ‘The Perils of “Privilege”’.
10. ‘“We’re Not Going Away”: Alt-right leader on voice in Trump administration’, NPR.org, 17 November 2016, <https://www.npr.org/2016/11/17/502476139/were-not-going-away-alt-right-leader-on-voice-in-trump-administration>.
11. Richard Spencer, ‘Cultural Appropriation’, Radix Journal, 22 November 2015, <https://www.radixjournal.com/2015/11/2015-11-21-cultural-appropriation/>.
12. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto: with an introduction and notes by Gareth Stedman Jones, London, Penguin, 2010.
13. David B. Dennis, Inhumanities: Nazi interpretations of Western culture, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2012, 50.
14. David Renton, When We Touched the Sky: the Anti-Nazi League 1977–1981, Cheltenham, New Clarion Press, 2006.
15. Haider, ‘The Safety Pin and the Swastika’.
16. Andy Dangerfield, ‘Did Music Fight Racism?’, BBC, 24 April 2008, <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7351610.stm>.
17. Frank Ross, ‘Andrew Breitbart: enemy of the left with a laptop’, Breitbart, 3 August 2010, <http://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2010/08/03/andrew-breitbart-enemy-of-the-left-with-a-laptop/>.
18. Murat Yükselir, ‘Who Is Stephen Bannon? How he fits in Trump’s unusual inner circle, and why he worries so many’, Globe and Mail, 14 November 2016, <https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/stephen-bannon-how-he-fits-in-trumps-unusual-inner-circle/article32835619/>.
19. Jake Swearingen, ‘Steve Bannon’s “World of Warcraft” Gold Farming Inspired Him’, NYMag, 18 July 2017, <http://nymag.com/selectall/2017/07/steve-bannon-world-of-warcraft-gold-farming.html>.
20. Sean Illing, ‘The Woman at the Center of #Gamergate Gives Zero Fucks about Her Haters’, Vox, 19 September 2017, <https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/9/19/16301682/gamergate-alt-right-zoe-quinn-crash-override-interview>.
21. Steve Hen, ‘When Women Stopped Coding’, NPR.org, 21 October 2014, <https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2014/10/21/357629765/when-women-stopped-coding>.
22. Lisa Wade, ‘What Happened to All of the Women in Computer Science?’, Pacific Standard, 13 January 2015, <https://psmag.com/economics/happened-women-computer-science-98057>.
23. Brendan Keogh, ‘Hackers, Gamers and Cyborgs’, Overland, 218, Autumn 2015, <https://overland.org.au/previous-issues/issue-218/feature-brendan-keogh/>.
24. Dale Beran, ‘4chan: The Skeleton Key to the Rise of Trump’, Medium, 15 February 2017, <https://medium.com/@DaleBeran/4chan-the-skeleton-key-to-the-rise-of-trump-624e7cb798cb>.
25. Andrew Jakubowicz, ‘Alt-Right White Lite: trolling, hate speech and cyber racism on social media’, Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: an interdisciplinary journal 9(3), 2017, 41.
26. Beran, ‘4chan’.
27. Zaid Jilani, ‘Gamergate’s Fickle Hero: the dark opportunism of Breitbart’s Milo Yiannopoulos’, Salon, 29 October 2014, <https://www.salon.com/2014/10/28/gamergates_fickle_hero_the_dark_opportunism_of_breitbarts_milo_yiannopoulos/>.
28. Milo Yiannopoulos, ‘Feminist Bullies Tearing the Video Game Industry Apart’, Breitbart, 1 September 2014, <http://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/09/01/lying-greedy-promiscuous-feminist-bullies-are-tearing-the-video-game-industry-apart/>.
29. Kristen V. Brown, ‘The Ultimate Troll: the terrifying allure of Gamergate icon Milo Yiannopoulos’, Splinter, 27 October 2015, <https://splinternews.com/the-ultimate-troll-the-terrifying-allure-of-gamergate-1793852307>.
30. Ethan Ralph, ‘L & O: SVU “Gamer Madness” edition more bizarre than anyone could have imagined’, The Ralph Retort, 12 February 2015, <https://theralphretort.com/law-order-gamergate-more-bizarre-than-anyone-could-have-imagined-0212015/>.
31. Jimmy Page, ‘Cultural Appropriation, #Gamergate and Why Gamers Had to Die’, Medium, 3 February 2015, <https://medium.com/@Dwavenhobble/cultural-appropriation-gamergate-and-why-gamers-had-to-die-e745cbebc574>.
32. Milo Yiannopoulos, ‘Why I’m Winning’, Breitbart, 23 November 2015, <http://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2015/11/23/why-im-winning/>.
33. Milo Yiannopoulos, ‘Meme Magic: Donald Trump is the internet’s revenge on lazy elites’, Breitbart, 4 May 2016, <http://www.breitbart.com/milo/2016/05/04/meme-magic-donald-trump-internets-revenge-lazy-entitled-elites/>.
34. Nagle, Kill All Normies, 3.
35. Joseph Bernstein, ‘Here’s How Breitbart and Milo Smuggled White Nationalism into the Mainstream’, Buzzfeed, 6 October 2017, <https://www.buzzfeed.com/josephbernstein/heres-how-breitbart-and-milo-smuggled-white-nationalism?utm_term=.bovmd4Wmo#.lh57A587Y>.

Chapter Fourteen: Fascism and democracy

1. Jeffrey A. Tucker, ‘Is Donald Trump a Fascist?’, Newsweek, 17 July 2015, <http://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-fascist-354690>.
2. Dan Merica, ‘Trump Condemns “Hatred, Bigotry and Violence on Many Sides” in Charlottesville’, CNN, 13 August 2017, <https://edition.cnn.com/2017/08/12/politics/trump-statement-alt-right-protests/index.html>.
3. Dell Cameron, ‘Neo-Nazis Praise Trump’s Response to Charlottesville: “He said he loves us all’’’, Gizmodo, 12 August 2017, <https://gizmodo.com/neo-nazis-praise-trumps-response-to-charlottesville-h-1797787685>.
4. Jamelle Bouie, ‘Donald Trump Is a Fascist’, Slate, 25 November 2015, <http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2015/11/donald_trump_is_a_fascist_it_is_the_political_label_that_best_describes.html>.
5. Robert O. Paxton, The Anatomy of Fascism, New York, Vintage, 2007, 17.
6. Davidson, ‘Choosing or Refusing to Take Sides in an Era of Right-wing Populism’.
7. Corey Robin, ‘Think Trump Is an Authoritarian? Look at his actions, not his words’, Guardian, 2 May 2017, <https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/may/02/donald-trump-authoritarian-look-actions-not-words>.
8. An early version of this argument appeared in Jeff Sparrow, ‘Brexit and the New Hostility to Participatory Democracy’, Overland, 25 June 2016, <https://overland.org.au/2016/06/brexit-and-the-new-hostility-to-participatory-democracy/>.
9. Edmund Burke, ‘Reflections on the Revolution in France’, <https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/563/>.
10. Thomas Jefferson, ‘Thomas Jefferson on Politics and Government’, <https://famguardian.org/Subjects/Politics/ThomasJefferson/jeff0800.htm>.
11. ‘Hamilton versus Jefferson on Popular Rule’, <http://www.pinzler.com/ushistory/hamjeffpopsupp.html>.
12. Raymond Williams, Keywords: a vocabulary of culture and society, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2014, 96.
13. Gitlin, The Sixties, 134.
14. Williams, Keywords, 96.
15. Robert McChesney, ‘Introduction’, in Noam Chomsky, Profit over People: neoliberalism and global order, New York, Seven Stories Press, 1999, 6.
16. David Harvey, A Brief History of Neoliberalism, New York, Oxford University Press, 2007, 66.
17. Robert Sullivan, ‘The Hamilton Cult’, Harper’s Magazine, October 2016, <https://harpers.org/archive/2016/10/the-hamilton-cult/>.
18. Matt Stoller, ‘The Hamilton Hustle’, Baffler, 6 March 2017, <https://thebaffler.com/salvos/hamilton-hustle-stoller>.
19. Andrew Sullivan, ‘America Has Never Been So Ripe for Tyranny’, NYMag, 1 May 2016, <http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/04/america-tyranny-donald-trump.html>.
20. James Traub, ‘It’s Time for the Elites to Rise Up Against the Ignorant Masses’, Foreign Policy, 28 June 2016, <http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/06/28/its-time-for-the-elites-to-rise-up-against-ignorant-masses-trump-2016-brexit/>.
21. Paul Mason, ‘The Leftwing Case for Brexit (One Day)’, Guardian, 16 May 2016, <http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/may/16/brexit-eu-referendum-boris-johnson-greece-tory>.
22. Geoffrey Robertston, ‘How to Stop Brexit: get your MP to vote it down’, Guardian, 27 June 2016, <https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jun/27/stop-brexit-mp-vote-referendum-members-parliament-act-europe>.
23. A. C. Grayling, ‘Professor A C Grayling’s Letter to All 650 MPs Urging Parliament Not to Support a Motion to Trigger Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty’, New College of the Humanities, 1 July 2016, <https://www.nchlondon.ac.uk/2016/07/01/professor-c-graylings-letter-650-mps-urging-parliament-not-support-motion-trigger-article-50-lisbon-treaty-1-july-2016/>.
24. Abi Wilkinson, ‘Leave Voters Are Not All Idiots: some Londoners still don’t get it’, Guardian, 15 February 2017, <https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/feb/14/leave-voters-london-voted-remain-eu>.
25. ‘A Note about Our Coverage of Donald Trump’s “Campaign”’, Huffington Post, 17 July 2015, <https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/entry/a-note-about-our-coverage-of-donald-trumps-campaign_us_55a8fc9ce4b0896514d0fd66>.
26. Selfa (ed.), US Politics in an Age of Uncertainty.
27. New Yorker, 27 December 2016, <https://www.newyorker.com/cartoon/a20630>.
28. Abi Wilkinson, ‘The Specter of Democracy’, Jacobin, 1 November 2017, <http://jacobinmag.com/2017/01/bernie-sanders-trump-populism-new-yorker>.
29. Thea Riofrancos, ‘Democracy Without the People’, N+1, 6 February 2017, <https://nplusonemag.com/online-only/online-only/democracy-without-the-people/>.
30. David Adler, ‘Centrists are the Most Hostile to Democracy, Not Extremists’, New York Times, 23 May 2018, <https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/05/23/opinion/international-world/centrists-democracy.html>.

Conclusion

1. Mark Lilla, ‘The End of Identity Liberalism’, New York Times, 18 November 2016, <https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/20/opinion/sunday/the-end-of-identity-liberalism.html>.
2. Mark Lilla, The Once and Future Liberal: after identity politics, New York, HarperCollins, 2017.
3. Margo Kingston, ‘Pauline Hanson Takes Centre Stage Again but This Time We Should Listen Not Lampoon’, Guardian, 4 July 2016, <https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/jul/04/pauline-hanson-takes-centre-stage-again-but-this-time-we-should-listen-not-lampoon>.
4. AAP, ‘Labor Backs Gay Marriage Ban’, Sydney Morning Herald, 27 May 2004, <https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/05/27/1085461884719.html>.
5. AAP, ‘Labor Backs Howard’s Gay Marriage Ban’, Age, 1 June 2004, <https://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/06/01/1086037757556.html>.
6. Meaghan Shaw, ‘Labor Backs Ban on Gay Marriage’, Age, 5 August 2004, <https://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/08/04/1091557919497.html>.
7. Facebook post, Anglican Parish of Gosford, 10 August 2017.
8. Michael Koziol, ‘“Extraordinary”: 100,000 new voters join electoral roll as last-minute surge buoys “yes”campaign’, 25 August 2017, <https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/extraordinary-100000-new-voters-join-electoral-roll-boosting-hopes-for-yes-campaign-20170825-gy466w.html>.
9. Rob Inglis, ‘“Dark Days Are Over”: Croome and fellow “yes” supporters rejoice’, Advocate, 15 November 2017, <http://www.theadvocate.com.au/story/5059195/dark-days-are-over-croome-and-fellow-yes-supporters-rejoice/>.
10. Jack Mundey, interview by Robin Hughes, ‘Jack Mundey: full interview transcript’, 4 October 2000, <http://www.australianbiography.gov.au/subjects/mundey/interview4.html>.
11. ‘Why Does the CFMEU Support Marriage Equality?’, CFMEU Construction and General, 20 September 2017, <https://cg.cfmeu.org.au/news/why-does-cfmeu-support-marriage-equality>.
12. Joanna Horton, ‘“We Had Marx, They Had Pauline”: left organising in poor communities’, Overland, 13 February 2018,<https://overland.org.au/2018/02/we-had-marx-they-had-pauline-left-organising-in-poor-communities/>.
13. ‘United States: LGBT Students Face Discrimination’, Human Rights Watch, 7 December 2016, <https://www.hrw.org/news/2016/12/07/united-states-lgbt-students-face-discrimination>.
14. Marissa Higgins, ‘LBGT Students Are Not Safe at School’, Atlantic, 18 October 2016, https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2016/10/school-is-still-not-safe-for-lgbt-students/504368/.
15. Davidson, ‘Choosing or Refusing to Take Sides in an Era of Right-Wing Populism’.
16. Emma Stefansky, ‘George Takei Forgives Sexual Assault Accuser After Accuser Retracts Claim’, Vanity Fair, 27 May 2018, <https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2018/05/george-takei-sexual-assault-accuser-retracts-claim>.
17. Sandra E. Garcia, ‘The Woman Who Created #MeToo Long Before Hashtags’, New York Times, 20 October 2017, <https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/20/us/me-too-movement-tarana-burke.html>.
18. Stephanie Convery, ‘Get your hands off my sister’, Overland, Autumn 2016, <https://overland.org.au/previous-issues/issue-222/feature-stephanie-convery/>.
19. Hannah Arendt, On Revolution, New York, Penguin, 2006, 110.
20. ‘We Were There — Sydney’s Pride History Group’, accessed 12 April 2018, <http://www.camp.org.au/100-voices/10-exhibitions/out-of-the-closets-early-activism/97-we-were-there>.
21. It Was a Riot! Sydney’s First Gay & Lesbian Mardi Gras. 78ers Festival Events Group, 1998.
22. Barbara Ehrenreich, ‘Transcendence, Hope & Ecstasy’, Z Magazine, October 1998.
23. Calla Wahlquist, ‘Indigenous Youth Incarceration Rate Is a National Crisis and Needs Action, PM told’, Guardian, 31 May 2017, <https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/mar/31/indigenous-youth-incarceration-rate-is-a-national-crisis-and-needs-action-pm-told>.
24. ‘We Only Want The Earth’ in James Connolly, Selected Writings, London, Pluto Press, 1972, 292.